Ograniczanie wyników
Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 132

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 7 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  localization
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 7 next fast forward last
EN
The market for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), along with their associated applications and services, has been developing at a rapid pace in recent years. One of the key emerging trends is the use of UAV swarms, which enable the execution of complex tasks more efficiently than single platforms. Effective control of such a swarm, whether by a human operator or autonomously, requires maintaining safe distances between individual UAVs. This, in turn, necessitates precise navigation and mutual localization within the swarm, posing both technical and operational challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in relative localization techniques within UAV swarms. With the increasing interest in UAV swarm applications for tasks such as search and rescue, surveillance, and delivery, accurate and reliable localization methods have become critical for maintaining formation and avoiding collisions. The paper categorizes localization approaches into cooperative methods and autonomous sensing and further classifies them by the type of sensor used: optical, radio frequency, and acoustic. For each category, representative technologies, and algorithms, such as ultra-wideband (UWB), received signal strength indication (RSSI), angle of arrival (AOA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based vision systems, are discussed, along with their strengths, limitations, and suitability for Global Positioning System (GPS)-denied environments. The paper concludes with an identification of current research gaps, including the challenges of sensor array integration on UAV platforms and the influence of environmental interference on localization accuracy.
EN
This research tackles the ongoing challenge of unsustainable urban growth in Algeria by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to enhance site selection for sustainable urban initiatives in M’Sila. The study used AHP’s systematic approach to develop a regional suitability map, including environmental, social, and economic factors. This differs from earlier ad-hoc methods, offering a clear and impartial assessment via pairwise comparisons. The resultant map delineates regions that reconcile project demands with sustainability goals. The versatility, openness, and ability of AHP to incorporate both quantitative and qualitative data are emphasized as primary strengths. The research highlights AHP’s substantial impact on enhancing urban planning in a resource-limited context, while recognizing constraints including data availability and subjective qualitative evaluations. The produced suitability map indicates that 46.31% (106.94 km²) of M’Sila is classified as very suitable, 21.44% (49.51 km²) as moderately suitable, 10.14% (23.42 km²) as weakly suitable, and 3.64% (8.41 km²) as unsuitable for sustainable urban growth. The technique included a two-phase process: the AHP phase is succeeded by GIS-based spatial representation. The results provide a crucial resource for Algerian policymakers and stakeholders, facilitating evidence-based decision-making and a transition to sustainable urban development methods amid rising urbanization and resource constraints. The research indicates that AHP offers a robust framework for addressing the difficulties of urban planning in resource-limited environments.
PL
Niniejsze badania podejmują trwające wyzwanie niezrównoważonego rozwoju obszarów miejskich w Algierii, wykorzystując proces hierarchii analitycznej (AHP) w celu usprawnienia wyboru lokalizacji dla zrównoważonych inicjatyw miejskich w M'Sila. W badaniu wykorzystano systematyczne podejście AHP do opracowania regionalnej mapy przydatności, obejmującej czynniki środowiskowe, społeczne i ekonomiczne. Różni się to od wcześniejszych metod ad hoc, oferując jasną i bezstronną ocenę poprzez porównania parami. Powstała mapa wyznacza regiony, które godzą wymagania projektu z celami zrównoważonego rozwoju. Wszechstronność, otwartość i zdolność AHP do uwzględniania zarówno danych ilościowych, jak i jakościowych są podkreślane jako główne mocne strony. Badania podkreślają znaczący wpływ AHP na usprawnienie planowania miejskiego w kontekście ograniczonych zasobów, przy jednoczesnym rozpoznaniu ograniczeń, w tym dostępności danych i subiektywnych ocen jakościowych. Wytworzona mapa przydatności wskazuje, że 46,31% (106,94 km²) M'Sila jest klasyfikowane jako bardzo odpowiednie, 21,44% (49,51 km²) jako umiarkowanie odpowiednie, 10,14% (23,42 km²) jako słabo odpowiednie, a 3,64% (8,41 km²) jako nieodpowiednie dla zrównoważonego rozwoju miejskiego. Technika obejmowała dwuetapowy proces: faza AHP jest następowana przez opartą na GIS reprezentację przestrzenną. Wyniki dostarczają kluczowego zasobu dla algierskich decydentów i interesariuszy, ułatwiając podejmowanie decyzji opartych na dowodach i przejście na zrównoważone metody rozwoju miejskiego pośród rosnącej urbanizacji i ograniczeń zasobów. Badania wskazują, że AHP oferuje solidne ramy do rozwiązywania trudności planowania miejskiego w środowiskach o ograniczonych zasobach.
EN
This paper presents the concept of a vision system designed to determine the positionof a camera within a given coordinate system. The system focuses on identifying pulsatinglight markers in images recorded by the camera. These markers are characterized by spe-cific colors, pulsation frequencies and known locations. Detection is achieved using a spatial-time-frequency processing method developed by the authors. The identified markers serve asinput data for a mathematical model that determines the camera’s position within the refer-ence system. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the proposed system design.The system was subjected to testing to verify its operational accuracy and precision in positiondetermination. The results of these tests are presented. The article concludes with a summaryof the work and a discussion of the system’s further development and practical applications.Keywords:image processing; spectrum analysis; light markers; localization.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono główne aspekty implementacji funkcji lokalizacji w systemie bezpieczeństwa, przeznaczonym do monitorowania pracownika, zwłaszcza w środowisku przemysłowym. Opisano strukturę systemu (w tym beacony Bluetooth, urządzenie osobiste i system nadrzędny) oraz techniki zastosowane do realizacji funkcji lokalizacji pracownika. Przedstawiono metodykę przeprowadzonych testów i ich wyniki wraz z interpretacją.
EN
This article presents aspects of implementing the location function in a security system designed to monitor an employee, especially dedicated to applications in industrial environment. The description includes structure of the system and the technology used to implement the worker localization function, moreover Bluetooth beacons, a personal device and a master system, the hardware and software used. The methodology and results of the tests conducted and the interpretation of these results are presented.
PL
Lokalizacja mobilnych źródeł emisji radiowych wiąże się z koniecznością wykonywania wszelkich obliczeń w czasie rzeczywistym. Projektując sensor lokalizacyjny przeznaczony do wykorzystania na dronach, mamy natomiast do czynienia z ograniczonym rozmiarem ładunku. Metodą lokalizacji, która może zostać zaimplementowana na takim nośniku jest signal Doppler frequency, bazująca na estymacji częstotliwości dopplerowskiej. Częstotliwość ta może być wyznaczana na wiele sposobów. W tym artykule przebadano możliwości obliczeniowe różnych komputerów jednopłytkowych wchodzących w skład elementów sensora lokalizacyjnego, w przypadku zaimplementowania na nich widmowej metody estymacji częstotliwości. W oparciu o uzyskane wyniki określono ograniczenia związane z maksymalną szerokością pasma sygnałów emitowanych przez lokalizowane nadajniki.
EN
The location of mobile radio emission sources requires performing all calculations in real time. When designing a location sensor intended for use on drones, we are faced with a limited payload size. The location method that can be implemented on such a carrier is signal Doppler frequency, based on Doppler frequency estimation. This frequency can be determined in many ways. This article examines the computational capabilities of various single-board computers included in the location sensor components when a spectral frequency estimation method is implemented on them. Based on the results obtained, limitations related to the maximum bandwidth of signals emitted by the located transmitters were determined.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono badania dotyczące lokalizacji urządzeń nadawczych w terenie zurbanizowanym przy użyciu zaawansowanych technik takich jak algorytm MUSIC, wsteczne śledzenie promieni i sztuczna inteligencja. Zastosowanie tych metod pozwoliło na znaczną poprawę dokładności lokalizacji, szczególnie przy użyciu sieci neuronowych do filtracji danych z BR a poprzez to na znaczące zwiększenie dokładności lokalizacji w terenie zurbanizowanym.
EN
This article presents research on the localization of transmitting devices in urban areas using advanced techniques such as MUSIC algorithm, reverse raytracing and artificial intelligence. The application of these methods significantly improved localization accuracy, especially when using neural networks for filtering raytracing data, and consequently increase accuracy in the urban environment.
EN
Taking into consideration the increasing need for sanitary, teletechnical, gas and other installation projects in heavily urbanised areas, it becomes apparent that ground utilities need to be verified. Considering uninventoried network elements, depth difference and offsets relative to maps, obstacles can often be encountered that can significantly alter the cost estimate and work schedule. It is also important to verify the groundwater table at the site of the planned works to avoid contamination of ground waters. A good solution for this type of engineering issues is the use of non-invasive geophysical methods, which allow preliminary site investi¬gation by interpreting survey results and recording underground utilities, prior to the start of design work or, in the case of an entrusted project, prior to earthworks. In the present study, the ground was measured and analysed using geophysical methods. The focus was on two types of methods: the GPR and the GCM. Geophysical surveys were carried out on the premises of the State University of Applied Sciences in Krosno. The main objective of the study was to assess the suitability of selected geophysical methods, in engineering terms, and more specifically in determining the location in the subsoil of underground utility elements in the area of the former sports field. A construction project is planned on the site in question, so it was subjected to a detailed investigation. The GPR and GCM survey works carried out have provided material to expand the knowledge of the area under verification regarding the identification of a given object in the field, along with underground infrastructure elements: sewers, water mains or power cables. The utilities map shows an object-perhaps a well - to which the water supply and power mains are connected. This object is invisible, covered by a layer of soil. However, in reality, these networks have not been found. The measurements presented demonstrate that the geophysical methods used are very successful in determining the location of the routing of underground objects. It should be stated that confirmation of the presence or absence of a correspondence between the utility map and the geophysical surveys carried out is proof of the validity of the use of the GPR method. Cooperation between geologists and geophysicists leads to obtaining optimal information about the ground when identifying underground engineering infrastructure or other objects. However, unfortunately, it seems that in Poland the use of geophysical methods for ground investigations, including environmental ones, is relatively small compared to Western European countries and the USA. In summary, the possibilities and accuracies of practical use of the geophysical methods used, as determined by the measurements, indicate their usefulness in engineering applications. Furthermore, the use of not one, but two methods is more valuable, as it provides the possibility of confirming the results obtained. These methods are recommended as methods for preliminary site recognition prior to proper investigations, such as geotechnical investigations. This procedure will reduce the number of geotechnical sounding points.
EN
The article presents the first implementation of the Signal Doppler Frequency (SDF) location method on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) named Autonomous System of Location radio EmmiteRs (ASLER), employing a DJI Matrice UAV as its mobile platform for the radio sensor. The system is used for position estimation, i.e., determining the location coordinates of localized radio emitters. Such functionality is the basis of radio reconnaissance, electronic warfare, or combat systems, and many radio navigation systems. The ASLER localization procedure is based on the Doppler localization method, also known as the SDF. Its distinctive feature is the use of a single moving platform for localization. In addition, the SDF allows simultaneous localization of multiple emission sources, which is an innovative distinction compared to other solutions of this class. ASLER is the first autonomous implementation of the SDF method on a flying platform. This paper illustrates the hardware and software implementation of location sensor, and results of the first empirical studies.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie uwarunkowań przestrzennych wielkomiejskiego osiedla mieszkaniowego w kontekście zrównoważonej polityki parkingowej. Przedstawione badanie oparto na dostępnych źródłach statystycznych oraz mapowych. Obiektem badania było nasycenie miejscami parkingowymi osiedla Ursynów Północny w Warszawie, a także lokalizacja miejsc parkingowych w przestrzennej strukturze osiedla w aspekcie rozwoju zrównoważonego. Wyniki wykazały wyższą niż przewidywano liczbę miejsc parkingowych w stosunku do liczby mieszkań. Badanie wskazuje na to, że ograniczenia przestrzenne osiedli mieszkaniowych współgrają ze współczesnymi trendami w politykach parkingowych, mając również potencjał w pogodzeniu społecznych i klimatycznych aspektów rozwoju zrównoważonego.
EN
The article examines spatial conditions of a large housing estate against the background of sustainable parking policy. The research was based on available statistical and map sources. The research object was the parking ratio in the Ursynów Północny estate in Warsaw, as well as location of parking places in the estates spatial structure considering sustainability issues. Results show the number of parking places higher than predicted. The research indicates that the spatial constraints of a housing estate complies with current trends in parking policies, having the potential to reconcile the social and climatic objectives of sustainable development.
PL
SDF (ang. signal Doppler frequency) jest jedną z metod lokalizacji bazujących na efekcie Dopplera. Jej dokładność jest ściśle związana z dokładnością określania przesunięcia częstotliwości Dopplera. W związku z tym, w sensorach lokalizacyjnych niezbędne jest wykorzystanie wysoce stabilnych częstotliwościowo platform radia programowalnego (SDR). W tym artykule przyjrzano się dwóm szeroko dostępnym platformom SDR, które mogłyby zostać wykorzystane do budowy sensora. W oparciu o dokładność pomiaru częstotliwości chwilowej w czasie, oszacowano parametr stabilności częstotliwości każdej z badanych platform SDR.
EN
Signal Doppler frequency (SDF) is one of the methods for localization of radio emitters, which is based on the Doppler effect. Its accuracy is closely related to the accuracy of determining the Doppler frequency shift. Therefore, it is necessary to use highly frequency-stable software-defined radio (SDR) platforms in location sensors. In this paper, we explore two widely-available SDR platforms that could be used in that sensor. Based on the accuracy of instantaneous frequency measurement over time, we evaluate the frequency stability parameter of each SDR platform.
EN
In recent years, researchers have tried to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of wideband sources and several novel techniques have been proposed. In this paper, we compare six algorithms for calculating the DOA of broadband signals, namely coherent subspace signal method (CSSM), two-sided correlation transformation (TCT), incoherent multiple signal classification (IMUSIC), test of orthogonality of frequency subspaces (TOFS), test of orthogonality of projected subspaces (TOPS), and squared TOPS (S-TOPS). The comparison is made through computer simulations for different parameters, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), in order to establish the efficiency and performance of the discussed methods in noisy environments. CSSM and TCT require initial values, but the remaining approaches do not need any preprocessing.
EN
The use of higher-order ambisonics in spatial sound recordings makes it possible to increase the accuracy of recording information about the direction from which the sound comes to the listener. However, with binaural ambisonic sound reproduction, the listener's ability to locate the sound source accurately may be limited. This paper presents a comparison of the listener's ability to locate a sound source during binaural listening to recordings made with first and third order ambisonic microphones. The analysis was carried out for two types of signal: pink noise and ringing sound. The analysis of localization errors depending on the ambisonics order, azimuth and elevation angles as well as the type of signal is presented. The obtained data indicate that in binaural reproduction of the ambisonic sound the localization errors in the azimuth plane were smaller for the third order ambisonics, compared to the first order. In the elevation plane both for first and third order the errors were significant.
EN
This paper deals with elementary geotechnical tests: triaxial and direct shear of cohesionless sand using the discrete element method (DEM). The capabilities of the numerical DEM code are shown, with a special focus on the early phenomena appearance in localization zones. The numerical tests were performed in 3D conditions with spherical grains. Contact moments law was introduced due to simulate not perfectly round sand grains. The influence of different physical parameters was studied, e.g. initial density or confining pressure. The sieve curve corresponded to the Karlsruhe sand [1]; however, in some tests, it was linearly scaled. Special attention was laid on the behaviour of the sand grains inside localization, e.g. rotation, porosity, fluctuations, etc. and forces redistribution. Emphasis was given on the pre-failure regime and early localization predictors.
EN
This work shows the possibility of using spectral analysis in order to detect characteristic points in recorded images. The specific point is a marker in the form of a diode that flashes at a certain frequency. Main assumptions of the processing algorithm are the recording of a sequence of images and treatment change of level of brightness for each pixel as a time signal. The amplitude spectrum is determined for each time signal. The result of data processing is an amplitude image whose pixels brightness corre-sponding to the intensity of source of pulsating light emitting specific frequency. This new data representation is used to detect position of markers. The algorithm was researched in order to select optimal marker colors and pulsation frequency. The results are described in a summary.
EN
Over the last year, the correct wearing of facial masks in public is still a relevant matter in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. A popular approach that helps regulate the situation by global researchers is building smart systems for face mask detection. Following such spirit, this paper will contribute to the literature in two main aspects: \\ (1) We first propose a new face mask detector model using the state-of-the-art RetinaFace for face localization in populous regions and the ResNet50V1 classifier to group the faces under 3 categories: correctly-worn, incorrectly-worn and no-masks-worn. \\ (2) In order to select the ResNet50V1 as the backbone for the final model, we also analyzed its performance in accordance with another 3 classifiers on a face mask dataset beforehand. Performance metrics from the test phase have shown that our detector achieved the best accuracy among all the works compared, with $94,59$\\% on one test dataset and a less satisfactory $69.6$\\% on another due to certain characteristics of the set. The code is available at: \url{https://github.com/barbatoz0220/Densely-populated-FMD.git}
PL
W referacie przedstawiono hybrydowy algorytm lokalizacyjny pozwalający na zmniejszenie wpływu ciała użytkownika na dokładność lokalizacji. Zaproponowany algorytm łączy wyniki pomiarów mocy sygnałów Bluetooth Low Energy oraz wartości różnicy czasów przybycia sygnałów zmierzonych w interfejsie ultraszerokopasmowym. Referat zawiera również analizę wpływu przysłaniania etykiety ciałem użytkownika na pomiary powyższych wartości. Przeprowadzone badania eksperymentalne dowiodły, że zaproponowane rozwiązanie pozwala na zwiększenie dokładności lokalizacji.
EN
In the following paper a novel hybrid positioning algorithm allowing to mitigate user’s body impact on localization accuracy is presented. The algorithm fuses Bluetooth Low Energy received signal strength measurements with time difference of arrival values registered in the ultra-wideband interface. The paper contains an analysis of blocking the direct path between a tag and system infrastructure on localization accuracy. The performed experiments have shown that the proposed solution allows to reduce localization errors.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono badania dotyczące dziejów papierni w Czarnotrzewie i Chudku. Informacje pozyskiwano z akt urzędów stanu cywilnego, publikacji historyków papiernictwa i map z początku XIX wieku. Przedstawiono powiązania między tymi papierniami, wynikające z ich lokalizacji. Ujawnione nieznane dotąd fakty.
EN
The article presents study on history of paper mills in Czarnotrzew and Chudek. The information was got from the files of the registry offices, paper-making historians publications and maps from the beginning of 19th century. The connections between these paper mills are presented. They result from neighborhood of Czarnotrzew and Chudek. Unknown facts are revealed.
PL
Wymagania tego cennego miejsca zachęciły nas do potraktowania planowanej hali jako części istniejącego krajobrazu ze wszystkimi jego charakterystycznymi cechami. Widok z alei Focha – poprzez halę w kierunku wzgórza Salwator i kościoła Świętego Zbawiciela – zasugerowały nam formę fasady północnej budynku. Panoramiczne widoki pobliskiego wzgórza wraz z Kopcem Kościuszki są dostrzegalne z wnętrza budynku przez elewację zachodnią. Hol wejściowy, podniesiony o metr ponad poziom chodnika przyległej alei Focha, wychodzi na Błonia, ponad ruch przejeżdżających samochodów. Hala stanowi część tego krajobrazu, wyłaniając się z warstwowego terenu. Łączy poziomy chodnika wzdłuż alei Focha i ścieżki na grobli rzeki Rudawy z parterem i tarasem dachowym. To właśnie na tych wielu powierzchniach – poziomej i pochyłej, zewnętrznej i wewnętrznej –zrealizowaliśmy dane wytyczne funkcjonalne.
EN
The requirements of the precious site encouraged us to treat the planned hall as part of the existing landscape with all its distinctive features. The view from Focha Avenue – across the hall and towards Salwator Hill and the Church of the Holy Saviour – suggested to us the form of the northern facade of the building. The panoramic views of the nearby hill with Kościuszko Mound are visible from the building’s interior through the west elevation. The entrance lobby, lifted a meter higher than the pavement level of the adjacent Focha Avenue, looks out towards the Błonia meadow, above the passing car traffic. The hall forms part of this landscape, emerging right out the layered terrain. It connects the levels of the pavement along Focha Avenue and the path atop the Rudawa river dike with the ground floor and the rooftop terrace. It is on those multiple surfaces – horizontal and inclined, external and internal – where we realized the given functional brief.
20
Content available remote Error reduction for static localization
EN
This article describes methods for reducing the position measurement error of ultra-wideband localization system - DecaWave TREK1000. The static localization accuracy of this system can achieve 10cm. The localization algorithm introduced in this paper can improve it up to 1 centimeter. We could achieve such good accuracy, thanks to experiments that were carried out in various environmental conditions. This allowed us to identify the nature of the measurement error and design the correct set of filters.
first rewind previous Strona / 7 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.