Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Analysis and evaluation of the behavior of the distance behind a vehicle at a motorway exit

Olejnik Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2025

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nr 83 (155)

80--87

EN

This paper presents considerations for maintaining the necessary distance behind the preceding vehicle in traffic. The special case of the need to exit a motorway from the left-hand lane when there is heavy traffic is analyzed and evaluated. The legislation uniquely does not address such a case. In addition, the special case of entering a motorway has been analyzed and evaluated. When operating vehicles on the roads, we are exposed to non-compliance with the rules and the resulting offences and accidents. The human factor and unreasonable and “out of life” rules contribute enormously to their occurrence. These are from the area of the active safety system in the operation of vehicles on the road. The conclusions point to the need to change the provisions in the current road traffic law and to provide training for car drivers.

2

The triangle of harmonious development of a modern organization - an integrated approach

Suchacka Małgorzata, Żak Monika

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

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z. 218

621--635

EN

Purpose: The aim of this article is to underline and explain the need for comprehensive scientific reflection on the functioning model of organization based on two factors: work and family life with a third element - technology. Design/methodology/approach: The article is a review and discussion. The conclusions presented in the article are the result of non-reactive research based on the analysis of secondary sources - scientific literature. The method of scientific inference was inductive. Sources of information used to write this article are interdisciplinary in nature: in the field of management sciences, sociology, psychology and ethics. Findings: The value of the analysis is the attention focused on an attempt to maintain a balance between all components, i.e. working time, family/private life and technology (tech-life balance. The authors prepared a model in the form of a diagram of overlapping areas and their characteristics that can be used in subsequent empirical studies. For this purpose, the most important theoretical approaches present in the literature of various scientific disciplines concerning, among others, the concepts of work-life balance, sustainable digital footprint and tech-life harmony were conceptualized. Research implications: Future research should consider examining the impact of the highlighted factors on organizational development, providing a more comprehensive analysis of the impact of individual areas on entrepreneurs' decisions. Originality/value: This article presents a holistic perspective of conscious management within the distinguished areas of a harmoniously developing organization. Entrepreneurs can benefit from implementing a holistic management strategy that can improve business efficiency, encourage innovation, and improve coping with business challenges.

3

The role of work-life-balance in effective business management

Kasperczuk Anna, Ćwiąkała Michał, Górka Ernest, Ręczajski Piotr, Mrzygłód Piotr, Frasunkiewicz Maciej, Darcińska-Głębocka Agnieszka, Piwnik Jan, Gardocki Grzegorz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

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z. 215

149--158

EN

Purpose: This paper explores the role of work-life balance (WLB) in enhancing employee motivation. It also examines how balancing professional and personal life impacts business management. Design/methodology/approach: The research used a quantitative methodology and an online survey of 102 individuals. It focused on flexible working hours, private medical care, and company cars. Findings: Flexible working hours were the most effective tool for improving WLB. A positive correlation was found between WLB perception and employee motivation. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited to a specific demographic and geographic scope. Future research could explore diverse cultural and occupational contexts. Practical implications: Flexible working hours and private medical care significantly enhance employee satisfaction. These strategies also strengthen employer branding and reduce turnover. Social implications: Promoting WLB can reduce stress and improve societal well-being. Organisations adopting WLB strategies set benchmarks for corporate social responsibility. Originality/value: This study evaluates WLB tools and their impact on employee motivation. It provides valuable insights for HR managers and organisational leaders.

4

Preparing commanders in a military organisation in the context of threats and security requirements

Sylwestrzak Bartosz

Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces

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2025

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Vol. 57, No.2(216)

85--99

EN

Challenges caused by the destabilisation of the global security system and crises of both military and non-military nature in the modern world are forcing an innovative approach to personnel management in uniformed services responsible for internal security (i.e. public order and rescue services) as well as external security (military). Team leaders in these services should have specific qualifications and competencies in relation not only to the tasks they perform, but also to expectations and attitudes of the rest of society. The changes taking place in individual social groups, the professional mobility of society, the mixing of cultures and traditions mean that academic solutions for training and preparing officers and commanders to lead teams in such services should be thoroughly modified and supplemented with new solutions stemming from social needs and expectations.

PL

Wyzwania spowodowane destabilizacją systemu bezpieczeństwa światowego oraz kryzysami o charakterze militarnym i niemilitarnym we współczesnym świecie wymuszają nowatorskie podejście do zarządzania kadrami w służbach mundurowych, odpowiedzialnych za bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne (tj. porządek publiczny, ratownictwo) oraz bezpieczeństwo zewnętrzne (militarne). Liderzy zespołów w tych służbach powinni legitymować się określonymi kwalifikacjami i kompetencjami w odniesieniu nie tylko do wykonywanych zadań, ale także w stosunku do oczekiwań i postaw pozostałej części społeczeństwa. Zmiany zachodzące w poszczególnych grupach społecznych, mobilność zawodowa społeczeństwa, mieszanie się kultur i tradycji powodują, że akademickie rozwiązania w zakresie szkolenia i przygotowywania oficerów oraz dowódców do kierowania zespołami w takich służbach powinny zostać gruntownie zmodyfikowane i uzupełnione o nowe rozwiązania wynikające z potrzeb i oczekiwań społecznych.

5

Using logistic mapping to determine the size of the set of autonomous vehicles in the monitored area

Więckowski Dariusz

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2025

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R. 101, nr 3

281--285

EN

The work is related to the issue of collecting and processing data on the number and type of vehicles in the monitored area. Attention was paid to mobility not only on roads, but also in space, without traffic jams and stress and without a driver. It was noted that, regarding drivers, many publications refer to research related to their physical fitness, mental fitness, knowledge, skills and attitudes. Very often, a characteristic parameter is selected, i.e. reaction time (braking, avoiding obstacles). The paper presents a method for supporting the management of autonomous vehicle traffic organization. Issues such as maintaining an appropriate distance between vehicles to avoid collisions were taken into account, making it possible to achieve driving velocities appropriate to given traffic conditions. The attention was paid to maintaining a smooth ride by limiting acceleration and braking, which results in energy reduction, and at the same time it is possible to optimize the energy recovery process in the case of electric drives. For this purpose, a control and management model was proposed. Logistic mapping was used also for this purpose. The logistic mapping allows us to explain specific processes with planned flow parameters. A function describing the model was proposed. A model for analysing the growth of the vehicle fleet on a year-to-year basis over a 12-year period is presented. The model proposed in this work eliminates subjective issues because it refers to objects moving without the participation of the operator (driver). A stability criterion was proposed. A logistic mapping stability process was carried out.

PL

Praca dotyczy zagadnienia gromadzenia i przetwarzania danych o liczbie i rodzaju pojazdów na monitorowanym obszarze. Zwrócono uwagę na mobilność nie tylko na drogach, ale także w przestrzeni, bez korków i stresu oraz bez kierowcy. Zauważono, że w odniesieniu do kierowców wiele publikacji odwołuje się do badań związanych z ich sprawnością fizyczną, sprawnością psychiczną, wiedzą, umiejętnościami i postawami. Bardzo często wybierany jest charakterystyczny parametr, tj. czas reakcji (hamowanie, omijanie przeszkód). W artykule przedstawiono metodę wspomagania zarządzania organizacją ruchu pojazdów autonomicznych. Uwzględniono takie zagadnienia, jak utrzymanie odpowiedniej odległości między pojazdami w celu uniknięcia kolizji, co pozwala na osiągnięcie prędkości jazdy odpowiednich do danych warunków ruchu. Zwrócono uwagę na utrzymanie płynności jazdy poprzez ograniczenie przyspieszania i hamowania, co skutkuje redukcją energii, a jednocześnie możliwa jest optymalizacja procesu odzyskiwania energii w przypadku napędów elektrycznych. W tym celu zaproponowano model sterowania i zarządzania. Wykorzystano w tym celu mapowanie logistyczne. Mapowanie logistyczne pozwala na wyjaśnienie określonych procesów z zaplanowanymi parametrami przepływu. Zaproponowano funkcję opisującą model. Przedstawiono model do analizy wzrostu floty pojazdów w ujęciu rok do roku w okresie 12 lat. Model zaproponowany w tej pracy eliminuje kwestie subiektywne, ponieważ odnosi się do obiektów poruszających się bez udziału operatora (kierowcy). Zaproponowano kryterium stabilności. Przeprowadzono proces mapowania stabilności logistycznej.

6

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Stiffness of the FPR Composite Mast of an A-Class Catamaran (A-Cat) with Sensitivity Analysis

Ferenc Tomasz, Mikulski Tomasz

Polish Maritime Research

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2025

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nr 4

132--141

EN

The paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the stiffness of an A-class catamaran (A-Cat) mast. The structure has a constant, prismatic cross-section and is made from fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) multilayered laminate. The material parameters of the structure were identified. Then, static tests were conducted using a simply supported beam configuration, where supports were established at the beginning of the mast length and at the rigging attachment point. A computational model of the mast was created and analysed using the finite element method (FEM). A sensitivity analysis was performed on a validated model, from which sensitivity coefficients were obtained. On this basis, it was possible to determine how the structure could be modified to obtain the expected deformation, i.e. the maximum displacement of a selected point on the mast or the shape of the mast bending under a given load.

7

Prawne aspekty organizacji budowy lub przebudowy dróg publicznych spowodowanych inwestycjami prywatnymi

Pernal Arleta, Harat Andrzej

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 9 (29)

23--32

EN

The development and implementation of road and transport infrastructure is not always a goal in the public interest. Private entities implementing their own projects are frequently interested in the possibility of building new road sections or adapting the existing road systems to their own plans and transport needs. The existing regulations contained in art. 16 of the Public Roads Act and the Civil Code enable cooperation in this field between road managers and private investors, offering numerous benefits to the parties that enter into mutual agreement in this matter, but also imposing on them certain obligations. The agreements in question may constitute one of the factors promoting a dynamic development of administrative units and enabling the construction of housing estates, office buildings, commercial facilities, warehouses, logistics centers and many other facilities in areas without a convenient road system. Everything is done in cooperation with public administration bodies. Naturally, the process of preparing, implementing and managing a construction project is a complicated and difficult issue. The current circumstances of economic, resource and material uncertainty may pose a significant threat to the implementation of a construction project. Nevertheless, a factor necessary to achieve satisfactory goals is mutual involvement of the parties in the appropriate preparation of the project, as well as finding an optimal solution that does not place an excessive financial burden on the private investor and, at the same time, guarantees the achievement of the assumed goal.

8

Ocena stanu troficznego wód zbiornika Tresna na podstawie stężenia chlorofilu

Jachniak Ewa, Wilman Marek

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 9 (29)

39--50

EN

The aim of this research was to assess the state of eutrophication of the Tresna dam reservoir. Knowledge of the degree of eutrophication of the reservoir water is very important, because water with a high degree of eutrophication is often unsuitable for use (especially recreational and water supply). The trophic state was determined based on chlorophyll a concentrations. In addition, the species composition of planktonic algae in the reservoir water was also analyzed in the summer period. The water samples for research were taken during the vegetation season in 2023 year during 5 months (from May to September) from two research points – T1 (the beach area in Zarzecze) and T2 (the area of the dam in Tresna). Chlorophyll a concentrations in the area of the beach in Zarzecze exceeded the lower limit values for mesotrophy for most of the study period. In turn, in May and August, they indicated the eutrophic nature of the reservoir water. The average concentration of chlorophyll a in the study period in this region (7.24 μg/dm3) indicates the mesotrophic character of the water. In turn, chlorophyll a concentrations at the research site in Tresna (near the reservoir dam) were more variable during the research period and they indicated a state from oligotrophy to eutrophy. The average chlorophyll a concentration (5,27 μg/dm3) while allowed to classify the water of this region as mesotrophic. The dominant taxa of algae in the water samples were Fragilaria crotonensis, Asterionella formosa (diatoms), Pediastrum duplex and Gloeotil-la (green algae) and Ceratium hirundinella (dinoflagellates). The numerous presence of Fragi-laria crotonensis and Asterionella formosa in the samples may indicate an increase in the level of eutrophication, because they live in large numbers in eutrophic water and sometimes creating blooms. In turn, the presence of the dinoflagellate Ceratium hirundinella may confirm a more temporarily moderate the level of fertility in the reservoir water and a small amount of organic compounds.

9

Quantum key distribution-as-a-service for end-to-end security in multi-orchestrated 6G networks

Lasota Mikołaj, Batalla Jordi Mongay, Sujecki Sławomir, Ahmadian Azadeh, Pajewski Łukasz, Kolenderski Piotr

Opto-Electronics Review

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2025

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Vol. 33, No. 3

art. no. e155875

EN

This paper introduces quantum key distribution-as-a-service (QKDaaS) to address the end-to-end security challenges posed by the involvement of multiple orchestrators in 6G networks. These networks require seamless coordination of processes from endpoints to services, with tiered components supporting data-driven and cross-layer predictive procedures. While multi-party (spanning multiple domains, tenants, and providers) enhances local security through advanced controls, it also complicates the implementation of an end-to-end security framework that is essential for mobile network operators. To address this issue, we propose QKDaaS, a secure platform that leverages a fibre transport network for credential and encryption key distribution in multi-party environments. The solution uses wavelength multiplexing to integrate quantum and classical channels within a single fibre. Both C-band and O-band quantum channels are considered, with classical communication in the C-band. The simulation results show that with the currently available experimental setup and mobile network requirements, secure keys can be generated for distances approaching 100 km in the C-band and 60 km in the O-band case. This means that QKDaaS can be deployed in mobile network operators’ current transport infrastructures.

10

Comparison of different methods of extinguishing of the group A fire

Drzymała Tomasz, Mortka Piotr, Gałaj Jerzy

Materiały Budowlane

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2025

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nr 7

202--212

EN

The article presents a comparative analysis of various methods used in practice to extinguish group A fires in terms of their effectiveness and usefulness. The scope of the article includes performing tests of extinguishing group A fires, in accordance with the available methods discussed in Polish Standards. During the tests, various means were used to combat group A fires, including: ABC powder in a fire extinguisher and water supplied as a mist. Additionally, sprays, blankets and fire extinguishing sheets were used, as well as sorbent and CO2 and BC powder extinguishers. All tests were performed in accordance with the conditions of the PN-EN 3-7:2004+A1:2008 standard. This allowed obtaining comparable results. During the tests, the extinguishing effectiveness of water in the form of mist, extinguishing spray and ABC powder was confirmed. As an alternative extinguishing method, the best proved to be the application of a sheet and fire blankets, which effectively cut off the oxygen supply. The use of CO2 and BC powder extinguishers allowed for the delay of wood burning. The remaining extinguishing agents were ineffective as they did not fully extinguish the fire.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę porównawczą różnych sposobów gaszenia pożarów grupy A stosowanych w praktyce pod względem ich skuteczności i przydatności. Zakres artykułu obejmuje badania gaszenia pożarów grupy A, zgodnie z dostępnymi metodami omówionymi w Polskich Normach. Podczas badań wykorzystane zostały różne środki mające na celu zwalczanie pożarów grupy A, m.in.: proszek ABC w gaśnicy oraz woda podawana jako mgła. Dodatkowo zastosowano spraye, koce i płachty gaśnicze, a także użyto sorbentu i gaśnic na CO2 oraz proszkowych BC. Wszystkie badania wykonano z zachowaniem warunków zgodnych z normą PN-EN 3-7:2004+A1:2008. Pozwoliło to na otrzymanie porównywalnych wyników. Podczas badań potwierdzono skuteczność gaśniczą wody w postaci mgły, sprayu gaśniczego oraz proszku ABC. Jako alternatywna metoda gaśnicza najlepiej sprawdziło się nakładanie płachty i koców gaśniczych, które skutecznie odcinały dopływ tlenu. Zastosowanie gaśnic na CO2 oraz gaśnic proszkowych BC spowodowało opóźnienie palenia się drewna. Pozostałe środki gaśnicze były nieskuteczne, ponieważ nie ugasiły w pełni pożaru.

11

Solving the Problem of Large Construction Safe Operation

Panda Anton, Nahornyi Volodymyr, Shcherbina Sergey, Mostovoy Vasily

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2025

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nr 4 (33)

525--530

EN

Bridge construction has a significant amount of data on the periods of trouble-free operation of bridges of various designs and purposes. These data serve as a reliable basis for developing schedules of planned preventive inspections and repairs of bridge structures. However, the statistical nature of this information does not exclude the occurrence of seemingly unpredictable events (destruction of the road surface, loss of stability and destruction of the load-bearing elements of the bridge structure). These events usually occur suddenly, although this is only an external manifestation of hidden processes that occur naturally in the structure up to a certain point in time starting from the moment it is put into operation. To outline these processes, the presented article proposes to describe the bridge structure as a dynamic system developing in an “acute mode”. The mathematical model describing such a dynamic system contains a parameter equal to the time coordinate when a radical change in the law of development of the controlled dynamic system occurs. The testing of the bridge life using forecasting methodology was carried out on the example of a cable-stayed bridge and confirmed its effectiveness.

12

Possibilities of Increasing the Efficiency of Production Systems by Using an Additional Capacitive Element

Michlowicz Edward

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2025

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nr 3 (33)

393--400

EN

The continuity of the flow of materials needed for correct operation of manufacturing systems can be achieved using different means and control methods. These objectives can be achieved through the use of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). Specific effects can also be achieved by using additional capacitive elements in device systems (manufacturing lines). In this paper to be considered is a system with a serial structure and an additional capacitive element (the position within the system and the capacity of the element are determined). The capacitive element divides the system into two subsystems: the part delivering the material to the buffer (DP) and the part receiving the material (RP). The time lost due to unplanned interruptions in the operation of the production system equipment is described by the MTTR (Mean Time to Repair) indicator. The analysis of the system’s operation used the failure index, which is directly related to the MTTR index. To study the system, a method involving the analysis of states and a digital simulation are used. To assess the system with an additional capacitive, a production performance indicator is used. The obtained results allow for conclusions on the possibilities for improving the effectiveness of manufacturing systems using the proposed method.

13

Improvement of Thermophysical Characteristics of Polymer Coatings for Protecting Water Transport by Using a Mixture of Discrete Organic Fibers

Sapronov Oleksandr, Buketov Andriy, Sapronova Lyudmila, Mokiy Oleksandr, Vorobiov Pavlo, Banha Mykhailo, Straka Ľuboslav

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2025

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nr 4 (33)

576--585

EN

This work presents the technological aspects of the reinforcement of the thermosetting binder to improve the thermophysical characteristics of polymeric materials and protective coatings based on them. Epoxy binder ED-20 was used to form polymer materials, which were polymerized with polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) in the ratio: 100 parts by weight of ED-20 epoxy oligomer and 10 parts by weight of PEPA hardener. A mixture of discrete organic fibers with the content of q = 0.25-2.00 wt.% was used to improve the thermophysical properties of polymer materials. The key parameters for determining the temperature range for the future operation of the designed composite materials without changing their properties were defined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The maximum temperature of the mass loss beginning is Т0 = 624.0°K; the relative mass loss is εm = 65.7%; the initial temperature of the exoeffect is Тn = 475.5°K; and the maximum temperature of the exoeffect peak is Tmax = 545.5°K. The mathematical calculation of the activation energy of thermal destruction was performed to determine the resistance to the degradation of chemical bonds under the temperature influence. It has been proven that composites filled with a discrete organic fiber mixture with the content of q = 0.75 wt.% are characterized by the maximum activation energy (Ea = 167.2 kJ/mol), which indicates the thermal stability of reinforced composites.

14

First comparison of selected fat-soluble vitamins of edible tissues of invasive Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in the Oder estuary (Baltic Sea)

Czerniejewski Przemysław, Bogacka Anna, Heberlej Angelika N.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2025

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no. 65

141--150

EN

In Europe, Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) are invasive catadromous crustaceans that are increasingly prevalent and at the same time actively removed from the aquatic environment. In contrast, in Asia, the muscles, hepatopancreas, and gonads of these crustaceans are a traditional source of food with high nutritional value. A significant abundance of these crustaceans found in the southern Baltic Sea watershed, along with findings from previous studies on their nutritional value, indicate that the meat of these crabs could serve as an additional food source for both humans and animals, including in Europe. When evaluating the meat’s worth, vitamin content plays a crucial role, which remains unknown in individuals from invasive populations. The aim of this study was to assess the content of fat-soluble vitamins A, E, and D in the edible parts of male and female crabs during two migratory seasons: spring and autumn. The results showed that the average content of vitamins A, D, and E in the edible parts of Chinese mitten crabs was 0.226 ±0.143 ng∙mg-1, 0.844 ±0.683 ng∙mg-1, and 1.418 ±1.199 μg∙mg-1, respectively. Muscles exhibited the highest content of vitamins A and D, while the hepatopancreas contained the most vitamin E. Smaller differences in vitamin content were noted between the sex of the crabs and the seasons of migration. The results show that Chinese mitten crabs can be a valuable source of vitamins A, E, and D, opening potential opportunities for utilizing their meat in the food industry and as a dietary supplement.

15

Londyn. Pod Tamizą wybudowano Superkolektor ściekowy

Kwinta Wojciech

Inżynieria Bezwykopowa

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2025

|

nr 1

78 -- 85

PL

Z tekstu dowiesz się: jak długo trwało drążenie tuneli, kiedy ostatecznie zakończono prace, jakie znaczenie ma superkolektor.

16

Evaluation of configurations of AWS Lambda functions

Bluemke Ilona, Zdanowski Arkadiusz

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2025

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Vol. 71, No. 3

11

EN

AWS Lambda is a widely used serverless computing service that executes code in response to events and automatically manages the underlying hardware resources. Lambda integrates with many AWS services and offers two processor architecture options for running functions: x86_64 (CISC) and arm64 (RISC). Determining the optimal settings for the lowest cost or execution time is not straightforward due to performance variations between processor architectures, the wide range of configuration options, and the workload-dependent nature of function execution efficiency. We developed a tool which we used in experiments examining different configurations and processors architectures for several algorithms. In this paper two of such experiments are presented in detail.

17

Efficient transient simulation of efuse

Jaworski Zbigniew

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2025

|

Vol. 71, No. 3

29

EN

This paper presents a novel approach to model effuse device. An efuse is a simple semiconductor device which can be referred to as a programmable resistor and is available in many modern CMOS technologies. The efuse resistance can be changed by burning procedure, i.e. applying specific electric current value for particular time. The new efuse resistance is retained permanently. The typical efuse application is one-time programmable (OTP) memory. However, process design kits do not provide any model covering the transition from initial to burned state. Thus, verification of programming of an OTP cell is practically impossible. To address this problem, a behavioral Verilog-A model of efuse has been developed. This paper presents the model and its application to verify the example OTP cell designed in 22 nm FD-SOI technology. The proposed model is easy to use and to allow for effective transient simulation of efuse-based designs.

18

Gospodarka odpadami budowlanymi i rozbiórkowymi

Jasek Wiktoria Eulalia, Szafraniak Dominik Jonatan, Głowacka Anna, Zemski Łukasz, Bednarek Roman

Instal

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2025

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nr 4

46--50

PL

Efektywne zarządzanie surowcami wtórnymi pochodzącymi z budowy, remontu i prac wyburzeniowych pozwala oszczędzić pieniądze i ograniczyć destrukcję środowiska. W artykule omówiono, ile odpadów budowlanych wytwarza się w Polsce porównując do innych krajów zrzeszonych w Unii Europejskiej. Wskazano hierarchię postępowania z odpadami i podano proporcje zagospodarowania uzyskiwanych z rozbiórek materiałów. W artykule poddano analizie odpady z rozbiórki obiektu sportowego określając, na podstawie danych zawartych w Kartach Przekazania Odpadów i dostarczonych od firmy rozbiórkowej, jakich surowców i ich proporcji w stosunku do siebie można spodziewać się po rozbiórce konstrukcji o podobnej technologii wznoszenia i przeznaczenia. Zebrane informacje pozwoliły wskazać, że największa ilość wywożonych w tym przypadku odpadów to gleba i ziemia, a dalej odpowiednio gruz betonowy, ceglany i zmieszany, którego proporcje znacząco różnić się mogą w zależności od rodzaju rozbieranej konstrukcji. Określono przewidywaną masę odpadów z podziałem na poszczególne frakcje odpadów dla obiektów o identycznej technologii wznoszenia.

EN

Effective management of secondary raw materials from the construction, renovation and demolishing buildings site saves money and reduces environmental destruction. The article discusses how much construction waste is generated in Poland compared to other countries associated in the European Union. The waste hierarchy is indicated and the proportions of materials obtained from demolition are given. In the article, an analysis was conducted on the waste generated from the demolition of a sports facility, determining the types of materials and their proportions based on the data contained in the Waste Transfer Notes provided by the demolition company. The collected information enabled the identification of predominant types of waste expected from the demolition of structures with similar construction technologies and intended purposes. The findings indicated that the largest volume of waste removed in this instance comprised soil and earth, followed by concrete rubble, brick debris, and mixed materials, the proportions of which may vary significantly depending on the type of structure being demolished. The expected weight of waste was determined, broken down into individual waste fractions for facilities with identical construction technology.

19

Statistical reliability of decisions on controlled process faults

Volodarskyi Yevhen, Kozyr Oleh, Warsza Zygmunt L.

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

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2025

|

T. 15, nr 1

5--9

EN

The article considers the issues of using control charts to detect the disruption of the technological process. The possible influence of measurement error on the correctness of decisions is considered. To ensure the statistical reliability of the decisions made, their plausibility, a priori probability is used. The effectiveness of assessing the compliance of the technological process with established standards is discussed, when the distributions of possible values of its parameters and errors of their measurements are uniform.

PL

W artykule rozważono kwestie wykorzystania kart kontrolnych do wykrywania zakłóceń procesu technologicznego. Uwzględniono możliwy wpływ błędu pomiarowego na poprawność podejmowanych decyzji. Dla zapewnienia statystycznej wiarygodności podejmowanych decyzji wykorzystuje się ich prawdopodobieństwo a priori. Omówiono skuteczność oceny zgodności procesu technologicznego z ustalonymi standardami, gdy rozkłady możliwych wartości jego parametrów i błędów ich pomiarów są jednorodne.

20

Influence of waste from ferroalloy production on the color and properties of clinker ceramics

Jarząb Daniel, Kraus Karolina, Gubernat Agnieszka, Lach Radosław

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2025

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Vol. 41, iss. 1

181--196

EN

The paper presents research conducted as part of the project from priority axis 1 Knowledge economy of the Regional Operational Programme for the Małopolska Region for 2014-2020, entitled: “Małopolska Region for 2014-2020, entitled: “Development of a technology for the production of pigment for dyeing red ceramics with the use of MnSi waste generated in the production of ferroalloys with contract number RPMP.01.02.01-12-0497/17-00”. On the basis of the studies of the phase composition of XRD, compressive strength, absorbability, and color measurements in the CIEL*a*b* and CIEL*C*h° color space, it has been shown that it is possible to use MnSi waste containing large amounts of manganese oxides, formed in the production of ferroalloys. The waste (pigments) used for the study differed significantly in the content of manganese and silicon. It was found that the addition of both pigments does not change the phase composition and does not have a significant effect on the functional properties of clinker bricks but changes their color. The color becomes less saturated.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono badania zrealizowane w ramach projektu I osi priorytetowej gospodarki wiedzy regionalnego programu operacyjnego województwa małopolskiego na lata 2014-2020, pt.: „Opracowanie technologii produkcji pigmentu do barwienia ceramiki czerwonej z wykorzystaniem odpadu MnSi powstającego przy produkcji żelazostopów o numerze umowy RPMP.01.02.01-12-0497/17-00”. Na podstawie badań składu fazowego metodą dyfrakcji promieniowania rentgenowskiego XRD, wytrzymałości na ściskanie, nasiąkliwości wodnej i pomiarów barwy w przestrzeniach barw CIEL*a*b* i CIEL*C*h° wykazano, że istnieje możliwość wykorzystania odpadów MnSi zawierających duże ilości tlenków manganu, powstających w produkcji żelazostopów. Wykorzystane do badań odpady (pigmenty) w sposób istotny różniły się zawartością manganu i krzemu. Zastosowane dwie masy przemysłowe wykazywały natomiast różne zawartości SiO2. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że dodatek obu pigmentów nie zmienia składu fazowego, nie ma istotnego wpływu na właściwości użytkowe cegieł klinkierowych takie jak wytrzymałość na ściskanie (ok. 40 MPa) i nasiąkliwość wodna (< 7%), ale zmienia ich barwę. Barwa staje się przede wszystkim mniej nasycona, co widoczne jest przez zmniejszanie się parametru C*. Cegły tracą barwę pomarańczowo-czerwoną, stają się szare. Należy jednak zaznaczyć, że postrzeganie barwy i odczucia z nią związane zależą od indywidualnego odbiorcy. Wyniki badań zachęcają do wykorzystania odpadów MnSi w produkcji ceramiki budowlanej.