Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Nieinwazyjne rozpoznanie podziemi kościoła pw. Świętego Ducha w Wilnie przy użyciu skanowania laserowego (LIDAR) oraz metody georadarowej (GPR)

Czyż Anna Sylwia, Welc Fabian

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

|

2023

|

Nr 76

185--198

PL

Celem pierwszych nieinwazyjnych badań – pomiarówgeofizycznych i skanowań laserowych w techniceLIDAR – przeprowadzonych wewnątrz kościoła wileńskiegobyło wstępne rozpoznanie struktury podziemii ich powiązanie z częścią nadziemną. Wykonanieponad 200 profilowań w obrębie kilku poligonów pomiarowycho zróżnicowanych rozmiarach i lokalizacjipotwierdziło obecność dwukondygnacyjnych podziemi.Na całej przebadanej powierzchni, tuż poniżejposadzki, widoczne są liczne punktowe strefy wzmocnieniasygnału, które należy wiązać z posadowieniempłytek ceramicznej podłogi. Na poziomie około 0,5 mponiżej poziomu gruntu, w centralnej części kościołana uzyskanych obrazach GPR widoczny jest podział napoprzecznie rozdzielone segmenty, które odpowiadająprzejściu fali EM przez sklepienia centralnego pomieszczeniawspartego na filarach, które zadokumentowanoskaningiem laserowym w formie modelu 3D.

EN

The objective of the first non-invasive research—ageophysical survey and laser scan using LIDAR technology—performed in the church in Vilnius was toinitially explore the underground structures and mapthem to the overground part of the building. Over200 profiles obtained in a few measuring polygons ofvarious sizes and locations confirmed the presenceof two-levelled crypts. On the entire surveyed surface,just below the floor surface, there are numerouspoints of signal amplification zones, which shouldbe associated with the fixing of ceramic floor tiles. Atapprox. 0.50 m below the ground level, in the centralpart of the church, the GPR images show a divisioninto transversely separated segments which correlatewith the passage of the EM wave through the vaultsof the central room supported by columns. It wasdocumented by laser scanning in the form of a 3Dmodel.

2

Applying ground penetrating radar to tracking of ancient architectural transformations: The case of the monastery St. Peter on the Island of Rab (Croatia)

Welc Fabian, Konestra Ana

Studia Quaternaria

|

2023

|

Vol. 40, Nr 1

3--15

EN

The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) method has been used for many years in archaeological research. However, this method is still not widely used in studies of past architecture. The biggest problem with the implementation of the GPR method at such sites is usually connected with extensive debris layers, plant cover and standing relics of walls and other features that restrict the available measurement area. Despite of these, properly performed GPR surveys, even on a small area, can yield significant information concerning underground architectural relicts. Moreover, the results of GPR profiling integrated with historical and archeological data allow for three-dimensional reconstruction of the examined architectural monuments and in the next step, they track architectural transformations. Relics of the Romanesque St. Peter monastery, located in the northern part of the Island of Rab, is a good example of the successful GPR survey. Results of the performed geophysical reconnaissance in conjunction with the query of archival materials made it possible to visualize a spatial (3D) appearance of three main phases of the site architectural development, despite a very limited area available for geophysical survey. According to the authors, such a comprehensive approach should be a standard in contemporary geophysical research focused on relics of the past architecture.

3

Earliest cereal cultivation in Egypt recorded in the Faiyum Oasis lake deposits and its palaeoclimatic context

Welc Fabian, Marks Leszek, Milecka Krystyna

Geological Quarterly

|

2023

|

Vol. 67, No. 2

art. no. 21

EN

We determine the beginning of the Neolithic farming in northern Egypt, based on analysis of core FA-1 of lake deposits in the Faiyum Oasis in northern Egypt. Regular lamination of the early Middle Holocene lake deposits, supported by radiocarbon dating and pollen analysis, indicates the earliest occurrence of domesticated cereals at ~7.8 cal ka BP in this region. The appearance of cereals in the Faiyum region was possible due to fundamental restructuring of regional climatic conditions caused by the changing atmospheric circulation in the eastern Mediterranean region. Stronger northwestern winds were accompanied by increased precipitation in winter and enabled 3 farming phases in the Faiyum Oasis at 7.8–7.6, 7.4–7.2 and 7.0–6.8 cal ka BP, separated by arid episodes with predominant southern winds. Most probably, cereal cultivation concentrated inside local wadis to the north of the lake and was rainfall-dependent. Therefore, early Egyptian farming did not develop based on irrigation systems as commonly thought, but was rain-fed, this being possible due to marked climate change at the beginning of the Middle Holocene.

4

Using GIS in the diachronic study of late roman settlement transformations: preliminary data and possible relations to environment change in the north-eastern Adriatic

Welc Fabian, Konestra Ana, Androić Gračanin Paula, Nowacki Bartosz

GIS Odyssey Journal

|

2021

|

Vol. 1, no. 1

189--207

EN

In the paper the use of GIS to diachronically analyse the settlement pattern detected through archaeological research is illustrated on the case study of the island of Rab (NE Adriatic, Croatia) and correlated with a model of the island's economic output, its environmental features and available data on regional changing climatic conditions. The obtained results are then interpreted within a wider Adriatic setting and a current theoretical framework which allows to correlate socio-economic and environmental indicators in the interpretation of archaeologically detected changes in the use of the landscape.

5

Unique finds in palynological spectra: acetolyze resistant vegetative forms of freshwater dinoflagellate based on the Lake Młynek record from northeastern Poland

Bińka Krzysztof, Welc Fabian, Nitychoruk Jerzy, Sieradz Dominika, Lewczuk Antoni

Studia Quaternaria

|

2020

|

Vol. 37, Nr 2

59--67

EN

The freshwater dinoflagellate represent microfossils which are very rarely noted in lake deposits. In Late Holocene sediments of the Lake Młynek, the Iława Lakeland, northern Poland, we identified intense blooms of algae of the genus Palatinus. They occurred primarily in the period of strong human impact during expansion of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Order. The most amazing thing is that samples in which conventional palynological maceration has been used dinoflagellate are represented by armored vegetative forms instead of cysts. During this laboratory processes, especially acetolysis, cellulosic thecae of armored forms should be destructed. This is the second known example of acetolysis resistant thecae of modern dinoflagellate, built by substance other than cellulose. Palatinus blooms were associated probably with the hydrotechnical works made by Teutonic Knights in the catchment, which caused supply and discharge of micronutrients e.g. selenium in the basin.

6

Results of geophysical scanning of a Roman senatorial villa in the Santa Marina Bay (Croatia, Istria) using the amplitude data comparison method (ADCM)

Welc Fabian, Rousse Corinne, Bencic Gaetano

Studia Quaternaria

|

2020

|

Vol. 37, Nr 2

79--90

EN

The article presents application of the new geophysical amplitude data comparison method (ADCM), resulting from integrated geophysical survey using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry. The ADCM was applied to recognize the horizontal and vertical stratigraphy of a Roman senatorial villa located in Santa Marina (western part of Croatian Istria). The measurements were carried out in 2017−2019 at this site, accompanied by a use of GPR and gradientometer. These two methods significantly differ from each other, but on the other hand, they are complementary to some extent. This is due to the fact that the methods register different types of underground materials. The GPR records electromagnetic waves reflected from real buried remains or boundaries between geological or archaeological layers that differ significantly in electrical properties. The magnetic method, in turn, records the anomalies of the magnetic field intensity resulting from the underground concentration of ferromagnetic minerals, hence it is ideal for searching structures filled with organic matter or burning material. However, a separate usage of these methods does not guarantee a full picture of archaeological structures that are preserved underground. Only the application of the ADCM allowed for a comparison of GPR and magnetic amplitude data reading, following which a spatial image (2D and 3D) of the preserved archaeological structures and the geological stratigraphy of the Santa Maria site were obtained.

7

Geoarchaeological evidence of late and post-Antiquity (5th-9th c. AD) climate changes recorded at the Roman site in Plemići Bay (Zadar region, Croatia)

Welc Fabian

Studia Quaternaria

|

2019

|

Vol. 36, Nr 1

3--17

EN

Remains of a vast Roman pottery production complex were found on the shore of the Plemići Bay (Općina Ražanac, Zadar county) in 2012, and confirmed by geophysical survey. Ground-penetrating radar measurements revealed outline of a rectangular building that finds analogies with Roman storehouses (horreum). The area occupied by remains of the Roman pottery workshop was covered by immense soil-debris flows. Three geological exposures located to the north of the remains of the Roman building were documented using lithological and malacological analysis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The profiles revealed at least three generations of slope sediments, formed in result of intensive soil or debris flows in a dry climate, most probably in 5th c. AD. In the next, wet phase sediments were transported downslope and deposited on the Roman structures after 5th c. AD. Environmental conditions at Pelmići were supply with paleoclimate evidence from the Adriatic region. At ca. 1.5 cal. BP lake levels in the eastern Adriatic area were drastically reduced, probably because of strong decrease in humidity, correlated with the so-called North Atlantic Bond event 3. The drought was followed by a humid episode, also attested at the Plemići archaeological site.