Evaluation of preadolescent athletes’ running performance in a middle distance event

• Autorzy: Pilianidis T. , Mantzouranis N. , Siachos N. , Smirniotou A. , Zacharogiannis I. , Spiros K.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Introduction. Sport biomechanics focuses on the evaluation of athletes’ running stride characteristics with training shoes and barefoot. Few studies have assessed the running performance of shod and unshod preadolescent athletes, and they have been carried out only in laboratory conditions. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of preadolescent athletes in the 1000 m running event by applying two protocols: with training shoes and barefoot. Material and Methods. Forty three (n = 43) preadolescent athletes were recruited for the study. In the fi rst testing session the participants’ anthropometric data and their VO₂max were recorded. The athletes were randomly assigned to compete in two testing protocols in counterbalanced order. The t-test assessed the performance in two protocols while the ROC curves were applied to illustrate the discrimination between performances relative to the athletes’ gender. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis was applied to evaluate the inter-correlations between the athletes’ VO₂max, and their anthropometric characteristics during an 1000m running event shod and unshod. Results. The results showed that boys performed better than girls in the 1000 m event, shod and unshod. Pearson’s correlation analysis presented a substantial effect on the VO₂max and body fat in the preadolescents’ performance in both protocols. In spite of the fact that boys performed slightly better than girls, the t-test did not confirm the signifi cant differences in the athletes’ 1000 m performance barefoot. Conclusions. The importance of the present study lies in the fact that the running performance of preadolescent athletes barefoot is not worse than their performance in training shoes, and this can provide an incentive for future research concerning the content of training programs of young athletes.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

foot; human foot; running shoe; training shoe; shoe; training programme; endurance; running performance; middle distance; young athlete

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Trends in Sport Sciences
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 20
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.66-71,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Pilianidis T.

• Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece

autor

Mantzouranis N.

• Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece

autor

Siachos N.

• Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece

autor

Smirniotou A.

• Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

autor

Zacharogiannis I.

• Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

autor

Spiros K.

• Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

Bibliografia

• 1. Netter HF. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 1997. ICON Learn¬ing Systems 2nd edition.
• 2. Nigg BM. Biomechanical aspects of running. In: Biomechanics of running shoes. 1986. Nigg BM. ed., Champaign: Human Kinetics; 1-25.
• 3. Bramble DM, Lieberman DE. Endurance running and the evolution of Homo. Nature. 2004, 432: 245-352.
• 4. Lieberman DE, Venkadesan M, Werbel WA, et al. Foot strike patterns and collision forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners. Nature. 2010; 463: 531-535.
• 5. Rao BU, Joseph B. The influence of footwear on the prevalence of flat foot: A survey of 2,300 children. J Bone Joint Surg. 1992; 74, 4: 525-527.
• 6. Rossi W. Children's Footwear: Launching site for adult foot ills. Podiatry Manag. 2002; 83-100.
• 7. Wolf S, Simon J, Patikas D, et al. Foot motion in children shoes - A comparison of barefoot walking with shod walking in conventional and flexible shoes. Gait Post. 2008; 27, 1: 51-59.
• 8. Henning ME, Valiant AG Liu Q. Biomechanical vari¬ables and the perception of cushioning for running in various types of footwear. J Appl Biomech. 1996; 12: 143-150.
• 9. Thomson RD, Birkbeck AE, Tan WL, et al. The mod¬elling and performance of training shoe cushioning systems. Sports Engineering. 1999; 2: 109-120.
• 10. Hasegawa H, Yamauchi T, Kraemer WJ. Foot strike pat¬terns of runners at 15 km point during an elite-level half marathon. J. Strength Cond Res. 2007; 21: 888-893.
• 11. Tazuke S. The first step: which is better, the children's sprint (50 m running) with shoes or without shoes? A two-dimensional biomechanical motion analysis. In: Proceedings of the 2004 Pre-Olympic Congress: 6-11 August 2004; Thessaloniki. Klissouras V, ed., Aristotle University of Thessaloniki: Department of Physical Education: 315-316.
• 12. Logan S, Hunter I, J Ty Hopkins JT, et al. Ground reac¬tion force differences between running shoes, racing flats and distance spikes in runners. J Sports Sci Med. 2010; 9: 147-153.
• 13. Perl PD, Daoud IA, Lieberman ED. Effects of footwear and strike type on running economy. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2012; 74, 7: 1335-1343.
• 14. EUROFIT. European Test of Physical Fitness. 1988. Rome: Council of Europe, Committee for the Develop¬ment of Sport.
• 15. Sports Coach UK. Multistage Fitness Test (Bleep Test) CD Version. 1998.
• 16. Moreno-Hernadez A, Rodriguez-Reyes G, Quinones- Uriostegui I, et al. Temporal and spatial gait parameters analysis in non-pathological Mexican children. Gait Post. 2010; 32: 78-81.
• 17. Alcantara E, Perez A, Lozano L, Garica AC. Generation and transmission of heel strike impacts in children run¬ning, footwear and gender influence. In: Proceedings of the XIV Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports: 25-29 June 1996. Funchal Edited by: Abrantes JMCS, Edicoes FMH; 1996: 297-300.
• 18. Kristen KH, Kastner J, Holzreiter S, et al. Biomechan- ics of children shoes using gait analyses in saddlers. Z Orthop Grenzg. 1998; 136: 457-462.
• 19. Hausdorff MJ, Zemany L, Peng CK, Goldberger, AL. Maturation of gait dynamics: stride-to-stride variability and its temporal organization in children. J Appl Physiol. 1999; 86, 3: 1040-1047.
• 20. Armstrong N, Van Mechelen W. Paediatric exercise sci¬ence and medicine. NY: Oxford University Press. 2000; 65-87.
• 21. Onywera VO, Scott RA, Boit MK, Pitsiladis Y. Demo¬graphic characteristics of elite Kenyan runners. J Sports Sci. 2006; 24: 415-422.