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Disability has become an increasingly important field of investment for modern welfare policy-visible in architecture for wheelchair users as well as in budgets for health care. This documents a gain in solidarity, but it implies also some challenges of practical and philosophical character. Play and games (of, for, and with disabled people) make these challenges bodily. These challenges will here be explored in three steps. In the first step, we discover the paradoxes of equality and categorization, normalization and deviance in the understanding of disability. Ableism, a negative view on disability, is just around the corner. The Paralympic sports for disabled people make this visible. However, play with disabled people shows alternative ways. And it calls to our attention how little we know, so far, about how disabled people play. The second step leads to an existential phenomenology of disablement. Sport and play make visible to what degree the building of “handicap” is a cultural achievement. All human beings are born disabled and finally die disabled-and inbetween they create hindrances to make life dis-eased. Dis-ease is a human condition. However, and this is an important third step, disablement and dis-eased life are not just one, but highly differentiated. These differences are relevant for political practice and have to be recognized. Attention to differences opens up a differential phenomenology of disablement and of disabled people in play-as a basis for politics of recognition.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Numer
Strony
14-23
Opis fizyczny
Daty
wydano
2015-03-01
online
2015-04-10
Twórcy
autor
- University of Southern Denmark Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, heichberg@health.sdu.dk
Bibliografia
- Ahler, M. (2013). Lars Legemester & Handileg /Lars master of the game and play with disabled people/. Odense, Denmark: Center for Handicap og Bevægelsesfremme.
- Aggerholm, K., & Jespersen, E. (2013, September 6). Life on Mount Obstacle: Dis-ease of existence as condition and possibility. Paper presented at the 41st Annual Conference of the International Association for the Philosophy of Sport (IAPS), Fullerton, California.
- Bakhtin, M. (1968). Rabelais and his world. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
- Bickenbach, J. E. (2014). ICF the only game in town. Lecture in the seminar “Disability a Human Condition,” December 5, University of Southern Denmark.
- Cole, C. (2005, May 28). A national fantasy: Enchanted sporting bodies & sex testing. Paper presented at the International Conference “Athletics, Society & Identity,” Athens, Greece.
- Cregan, K. (2012). Key concepts in body & society. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.
- Deaflympics. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved November, 19, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaflympics
- Eichberg, H. (2011). The normal body: Anthropology of bodily otherness. Physical Culture and Sport-Studies and Research, 51, 5-14.
- Eichberg, H. (2013). Laughter in popular games and in sport: The other health of human play. Gesnerus. Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences, 70(1), 127-150.
- Gotaas, T. (2009). Running: A global history. London, England: Reaktion.
- Hansen, J. (in press). The origin of the term handicap in games and sports-History of a concept. Physical Culture and Sport Studies and Research.
- Kloeren, M. (1985). Sport und Rekord. Kultursoziologische Untersuchungen zum England des sechzehnten bis achtzehnten Jahrhunderts /Sport and record: Cultural sociological studies on 16th to 18th century‟s England/. Münster, Germany: Lit.
- Nietzsche, F. (1887). Zur Genealogie der Moral /On the genealogy of morality/. Leipzig, Germany: Naumann.
- Paralympic Games. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved November, 19, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralympic_Games
- Shilling, C. (2012). The body & social theory (3rd ed.) London: SAGE.
- Sloterdijk, P. (2011). Du musst dein Leben ändern. Über Anthropotechnik /You must change your life: About anthropotechnique/.Frankfurt, Germany: Suhrkamp.
- Special Olympics. (n.d.). Retrieved November, 19, 2014, from http://www.specialolympics.org/RegionsPages/content.aspx?id=20690&LangType=1033
- Sutton-Smith, B. (1997). The ambiguity of play. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Svendsen, K. (2012). Leg bryder barrierer ned /Play breaks down barriers/. Lev bladet-udvikling for udviklingshæmmede, 7, 24-27.
- World Masters Games. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved November, 19, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Masters_Games#International_Masters_Games_Association
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_1515_pcssr-2015-0007