Platform-based support for AI uptake by SMEs: guidelines to design service bundles

• Authors: Bartlomiej Gladysz , Davide Matteri , Krzysztof Ejsmont , Donatella Corti , Andrea Bettoni , Rodolfo Haber Guerra

Abstracts

EN

Purpose – Manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have already noticed the tangible benefits offered by artificial intelligence (AI). Several approaches have been proposed with a view to support them in the processes entailed in this innovation path. These include multisided platforms created to enable the connection between SMEs and AI developers, making it easier for them to network each other. While such platforms are complex, they facilitate simultaneous interaction with several stakeholders and reaching out to new potential users (both SMEs and AI developers), through a collaboration with supporting ecosystems such as digital innovation hubs (DIHs). Design/methodology/approach – Mixed methods were used. The literature review was performed to identify the existing approaches within and outside the manufacturing domain. Computer-assisted telephonic (in-depth) interviewing, was conducted to include perspectives of AI platform stakeholders and collect primary data from various European countries. Findings – Several challenges and barriers for AI platform stakeholders were identified alongside the corresponding best practices and guidelines on how to address them. Originality/value – An effective approach was proposed to provide support to the industrial platform managers in this field, by developing guidelines and best practices on how a platform should build its services to support the ecosystem.

Keywords

EN

Artificial intelligence; Small and medium-sized enterprises; AI developers; AI platform guidelines; Digital innovation hubs

• Publisher: Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego
• Journal: Central European Management Journal
• Year: 2023
• Volume: 31
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 463-478

Dates

published

2023

Contributors

author

Bartlomiej Gladysz

• Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

author

Davide Matteri

• University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland

author

Krzysztof Ejsmont

• Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

author

Donatella Corti

• University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland

author

Andrea Bettoni

• University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland

author

Rodolfo Haber Guerra

• Centro de Automática y Robótica, Madrid, Spain

References

• Accenture (2020). Technology vision 2020. Available from: https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insights/technology/technology-trends-2021
• Albukhitan, S. (2020). Developing digital transformation strategy for manufacturing. Procedia Computer Science, 170, 664–671. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.173.
• Amann, M., Granström, G., Frishammar, J., & Elfsberg, J. (2022). Mitigating not-invented-here and not-sold-here problems: The role of corporate innovation hubs. Technovation, 111, 102377. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102377.
• Beckmann, B., Giani, A., Carbone, J., Koudal, P., Salvo, J., & Barkley, J. (2016). Developing the digital manufacturing commons: A national initiative for us manufacturing innovation. Procedia Manufacturing, 5, 182–194. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2016.08.017.
• Bettoni, A., Matteri, D., Montini, E., Gładysz, B., & Carpanzano, E. (2021). An AI adoption model for SMEs: A conceptual framework. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 54(1), 702–708. doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2021.08.082.
• BeyondMinds. (2021). Implementing AI in manufacturing. BeyondMinds. Available from: https://beyondminds.ai/blog/implementing-ai-in-manufacturing-an-introduction/
• Dignum, V. (2019). Responsible artificial intelligence: How to develop and use AI in a responsible way. Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-30371-6.
• Ejsmont, K., Gladysz, B., Kozlowski, J., & Krystosiak, K. (2021). D1.1 stakeholder analysis [deliverable]. KITT4SME. Available from: https://kitt4sme.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/kitt4sme-d1.1-stakeholder-analysis.pdf
• Elger, P., & Shanaghy, E. (2020). AI as a Service: Serverless machine learning with AWS (1st ed.). Manning.
• EU (2019). Digital Innovation Hubs: Helping companies across the economy make the most of digital opportunities - brochure [Text]. Shaping Europe’s Digital Future - European Commission. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/digital-innovation-hubs-helping-companies-across-economy-make-most-digital-opportunities
• EU (2022). How digitalised are the EU’s enterprises?. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20220826-1
• EY (2018). The growing impact of AI on business. MIT Technology Review. Available from: https://www.technologyreview.com/2018/04/30/143136/the-growing-impact-of-ai-on-business
• Floridi, L. (2019). What the near future of artificial intelligence could Be. Philosophy & Technology, 32(1), 1–15. doi: 10.1007/s13347-019-00345-y.
• Fountaine, T., McCarthy, B., & Saleh, T. (2019). Building the AI-powered organization. Harvard Business Review, (July-August). Available from: https://hbr.org/2019/07/building-the-ai-powered-organization
• Ghobakhloo, M., & Ching, N. T. (2019). Adoption of digital technologies of smart manufacturing in SMEs. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 16, 100107. doi: 10.1016/j.jii.2019.100107.
• Haber, R. E., Alique, J. R., Alique, A., Hernandez, J., & Uribe-Etxebarria, R. (2003). Embedded fuzzy-control system for machining processes: Results of a case study. Computers in Industry, 50(3), 353–366. doi: 10.1016/S0166-3615(03)00022-8.
• Hansen, E. B., & Bøgh, S. (2021). Artificial intelligence and internet of things in small and medium-sized enterprises: A survey. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 58, 362–372. doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2020.08.009.
• Hervas-Oliver, J.-L., Gonzalez-Alcaide, G., Rojas-Alvarado, R., & Monto-Mompo, S. (2020). Emerging regional innovation policies for industry 4.0: Analyzing the digital innovation hub program in European regions. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 31(1), 106–129. doi: 10.1108/CR-12-2019-0159.
• Jurcic, M., & Strahonja, V. (2021). Conceptual analysis of the digital innovation hub as a value delivery system. In Proceedings of the Central European Conference on Information and Intelligent Systems, Varazdin, Croatia (pp. 143–150). Available from: https://www.bib.irb.hri1184979.ICTEI2.pdf
• Lima, G., & Cha, M. (2020). Responsible AI and its stakeholders. ArXiv:2004.11434 [Cs]. Available from: http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.11434
• Martınez-Caro, E., Cegarra-Navarro, J. G., & Alfonso-Ruiz, F. J. (2020). Digital technologies and firm performance: The role of digital organisational culture. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 154, 119962. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2020.119962.
• Matt, D. T., Modrak, V., & Zsifkovits, H. (2020). Industry 4.0 for SMEs: Challenges, opportunities and requirements. Palgrave Macmillan. Available from: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-25425-4#toc
• McKinsey (2020). Global AI survey 2020. Available from: http://ceros.mckinsey.com/global-ai-survey- 2020-a-desktop
• Meske, C., Bunde, E., Schneider, J., & Gersch, M. (2022). Explainable artificial intelligence: Objectives, stakeholders, and future research opportunities. Information Systems Management, 39(1), 53–63. doi: 10.1080/10580530.2020.1849465.
• Mucha, T., & Seppala, T. (2020). Artificial intelligence platforms – a new research Agenda for digital platform economy. (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 3532937). Social Science Research Network. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3532937.
• Nascimento, E., Nguyen-Duc, A., Sundbø, I., & Conte, T. (2020). Software engineering for artificial intelligence and machine learning software: A systematic literature review. ArXiv:2011.03751 [Cs]. Available from: http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.03751
• Nguyen, T. S., Mohamed, S., & Panuwatwanich, K. (2018). Stakeholder management in complex project: Review of contemporary literature. Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management, 8. doi: 10.32738/JEPPM.201807.0003.
• Pessot, E., Zangiacomi, A., Battistella, C., Rocchi, V., Sala, A., & Sacco, M. (2020). What matters in implementing the factory of the future: Insights from a survey in European manufacturing regions. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(3), 795–819. doi: 10.1108/JMTM-05-2019-0169.
• Pierleoni, P., Concetti, R., Belli, A., & Palma, L. (2020). Amazon, Google and Microsoft solutions for IoT: Architectures and a performance comparison. IEEE Access, 8, 5455–5470. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2961511.
• Preece, A., Harborne, D., Braines, D., Tomsett, R., & Chakraborty, S. (2018). Stakeholders in explainable AI. ArXiv:1810.00184 [Cs]. Available from: http://arxiv.org/abs/1810.00184
• Puaschunder, J. M. (2019). Stakeholder Perspectives on artificial intelligence (AI), Robotics and big Data in healthcare: An empirical study. (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 3497261). Social Science Research Network. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3497261.
• Schiff, D., Biddle, J., Borenstein, J., & Laas, K. (2019). What’s next for AI ethics, policy, and governance? A global overview. SocArXiv. doi: 10.31235/osf.io/8jaz4.
• Sun, T. Q., & Medaglia, R. (2019). Mapping the challenges of Artificial Intelligence in the public sector: Evidence from public healthcare. Government Information Quarterly, 36(2), 368–383. doi: 10. 1016/j.giq.2018.09.008.
• Survey (2022a). Stakeholder analysis – AI developers. Available from: https://tinyurl.com/Survey-AI-devs
• Survey (2022b). Stakeholder analysis – DIHs. Available from: https://tinyurl.com/Survey-DIHs
• Survey (2022c). Stakeholder analysis – SMEs. Available from: https://tinyurl.com/Survey-SMEs
• TechTarget (2022). AIaaS. SearchEnterpriseAI. Available from: https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/Artificial-Intelligence-as-a-Service-AIaaS
• Villalonga, A., Negri, E., Biscardo, G., Castano, F., Haber, R. E., Fumagalli, L., & Macchi, M. (2021). A decision-making framework for dynamic scheduling of cyber-physical production systems based on digital twins. Annual Reviews in Control, 51, 357–373. doi: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2021.04.008.
• Watney, C., & Auer, D. (2021). Encouraging AI adoption by EU SMEs. Progressive Policy Institute, (March). Available from: https://www.progressivepolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/PPI_Encouraging-AI-adoption-by-EU-SMEs-3.24.21-2.pdf

Identifiers

DOI

10.1108/CEMJ-08-2022-0096

Biblioteka Nauki

40424417