Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Tourist aspects of the Lubuskie voivodeship - the region’s development potential

Jakubowski Edward

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 156

215--225

EN

Purpose: The publication presents the tourist aspects of the Lubuskie voivodeship, which are of great importance for regional development in terms of tourism, supra-regional and national. Design/methodology/approach: The method of statistical data analysis and source materials was used in the work. Findings: In the analysis of the relationship between tourist attractiveness and the development of the competitiveness of the Lubuskie voivodeship, the presence of the market process of interaction between tourist traffic and the number of entities from the tourism sector was noticed. The Lubuskie voivodeship has many tourist attractions, which constitute the region's great potential. It should be added that the Lubuskie voivodeship, as one of the few regions in Poland, can offer ecotourism as an attraction. Originality/value: The analysis carried out in the article is aimed at people interested in regional policy in terms of the impact of tourism on the development and competitiveness of Polish regions.

2

Key components of the business model in an Industry 5.0 environment

Grabowska Sandra

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 158

191--199

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to identify the key components of the business model of an enterprise operating in the Industry 5.0 environment Design/methodology/approach: The achievements and results presented in the article were obtained on the basis of literature research and expert research conducted among 25 professionals with experience in strategic management, Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 technologies. The research technique was the Delphi method. The key components of the business model were presented in the form of Business Model Canvas. Findings: Based on the research results obtained, components shaping the business model of a company operating in the Industry 5.0 environment were identified. Research limitations/implications: The analysis of experts' opinions is a preliminary stage of identifying key components of the business model of a company operating in the Industry 5.0 environment. The research should be extended to the analysis of case studies of companies implementing Industry 4.0 technologies. Originality/value: The original achievements obtained during the research include obtaining valuable research results in the field of key components of the business model affecting the formation of its architecture, competitive advantage and value creation and monetization. The research results were obtained directly from experts who have the necessary knowledge of strategic management, Industry 4.0 technologies and Industry 5.0 pillars.

3

Identification of the main components of the competitive potential of enterprises operating in crisis conditions

Wolak-Tuzimek Anna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 158

713--726

EN

Purpose: The paper aims to identify major components of the competitive potential of enterprises operating at the initial stage of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research hypothesis H1 is advanced: the scope of business objects affects the selection of enterprise competitive potential components. The concept and nature of competitiveness are discussed and the subject matter of enterprise competitive potential is detailed. Design/methodology/approach: The theoretical section follows a thorough review of leading specialist literature. The empirical part, on the other hand, uses the exploratory factor analysis, which detects an optimum group of main factors and explains correlations among observable variables, serves to verify the hypothesis. The number of factors is determined by means of the Cattell scree and Kaiser criteria. Findings: The paper contains the results of research into 253 large enterprises in the Polish economy. Exploratory factor analysis is employed to define the statistically significant components of competitive potential of enterprises active in the initial phase of the economic crisis and the effect of business objectives is explored on the selection of the components of enterprise competitive potential. It is shown that, regardless of business objects, three factors, namely, innovative machinery and equipment, the financial condition of an enterprise, and human capital, are the key components of enterprise competitive potential. Practical implications: The results can be utilised by entrepreneurs as a guide to the selection of the components of enterprise competitive potential at the times of crises. Originality/value: The paper presents the results of original research into a representative group of large enterprises which can be generalised to the entire population assuming a confidence level of α = 95% and maximum error of β = 6%.

4

Analiza rynku i wizerunku kolejowych przewoźników pasażerskich funkcjonujących na rynku polskim

Kula Tomasz

Transport Miejski i Regionalny

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2022

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nr 10

3--9

PL

Artykuł skupia się analizie polskiego rynku kolejowych przewozów pasażerskich w realiach po reformie przedsiębiorstwa Polskie Koleje Państwowe i powstaniu odrębnych spółek kolejowych zajmujących się przewozem osób. Dokonano przeglądu istniejących i konkurujących ze sobą na rynku przedsiębiorstw kolejowych i ich działań marketingowych. Przedstawiono konkurencyjność wewnątrzgałęziową na polskim rynku przewozów pasażerskich. Na podstawie analizy i badań ankietowych stwierdzono, iż poziom wiedzy społeczeństwa na temat rynku kolejowego jest niewystarczający. Wśród podróżnych nadal można dostrzec stereotyp o tym, że każdy przewoźnik kolejowy w Polsce to PKP. Obserwuje się także brak ogólnej świadomości zmian, jakie zaszły na kolei w Polsce na przestrzeni ostatnich 20 lat. Spółką, która przewozi w Polsce najwięcej pasażerów jest Polregio, natomiast powszechnie kojarzoną marką wśród grupy reprezentatywnej okazało się PKP Intercity, które prowadzi najbardziej ekspansywne działania marketingowe. Czas podróży okazuje się najważniejszą preferencją przy wyborze przewoźnika przez klientów kolei.

EN

The article focuses on the analysis of the Polish passenger rail market in the reality after the reform of the PKP (Polish State Railways) and the establishment of separate passenger rail companies. A review of the existing and competing railroad companies in the market and their marketing activities is made. Internal competitiveness in the Polish passenger transport market is presented. Based on the analysis and surveys, it was found that the level of public knowledge of the rail market is insufficient. Among travellers, the stereotype that every rail carrier in Poland is the PKP can still be noted. There is also an observed lack of general awareness of the changes that have taken place on the railroad in Poland over the past 20 years. The company that carries the most passengers in Poland is Polregio, while the commonly associated brand among the representative group turned out to be the PKP Intercity, which conducts the most expansive marketing activities. Travel time turns out to be the most important preference when rail customers choose a carrier.

5

Natural Resources in Function of Sustainable and Competitive Toursim Development of the EU Countries

Stanišić Tanja, Milićević Snežana, Krstić Bojan

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2022

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Vol. 17, nr 1

64--70

EN

Natural resources are the base of tourism development and competitive position in the tourism market of many tourist destinations. At the same time, the issue of their use in the function of tourism development is very complex and must be based on the idea of sustainability. The paper examines the importance of natural resources for the competitiveness of tourism in the European Union (EU). The aim of this paper is to consider the relationship of natural resources and tourism competitiveness in the EU countries, as well as to identify countries of good practice, but also countries that require improvement of natural tourism attractions and their activation in function of competitive and sustainable tourism development. In accordance with the defined aim of the research, correlation and cluster analysis are applied in the paper. The results of the research can benefit the creators of tourism development policy, because they enable the selection of indicators of availability and attractiveness of natural resources that can be improved, as well as countries in which special attention should be paid to more successful tourism valorization of natural resources.

PL

Zasoby naturalne są podstawą rozwoju turystyki i pozycji konkurencyjnej na rynku turystycznym wielu destynacji turystycznych. Jednocześnie kwestia ich wykorzystania w funkcji rozwoju turystyki jest bardzo złożona i musi zgodna z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju. Artykuł analizuje znaczenie zasobów naturalnych dla konkurencyjności turystyki w krajach Unii Europejskiej (UE). Celem niniejszego artykułu jest rozważenie relacji zasobów naturalnych i konkurencyjności turystycznej w krajach UE, a także wskazanie krajów dobrych praktyk, ale także krajów, które wymagają zmian w traktowaniu przyrodniczych atrakcji turystycznych i ich aktywizacji w funkcji konkurencyjnej i zrównoważonej rozwój turystyki. Zgodnie z wyznaczonym celem badań w pracy zastosowano analizę korelacji i skupień. Wyniki badań mogą przynieść korzyści twórcom polityki rozwoju turystyki, ponieważ pozwalają na dobór wskaźników dostępności i atrakcyjności zasobów przyrodniczych, które można poprawić, a także krajów, w których należy zwrócić szczególną uwagę na skuteczniejszą waloryzację turystyczną zasobów naturalnych.

6

Assessment of competitiveness of confectionery enterprises for the needs of ecological management

Kupalova Halyna Ivanivna, Artyukh Tatyana Mikolaivna, Bukharina Liudmyla Mykhailivna, Goncharenkо Nataliia Volodimirivna, Demіanenko Kateryna Anatoliivna

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2022

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nr 1 (30)

27--37

EN

The article deals of assessing the competitiveness of enterprises in the confectionery industry to improve information and analytical support of ecological management. A unified methodology for assessing the competitive-ness of business entities in the context of ecological management has not yet been developed. The article proposes to assess the competitiveness of confectionery enterprises on the basis of an integral index. Its peculiarity is that, in addition to economic production, market characteristics, it also includes environmental ones, which reflect significant environmental aspects (air emissions and the formation of hazardous waste). Calculations were made and the results of the study were tested on the basis of the leading confectionery enterprises of Ukraine. This made it possible to identify among the studied set of enterprises leaders who improved economic results and strengthened their market positions by reducing anthropogenic impact on the environment, introducing ecological management and corporate social responsibility. Taking into account their successful experience will contrib-ute to the improvement of the ecological management system at other enterprises of the confectionery industry.

7

Identifying the phenomenon of complexity in the sector of industrial automation

Lewandowska-Ciszek Anna

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2022

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Vol. 13, No. 2

3--14

EN

The main objective of the research work was to identify the dimensions of complexity and study the relationship between these defined dimensions in the industrial automation sector. To achieve these objectives in the study, there was assumed the following major hypothesis: With the increasing role of dynamic cross-section of the complexity there is growing importance of relationship dimension for competitive advantage. In the study there were diagnosed four dimensions of complexity. Existence of the relationship between these four identified dimensions of complexity occurred by the use of the Fisher’s exact test, which is a variant of the test of independence χ2. Furthermore, there were calculated V-Cramer factors to estimate the intensity of the above-mentioned relationship between analyzed dimensions. The research discovered that the three out of four dimensions such as the number of elements, variety of elements and uncertainty depend on the last dimension of complexity which is the relationship between elements. In the turbulent environment there is a growing importance of the relationship dimension. It forms competitive advantage and is a key condition of success in creating a new type of modern enterprise strategy that occurs within complexity management in the industrial automation sector.

8

Challenges to Ukraine’s Innovative Development in a Digital Environment

Voronenko Iryna, Klymenko Nataliia, Nahorna Olena

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2022

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Vol. 13, No. 4

48--58

EN

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the positioning of Ukraine in the global indices of innovative development and competitiveness, to evaluate the indicators of innovation activity and, based on the outcomes of the research, to determine the place of Ukraine in the global innovation space. The dynamics of innovation activity on an international scale based on the consolidated indicators of the Global Innovation Index are presented. Ukraine’s position in it and progress in achieving goals to better understand the processes that stimulate or constrain innovation are determined. Econometric methods to generalize the positioning of Ukraine in the global innovation space and the DEA method to study the relative individual effectiveness of the innovation environment and innovation activities in Europe are used.

9

Influence of reverse logistics on competitiveness, economic performance, ecological environment and society

Ivanova Tetiana, Rogaczewski Robert, Lutsenko Iryna

LogForum

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2022

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Vol. 18, no. 1

49--58

EN

Background: Today, companies operate in an environment that is significantly affected by the forces of transformational changes, which create problems for logistics. Reverse logistics is a relatively new topic for businesses. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to study the relationship between reverse logistics and competitiveness, economic performance, the environment, and society. Methods: The research methodology includes general scientific and special methods, such as synthesis and analysis, logical generalization, correlation and regression analysis. The hypotheses were empirically tested using sample data from 37 countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The analysis period ranged from 2000 to 2019, which corresponds to an unbalanced group of 591 observations. Results: Eight different models were developed to analyse the proposed hypotheses. It was confirmed that reverse logistics has a positive effect on competitiveness, economic performance, environmental performance and society. Conclusions: Therefore, companies should pay attention to reverse logistics, as it will promote their development and benefit during their activities. The aspects highlighted in the article will help to understand the development and scientific substantiation of logistics management measures. The conclusions of this document can serve as a guide for leadership and management.

10

Internationalization strategies and instruments of competition - Polish furniture companies on the foreign market

Grzegorzewska Emilia, Stasiak-Betlejewska Renata

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2022

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No. 119

78--83

EN

Internationalization strategies and instruments of competition - Polish furniture companies on the foreign market. Despite the global economic situation related to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Polish furniture industry is still a dynamically developing branch of the national economy of Poland. One of the most important paths in the development of this industry is still internationalization. The aim of the article was to define the internationalization strategies of Polish furniture enterprises, as well as to indicate the instruments of competition used by these companies on the foreign market. Empirical research was carried out in a group of 100 medium and large furniture enterprises conducting export activity. The research identified the most frequently used internationalization strategies by furniture companies, identified the most effective strategies, and identified competition instruments of the greatest importance for Polish furniture manufacturers. The research showed that ethnocentric strategy is most often used in the furniture industry. This strategy is the most effective. Regardless of the size of the enterprise, the quality of products was recognized by the respondents as the most important instrument of competition on the external market.

PL

Strategie internacjonalizacji i instrumenty konkurencji polskich przedsiębiorstw meblarskich na rynku zagranicznym. Pomimo ogolnoświatowej sytuacji gospodarczej związanej z pandemią COVID-19 polski przemysł meblarski jest wciąż dynamicznie rozwijającą się gałęzią gospodarski narodowej Polski. Jedną z ważniejszych ścieżek rozwoju tej branży nadal pozostaje internacjonalizacja. Celem artykułu było określenie strategii internacjonalizacji polskich przedsiębiorstw meblarskich, a także wskazanie instrumentow konkurencji stosowanych przez te firmy na rynku zagranicznym. Badania empiryczne przeprowadzono w grupie 100 średnich i dużych przedsiębiorstw meblarskich prowadzących działalność eksportową. W ramach badań zidentyfikowano strategie umiędzynarodowienia najczęściej stosowane przez firmy meblarskie, wskazano strategie o największej skuteczności, a także określono instrumenty konkurencji o największym znaczeniu dla polskich producentow mebli. Z badań wynika, że strategia etnocentryczna jest najczęściej stosowana w branży meblarskiej. Ta strategia jest uważana za najbardziej efektywną. Niezależnie od wielkości przedsiębiorstwa, jakość produktow została uznana przez respondentow za najważniejszy instrument konkurowania na rynku zewnętrznym.

11

Próba oceny konkurencyjności kolei dużych prędkości na podstawie wybranych kryteriów

Nowak Filip, Kozioł Piotr

Zeszyty Naukowo-Techniczne Stowarzyszenia Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji w Krakowie. Seria: Materiały Konferencyjne

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2021

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Nr 2 (123)

283-–303

PL

Obecny dynamiczny rozwój kolei dużych prędkości (KDP), spowodowany rosnącym zapotrzebowaniem na szybkie i bezpieczne połączenia pasażerskie związane z rosnącą globalizacją oraz tempem pracy, a co za tym idzie również koniecznością oszczędności czasu, generuje pytania o sposób realizacji tego rodzaju inwestycji. Generalnie nie poddaje się w wątpliwość zasadności budowy szybkich połączeń kolejowych, jednak zwrot poniesionych kosztów jest silnie zależny od warunków lokalnych, a zwłaszcza atrakcyjności tego typu połączeń dla użytkownika końcowego, jakim jest pasażer. Ta z kolei stanowi sprzężenie zwrotne z warunkami konkurencyjności w odniesieniu do innych środków transportu. Konkurencyjność KDP jest na pewno zagadnieniem wielokryterialnym i wymaga głębokich studiów. W artykule podjęto próbę subiektywnej analizy konkurencyjności KDP w odniesieniu do transportu lotniczego i drogowego, uwzględniając obecne uwarunkowania rynkowe, w oparciu o wybrane kryteria mogące stanowić zdaniem autorów podstawę do sformułowania miar pośrednich służących bieżącej ocenie zasadności ekonomicznej funkcjonowania KDP. Przedstawiono propozycję tworzenia takich miar wraz z syntetycznym omówieniem na wybranych przykładach tras KDP.

EN

The current dynamic development of High Speed Rail (HSR), caused by the growing demand for fast and safe passenger connections related to increasing globalization and the pace of work, and thus also the need to save time, generates questions about how to implement this type of investment. In general, the legitimacy of building high-speed rail connections is not questioned, but the reimbursement of costs is strongly dependent on local conditions, especially the attractiveness of this type of connection for the end user, i.e. a passenger. This, In turn, feeds back with the competitive conditions of other modes of transport. The competitiveness of HSR is certainly a multi-criteria issue and requires deep study. The article attempts to subjectively analyse the competitiveness of HSR with regard to air and car transport, taking into account the current market conditions, based on selected criteria that, in the authors’ opinion, may constitute the basis for the formulation of indirect measures for the ongoing assessment of the economic viability of HSR operation. A proposal for the creation of such measures has been presented, along with a synthetic discussion on selected examples of HSR routes.

12

The impact of relations with stakeholders on change management, innovation and competitiveness of the organization on the example of the current economic situation of enterprises in Poland

Wiącek Marta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

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z. 150

333--345

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to systematize knowledge about organizations' relationships with their stakeholders and to highlight the connection and impact that managing these relationships and functioning in their network can have on them: an organization's capacity for innovation, change management efficiency and competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach: Approach to the subject of the paper is theoretical in its first part and in the second one is based on the case study methodology conducted in chosen organization in Poland. On the basis of the literature, the basic variables influencing the accumulation of effects that can be achieved by an organization that effectively uses the synergy of all mentioned phenomena have been analysed. The examples of organizations in Poland applying such activities in the current economic situation were cited. Findings: Organisations which deal with difficult market situation should flexibly: use support from their stakeholders, take the risk of innovation and using both of the above try to implement and manage necessary changes efficiently and quickly. All these phenomena as well as the way of dealing with them make coping with hard situation easier. Practical implications: Article’s analysis and general view confirmes the significant economic and business impact on maintaining and increasing the competitive advantage of organizations using all mentioned phenomena to deal with difficulties of global market. Mentioned positive practical effects on enterprises prove how high the potential is created as a result of combining management of relations with stakeholders on competitiveness, innovation and the ability to manage organizational change. Originality/value: The interactions and effects of the impact on the organization of: stakeholders relations, networks and change management – that have already been scientifically described many times were emphasized because only in a few sectors of the economy their’ coexistence and its effects on the organization are clearly visible, observable and possible to describe.

13

Comprehensive assessment methodology of the competitiveness of freight transport services

Yarashova Vasila, Hoshimov Abror

Transport Problems

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2021

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T. 16, z. 1

187--198

EN

The strategic goal of development of the transport system is to meet the needs of socially oriented development of the economy and society in competitive high- quality transport services. The method of determining the competitiveness of freight transport services developed by the authors is based on the system of indicators for assessing the competitiveness of freight transport services and includes natural and cost indicators that collectively reflect the competitiveness of each operator's services for railway, airway and roadway networks.

14

Konkurencyjność roweru jako środka transportu na przykładzie miasta Konin

Adamek Aleksandra

Transport Miejski i Regionalny

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2021

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nr 4

23--26

PL

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie konkurencyjności roweru w podróżach realizowanych na terenie Konina. Konkurencyjność roweru względem samochodu osobowego i komunikacji miejskiej określono na podstawie badań porównawczych przeprowadzonych na przełomie 2019 i 2020 roku. Do porównań wybrano osiem tras z różnych części miasta do centrum (Dworzec PKP), o długości od trzech do sześciu kilometrów. Każdą trasę pokonano każdym z badanych środków transportu sześć razy. Dla podróży samochodem osobowym i rowerem analizowano procentowe udziały czasu jazdy i czasu parkowania oraz dojścia do celu podróży w całkowitym czasie podróży. Dla podróży komunikacją miejską analizowano procentowe udziały czasu dojścia na przystanek i oczekiwania na pojazd, czasu jazdy, przesiadki oraz czasu dojścia do celu podróży w całkowitym czasie podróży dla podróży komunikacją miejską.

EN

The aim of the article is to examine the competitiveness of the bicycle in journeys carried out in Konin. The competitiveness of the bicycle with respect to the passenger car and public transport was determined on the basis of comparative studies conducted at the turn of 2019 and 2020. Eight routes from different parts of the city to the center (railway station), varying in length from three to six kilometers, have been selected for comparison. Each route was travelled six times by each of the studied modes of transport. For car and bicycle journeys, the percentages of driving time, parking time, and travel time to the destination were analyzed in relation to the total travel time. For public transportation trips, the percentages of time to get to the stop and wait for the vehicle, driving time, transfer time, and time to get to the destination were analyzed as percentages of total travel time for public transportation trips.

15

Innovation management in the area of finances and accounting in the SME sector

Kapler Monika

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2021

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Vol. 3, nr 1

280--288

EN

In the era of strong economic development, one of the elements of a company's competitiveness is innovation. It determines the company's development and its success. Appropriate management of innovations in a company determines specific activities in the areas - search, planning, implementation, diffusion and control. Innovations can be about products, processes, organization and marketing. There are many innovations in the financial sector that increase the quality and efficiency of work. This article presents the results of a study conducted using a survey among financial services companies and companies that use a number of financial and accounting innovations in their activities to improve their activities in this area. The research was carried out at the end of 2019 in 40 enterprises of the SME sector in the Śląskie Voivodeship. The results of the research were compared with the prevailing trends both in Poland and in the world, based on publicly available reports and messages. Thegoalof this article is to draw attention to the level of innovative activity in the financial and accounting area of enterprises from the SME sector, and to identify and analyze the elements of managing these innovations in the explored enterprises.

16

Przemysł aluminiowy w Europie i we Włoszech. Charakterystyka, poziom konkurencyjności, perspektywy na przyszłość i propozycje dotyczące polityki handlowej

Conserva Mario

Przegląd Odlewnictwa

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2021

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Vol. 71, nr 5-6

190--196

PL

Przemysł aluminiowy ma zasadnicze znaczenie dla gospodarek krajów rozwiniętych i zapewnia szeroką gamę bardzo zróżnicowanych produktów, od półproduktów, produktów pośrednich, wymaganych w wielu branżach zaawansowanych technologicznie, po elementy odlewnicze, części i komponenty do zastosowań końcowych. Przemysł w Europie znacznie się zmienił w ostatnich latach, a od 2008 r. Komisja Europejska zwraca coraz większą uwagę na wartość przemysłu przerobu aluminium (a także innych metali nieżelaznych, takich jak miedź i cynk), wzbudzając zainteresowanie polityką przemysłową i wznowieniem tego sektora. Łańcuch dostaw metali lekkich także w ubiegłym roku znalazł się w centrum debaty politycznej dotyczącej odbudowy po dramatycznych skutkach Covid-19, w szczególności ze względu na niezwykłe właściwości techniczne tego lekkiego metalu. Znajduje on wiele zastosowań przemysłowych, które w większym stopniu niż inne materiały nadają się do odzysku i recyklingu, odpowiadając w ten sposób na wymogi ekorozwoju i stając się narzędziem gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym w ambitnych projektach Komisji dotyczących odzyskiwania surowców. W artykule przedstawiono aktualny perspektywiczny obraz przemysłu aluminiowego w ramach odniesienia europejskiego łańcucha wartości (eng. Value chain), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem systemu włoskiego, sugerując wskazówki i zalecenia dotyczące promowania i wzmacniania konkurencyjności przemysłu aluminiowego w UE, w świetle współistniejących światowych trendów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kwestii dostępu do surowców.

EN

The aluminium industry is essential to the economies of advanced countries and provides a range of highly differentiated products, from intermediate semi-finished products, required for many hightech industries, to foundry castings, parts and components for end applications .The structure of this industry in Europe has changed significantly in recent years, and since 2008 the European Commission has shown a growing attention to the aluminium value chain (and also other nonferrous metals, such as copper and zinc), triggering interest in an industrial policy to re-launch the sector. The light metal supply chain has also been projected in the last year even more at the center of the political debate relating to recovery after the dramatic effects of Covid 19, in particular due to the extraordinary technical characteristics of the light metal, which lends itself to a great number of industrial applications, and which more than other materials have a strong natural aptitude for recovery and recycling, thus responding to the requirements of eco-sustainability and a circular economy tool envisaged in the Commission's ambitious recovery projects. The paper gives a current perspective of the aluminium industry within the reference framework of the European value chain and with a particular emphasis on the Italian system, also suggesting some indications and recommendations to promote and strengthen the competitiveness of the aluminium industry in the EU, also in light of concomitant global trends, with a particular focus on the issues of access to raw materials.

17

An integrated model of corporate environment, including value chain, as a competitiveness tool for small and medium enterprises

Straková Jarmila, Talíř Milan, Kollmann Jaroslav, Pártlová Petra, Váchal Jan

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 23, No. 1

370--384

EN

This contribution presents a new approach to corporate environment which uses an integrated model as a tool to achieve competitiveness of enterprises with a focus on small and medium enterprises. According to our search in local and international literature, corporate environment defined in this manner, including an analysis of value chain, in order to formulate a business strategy, has not been yet investigated in any study. Our testing group consisted of 373 small and medium enterprises. Our solution utilized methods of dimensional reduction and gradual regression analysis. The objective of our research was to analyze significance of components of the corporate environment (micro environment, mezzo environment and macro environment) and of the value chain from the viewpoint of their effects on profitability of enterprises. We have demonstrated an irreplaceable role of internal sources depending on the mezzo environment.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono nowe podejście do otoczenia korporacyjnego, które wykorzystuje model zintegrowany jako narzędzie do osiągania konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Z naszych poszukiwań w literaturze lokalnej i międzynarodowej wynika, że tak zdefiniowane otoczenie korporacyjne, w tym analiza łańcucha wartości w celu sformułowania strategii biznesowej, nie zostało dotychczas zbadane w żadnym opracowaniu. Nasza grupa testowa składała się z 373 małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. W naszym rozwiązaniu wykorzystano metody redukcji wymiarów i stopniową analizę regresji. Celem naszych badań była analiza znaczenia komponentów otoczenia korporacyjnego (mikrośrodowiska, mezzotoczenia i makrootoczenia) oraz łańcucha wartości z punktu widzenia ich wpływu na rentowność przedsiębiorstw. Pokazaliśmy niezastąpioną rolę źródeł wewnętrznych w zależności od środowiska mezzo.

18

Innovation strategy and its impact on the company’s competitive position

Oksanych Oleksandr

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2021

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nr 2

125--140

EN

Introduction/background: The creation of a knowledge-based economy determines the growth of interest in innovations and the possibility of using them as a tool for building a competitive advantage. This requires companies to develop an appropriate innovation strategy. Its choice is determined by the environment and the company's own capabilities. On the other hand, the effectiveness of strategic decisions in the area of innovation contributes to building a company's competitive advantage. Aim of the article: The aim of the article is to present the cause-effect relations between the choice of innovation strategy and the competitive position of the enterprise. Materials and methods: The methods of critical analysis and synthesis, the method of generalization and logical methods as well as the desk research method were used in the research process. Result and conclusions: As a result of the work, a concept has been developed and direct and indirect consequences of innovation activity have been classified. The choice of innovation strategy usually is based on the direct financial results. But the indirect results are important for creating innovative potential of company and give a multiplier effects. These effects should be taken into account in the process of creating and strategy of innovation. The author presents a diagram of creating a innovative strategy, the direct and indirect effects of innovative activity and the cause and effect relations between the results of innovative activity and the creation of a strong competitive position of the company. The article is aimed at enterprise managers, decision makers of state institutions and scientists dealing with innovation problems.

19

Reforming specialized inspection procedures to improve business environment in Vietnam for trade facilitation implementation

Nga Le Thi Viet, Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc, Hang Nga Nguyen Thi, Lan Leng Thi, Thach Nguyen Ngoc

Management

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2021

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Vol. 25, no. 1

234--258

EN

Our study aims to analyze and assess the process of reforming the specialized inspection procedures in Vietnam which is included in Vietnam’s trade facilitation implementation program, and suggesting some recommendations for Vietnam to do the reform to improve business environment and enhance Vietnam’s national competitiveness. By synthesizing and analyzing secondary data from creditable sources such as World Bank, UNESCAPE, UNCTAD, WTO, VCCI, General Department of Vietnam Customs, as well as interviewing officials from Ministry of Industry and Trade of Socialist Republic of Vietnam, etc. Ha and Lan (2021) stated Economic regulatory reform in Vietnam started in the early 1990s and accelerated when the country shifted its focus to economic integration policy by acceding to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 and engaging in regional free trade agreements in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). After analyzing and assessing the real situation of Vietnam’s trade facilitation and specialized inspection reforms, this paper would like to suggest some recommendations to continuously implement specialized inspection reforms, implement trade facilitation, improve Vietnam’s business environment and enhance Vietnam’s national competitiveness.

20

Czynniki kształtujące zachowania klientów handlu elektronicznego

Majchrzak-Lepczyk Justyna

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2021

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nr 2

8--13

PL

Handel elektroniczny w Polsce odnotowuje z roku na rok wyraźne wzrosty zarówno pod względem wolumenu, jak i liczby klientów dokonujących zakupów. Sprawna obsługa zamówionych w Internecie produktów zaczyna kształtować konkurencyjność wielu e-podmiotów, które dostosowują swoją ofertę zgodnie z oczekiwaniami kupujących. Dla coraz większej liczby klientów obsługa logistyczna ma równie duże znaczenie jak nabywany produkt. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie zmieniających się oczekiwań e-klientów wobec logistycznej obsługi świadczonej w handlu elektronicznym. Podstawę opracowania stanowi analiza dostępnych źródeł literaturowych polskich i zagranicznych, raportów branżowych, jak również wyników badań empirycznych zrealizowanych wśród 247 e-klientów. Badania zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem ankiety internetowej. Uczestnikami badań były osoby pełnoletnie, dokonujące zakupów w handlu elektronicznym. Dobór próby miał charakter nielosowy, co sprawia, że realizowane studium nie ma charakteru uogólniającego. Podjęte rozważania pozwoliły dokonać oceny kluczowych czynników, które zdaniem kupujących kształtują pozycję konkurencyjną e-podmiotów. Odpowiednie rozpoznanie oczekiwań e-kupujących staje się głównym zadaniem przedsiębiorstw, chcących zaoferować obsługę na najwyższym poziomie.

EN

E-commerce in Poland has been growing year by year, with significant increases in both volume and the number of shopping customers. Efficient service of products ordered online is starting to shape the competitiveness of many e-businesses, which adapt their offer in accordance with the expectations of buyers. For an increasing number of customers, logistics services are just as important as the purchased product. The aim of the article is to indicate the changing expectations of e-clients in relation to the logistics service provided in electronic commerce. The source basis of the study are available Polish and foreign literature sources, industry reports as well as empirical studies, carried out among 247 e-clients. The research was carried out using an online survey based on a questionnaire in the electronic version. The participants of the study were adults who make purchases in e-commerce. The selection of the sample was non-random, which means that the study carried out is not of a general nature. The considered considerations made it possible to assess the key factors that, in the opinion of buyers, shape the competitive position of e-entities. Appropriate recognition of the expectations of e-buyers thus becomes the superior role of enterprises wishing to offer the highest level of service.