Involution of Simple and Complex Reaction Times Among People Aged Between 21 and 80 - The Results of Computer Tests

• Autorzy: Janusz Jaworski , Dariusz Tchórzewski , Przemysław Bujas
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose. The aim of this case study is to define the involution of simple and complex reaction times in groups of adult men and women. Basic procedure. The tests were carried out during the years 2007-2008 among 128 men and 136 women aged between 21 and 80. Those examined were divided into three groups according to their calendar age. In order to define the meaning of differences of the analyzed reaction time between the results of the three age groups, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method for independent attempts was used. Additionally, normalized differences between the groups as well as indices of sexual dimorphism were defined. Main findings. Among both men and women, gradual deterioration of reaction time performance with age can be observed. The scale of normalized differences shows that the most distinct differences are noticed between the first and the third group. They amount up to 1.3 of the standard deviation in men and up to 1.7 in women. Conclusions. The results derived from the following study confirm a long period of relative stabilization for all simple and complex reaction times among both genders. Significant involution of reaction times can be observed for all analyzed features only after the age of 55. Indices of sexual dimorphism indicate that men gain better results in all age groups. Indices of sexual dimorphism diminish with age.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

coordination motor abilities; reaction time; involution; sexual dimorphism

• Czasopismo: Human Movement
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 12
• Numer: 2
• Strony: 153-158

Daty

wydano

2011-06-01

online

2011-06-21

Twórcy

autor

Janusz Jaworski

• Department of Anthropomotorics, University School of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland

autor

Dariusz Tchórzewski

• Winter Sports Theory and Methodology Department, University School of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland

autor

Przemysław Bujas

• Department of Anthropomotorics, University School of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland

Bibliografia

• WHO, Age-friendly cities. Global ageing and urbanization are successes of humanity, 2009. Available from: URL:
• Osiński W., Physical activity undertaken by elderly people [in Polish]. Antropomotoryka, 2002, 24, 3-24.
• Drabik J., Physical activity, fitness and efficiency as tools for measuring human health [in Polish]. AWF, Gdańsk 1997.
• Jopkiewicz A. (ed.), Motor activity among elderly people [in Polish]. WSP, Kielce 1996.
• Malina R., Bouchard C., Bar-Or O., Growth, maturation, and physical activity. Human Kinetics, Champaign 2004.
• Malina R., Youth physical activity: implication for adult physical activity and health. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism, 2006, 13 (suppl.), 29-33.
• Bláha P., Suzanne Ch., Rebato E., Essentials of biological anthropology (Selected chapters). Charles University, Prague 2007, 270-281.
• Junger J., Kandráć R., Zusková K., Quality of life and level of coordination abilities in seniors. Acta Unniv Palacki Olumouc, Gymn, 2007, 37, 2, 56.
• Kahana E., Kahana B., Kercher K., Emerging lifestyles and proactive options for successful ageing. Ageing Int, 2003, 28 (2), 155-180, doi: 10.1007/s12126-003-1022-8.[Crossref]
• Chodzko-Zajko W., The USA national strategic plan for promoting physical activity in the mid-life and older adult population. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism, 2006, 13 (suppl.), 16-18.
• Wolański N., Pyżuk M., Psychomotor proprieties in 1.5-99 years old inhabitants of Polish rural areas. Studies in Human Ecology, 1973, 1, 134-162.
• Wolański N., Sinarska A., Motor development of Polish society aged 2 to above 90 years old [in Polish]. Wychowanie Fizyczne i Sport, 1986, 3, 16-38.
• Szopa J., Changeability of basic somatic and functional traits among adult citizens of Cracow aged 19-62 bearing in mind their social and professional diversity [in Polish]. Materiały i Prace Antropologiczne, 1988, 109, 73-103.
• Jopkiewicz A., Changeability of fitness among men as well as its genetic and environmental factors [in Polish]. WSP, Kielce 1998.
• Chrzanowska M., Gołąb S. (eds.), The child of Cracow 2000. Physical fitness and body posture in the Cracow children and youth [in Polish]. Studia i Monografie AWF w Krakowie, 2003, 22.
• Lyakh V., The problem of the studies of coordination effectiveness in elderly people. In: Sadowski J., Niźnikowski T. (eds.) Coordination Motor Abilities in Scientific Research. Biała Podlaska 2008, 152-156.
• Starosta W., Level of movement coordination in persons of different age with particular focus on the aging process. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism, 2006, 13 (suppl.), 35-40.
• Mleczko E., Level and dynamics of compound reaction times and visual-motor coordination in population aged 7-62 from Cracow [in Polish]. Zeszyty Naukowe AWF w Krakowie, 1986, 45.
• Sterkowicz S., Jaworski J., Evaluation of accuracy of own set of computer tests for measurement of chosen co-ordination motor abilities (pilot study) [in Polish]. Antropomotoryka, 2006, 16 (36), 81-90.
• Jaworski J., Wieczorek T., Lyakh V., Own suggestion of computer tests for measuring coordination motor abilities. In: Kuder A., Perkowski K., Śledziewski D. (eds.), The process of improving training and sport fighting [in Polish]. AWF, Warszawa 2007, 4, 29-32.
• Stanisz A., Practical course in statistics with STATISTICA PL using examples from medicine. Volume 2 [in Polish]. StatSoft Polska, Kraków 2000.
• Szopa J., Mleczko E., Cempla J., Changeability and genetic and environmental determinant of elementary psychomotor and physical traits in urban population from 7 to 62 years of age [in Polish]. AWF, Kraków 1985, 25.
• Hirtz P., Coordinative abilities in sports school [in German]. Volk. U. Wissen, Berlin 1985.
• Jopkiewicz A., Changeability of fitness in the process of ageing among men [in Polish]. Wych Fiz Sport, 1989, 3, 95-103.
• Jaworski J., Szopa J., Genetic and environmental factors of chosen somatic and motor predisposition among rural people of Żywiecczyzna [in Polish]. Antropomotoryka, 1998, 18, 15-47.
• Mleczko E., The course and factors of functional development of children aged 7-14 from Cracow [in Polish]. AWF, Kraków 1991, 44.
• Mleczko E., Environmental diversity versus level and dynamics of functional development among children aged 7-14 from Cracow [in Polish]. Antropomotoryka, 1993, 10, 57-104.
• Raczek J., Mynarski W., From the research on coordination motor abilities [in Polish]. Antropomotoryka, 1991, 5, 3-19.
• Jaworski J., Jurczak A., Involution that can be observed becomes more intensive only after the age of 56-65 which is proved by data concerning normalized results between outermost calendar age groups. and sexual dimorphism of selected motoric abilities of adult inhabitants in Żywiec village arrears. In: Lisicki T., Wilk B., Walentukiewicz A. (eds.) Pro-healthful style of life - social factors [in Polish]. Gdańsk 2005, 391-398.
• Roth K., Winter R., The development of coordination abilities. In: Ludwig G., Ludwig B. (eds.) Coordination Skills - coordination Competence [in German]. Kassel 2002, 97-103.
• Schaller H.J., Development of coordination abilities in old age. In: Ludwig G., Ludwig B. (eds.), Coordination Skills - coordination Competence [in German]. Kassel 2002, 163-166.
• Hirtz P., The phenomenon of coordination abilities at school sports [in German]. Theorie und Praxis der Körperkultur, 1989, 2, 30-33.
• Szopa J., Mleczko E., Żak S., The rudiments of anthropomotorics [in Polish]. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa-Kraków 1996.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/v10038-011-0013-y