Extracellular enzyme profiles of Xerophilic fungi isolated from dried materials of medicinal plants

• Autorzy: Janda-Ulfig K , Ulfig K , Markowska A
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Fungal extracellular enzymes may play a role in biodeterioration of dried materials of medicinal plants and in propagation of toxigenic and pathogenic fungal strains. However, no data on enzymatic activities of xerophilic fungi contaminating these materials have been found in the literature. The objective of the study was to determine extracellular enzyme profiles of slow-growing fungi, i.e. Eurotium amstelodami, E. chevalieri, E. herbariorum and Aspergillus versicolor isolated from dried materials of medicinal plants from herbal shops of Szczecin, Poland. Solid media and API ZYM® test were used to determine enzymatic activities. The highest colony diameters were observed in A. versicolor on gelatin, cellulose, tributyrin, rapeseed oil, biodiesel oil and diesel oil agars, and in E. herbariorum on milk and starch agars. A. versicolor also showed the highest hydrolytic activity on milk, gelatin, starch and tributyrin agars. No hydrolysis zones were formed on cellulose, rapeseed oil and biodiesel oil agars, but the stimulation effect of the oils on fungal growth was clearly observed. The effect was the highest in E. amstelodami, and considerably increased during a 21-day incubation period. In addition, E. amstelodami and A. versicolor showed high catalase, urease and DNA-se activities. A. versicolor had higher pectate lyase activity compared to E. amstelodami. Of the fungi examined, E. amstelodami showed the highest hydrolase activity in the API ZYM® test. A. versicolor and E. amstelodami were found to be the two species with the highest biodeterioration potential for dried materials of medicinal plants. Xerophilic fungi isolated from this environment could also be used in bioremediation.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

medicinal plant; dried material; plant material; xerophilic fungi; extracellular enzyme; Eurotium amstelodami; Eurotium chevalieri; Eurotium herbariorum; Aspergillus versicolor

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: 18
• Numer: 3
• Strony: 391-397
• Opis fizyczny: p.391-397,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Janda-Ulfig K

• Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Szczecin, Slowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Ulfig K

• Division of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies, Polymer Institute, Szczecin University of Technology, Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Markowska A

• Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Szczecin University of Technology, Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. LUTOMSKI J. More and more herbal tea. Wiadomości Zielarskie 4, 7, 1999 [In Polish].
• 2. ABEYWICKRAMA K., BEAN G.A. Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins in Sri Lanka medicinal plant material. Mycopathologia 113, 187, 1991.
• 3. HALT M. Moulds and mycotoxins in herb tea and medicinal plants. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 14, 269, 1998.
• 4. EFUNTOYE M.O. Mycotoxins of fungal strains from stored herbal plants and mycotoxin contents of Nigerian crude herbal drugs. Mycopathologia 147, 43, 1999.
• 5. TASSANEEYAKUL W., RAZZAZI-FAZELI E., PORASUPHATANA S., BOHM J. Contamination of aflatoxins in herbal medicinal products in Thailand. Mycopathologia 158, 239, 2004.
• 6. ROMAGNOLI B., MENNA V., GRUPPIONI N., BERGAMINI C. Aflatoxins in spices, aromatic herbs, herbteas and medicinal plants marketed in Italy. Food Control 18, 697, 2007.
• 7. JANDA K., ULFIG K. Study on the quantitative and qualitative composition of fungi in dried medicinal plants. Roczniki PZH 56, 331, 2005 [In Polish].
• 8. JANDA K., ULFIG K. A comparison of selective media and incubation temperatures for isolation of microscopic fungi from dried medicinal plants. Roczniki PZH 57, 267, 2006.
• 9. AZIZ N.H., YOUSSEF Y.A., EL-FOULY M.Z., MOUSSA L.A. Contamination of some common medicinal plant samples and spices by fungi and their mycotoxins. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 39, 279, 1998.
• 10. ELSHAFIE A.E., LA-LAWATIA T., AL-BAHRY S. Fungi associated with black tea and tea quality in the Sultanate of Oman. Mycopathologia 145, 89, 1999.
• 11. ABOU-ARAB A.A.K., SOLIMAN KAWTHER M., EL TANTAWY M.E., ISMAIL BADEAA R., KHAYRIA N. Quantity estimation of some contaminants in commonly used medicinal plants in the Egyptian market. Food Chemistry 67, 357, 1999.
• 12. GARCIA S., IRACHETA F., GALVAN F., HEREDIA N. Microbiological survey of retail herbs and spices from Mexican markets. J. Food Protection 64, 99, 2001.
• 13. BUGNO A., BUZZO-ALMODOVAR A.A.B., CALDASPEREIRA T., ANDREOLI-PINTO T.J., SABINO M. Occurrence of toxigenic fungi in herbal drugs. Brazil. J. Microbiol. 37, 47, 2006.
• 14. CZECH E., KNEIFEL W., KOPP B. Microbiological status of commercially available medicinal herbal drugs – a screening study. Planta Med. 67, 263, 2001.
• 15. RIZZO I., VEDOYA G., MAUROTTO S., HAIDUKOWSKI M., VARSAVSKY E. Assessment of toxigenic fungi on Argentinean medicinal plants. Microbiol. Res. 159, 113, 2004.
• 16. AZIZ N.H., EL-FOULY M.Z., ABU-SHADY M.R., MOUSSA L.A.A. Effect of gamma radiation on the survival of fungal and actinomycetal florae contaminating medicinal plants. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 48, 71, 1997.
• 17. KIM M.J., YOOK H.S., BYUN M.W. Effects of gamma irradiation on microbial contamination and extraction yields of Korean medicinal herbs. Rad. Phys. Chem. 57, 55, 2000.
• 18. ISMAIL M.A. Deterioration and spoilage of peanuts and desiccated coconuts from two sub-Saharan tropical East African countries due to the associated mycobiota and their degradative enzymes. Mycopathologia 150, 67, 2000.
• 19. GOBINATH S.C.B., ANBU P., HILDA A. Extracellular enzymatic activity profiles in fungi isolated from oil-rich environments. Mycoscience 46, 119, 2005.
• 20. HANKIN L., ANAGNOSTAKIS S.L. The use of solid media for detection of enzyme production by fungi. Mycologia 67, 597, 1975.
• 21. ONG P.S., GAUSHER C.M., Protease production of thermophilic fungi. Can. J. Microbiol. 19, 129, 1973.
• 22. RODINA A. Microbiological Methods for Water Examination. PWRiL, Warszawa, 1968 [In Polish].
• 23. BRAVERY A.F. Microbiological breakdown of cellulose in the presence of alternative carbon source. J. Science Food Agric. 19, 133, 1968.
• 24. JANDA-ULFIG K., ULFIG K., CANO J., GUARRO J. A study of the growth of Pseudallescheria boydii isolates from sewage sludge and clinical sources on tributyrin, rapeseed oil, biodiesel oil and diesel oil. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 15, 51, 2008.
• 25. BORDNER R., WINTER J. Microbiological Methods for Monitoring the Environment. Water & Wastes. EPA-600/8-78-017, Ohio, 1978.
• 26. SEELINGER H.P.R. Use of a urease test for the screening and identification of cryptococci. J. Bacteriol. 72, 127, 1956.
• 27. BUKELSKIENÉ V., BALTRUKIENÉ D., REPEČKIENÉ J. Study of health risk associated with Aspergillus amstelodami and its mycotoxic effects. Ekologija 3, 42, 2006.
• 28. WEIDENBŐRNER M. Encyclopedia of Food Mycotoxins. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg, p. 31, 2001.