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EN
Assessment of the carrying capacity of urban land is very important to evaluate and obtain an overview of the level of land capability through the classification of the carrying capacity of the area so that it becomes the basis for future urban development. This research was conducted in Palu City, which is national city in Indonesia with limited urban development due to its prone to earthquakes. For urban development, it is necessary to study the carrying capacity of land to reduce the risk of earthquake disasters, through three stages of analysis, namely mapping of earthquake-prone areas using the earthquake hazard mapping with seismic micro-zonation; land capability assessment; and integration of land suitability with planning and spatial planning of Palu City. Based on the findings of this study, 74.56% of Palu City is an earthquake-prone area dominated by land capability Classes A to B, namely low to very low land capability classes (55.43%), implying that they have urban physical constraints. However, if it is integrated with the Palu City spatial plan until 2030, most (78.79%) are already in accordance with the carrying capacity of their land, especially in protected areas, but there are still land developments that are not suitable for carrying capacity (21.21%), especially in cultivation areas with risks earthquake disaster. Land use plans that are not in accordance with their carrying capacity must be managed strictly as a tool for disaster mitigation that is urgently needed.
EN
High magnitude flash flood has occurred several times in some areas in Central Sulawesi Province after the 2018 Palu Earthquake, one of them is in the Bangga River, Sigi Regency, Indonesia. It has caused massive impacts such as damaging agricultural and plantation areas and submerging public facilities and infrastructure and even causing fatalities. The flood carries a variety of materials, especially high concentration sediments which are thought to originate from eroded soils due to landslides induced by a 7.5 magnitude earthquake. These materials are eroded and transported by the flow at the upstream watershed due to heavy rainfall. This study intends to investigate the potential of landslides, factors that trigger floods and increased flooding after the earthquake. This research was conducted by investigating the landslides potency based on field surveys and interpretation of the latest satellite imagery, analyzing the characteristics of rainfall as a trigger for flooding, and predicting the flood potency as the primary impact of these two factors. Rainfall-flood transformation was simulated with the HEC-HMS Model, one of the freeware semi-distributed models commonly used in hydrological analysis. The model input is the configuration of river networks generated from the National DEM (DEMNAS), hourly rainfall during floods and other watershed parameters such as land cover, soil types and river slope. The similar simulation was also carried out on the condition of the watershed before the earthquake. Based on the results of the analysis, It can be inferred that flash floods in the Bangga River are mainly caused by heavy rainfall with long duration and landslide areas in the upper watershed triggered by the 2018 Palu Earthquake with an area of approximately 10.8 km2. The greatest depth of rainfall as a trigger for flooding is 30.4 mm with a duration of 8 hours. The results of the study also showed that landslides in the upper watershed could increase the peak flood by 33.33% from 118.56 m3/s to 158.08 m3/s for conditions before and after the earthquake.
EN
The paper presents selected problems of the conversion of the Toyota Tundra truck into an amphibious craft. The vehicle was built as a functional model of the mobile system for command, observation, detection and communication, devised within the research and development project No. 0008R/ T00/2010/11. The scope of the construction works aimed at adapting the vehicle for staying and moving in water has been described. The design works included optimisation of the shape of the immersed part of the watercraft hull while at the same time trying to achieve optimum water flow to the Schottel Pump- Jet propeller, which was proposed as the main water propulsion system. The optimisation was ensured with the use of computer tools as well as numerical fluid mechanics and geometry modelIing methods. Thanks to the computations, the influence of the complicated geometry of vehicle chassis and buoyancy chambers on the stability and power-resistance characteristics and the wave system of the modelled shape when moving in water could be taken into account. Based on the computer model developed, the conversion of the Toyota Tundra vehicle was done, which included the adding of buoyancy chambers and the protection of vehicle driving systems and cab from water penetration. Afterwards, the vehicle having been converted was subjected to manoeuvring triais and tests to determine the maximum floating speed and efficiency of the water propulsion system in order to verify the computations and to test the conversion carried out.
PL
W artykule zostały przedstawione wybrane problemy związane z przebudową samochodu Toyota Tundra na pojazd amfibijny. Pojazd ten został zbudowany jako model funkcjonalny mobilnego systemu dowodzenia, obserwacji, rozpoznania i łączności opracowanego w ramach projektu rozwojowego nr 0008R/T00/2010/11. Omówiono zakres prac konstrukcyjnych związanych z przystosowaniem pojazdu do przebywania i ruchu w wodzie. Prace projektowe obejmowały optymalizację kształtu części zanurzonej pojazdu z uwzględnieniem dopływu wody do pompy strumieniowej . Pump-Jet firmy Schottel jako napędu głównego w wodzie. Optymalizacji dokonano przy pomocy narzędzi komputerowych wykorzystujących numeryczną mechanikę płynów i modelowanie geometrii. Dzięki tym obliczeniom było możliwe uwzględnienie wpływu skomplikowanej geometrii podwozia i komór wypornościowych na charakterystyki statecznościowe, właściwości oporowo napędowe i układ falowy podczas ruch w wodzie zamodelowanego wcześniej kształtu. Na podstawie wypracowanego modelu komputerowego wykonano przebudowę pojazdu Toyota Tundra obejmującą dodanie komór wypornościowych oraz zabezpieczenie układów napędowych i kabiny przed dostaniem się wody. W dalszej kolejności przebudowany pojazd poddano próbom manewrowym, prędkości maksymalnej i sprawności napędu wodnego dla weryfikacji obliczeń i przetestowania dokonanej przebudowy.
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