Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The Applications of Vibratory Crushers to Improve the Efficiency of Industrial Crushing Lines

Mazur Marcin

Management Systems in Production Engineering

|

2025

|

nr 4 (33)

546--553

EN

The article presents design solutions of currently used vibratory jaw and cone crushers. These crushers operate based on a different type of load exerted on the crushed material than in presently used crushing machines, namely using rapidly changing multiple impacts of relatively short duration. As a result, they enable achieving more beneficial technological results in higher degrees of fragmentation, higher shares of desired fine grain classes, and lower total energy demand. Due to the above-mentioned properties, they can be a more advantageous alternative to currently used crushing machines. Several studies have confirmed the high technological capabilities of vibratory crushers when crushing materials with different physical and mechanical properties. In particular, when crushing hard and very hard materials (very compact rocks, ceramic materials, ferroalloys), these crushers demonstrate significantly better capabilities than the previously used “classic” crusher designs, i.e. jaw, cone, impact. The research results show the technological possibilities of vibratory crushers when used for crushing limestone, for producing sorbents for flue gas desulfurization, and for crushing sanitary ceramic waste for the production of aggregates for concrete. The possibility of using vibratory crushers in a prototype installation for gold extraction is also described. The advantages of implementing vibratory crushers in industrial crushing technological lines are related to increased efficiency, increased technological possibilities, and the simplification of currently used crushing lines. In most cases, this may result in a reduction of the required crushing stages and, consequently, in the simplification of industrial crushing technological lines, directly reducing the required investment and operating costs.

2

The influence of areal density of prepreg on crashwor thiness of CFRP composite in quasi-static conditions

Ryzińska Grażyna

Composites Theory and Practice

|

2025

|

R. 25 nr 2

82-89

EN

In this work, experimental compression tests were performed in quasi-static conditions on composite specimens in the form of tubes of two different diameters (20 mm and 42 mm). The specimens were made of 3k carbon prepregs with a dry fabric areal density of 160 g/m2 and 204 g/m2, plain, and unidirectional (UD) with an areal density of 200 g/m2. The experiment determined the maximum forces (Pmax), average forces (Pi), and the value of absorbed energy (SEA). It was shown that the use of a 21% higher areal density increases the SEA by about 25% for the plain prepreg. Changing the type of prepreg from plain to UD with a similar areal density increases the SEA by 39% - 53%.

3

Working parts for intensive crushing and grinding of feed from waste raw materials: A review

Iskakov Ruslan, Gulyarenko Alexandr, Hyla Paweł, Bembenek Michał

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2025

|

Vol. 19, no. 7

98--131

EN

Processing of waste into feed involves the need to grind it. Therefore, the study of research on this problem is relevant. The study aims to summarize scientific data on developing working parts for grinding feed from waste. In this regard, we analyzed scientific publications. As a result, it was revealed that the trend in grinding feed raw materials is the use of all types of food production and agricultural waste. Ten types of plant waste from the food industry and seven types of animal waste are indicated. It was found that the main working parts for grinding feed are technical devices for cutting, impact, abrasive-crushing, splitting-breaking, and impact-cutting action. It was revealed that an evident trend is improving working parts for intensive grinding based on optimal design developments of working parts, increasing the efficiency of working surfaces and design and technological parameters, and combining several methods of destroying feed raw materials using one type of working part. In general, the disadvantages and advantages of saws (4 types), rollers and disks (7 types), hammers and knives (21 types), and shredder disk knives (4 types) are analyzed and summarized in tables.

4

Advancements in lithium-ion battery recycling technologies: Exploring module-scale crushing and air separation techniques

Choi Junhyun, Lee Kyeonghyeon, Kim Kwanho, Lee Hoon

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2024

|

Vol. 60, iss. 6

art. no. 199782

EN

The rapid expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy storage systems has driven a surge in the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), creating an urgent need for efficient and sustainable recycling technologies. As LIBs reach their end-of-life, the recovery of key materials, such as electrodes, separators, cell pouches, and plastics, is critical for both environmental protection and resource conservation. This study presents a novel zig-zag air separation technique, integrated with module-scale crushing, to optimize the recycling of crushed LIB modules. By fine-tuning particle size and airflow rates, the method effectively separates components larger than 2 mm, achieving recovery rates exceeding 95% for electrodes and cell pouches, and over 97% for plastics larger than 3.35 mm. The variability in plastic recovery highlights the necessity of precise particle size control. This approach not only enhances recycling efficiency but also reduces contamination risks and minimizes the burden on downstream processing steps. The findings demonstrate the potential of this technique as a scalable and sustainable solution to address the challenges of LIB recycling, offering a pathway to greater material circularity and reduced environmental impact.

5

Influence of Cold Work on the Efficiency of Vibratory Machining

Bańkowski Damian, Spadło S.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 24, iss. 2

5--10

EN

The aim of the article was to determine the impact of crushed condition (work hardening) on the effectiveness of the vibratory machining. The vibratory machining processing was carried out in two steps. The first step consisted of mechanical abrasion and remove oxides from the surface of the workpieces with abrasive media. While in the second step, smoothing - polishing with metal media was performed. Vibratory polishing also strengthened the treated surfaces. The test results were compared for samples in the crushed state (work hardening, plastic processing) and samples subjected to recrystallization annealing heat treatment. Mass losses, changes in the geometric structure of the surface and changes in the hardness of the machining surfaces were analyzed. Samples subjected to recrystallization, as compared to the samples in the state after work hardening-plastic working, are characterized by a slightly higher arithmetic mean surface roughness and lower surface hardness than for analogous processes for samples not subjected to heat treatment. Heat treatment of annealing allows to remove the effects of crushing and thus it is possible to obtain larger mass losses. Smaller burrs dimensions were obtained for samples after the heat treatment – annealing than after work hardening.

6

Fabrication of a prototype of bumper beam by single point incremental forming of laser welded tailored blank and characterization of its quasi-static crushing performance

Katiyar Bhupesh Singh, Panda Sushanta Kumar, Saha Partha

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 24, no. 3

art. no. e141, 2024

EN

A bumper beam prototype was fabricated in the present work by deforming laser welded tailored blank (LWTB) of extra deep drawing (EDD) steels of thicknesses 1.6 mm and 1 mm through a single point incremental forming (SPIF) process. Initially, a finite element (FE) model of SPIF was developed incorporating weld zone properties, material anisotropy and experimental fracture forming limit diagram as a damage model to understand the geometrical profile and strain evolution in the prototype. Subsequently, crushing performance was evaluated numerically at three different locations along the length of the LWTB prototype using a hemispherical indenter and compared with that of the prototype of EDD 1.6 mm (BM). Results showed that the presence of thinner sections in the LWTB prototype altered the deformation mode, and the load was distributed more uniformly compared to the BM prototype during crushing. The numerically predicted deformation modes and crushing load–displacement response were validated at mid-section with experimental findings. It was concluded that the application of non-associated flow rule-based Stoughton model improved the FE-predicted results in comparison to Hill48 and YLD89 models. Approximately 9.33% and 11.28% increase in the crushing force efficiency and specific energy absorption was achieved in the LWTB prototype compared to the BM prototype. These findings revealed that the SPIF process could be applied in developing lightweight bumper beams with improved crushing performance using LWTB.

7

Application of Impact Hammer Crusher for Rock Salt Purification®

Feliks Jacek, Mazur Marcin

Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego

|

2022

|

nr 2

11--18

EN

The article presents the results of research on crushing rock salt. At the Department of Machinery Engineering and Transport, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, an attempt was made to crush salt with a grain size of up to 5 mm. The aim of the research was to obtain a product with a grain size of up to 2 mm with the smallest possible fraction of less than 0.5 mm, which will allow obtaining a product that meets the requirements of customers. The technological system should allow for a minimum efficiency of 20 Mg/h of product. The tests were carried out on two types of crushers: a Vibratory jaw crusher and a hammer crusher with a variable grate size. Based on the analysis of the research results, the use of a hammer crusher was proposed. Using this type of crusher with an adequately selected grate allowed to obtain satisfactory results. It was also proposed to modify the crusher’s functional elements (hammers), which should increase the efficiency of the process.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, dotyczących kruszenia soli kamiennej. W Katedrze Inżynierii Maszyn i Transportu Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej w Krakowie podjęto próbę kruszenia soli o uziemieniu do 5 mm. Celem badań było uzyskanie produktu o uziemieniu do 2 mm 2 jak najmniejszym odziałem frakcji poniżej 0,5 mm co pozwoli na uzyskanie produktu spełniającego wymagania odbiorców. Układ technologiczny powinien pozwolić na uzyskanie wydajności wynoszącej minimalnie 20 Mg/h produktu. Badania przeprowadzono na dwóch typach kruszarek: szczękowej kruszarki wibracyjnej i kruszarce młotkowej ze zmiennym rusztem. Na podstawie analizy wyników badań zaproponowano zastosowanie kruszarki młotkowej. Zastosowanie tego typu kruszarki z odpowiednio dobranym rusztem pozwoliło na uzyskanie zadawalających efektów. Zaproponowano również modyfikacje elementów roboczych kruszarki co powinno pozwolić na zwiększenie efektywności procesu.

8

The effect of high voltage electrical pulses on iron ore comminution to improve desulfurization flotation recovery

Soltanmohammadi Vahid, Noaparast Mohammad, Aslani Soheila

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2022

|

Vol. 58, iss. 4

art. no. 150264

EN

In this research, the effect of employing high voltage electrical pulse (HVEP) on crushing to improve the recovery of iron ore desulfurization was investigated compared to mechanical crushing. To determine the effect of mechanical and electrical crushing, jaw crusher, cone crusher, and high voltage electrical pulse crusher (50Kv) were applied. The results indicated that coarser particles with fewer slimes are produced in the initial crushing stage using electric pulses. Selective separation mechanism from the boundary of the particles based on different dielectric constants, was the main difference between the HVEP method and mechanical crushing. In the flotation process of sulfide minerals crushed by an electric pulse crusher, recovery of the sample was 10.6% higher, and the grade of sulfur in flotation residue of iron ore concentrate was approximately 58% lower than the sample which was undergone through the initial mechanical crushing stage. The obtained results evidenced 37.5% increase in flotation kinetics constant while electric pulse crushing is preferred to mechanical crushing. For mineralogical studies, microparticles (-38 microns) were studied in the pulp phase of the sample, and the results proved that in the electric pulse crushing of the microparticles, they are dispersed, and there is a distance between them, while in the mechanical approach they are formed in the shape of agglomerated particles. This phenomenon leads to better preparation and further possible contact of pyrite particles with air bubbles, which increases flotation kinetics and the recovery of sulfur merely when electric pulse crushing was employed.

9

Compression behaviour of BFRP bars

Urbański Marek, Protchenko Kostiantyn

Archives of Civil Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 68, nr 3

257--271

EN

The durability of building structures reinforced by steel is one of the main concerns in civil engineering. Currently, research in the field is focused on the possibility of replacing steel with relatively corrosion-resistant reinforcement, such as BFRP (Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymers) bars. The behaviour of BFRP bars during compression has not yet been determined. The experimental results pertaining to BFRP bars subjected to compression were presented and discussed in the paper. The research program involved the preparation of 45 BFRP samples with varying unbraced length and nominal diameter of 8 mm that were subjected to compression. For samples with the unbraced length of up to 85 mm, the destruction was caused by crushing. The bars with the unbraced length greater than 120 mm were destroyed as a result of global buckling of the bar and subsequent fiber kinking. Based on the relationship between the buckling load strength - unbraced length, the optimal unbraced length of BFRP bar was determined, for which buckling load strength reaches its maximum value. The buckling load strength decreased, as the unbraced length increased. The values of modulus of elasticity under compression for variable unbraced lengths were slightly different for the samples, and were similar to the modulus of elasticity obtained at the tensile testing. The relationship between the buckling load strength and the unbraced length of BFRP bars was determined. This may contribute to the optimization of the transverse reinforcement spacing in compressed elements and to the development of standard provisions in the area of elements reinforced with FRP bars being subjected to compression.

PL

Obecnie niezwykle dynamicznie rozwija się zastosowanie materiałów kompozytowych o wysokich parametrach użytkowych takich jak pręty BFRP (Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymers) jako zamiennika tradycyjnego zbrojenia stalowego w budownictwie. W artykule przedstawiono ocenę wytrzymałości na obciążenie wyboczeniowe prętów BFRP, co umożliwia ich wykorzystanie, jako zbrojenia w betonowych elementach ściskanych (słupy) oraz w strefie ściskanej elementów zginanych (np. belki i płyty). W porównaniu ze zbrojeniem stalowym, pręty BFRP mają kilka istotnych zalet. Są to między innymi mały ciężar, wysoka wytrzymałość na rozciąganie, odporność na korozję, przezroczystość na pola magnetyczne. Natomiast w porównaniu do najbardziej rozpowszechnionych prętów GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers) wykazują zdecydowanie większą odporność na alkalia i kwasy. Włókna bazaltowe nie reagują toksycznie z powietrzem, wodą ani innymi chemikaliami, które mogą być niebezpieczne dla ludzi lub mogą zanieczyścić środowisko. Ponadto włókna bazaltowe nie są rakotwórcze. W trakcie recyklingu włókna przekształcają się w czarny proszek, który można łatwo usunąć z komory spalania i można go wykorzystać jako wypełniacz do różnych zastosowań. Przeprowadzono jakościową i półilościową analizę składu pierwiastkowego przy użyciu spektrometru dyspersji energii wtórnego promieniowania X (EDS) które dostarczyły istotne informacje dotyczące składu prętów BFRP. We włóknach bazaltowych stwierdzono, obecność dominujących związków SiO2 i Al2O3, które występują także we włóknach szklanych. Ponadto odnotowano obecność związków żelaza Fe2O3 i FeO mających wpływ na fizyko-mechaniczne właściwości włókien bazaltowych, takich jak gęstość (2,73 g/cm3 dla włókien bazaltowych, w porównaniu do 2,54 g/cm3 dla włókien szklanych typu E), kolor (od brązowego do matowo zielonego, w zależności od zawartości FeO), a także mniejsze przewodnictwo cieplne i lepsza stabilność temperaturowa w porównaniu z włóknami szklanymi. Ustalono w badaniu metodą BSE konfigurację oraz niewielki rozrzut w średnicach włókien bazaltowych wchodzących w skład pręta BFRP. Zachowanie prętów BFRP podczas ściskania dotychczas nie zostało określone. W programie badawczym zbadano 45 próbek BFRP o nominalnej średnicy 8 mm ze względu na ściskanie o zróżnicowanej długości niezakotwionej. Dla próbek o długości niezakotwionej do 85 mm zniszczenie następowało przez zgniatanie. Pręty o długości niezakotwionej większej od 120 mm ulegały zniszczeniu w wyniku globalnego wyboczenia pręta a następnie pękania włókien. Na podstawie zależności wytrzymałość na obciążenie wyboczeniowe - niezakotwiona długość pręta ustalono optymalną długość niezakotwioną pręta BFRP, dla której wytrzymałość na obciążenie wyboczeniowe osiąga największą wartość. Wraz ze wzrostem długości niezakotwionej wytrzymałość na obciążenie wyboczeniowe ulegała zmniejszeniu. Moduł sprężystości przy ściskaniu dla zmiennych długości niezakotwionych próbek nieznacznie się różnił, a jego wartość zbliżona była do modułu sprężystości przy rozciąganiu. Określono zależność między wytrzymałością na obciążenie wyboczeniowe a długością niezakotwioną prętów BFRP, co przyczyni się do optymalizacji rozstawu zbrojenia poprzecznego w elementach ściskanych oraz do opracowania przepisów normowych w obszarze elementów ze zbrojeniem ściskanym.

10

Experimental and numerical analyses on crushing behaviour of drawn cups of laser welded tailored blanks under axial loading

Katiyar Bhupesh Singh, Panda Sushanta Kumar, Saha Partha

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 22, no. 4

art. no. e211, 2022

EN

It is imperative to characterize the crushing behaviour of deep drawn components of tailor welded blanks for their wide applications in different autobody structures. In the present work, extra deep drawing steel sheets were laser welded to produce welded blanks of similar thickness and dissimilar thickness (LWTBs), and these were deformed using a two stage deep drawing setup to fabricate geometrically similar drawn cups consisting of both hemispherical and cylindrical segments. Subsequently, these drawn cups were axially crushed between two flat platens to study collapse modes, load–displacement responses and energy absorption capabilities. The collapse of the drawn cups was found to onset with an inward dimpling of the hemispherical segment. As deformation progressed, the folding of cylindrical section occurred either axisymmetrically or unevenly based on the extent of non-uniform thickness variations across the weld zone (WZ). It was also found that the load–displacement response and energy absorption of the cups were enhanced because of the presence of WZ and thickness difference in LWTBs. Also, finite element-based numerical models were developed to collate the prediction capabilities of three different anisotropic material models viz. Hill48, YLD89, and Stoughton non-associated flow rule (S-NAFR)-based model. All these material models were successfully calibrated to predict the collapse modes, but the S-NAFR model was found to closely predict the load–displacement curves and energy absorption. Furthermore, the assessment of specific energy absorption and crushing force efficiency suggested that lightweight LWTB components can be fabricated with improved crashworthiness performance using sheet materials of different thickness.

11

The accurate algorithm of new surface area of single particle comminution, incorporating particle shape and roughness

Guo Qing, Zhou Qiang, Pan Yongtai, Zhu Changyong, Wei Yinghua

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2021

|

Vol. 57, iss. 1

259--272

EN

Energy efficiency can be obtained by measuring accurate new surface energy in the crushing process. For the calculation of new surface energy, most researchers only pay attention to particle size distribution and ignore the influence of particle shape and roughness on the surface area. In this paper, the image processing technology was used to calculate the shape parameters and surface fractal dimension of the crushed granite sample. According to the different combinations of particle shape and roughness, the new surface area corresponding to the four basic models was calculated. For the surface area of a single particle, the calculation result of the rough model considering the surface fractal dimension is higher than that of the smooth model. Moreover, the ratio of the calculation results of the rough model and the smooth model increases significantly as the particle size increases. For 0.1 mm particles, the area ratio of the two models is 8, but for 25 mm particles, the area ratio reaches 130. In contrast, the particle shape is a secondary factor that affects the surface area calculation. The ellipsoidal model considering the particle shape has a surface area 30% larger than the spherical model. If the roughness and particle shape are considered when calculating the surface area, the energy efficiency of crushing is higher.

12

Destruction of the Structure of Boiling Emulsions

Pavlenko Anatoliy, Melnyk Viktor

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2020

|

Tom 22, cz. 1

70--81

EN

In this paper we consider the processes of dynamic interaction between the boiling particles of the dispersed phase of the emulsion leading to the large droplet breakup. It is indicated the differences in the consideration of forces that determine the crushing of non-boiling and boiling drops. It is determined the possibility of using the model to define the processes of displacement, deformation or fragmentation of the inclusion of the dispersed phase under the influence of a set of neighboring particles. The proposed method allows us to determine the main energy parameters of the homogenization process by boiling the emulsion.

PL

W tym artykule rozważamy procesy dynamicznej interakcji między wrzącymi cząsteczkami zdyspergowanej fazy emulsji, prowadzące do rozpadu dużych kropel. Wskazano na różnice w uwzględnianiu sił, które determinują kruszenie kropli niewrzących i wrzących. Określono możliwość wykorzystania modelu do zdefiniowania procesów przemieszczenia, deformacji lub fragmentacji włączenia fazy rozproszonej pod wpływem zestawu sąsiednich cząstek. Proponowana metoda pozwala określić główne parametry energetyczne procesu homogenizacji podczas ogrzewania i wrzenia emulsji.

13

Impact of moisture and speed of threshers on efficiency of crushing of lupine seeds

Gawłowski Sławomir, Kulig Ryszard, Łysiak Grzegorz, Jawad Kadhim Al Aridhee, Zdybel Adam, Hyła Paweł

Agricultural Engineering

|

2020

|

Vol. 24, No. 2

55--63

EN

The objective of the paper was to determine the impact of moisture and rotational speed of threshers on the process of crushing of lupine seeds. Raw material was led to four levels of moisture from 8 to 14% every 2%. The studies were carried out on the laboratory hammer mill with the use of variable speeds of mill hammers within 5500-7000 rot·min-1. The studies that were carried out proved significant relations (p<0.05) between the analysed process variables and energy consumption and susceptibility of seeds to crushing. It was stated that along with the increase of the rotational speed, a reduction in the drop of the average dimension of particles of mill takes place. Along with the increase of moisture of lupine from 8 to 14% a unit energy of crushing increases on average by approx. 83%. It was proved that the susceptibility ratio of seeds to crushing increases along with the increase of raw material moisture. Such relations were determined for all investigated rotational speeds of hammers.

PL

Celem pracy było określenie oddziaływania wilgotności i prędkości obrotowej bijaków na proces rozdrabniania nasion łubinu. Surowiec doprowadzano do czterech poziomów wilgotności od 8 do 14% co 2%. Badania przeprowadzono na laboratoryjnym rozdrabniaczu bijakowym, przy zastosowaniu zmiennych prędkość bijaków rozdrabniacza w przedziale 5500-7000 obr·min-1. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że występują istotne zależności (p<0.05) pomiędzy analizowanymi zmiennymi procesu a energochłonnością i podatnością nasion na rozdrabnianie.

14

Examples of vibratory crushers applications in crushing technological lines

Mazur Marcin

New Trends in Production Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 2, Iss. 1

28--36

EN

Very fine crushing of hard and very hard materials, to product of particle size less than 2-4 mm at feed particle size of 50-200 mm, requires a very large energy inputs. This is mainly because of the need for at least three or even four degrees of crushing, containing: jaw, cone or impact crushers. One of the methods of reducing the amount of energy expended on the crushing process is reducing the number of crushers in technological line. By replacing a large number of less effective crushers with fewer machines but characterized by higher crushing efficiency we can gain considerable savings in investment and operating costs. This is possible by using crushers capable of obtaining much greater degrees of fragmentation than the aforementioned, that is vibratory crushers. The paper includes the systematic of currently used vibratory crushers, their mechanical diagrams, descriptions of the construction and operation, and basic technical parameters as well as examples of crushing technological lines utilizing vibratory crushers.

15

Determination of crushing energy during vibratory crushing

Mazur Marcin

New Trends in Production Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 2, Iss. 1

287--294

EN

The paper presents a new method of determining the energy consumption for vibratory crushing. Using the laboratory vibratory jaw crusher with kinematic actuation of the jaws, the study of determining power consumption while crushing limestone and diabase was conducted. During the study, electrical energy used on the crushing process was measured as a function of changing design and kinematic parameters of the vibratory crusher, i.e.: jaws stroke, the outlet gap size and frequency of jaws vibration. The article presents program of the research, the laboratory test stand of the vibratory jaw crusher KW 40/1 and the test results. Comparing the theoretical crushing energy requirements, determined by the Bond hypothesis, with the values measured during tests a large differences were observed. Using the Bond hypothesis the Vibratory Work Indexes were determined for the tested materials. Their values are higher than limestone and diabase Work Indexes available in the known literatures. The explanation may be greater amount of energy transferred to the material during vibratory crushing, which results in much higher efficiency of the crushing process.

16

Rozdrobnić i posortować : czyli podstawy kruszenia i przesiewania

Stachowski M.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2018

|

nr 1

26--29

PL

Kruszenie i przesiewanie to dwa procesy, które wpisują się w krajobraz niemal każdego zakładu górniczego. Zdarza się, że następują po sobie w układzie technologicznym. Innym razem są od siebie zupełnie niezależne.

17

Rozdrabnianie z zamkniętym obiegiem materiału

Naziemiec Z., Gawenda T.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2018

|

nr 1

30--35

PL

Prawidłowo zaprojektowane układy rozdrabniania z obiegiem zamkniętym pozwalają kontrolować przepływ materiału oraz podnosić wydajność i efektywność procesów rozdrabniania. W przypadku produkcji kruszyw poprawa jakości produktów dotyczy poprawy kształtu ziaren grubych, jak i ograniczenie ilości powstającej frakcji piaskowej.

18

Konstrukcja rozdrabniacza i proces rozdrabniania nasion oleistych

Tyszczuk K., Jankowski M., Brzozowski M.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

|

2018

|

Nr 6

176--177

PL

Przedstawiono opis prac konstrukcyjnych i eksperymentalnych, których celem było zbudowanie przemysłowej wersji precyzyjnego rozdrabniacza do nasion oleistych. Istotnym zagadnieniem okazało się zamodelowanie parametrów konstrukcyjnych i eksploatacyjnych jako zmiennych dla prowadzonych eksperymentów. Zastosowanie algorytmów genetycznych i oceny produktu metodą wizyjną pozwoliło na przeprowadzenie optymalizacji konstrukcji i uzyskanie nastaw urządzenia dla różnych rodzajów nasion oleistych. Badania toksyczności potwierdziły wysoką jakość produktu.

EN

Construction and experimental research aiming at the design of industrial version of a precise shredder for oilseeds are presented in the paper. The modeling of construction and operating parameters as variables for the conducted experiments appeared to be an important issue. The use of genetic algorithms and product assessment by visual method allowed for the structure optimization and the selection of proper device settings for various types of oilseeds. The high product quality was confirmed by toxicity tests.

19

Zastosowanie wibracyjnej kruszarki szczękowej do rozdrabniania soli kamiennej w celu jej oczyszczania®

Feliks J., Mazur M.

Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego

|

2017

|

Nr 2

15--19

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, dotyczących kruszenia wibracyjnego zanieczyszczonej soli kamiennej z Kopalni Soli Kłodawa. Sól wydobywana jest w systemie komorowym z użyciem materiałów wybuchowych. W wyniku tego procesu w urobku występują zanieczyszczenia w postaci pozostałości, m.in. przewodów strzelniczych i przybitki strzelniczej. Obecnie stosowany proces technologiczny wzbogacania polega na rozdrabnianiu w kruszarce udarowej i wydzielaniu rozdrobnionych zanieczyszczeń przy pomocy separatorów magnetycznych i przesiewaczy. Ponieważ w klasie ziarnowej powyżej 20 mm znajduje się większość zanieczyszczeń, traktuje się ją jako odpad. W rzeczywistości, oprócz zanieczyszczeń znajdują się w tej klasie bardzo duże ilości soli, ok. 98%. W Katedrze Maszyn Górniczych Przeróbczych i Transportowych Akademii Górniczo - Hutniczej w Krakowie podjęto próbę wydzielenia z tego typu odpadu produktu handlowego. Propozycja polega na zastosowaniu wibracyjnej kruszarki szczękowej z wymuszeniem bezwładnościowym, a następnie wydzieleniu z produktu kruszenia zanieczyszczeń na odpowiednio dobranych sitach. Zastosowanie kruszarki tego typu umożliwia selektywne kruszenie wyżej wymienionego odpadu (rozdrobnieniu ziaren soli, pozostawiając nierozdrobnione odpady postrzelnicze). Umożliwiło to wydzielenie odpadów od soli, która może być wykorzystana jako pełnowartościowy produkt handlowy.

EN

The article presents results of contaminated rock salt vibratory crushing from the Kłodawa Salt Mine. Salt is extracted there in a chamber system using explosives. This technology of mining causes metal impurities (blasting wire), wood and paper (from blast holes packaging) to appear in excavated salt. The existing technological process of enrichment consists in crushing in impact crushers and separation of shredded impurities by means of magnetic separators and screens. Most contamination stays in the grain class above 20 mm, therefore this class is treated as a waste. In fact, this class – apart from unwanted impurities – contains a very large amount of salt, about 98%. In the Department of Mining, Dressing and Transport Machines of the AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, an attempt was made to extract the commercial product from this type of waste. The proposal is to use a vibratory jaw crusher with inertial actuation of jaws and then separate impurities from the crushing product on appropriately selected screen. The use of this type of crusher enables selective crushing of the abovementioned waste (crushing salt grains and leaving waste nonfragmented). This process enabled the separation of waste from salt, which could be used as a standard value commercial product.

20

Im…, tym… : jak rozmiar oczek rusztu i liczba obrotów wirnika wpływa na efekty rozdrabniania w kruszarce młotkowej

Gawenda T., Foszcz D., Boćniewicz M.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2016

|

nr 4-5

40--45

PL

Im większy rozmiar oczka rusztu, tym stopień rozdrobnienia...? Im większa prędkość obrotowa wirnika, tym uziarnienie produktu...? Jaki jest wpływ podstawowych parametrów pracy kruszarki wirnikowej młotkowej na efektywność procesu rozdrabniania?