An assessment of the ecological status of diverse watercourses of Lower Silesia, Poland

• Autorzy: Hachol J. , Bondar-Nowakowska E.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper presents an assessment of the ecological conditions of various small and medium-sized lowland watercourses of Lower Silesia, determined in part by using aquatic macrophytes as biological indicators of the health and condition of such watercourses. Research was based on the German PHYLIB system (The German Assessment for Macrophytes and Phytobenthos), which determines ecological status based on the RI index (Reference Index). Field studies were conducted during 2007-08 on various watercourses. Research included identifying the species of aquatic macrophytes found in the streambed, as well as determining the degree of coverage; on this basis the RI index was calculated. We found the ecological status of most of the tested sections to be defined either as poor (Class 4) or moderate (Class 3). Research found that the type of streambed had little effect on the number of aquatic macrophyte species or on the ecological condition of the watercourse. We observed that time played a critical role in affecting these indicators, especially over the period that elapsed from the moment when human technical interference was first observed.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 21
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.75-81,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Hachol J.

• Institute of Environmental Development and Protection, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl.Grunwaldzki 64, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland

autor

Bondar-Nowakowska E.

Bibliografia

• 1. TRÉMOLIÈRES M., CARBIENER R., ORTSCHEIT A., KLEIN J. P. Changes in aquatic vegetation in Rhine floodplain streams in Alsace in relation to disturbance. Journal of Vegetation Science 5, 169, 1994.
• 2. SZOSZKIEWICZ K., KAROLEWICZ K., ŁAWNICZAK A., DAWSON F.H. An Assessment of the MTR Aquatic Plant Bioindication System for Determining the Trophic Status of Polish Rivers. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 11, (4), 421, 2002.
• 3. RIIS T., BIGGS B. J. F. Hydrologic and hydraulic control of macrophyte establishment and performance in streams. Limnology and Oceanography 48, 1488, 2003.
• 4. DANIEL H., HAURY J. Effects of fish farm pollution on phytocenoses in an acid river (the River Scorff, South Brittany, France). Acta Botanica Gallica, 142, 639, 1995.
• 5. SZOSZKIEWICZ K., ZBIERSKA J., JUSIK S., ZGOŁA T. Macrophyte Method for River Assessment. A methodological manual for the assessment and classification of ecological status of running waters, based on the aquatic plants. Bogucki Scientific Publishing, ISBN 978-83-61320-81-4, Poznań, 81, 2010 [In Polish].
• 6. SZOSZKIEWICZ K., ZBIERSKA J., JUSIK S., ZGOŁA T. Method of River assessment based on macrophytes implimenting in Poland for Leeds of Water Framework Directive. Wiad. Mel. i Łąk. 4, 163, 2008 [In Polish].
• 7. HOLMES N.T.H., NEWMAN J.R., CHADD S., ROUEN K.J., SAINT L., DAWSON F.H. Mean Trophic Rank. A users manual. R&D Technical Report E38, Environment Agency, Bristol, 1999.
• 8. HAURY J., PELTRE M.-C., TRÉMOLIÈRES M., BARBE J., THIÉBAUT G., BERNEZ I., DANIEL H., CHATENET P., HAAN-ARCHIPOF G., MULLER S., DUTARTRE A., LAPLACE-TREYTURE C., CAZAUBON A., LAMBERT-SERVIEN E. A new method to assess water trophy and organic pollution – the Macrophyte Biological Index for Rivers (IBMR): its application to different types of river and pollution. Hydrobiologia 570, 153, 2006.
• 9. SCHAUMBURG J., SCHRANZ C., STELZER D., HOFMANN G., GUTOWSKI A., FOERSTER J. Instruction Protocol for the ecological Assessment of Running Waters for Implementation of the EC Water Framework Directive: Macrophytes and Phytobenthos. Bavarian Environment Agency, Munchen, 120, 2006 [In German].
• 10. SCHNEIDER S. Development of a Macrophytenindex to Trophieindikation in running waters. Ph.D. Thesis, Biology, München, Shaker Publishing, Aachen, 182, 2000 [In German].
• 11. TOMIAŁOJĆ, L., DYRCZ A. Nature conservation in large river valleys of Poland: an ornithological outlook. [In:] Tomiałojć L. Nature and environment conservation in the lowland river valleys of Poland. Polish Academy of Science, Institute of Nature Conservation, Krakow, pp. 13-38, 1993 [In Polish].
• 12. ILNICKI P. Ecological aspects of the maintenance works on watercourses. Wiad. Mel. i Łąk. 7, 173, 1988 [In Polish].
• 13. GRUSZCZYŃSKI J., KRZYWIEC H. Selected technologies to maintain a drainage systems. Wiad. Mel. i Łąk. 2, 61, 1993 [In Polish].
• 14. DEJAS D., BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E. The mechanization of the maintenance works on the background of the ecological requirements. Scientific Papers of the Agricultural University in Wrocław. Conferences VIII, 266, pp. 261-266, 1995 [In Polish].
• 15. BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E. The effect of the maintenance works on the flora and fauna of the chosen lowland watercourses. Scientific Papers of the Agricultural University in Wrocław, 391, Disserations CLXXIII, 100, 2000 [In Polish].
• 16. ŻELAZO J. The recent views on the small lowland river training. Tomiałojć L. Nature and environment conservation in the lowland river valleys of Poland. Polish Academy of Science, Institute of Nature Conservation, Krakow, pp. 145-154, 1993 [In Polish].
• 17. GUNKEL G. Renaturisation of small running waters. Gustav Fischer Publishing, Jena-Stuttgart, 471, 1996 [In German].
• 18. JUSIK S., SZOSZKIEWICZ K. Biodiversity of water plants in diverse conditions of morphological modifications in lowland rivers of western Poland. Nauka przyroda Technologie 3, 3, #84, 2009 [In Polish].
• 19. GŁOWICKI B., OTOP I., URBAN G., TOMCZYŃSKI K. The climate. Ecophysiographic study for the Lower Silesian Voivodship. Wrocław, 2005 [In Polish].
• 20. BADURA J., PRZYBYLSKI B., CWOJDZIŃSKI S. The geology. Ecophysiographic study for the Lower Silesian Voivodship. Wrocław, 2005 [In Polish].
• 21. BOGDA A., KABAŁA C., KARCZEWSKA A. The soil conditions. Ecophysiographic study for the Lower Silesian Voivodship. Wrocław, 2005 [In Polish].
• 22. DRABIŃSKI A., RADCZUK L., NYC K., MOKWA M., OLEARCZYK D., MARKOWSKA J., BAC-BRONOWICZ J., CHMIELEWSKA I., JAWECKI B., GROMADA O., PIKUL K., MALCZEWSKA B., GOŹDZIK M. The program for Small Water Retention in the Lower Silesian Voivodship. Wrocław, 154, 2006 [In Polish].
• 23. JAGIEŁŁO W. Technical project of the dams on the Smortawa River. Wrocław, 1992 [In Polish].
• 24. PŁYWACZYK A. Flood embankments of the Czarna Woda River. Wrocław, 1995 [In Polish].
• 25. PŁYWACZYK A. Inventory of the Żurawka River at km 0+000 – 14+350. Wrocław, 1996 [In Polish].
• 26. CHUDZIK W. A simplified technical documentation for the removal of the flood damages. Object: the Orla River, Chodlewo – Korzeńsko, at km: 11+300, 12+880-12+900, 15+300-15+500, 17+700-17+800, 18+500-18+600, 19+100-19+200. Milicz, 1998 [In Polish].
• 27. URBANIAK K. Inventory of the watercourses and the flood embankments. The Żalina River, km 0+000 – 9+100, Żurawina. Ekoinwest Sp. z o.o. Wrocław, 1999 [In Polish].
• 28. WNUK S. Inventory of the Oleśnica River at km 0+000 – 13+750, Długołęka. Ekoinwest. Wrocław, 2000 [In Polish].
• 29. SZCZEPANIAK W., CZEMARMAZOWICZ M., SZPADT R., LUBIENIECKI W., GORNIKOWSKI W., KACPERCZYK K., KONOPACKI D., KUBICZEK A., MIKUŁA M., STEFAŃCZYK P., WOJCIECHOWSKA-ŚWIERGOŃ A., WOLDAN K., ŻURAŃSKA M. Environmental Protection Program for the Wrocław District. Wrocław, 2003 [In Polish].
• 30. KWIATKOWSKA-SZYGULSKA B., BANACH E., DZIEWANOWSKI M., KUBACKA L., POLAŃSKA L., SIWKA A. An assessment of the rivers quality in the Lower Silesian Voivodship in year 2007. Regional Inspectorate for Environment Protection in Wrocław. Wrocław, 2008 [In Polish].
• 31. SZOSZKIEWICZ K., ZBIERSKA J., STANISZEWSKI R., JUSIK S. The variability of macrophyte metrics used in river monitoring. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies. XXXVIII, 4, 117, 2009.
• 32. KOHLER A. Methods of mapping the flora and vegetation of freshwater habitats. Landschaft + Stadt, 10, (2), 73, 1978 [In German].
• 33. ALLAN J. D. Stream Ecology. Structure and Function of Running Waters. PWN Scientific Publishing, Warszawa, 452, 1998 [In Polish].
• 34. CAFFREY J. M., MONAHAN C., TIERNEY D. Factors influencing the distribution of aquatic plant communities in Irish canals. Hydrobiologia, 570, 133, 2006.
• 35. RIIS T., SUREN A. M., CLAUSEN B., SAND-JENSEN K. Vegetation and flow regime in lowland streams. Freshwater Biology, 53, 1531, 2008.
• 36. PIETRUCZUK K., SZOSZKIEWICZ K. Assessment of the ecological status of rivers and lakes in the Wielkopolska region (central Poland) based on macrophytes according to requirements of the Water Framework Directive. Nauka Przyroda Technologie, 3, 3, #96, 2009 [In Polish].
• 37. RIIS T., SAND-JENSEN K., VESTERGAARD O. Plant communities in lowland streams: species composition and environmental factors. Aquatic Botany, 66, 255, 2000.
• 38. VEREECKEN H., BAETENS J., VIAENE P., MOSTAERT F., MEIRE P. Ecological management of aquatic plants: effects in lowland streams. Hydrobiologia, 570, 205, 2006.
• 39. HACHOŁ J., BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E. Influence of the slope protection on the vascular aquatic plant communities. Monographs of the Committee of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Science, 56, 121, 2009 [In Polish].
• 40. BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E., DEJAS D., ROJEK S. Plant succession after maintenance works on the Leniwka watercourse. Scientific Papers of the Agricultural University in Wrocław, Melioration XLII, 283, 123, 1996 [In Polish].
• 41. BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E., DEJAS D., ROJEK S. The effect of maintenance works on plant population in the Dobra watercourse (tributary of the Widawa). Annals of the Agricultural University in Poznań. CCXCIV, Melioration and Environmental Engineering, 19/1, 235, 1997 [In Polish].
• 42. ROJEK S., BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E., DEJAS D., CHMURA K. Influence of the maintenance works on the changes in the vegetation cover. Wiad. Mel. i Łąk., 2, 57, 1997 [In Polish].
• 43. HACHOŁ J., BONDAR-NOWAKOWSKA E. Use of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis method (FMEA) for evaluation of ecological risks in the watercourses after regulation und maintenance works. Nauka Przyroda Technologie, 3, 3, #83, 2009 [In Polish].
• 44. GARBEY C., THIÉBAUT G., MULLER S. An experimental study of the plastic responses of Ranunculus peltatus Schrank to four environmental parameters. Hydrobiologia, 570, 41, 2006.