Effects of stocking density and weaning age on cannibalism, survival and growth in European perch Perca fluviatilis larvae

• Autorzy: Krol J. , Zielinski E.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Tempo wzrostu, przeżywalność i kanibalizm larw okonia europejskiego Perca fluviatilis (L.) w zależności od początkowego zagęszczenia obsad oraz czasu przejścia na żywienie wyłącznie paszą komercyjną

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of stocking density and weaning age on growth, survival and cannibalism in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) larvae under controlled conditions. Two weeks experiment was conducted with 7 day post-hatch perch larvae (mean weight – 2.9 mg). Effects of two different stocking density (low ’L’- 13 and high ’H’- 26 larvae dcm⁻³) and three weaning age treatments (7, 10 and 14 days post-hatching) on cannibalism, survival and growth in perch larvae under controlled conditions were evaluated. Type I (incomplete) cannibalism was significantly affected by weaning age but not by initial stocking density. The significantly lowest losses due to type I cannibalism were observed in both densities weaned at 14 dph and were 8.0 ± 0.5% and 8.6 ± 1.2% for low and high density, respectively. In other groups losses due to type I cannibalism exceeded 12% and did not differ significantly between stocking densities and other weaning age treatments. None of the factors had a significant impact on type II (complete) cannibalism. Survival and mortality other than cannibalism were significantly affected by both: stocking density and weaning age. The later weaning was found to impact positively on the survival of perch larvae, mainly through a reduction of cannibalism type I and mortality other than cannibalism. The significantly highest mean survival rate was obtained in both low (61.5 ± 2.1%) and high (57.0 ± 3.9%) density groups weaned at 14 dph. In other groups survival not exceeded 51% and did not differ significantly between stocking densities and other weaning age treatments. No significant effects of stocking density or weaning age on growth or size heterogeneity were found. The final body weight (FBW), growth rate (SGR) and coefficient of variation of FBW (CVFBW) ranged from 0.025 ± 0.016 g to 0.032 ± 0.020 g, from 15.82 ± 0.42% day⁻¹ to 17.16 ± 0.76% day⁻¹, and from 39.02 ± 3.32% to 48.58 ± 9.04%, respectively.

PL

Niniejsze badanie miało na celu zbadanie wpływu początkowego zagęszczenia i czasu przejścia na żywienie wyłącznie paszą komercyjną na przeżywalność, kanibalizm i tempo wzrostu larw okonia europejskiego (Perca fluviatilis) w warunkach kontrolowanych. Dwutygodniowy eksperyment przeprowadzono na 7 dniowych larwach okonia (średnia waga – 2,9 mg). Zastosowano sześć wariantów eksperymentalnych w zależności od początkowego zagęszczeniach (małego „L” – 13 i dużego „H”- 26 larw dcm⁻³) i momentu przejścia na żywienie wyłącznie paszą (7, 10 i 14 dni po wykluciu). Na wzrost zachowań kanibalistycznych obserwowanych u larw okonia z dwóch badanych czynników istotnie wpływał tylko moment wyeliminowania z karmienia pokarmu żywego. Najniższe straty spowodowane tym typem kanibalizmu obserwowano w obu grupach ryb niezależnie od początkowego zagęszczenia obsady (odpowiednio 8.0 ± 0.5 i 8.6 ± 1.2% dla obsady L i H), których żywienie wyłącznie paszą komercyjną rozpoczęto najpóźniej tj. w 14 dniu po wykluciu. W pozostałych grupach straty spowodowane kanibalizmem typu I przekraczały 12% i nie różniły się w zależności od wielkości obsad oraz od zastosowanych wariatów żywieniowych. Zarówno czas przejścia na karmienie wyłącznie paszą, jak i zastosowane wielkości obsad nie wpłynęły znacząco na intensywność kanibalizmu typu II, miały natomiast istotny wpływ na końcową przeżywalność okoni oraz na obserwowaną śmiertelność nie spowodowaną kanibalizmem. Najwyższą przeżywalność obserwowano w grupach ryb, których żywienie wyłącznie paszą komercyjną rozpoczęto najpóźniej tj. w 14 dniu po wykluciu, niezależnie od początkowej wielkości obsady, która wyniosła odpowiednio 61.5 ± 2.1 i 57.0 ± 3.9% dla grup L i H. Zarówno początkowe zagęszczenie larw, jak i moment przejścia na żywienie okoni z wykorzystaniem wyłącznie paszy komercyjnej nie wpłynęły istotnie na końcowe parametry zootechniczne ryb. Średnia końcowa masa ryb (FBW), ich względne tempo wzrostu (SGR) oraz współczynnik zróżnicowania masy (CVFBW) mieściły się odpowiednio w zakresach od 0.025 ± 0.016 g do 0.032 ± 0.020 g dla FBW, od 15.82 ± 0.42% dzień⁻¹ do 17.16 ± 0.76% dzień⁻¹ dla SGR oraz od 39.02 ± 3.32% do 48.58 ± 9.04% dla CVFBW.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Natural Sciences
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: 30
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.403-415,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Krol J.

• Department of Ichthyology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 117A, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Zielinski E.

• Department of Ichthyology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

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