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Foliar feeding of citric acid mitigates artificial urine and NaCl-induced saline stress in hydroponic sugar beets

Iqbal Muhammad Aamir, Tarikuzzaman Mohammad, Atique Muhammad Saad, Tulona Zannatul Ferdous, Lynam Joan G.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 26, nr 2

221--230

EN

In lunar and deep-space farming, saline stress (SS) induced by human urine in hydroponically grown vegetables constitutes one of the prime concerns in its utilization for plant nutrition. Therefore, an indoor hydroponic trial was performed to assess the effectiveness of foliar feeding of citric acid (CA, 50 μM as two sprays at 26 days and 38 days after germination using a common hand-held sprayer) and the control treatment (a standardized plant nutrient with 10% synthetic urine replacement and 50 mM NaCl-induced SS) for sugar beets. The response variables included vegetative growth traits of sugar beets, such as the height of plants and stem girth along with lengths and fresh weights of leaves, roots, and whole plants. The recorded findings demonstrated that at the fourth week of germination, CA foliar feeding did not produce a statistically significant impact on the leaf width and plant height of sugar beets. However, CA produced 17%, 14%, and 35% taller plants at the six, eight, and ten weeks of germination, respectively. Likewise, the control treatment recorded 32% and 30% smaller leaf widths of sugar beets compared to the CA foliar feeding treatment at the 8 th and 10th weeks of germination, respectively. In addition, it was found that CA foliar feeding was effective in enhancing the stem length and root length by 16% and 38%, respectively compared to the control under SS. Moreover, CA foliar feeding enhanced stem diameter (26%) and root fresh weight (29%) compared to the control treatment. As far as leaf length and fresh weight along with whole plant fresh weight were concerned, foliar feeding of CA demonstrated its effectiveness by producing 32%, 21%, and 42% greater values, respectively compared to the control treatment. Therefore, CA foliar feeding could serve as a potent strategy to mitigate the deleterious effects of saline stress and boost the vegetative growth of hydroponically grown sugar beets.

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Seamless navigation in GPS-denied environment using Lirhot's real time north finding sensor

Voro Shlomi, Lavidor Itamar

Annual of Navigation

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2019

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No. 26

92--97

EN

This paper presents a new type of north finding sensor. The passive optical sensor captures images of the sky at a high frame rate and analyzes them into a polarized map of the sky with a high degree of accuracy. The sensor operates in real time, under various weather and atmospheric conditions. The sensor output shows high heading accuracy relative to the celestial true north. Based upon the NAS-14V2 astronomical method of navigation, it is possible to define the sensor global position on earth.

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Polish astro-geodetic geoid - final results

Rogowski J. B., Barlik M., Bogusz J., Hefty J., Kłęk M., Kujawa L.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 1/76

119-128

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Activities of gravimertic laboratory at Józefosław Astro-geodetic Observatory in the frame of geodynamic investigations

Barlik M., Bogusz J., Olszak T.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 1/76

129-138

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Research programe of the astrogeodetic observatory in Józesław

Rogowski J. B., Bogusz J., Figurski M., Kłęk M., Kruczyk M., Kujawa L., Kurka W., Liwosz T.

Reports on Geodesy

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2004

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nr 2/69

213--233

EN

Astrogedodetic Observatory Józefoslaw was joined to the IGS in 1991 and started to the permanent service in 1993. To day GPS stations JOZE and JOZE working in the frame IGS/EUREF. JOZ2 station participate in IGLOS an EUREF IP pilot projects. Results of tidal gravimetric observations; absolute gravity measurements; changes of the vertical, based on the gravimetric measurements and astrometric observations; hydrological and meteorological observations are the base for study of local deformations model. The results of practical test of RTK and DGPS measurements using mobile phone for data transmission performed since 1998 are also presented in the paper. WUT EUREF Local Analysis Centre, one of the 16 Local Analysis Centres acting in Europe, is a very important part of the Observatory. The Centre makes continuous service of one-week solution in the frame of EUREF network, processes national and international GPS campaigns, models ionosphere and troposphere parameters. The part of this Centre is automatic service for GPS data processing. The results of mentioned above work are presented in the paper.