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1

Space-time quantification of aboveground net primary productivity service supply capacity in high Andean bofedales using remote sensors

Cano Deyvis, Crispin Astrid, Custodio María, Chanamé Fernán, Peñaloza Richard, Pizarro Samuel

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 56

172--181

EN

The aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of bofedales is one of the most important indicators for the provision of ecosystem services in the high Andean areas. In the case of bofedales, the evaluation of the ANPP supply capacity as a service on a spatial and temporal scale through remote sensing has been little addressed. The capacity, intra and interannual, to provide the ANPP of the high Andean wetlands was quantified at a spatial and temporal level through remote sensing. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the MODIS sensor was used according to the Monteith model (1972), product of the incident photosynthetically active radiation, fraction of the absorbed radiation, and the efficiency of using the radiation of the calibrated vegetation with dry matter sampling in the field. Results show an ANPP prediction R 2 of 0.52 (p < 0.05), with no significant spatial difference between field samples. When applying the model, the intra-annual temporary ANPP supply capacity presents a maximum average of 160.54 kg DM·ha -1·month -1 in the rainy season (December-May) and a maximum average of 81.17 kg DM·ha -1·month in the dry season (June-October). In 2003-2020, the interannual temporary capacity presented values of 1100-1700 kg DM·ha -1·year -1. This makes it possible not to affect the sustainability of the wetlands and prevent their depletion and degradation. Understanding the ANPP supply capacity of bofedales can favour the efficient use of the resource and indirectly benefit its conservation.

2

Determining the Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis in the Purification of Water from Phosphates

Gomelya Mykola, Shabliy Tetyana, Radovenchyk Iaroslav, Vakulenko Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 2

238--246

EN

Processes of water purification from phosphates using a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane were studied. It was shown that the concentration of phosphates in the permeate largely depends on their initial concentration in the water and increases along with the degree of permeate selection. It was established that when using the Filmtec TW3–1812–50 membrane for phosphate concentrations up to 20 mg/dm3, their concentration in the permeate does not exceed 2.5 mg/dm3 with a degree of permeate selection up to 90% when cleaning solutions in distilled and artesian water. This value is below the permissible level for drinking water. When the concentration of phosphates increases to 100 and 1000 mg/dm3, their content in the permeate increases sharply to the values significantly higher than the permissible level in both drinking and wastewater. When sodium orthophosphate was added to artesian water, the effectiveness of its purification on this membrane with respect to chlorides, sulfates, hardness ions, and hydrocarbons was high. This indicates that the cartridges with these membranes can be used both in industrial installations and in households for further purification of artesian and tap water to drinking water quality.

3

Case study of thermal comfort, lighting conditions and productivity at two classrooms of Poznań University of Technology

Orman Łukasz J., Wojtkowiak Janusz

Structure and Environment

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2022

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Vol. 14, no. 2

39--43

EN

The paper analyses subjective sensations of thermal comfort, lighting conditions and self-reported productivity of 51 students of Poznań Univeristy of Technology (Poland). The study took place in the spring and was based on the use of anonymous questionnaires with questions on thermal sensations, acceptability and preferences as well as the students’ assessment of their current productivity and lighting conditions. The test results indicate that the overwhelming majority was satisfied with thermal environment and lighting conditions in the rooms. Their general sensations were also largely positive, while self-reported productivity was generally assessed to be normal.

PL

Artykuł analizuje subiektywne odczucia komfortu cieplnego, warunków oświetleniowych oraz produktywności 51 studentów Politechniki Poznańskiej. Badanie odbyło się wiosną i opierało się na wykorzystaniu anonimowych kwestionariuszy z pytaniami o odczucia cieplne, akceptowalność i preferencje oraz ocenę przez studentów aktualnej produktywności i warunków oświetleniowych. Wyniki badań wskazują, że zdecydowana większość była zadowolona z warunków termicznych i oświetlenia w pomieszczeniach. Ich ogólne odczucia były również w dużej mierze pozytywne, podczas gdy produktywność została ogólnie oceniona jako normalna.

4

Flexible Formwork Flow 4.0 - usprawnienie modelu zarządzania deskowaniami na budowie w myśl zasad Przemysłu 4.0

Majkowski Łukasz, Pasławski Jerzy

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 12

67--72

PL

W wyniku badań opisywana koncepcja 3F4 została uzupełniona o system geolokalizacji i monitoring dostępny w trybie rzeczywistym. Jednocześnie należy pamiętać, iż bieżące nakłady kosztów ulegają ciągłym zmianom i są na bieżąco aktualizowane w systemie 3F4. Dzięki wprowadzeniu metodologii Lean i/lub Agile uzyskujemy pewność, że budowa działa w sposób zapewniający stabilizację procesów budowlanych oraz możliwość dostosowania do zmian. Chociaż te dwie koncepcje wymagają podjęcia innych kroków w kierunku osiągnięcia różnych celów, jednak właściwe ich połączenie z uwzględnieniem metod klasycznych i idei Przemysłu 4.0 pozwala w efekcie osiągnąć efekt synergii - usprawnienie analizowanego procesu.

EN

As a result of studies, the concept 3F4 has been supplemented by a new geolocation system and real-time monitoring. At the same time, it should be remembered that the current cost outlays are constantly changing and are constantly updated in the 3F4 system. Thanks to the introduction of Lean and/or Agile methodologies, we can be sure that the construction works in a way that ensures the stabilization of construction processes and the possibility of adapting to the following changes. Although these two concepts require taking other steps towards achieving different goals, the proper combination of them, taking into account classic methods and the idea of Industry 4.0, allows, as a result, to achieve a synergy effect - improvement the analyzed process.

5

Research into Comparative Performance of Different Tillage and Fertilization Systems Applied to Grey Forest Soil of Forest Steppe in Grain Crop Rotation

Kaminskyi Viktor, Bulgakov Volodymyr, Tkachenko Mykola, Kolomiіets Mykola, Kaminska Valentina, Ptashnik Mykhailo, Ivanovs Semjons, Kiernicki Zbigniew

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 12

163--178

EN

The paper summarises the results of the comprehensive scientific research carried out in the form of a two-factor stationary experiment (5 primary tillage systems × 3 fertilization systems) with rotation (2016–2020) of cereal crops (winter wheat – grain maize – spring barley – soybean) in grey forest fine sand and light loam soil. The effectiveness of the tested agricultural production method has been proven by the amplitudes of the actual cropping capacities: winter wheat – 2.80–5.00 t∙ha–1; grain maize – 4.16–8.89 t∙ha–1; spring barley – 1.78–4.45 t∙ha–1; soybean – 1.02–3.17 t∙ha–1. The rehabilitation of the physical, agrochemical and biological status of the edatope and the consolidation of the physiological processes in the grain cenoses achieved by the systemic approach to the soil tillage and fertilisation have provided for an increase in the natural biological potential of the plough land by a factor of 1.3–1.8 (from 2.96 to 5.21 t∙ha–1 of grain units, units for the equivalent measuring of different plant cultivation products). Factographic justification has been provided for the environmental, technological and technical-and-economic feasibility of implementing agronomic technologies based on the adaptive combination of mouldboard and non-mouldboard tillage (to a depth of 6–45 cm) and organic and mineral fertilization system (6.5–7.0 t∙ha–1 of plant cultivation by-products + N70P58K68). In this case, the effective fertility of an area unit in crop rotation reaches 5.72 t∙ha–1 in grain units, the production cost of raised grain – 117 €∙t–1, the earning capacity – 788 € (ha∙year) –1, the level of plant cultivation profitability – 139%. In the comparable alternatives of the system-based soil tillage (every-year ploughing, subsurface blade tillage and especially tillage with disk implements), the indices estimated above are significantly lower.

6

Model of Biomass Productivity under the Influence of Change in the Phytotoxicity of Podzol Soil Due to Reintroduction of Sewage Sludge under Energy Willow

Lopushniak Vasyl, Hrytsuliak Halyna, Polutrenko Myroslava, Lopushniak Halyna, Voloshyn Yurii, Kotsyubynska Yulia, Baran Bagdana

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 12

217--226

EN

Utilization of sewage sludge during phytoremediation of territories and its introduction as fertilizer for energy crops requires testing for phytotoxicity of the soil cover, which will allow determining an ecologically safe dose of its use and minimizing the negative impact on agroecosystems. It will also contribute to the formation of optimal productivity of agrophytocenoses as well as optimize the nutrition conditions for intensive growth and development of cultivated plants. The research conducted an analysis of the impact of the increase in phytotoxicity of sod-podzolic soil from the introduction of fresh sewage sludge and its composts with various organic materials (sawdust of coniferous trees, straw of grain crops) on the formation of biomass productivity of energy willow during a repeated cycle of cultivation. Regression and correlation analyses were used to build a mathematical model of biomass productivity under the influence of changes in the phytotoxicity of podzol soil due to repeated introduction of sewage sludge under the energy willow. The obtained regression dependences show that the formation of phytotoxicity of sod-podzolic soil is most affected by the increase in the content of Pb and Cd. However, the introduction of the norm of fresh SS within 80 t/ha did not lead to an increase in the content of these heavy metals above the maximum allowable concentrations, although it contributed to an increase in phytotoxicity to an above average level. The maximum predicted productivity, depending on the content of mobile forms of heavy metals in the soil, is about 60 t/ha at a content of Cd = 0.25; Ni = 1.1 Pb = 4.6 mg/kg soil. As the phytotoxicity of the soil increases to an above-average level (phytotoxic effect 40–46%), the intensity of biomass accumulation of energy willow slows down somewhat. In general, after a repeated cycle of using the plantation during the 4-year growing season of energy willow in all options where fertilizers were applied, the productivity of wood biomass increased significantly compared to the control option by 7.7–17.4 t/ha and with the smallest significant difference between the indicators of the research options 4.23 t/ha.

7

Influence of Chlormequatchloride on Morphogenesis and Productivity of Cruciferous Plants

Polyvanyi Stepan, Polyvana Alina, Sakalova Halyna, Shevchuk Oksana, Khodanitska Olena, Tkachuk Olesia, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Knyazuk Oleg, Stepanenko Inna, Zavalnyuk Oksana

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 9

53--60

EN

At present, there are burning issues concerning waste utilization of the agro-industrial complex, rational usage of nature and transition to the use of environmentally friendly and low-waste technologies. One of the most forward-looking areas is the application of the principles of the so-called "green chemistry", in particular, the development of technological processes using renewable raw materials and chemicals, the chemicals with a short half-life and low cost while ensuring maximum efficiency. The article presents the results of antigiberrelic preparation effect, which is characterized by low dosage and half-life in soil from 3 to 43 days on productivity, growth processes, anatomical, morphological features and functioning of the leaf apparatus of white mustard plants and rapeseed. The research shows that CCC-750 reduced the height of mustard and rapeseed plants. Inhibition of growth processes of white mustard plants at the beginning of the flowering phase with an anti-gibberellic preparation led to increased stem branching, which, in its turn, resulted in an increase in the number and area of leaves throughout the growing season. Moreover, the use of quaternary ammonium salt on winter rape plants has led to a reduction in the number of leaves and leaf area in comparison to the control samples. The application of the retardant caused an increase in the productivity of the studied cultures due to the increase in the number of pods, the increase in the mass of thousands of seeds and the number of seeds in the pod.

8

Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis and Ion Exchange in Water Purification from Nitrates

Gomelya Mykola, Shabliy Tetyana, Makarenko Iryna, Vakulenko Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 10

172--180

EN

The process of extracting nitrates from water by the methods of reverse osmosis and ion exchange was investigated in the paper. In the formation of reverse osmosis, low-pressure membranes were used, and in ion-exchange processes, highly alkaline anionite AB–17–8 was applied in salt form. The dynamics of changes in the concentration of nitrates in the permeate and the concentration with an increase in the degree of permeate selection from 9 to 90% at initial nitrate concentrations of 18, 50 and 100 mg/dm3 were determined. The indicators of selectivity and productivity of membranes were calculated depending on the degree of permeate selection. It was shown that the low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane is characterized by low selectivity values at high productivity values in the selected part of the nitrate concentration. It was established that the ion exchange method is significantly more effective than reverse osmosis in removing nitrates from water. It ensures the reduction of nitrate content in purified water to a value of less than 1 mg/dm3 when the degree of their extraction is reached at the level of 99%. As the ionite is saturated with nitrates, the efficiency of their extraction decreases. Anionite sorbs nitrates effectively enough, being both in the chloride mixture and in the sulfate form. Nitrates are effectively desorbed by 2H solutions of sodium chloride and sodium or ammonium sulfate.

9

Development of Resource-Saving Technologies in the Use of Sedimentation Inhibitors for Reverse Osmosis Installations

Trus Inna, Gomelya Mukola, Skiba Margarita, Pylypenko Tetiana, Krysenko Tamara

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 1

206--215

EN

The processes of desalination of weakly mineralized waters using a reverse osmosis membrane were studied. The operational efficiency of membranes is limited mainly by membrane contamination. It was shown that the preliminary mechanical water purification helps to increase the productivity and selectivity of the membrane. One of the main causes of membrane contamination is the formation of carbonate deposits on their surface. One way to prevent membrane contamination is to dose antiscalants. It was established that the use of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (HPAN) and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAA) as a stabilizer of scale formation is effective for concentrates of reverse osmosis desalination of water.

10

Changes in Agrochemical Parameters of Sod-Podzolic Soil Depending on the Productivity of Cereal Grasses of Different Ripeness and Methods of Tillage in the Carpathian Region

Karbivska Uliana, Asanishvili Nadiia, Butenko Andrii, Rozhko Valentina, Karpenko Olena, Sykalo Оksana, Chernega Tetyana, Masyk Ihor, Chyrva Andrii, Kustovska Alla

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 1

55--63

EN

Productivity and mowing periods of various cereal grasses on sod–podzolic soil of Pre–Carpathians were studied. The presence of sown grasses with different ripeness periods provides uniform supply of mowing mass from the middle of May till late September and productivity of lands, which is 5.4–6.8 t ha-1 of dry mass, exchange energy – 44.1–56.8 GJ ha-1 and 3.81–4.87 t ha-1 f.u. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that with increase of tillage depth from 8–10 cm for surface tillage with disk tools to 20–22 cm by plowing, the productivity of all studied species increased by 2–3% on average for three years with fertilization dose of LSD05 equal to 0.30 t ha-1. Cultivation of cereal grasses on sod–podzolic soils stipulates improvement of their fertility, in particular increasing indices of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

11

Biogeochemical Principles of Plant Product Quality in Agrolandscapes with Typical Chernozems

Yehorova Tetiana, Palapa Nadiya, Nagorniuk Oksana, Sobczyk Wiktoria

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 10

304--316

EN

Peculiarities of formation, distribution and fertility of typical chernozems on the territory of Europe as a whole and within the agricultural lands of Ukraine were given. It is noted that the existing agro-industrial characteristics of agricultural products least reflect the quality of raw materials and therefore are not analyzed as a factor influencing public health. The relevance of biogeochemical research of food (agricultural) raw materials and the introduction of new criteria for its quality were outlined. The purpose of the presented research was to expand the quality indicators of agricultural products on the basis of topical structure of agricultural landscapes and biogeochemical criteria for evaluating "typical chernozems – cereals and vegetables" systems. A system of biogeochemical parameters and quality criteria of plant products containing two components has been developed. The first component is the spatial differentiation of natural and agro-technological features of agrolandscapes (systems of rocks-typical chernozems-cultures), which highlight the prevalence of nutrients in bedrock, particle size distribution of typical chernozems and the ratio of their prevalence within the administrative regions of Ukraine. There are 12 groups of agricultural landscapes that differ in these features. A set of biogeochemical parameters for the distribution of essential elements in the components of the agricultural landscape, criteria for their ecological balance and impact on the quality of agricultural raw materials.Implementation of the proposed criteria for the quality of agricultural products was carried out on the territories of two agrolandscapes of typical chernozems in the Kyiv and Poltava regions.It was established that the physico-chemical balance of Zn, Cu and excess Mo in the rocks and soils of the agro-landscape of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe is not consistent with biogeochemical deficiency of copper and, in part, zinc in cereals (oats). The physico-chemical balance of Zn, Cu in the soils of the agro-landscape of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe does not agree with the biogeochemical deficiency of zinc in vegetable crops (potatoes, carrots, and beets). On the basis of the biogeochemical criteria for the distribution of Zn, Cu, Mo in agricultural landscapes, the proposed territorial measures to improve the quality of grain and vegetable products to prevent copper and zinc "hidden hunger" in the population.

12

Analysis of mining accident levels against the background of changes in productivity and employment in the hard coal mining industry

Wyganowska Małgorzata, Tobór-Osadnik Katarzyna

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2022

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no. 1

117--121

EN

Occupational safety is an extremely important area of concern in every company. In mining companies, it occupies a particularly high position in the hierarchy of tasks and objectives. An accident at work is defined as a sudden event, caused by an external cause, resulting in injury or death of a worker and which occurred in connection with work. An accidental event consists of a number of interrelated adverse technical, organisational, environmental and human events. However, it is recognised that human error (interference) is usually the initiating factor of an accident at work. Among the causes of errors can be distinguished primarily: human failure, characteristics of the tasks performed, the conditions of the physical environment and the impact of the social environment, technical conditions. Therefore, within the framework of accident prevention, apart from the technical sphere, attention is also paid to the sphere of management – motivation, proper training, information flow, as well as assessment of psychophysical features of employees and their adaptation to the workplace. It is even more justified in the situation, where as it results from many years' data of the Central Statistical Office (GUS), the so-called human factor is responsible for about 60% of accidents at work in Poland. €e level of accidents can be analysed from several angles. Interesting is correlation of level of accidents from factors, which have influence on management. €en it is possible by controlling these elements to influence the number of accidents at work. It is especially important in such branch as mining, in which according to GUS data the highest number of accidents was registered in Poland. Intuitively, most causes of accidents, according to the literature, are caused by human factors. A fall in the accident rate should be a natural consequence of a reduction in the workforce. However, a reduction in employment must not result in a decrease in labour productivity. In this article, the authors present the results of a study of correlation between these three indicators: employment level, productivity and accident rate, in Polish coal mines over the period 2003–2020.

PL

Bezpieczeństwo pracy jest niezwykle istotnym obszarem troski w każdym przedsiębiorstwie. W przedsiębiorstwach wydobywczych zajmuje wyjątkowo wysoka pozycję w hierarchii zadań i celów. Wypadek przy pracy definiuje się jako zdarzenie nagłe, wywołane przyczyną zewnętrzną, powodujące uraz lub śmierć pracownika, a które nastąpiło w związku z pracą. Na zdarzenie wypadkowe składa się wiele powiązanych ze sobą niekorzystnych zdarzeń technicznych, organizacyjnych, środowiskowych i ludzkich. Uznaje się jednak, że zazwyczaj czynnikiem inicjującym wypadek przy pracy jest błąd (zakłócenie) człowieka. Pośród przyczyn popełniania błędów można wyróżnić przede wszystkim: niesprawność człowieka, cechy realizowanych zadań, warunki fizycznego środowiska oraz wpływ środowiska społecznego, uwarunkowania techniczne. Dlatego w ramach profilaktyki wypadkowości oprócz sfery technicznej zwraca się uwagę również na sferę zarządzania – motywację, prawidłowe szkolenie, przepływ informacji, a także ocena cech psychofizycznych pracowników i ich dopasowania do stanowiska pracy. Jest to tym bardziej uzasadnione w sytuacji, gdzie jak wynika z wieloletnich danych GUS, za około 60% wypadków przy pracy w Polsce odpowiedzialny jest tzw. czynnik ludzki. Poziom wypadkowości można rozpatrywać w kilku ujęciach. Interesująca jest korelacja poziomu wypadkowości od czynników, na które ma wpływ kierownictwo. Wtedy można sterując tymi elementami wpływać na liczbę wypadków przy pracy. Jest to szczególnie ważne w takiej branży jak górnictwo, w którym według danych GUS odnotowano ich najwięcej w Polsce. Intuicyjnie naturalnym następstwem zmniejszenia zatrudnienia powinien być spadek poziomu wypadkowości. Jednakże zmniejszenie stanu zatrudnienia nie może powodować spadku wydajności pracy. W artykule autorki zaprezentowały wyniki badania korelacji między tymi trzema wskaźnikamiwskaźnikami: poziomem zatrudnienia,wydajnością i wypadkowością, w polskich kopalniach węgla kamiennego na przestrzeni lat 2003–2020.

13

Prioritisation and Analysis of Faults in Shirt Production by the A3 Technique

Küçük Mehmet

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2022

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Nr 2 (151)

35--46

EN

In this study, it was aimed to solve the problems occurring in a clothing company’s shirt manufacturing line. For this Pareto charts and A3 reporting philosophy were used to organise the process in the best way. In line with the examinations and analyses made, an apparatus was developed to shorten the unit time and standardise the quality for the collar preparation process, which is the fault with the highest frequency. Afterward, the collar preparation process was compared according to the situation with the apparatus, manual and automat. As a result of the implementation of the Pareto charts and A3 reporting technique, it can be seen that while the total time spent on the process with the automat is 24.6 seconds, this time is 87% quicker than the apparatus developed, which is 46.2 seconds; however, it needs 95% more investment.

14

Nutrient Balance of Sod-Podzolic Soil Depending on the Productivity of Meadow Agrophytocenosis and Fertilization

Karbivska Uliana, Masyk Ihor, Butenko Andrii, Onychko Viktor, Onychko Tetiana, Kriuchko Lyudmyla, Rozhko Valentina, Karpenko Olena, Kozak Maksym

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 2

70--77

EN

The influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and nutrient balance of sod–podzolic soil when growing cereal meadow agrophytocenosis under conditions of Precarpathians of Ukraine was researched. It was found that the dependence of cereal agrocenosis productivity on the doses and ratios of N, P, K in mineral fertilizers is described by equation (polynomial) of the 2nd degree. Among the mineral elements, nitrogen is has the greatest influence on grass productivity. When applying the total dose of N75 with even distribution of nitrogen under each of three mowings on different backgrounds of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the productivity of cereal grass increases by 2.82–3.06 t ha-1 of dry mass, and when applying N150 by 3.33–4.93 t ha-1 of dry mass. Recoupment of nitrogen fertilizers per 1 kg by yield increase when applying N75 is 38–41 kg of dry mass, which is 4–5 kg more compared to the application of N150. The indices of phosphorus and especially potassium removal, as well as deficiency of these elements in the balance increased along with nitrogen dose. Independently of the phosphorus and potassium doses, the lowest indices are fixed on a nitrogen–free background, and the highest – on the background of N150.

15

Chickpea Varieties Productivity Depending on Combination of Different Sowing Methods and Sowing Rate in the Eastern Forests Steppe of Ukraine

Rozhkov Arthur O., Karpuk Lesia M., Voropai Yuliia V., Popov Serhii I., Polyakov Oleksandr I., Chigrin Olha V., Potashova Larysa M., Gepenko Oleksandra V., Rumbakh Mykhailo Yu.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 1

88--101

EN

The article presents the results of four-year studies on the influence of various combinations of the seeding rate and row-spacing width on plants productivity and grain cropping capacity of chickpea varieties in the conditions of Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The highest productivity of chickpea plants of Budzhak and Odyssey varieties was formed on variants with the lowest seeding rate in combination with 15 cm row-spacing. In this variant plant nutrition area was close to the square with the sides ratio 1.0:1.1. At the same time, through the smaller number of plants per unit of area, the grain yield in this variant was significantly inferior to the variants with a higher seeding rate. Two better combination of the seeding rate and row-spacing width were distinguished which ensure the formation of the highest cropping capacity of both chickpea varieties. This is combination of 800 thousand pieces/ha seeding rate with 15 cm row-spacing and 700 thousand pieces/ha seeding rate with 30 cm row-spacing. On mentioned variants, the grain yield of Budzhak variety was 2.34 and 2.44 t/ha respectively, and the grain yield of Odyssey variety - 2.61 and 2.51 t/ha.

16

Rodzaj zatrudnienia a dobrostan psychiczny i zaangażowanie pracowników – na podstawie przeglądu literatury

Żołnierczyk-Zreda Dorota

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2022

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nr 2

14-18

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano przegląd literatury dotyczącej badań nad związkiem pomiędzy rodzajem zatrudnienia a dobrostanem psychicznym i zaangażowaniem pracowników, które zrealizowano w wielu krajach europejskich i pozaeuropejskich w ostatnich dekadach. Te wyniki nie są jednoznaczne. Niektóre z nich wskazują na to, że to pracownicy zatrudnieni na podstawie umów na czas nieokreślony mają lepsze samopoczucie psychiczne i są bardziej wydajni w pracy niż pracownicy zatrudnieni czasowo, inne zaś pokazują odwrotne zależności. Jedną z przyczyn tych rozbieżności może być różny kontekst społeczno-gospodarczym krajów, w których przeprowadzano te badania. Z punktu widzenia zarówno sukcesu ekonomicznego, jak i zachowania zdrowia pracowników, wskazane byłoby przeprowadzenie podobnych badań także w Polsce. Na tle zwiększającego się prawdopodobieństwa zanikania zatrudnienia stałego na rynku pracy w świecie jesteśmy bowiem krajem, który ze względu na najwyższe wskaźniki zatrudnienia czasowego może doświadczać tego procesu szybciej niż inne kraje.

EN

The article presents a review of the literature on research on the relationship between the type of employment contract and the well-being and productivity of employees, carried out in many European and non-European countries in recent decades. These results are inconclusive. Some of them indicate that employees employed under permanent contracts have a better mental well-being and are more productive at work than temporary employees, while others show the opposite relationship. One of the reasons for these discrepancies may be the different socio-economic context of the countries in which the research was carried out. In the context of the increasing probability of disappearance of permanent employment on the labour market in the world in general, we are a country which, due to the highest rates of temporary employment, can experience this process faster than other countries.

17

Analiza czynników wpływających na efektywność procesów w zakładach produkcyjnych o niskim stopniu automatyzacji - studium przypadku

Kłos Sławomir, Nalewa Tomasz

Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem

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2021

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Vol. 24, nr 3-4

14--25

EN

Automotive companies require continuous development and demonstration of huge adaptability to market requirements. The level of competition in this sector has created the need to increase productivity, productivity and quality to meet customer requirements. Despite the opportunities offered by automation of production and logistics systems, many companies, especially the automotive industry, still rely on man-made work because of its flexibility and cognitive and motor skills, which machines are unable to perform. It should be pointed out that the multivariantity and specificity of production technologies and the time of technological changeovers make a low level of automation or lack thereof the only right alternative. At work, an attempt was made to carry out an analysis of factors affecting the efficiency of low-automation production processes on the example of a polish manufacturing company from the automotive industry.

18

Influence of temperature based process parameter compensation on process efficiency and productivity

Pater Jerzy, Basara Damian, Stadnicka Dorota

Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu

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2021

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nr 2

44--51

PL

Warunki w środowisku pracy związane np. zapyleniem, wibracjami lub temperaturą mogą mieć negatywny wpływ zarówno na proces produkcyjny, jak i na wytwarzany produkt. Nieodpowiednie i niestabilne warunki mogą powodować niestabilność procesu produkcyjnego i pogarszać jakość wytwarzanych wyrobów. Co więcej, może to spowodować stratę czasu i zmniejszyć wydajność i produktywność. W artykule przeanalizowano problem wpływu temperatury na proces produkcyjny. Monitorowanie temperatury nie wystarczy, aby zapewnić osiągnięcie celów produkcyjnych. Konieczne jest odpowiednie dostosowanie parametrów procesu produkcyjnego, aby nie powstawały niezgodności wynikające ze zmian wartości temperatury i aby nie pojawiały się opóźnienia. Artykuł dotyczy wydajności i produktywności systemu produkcyjnego, który pracuje w niestabilnym środowisku pracy. Autorzy udowadniają, że zastosowanie kompensacji parametrów procesu produkcyjnego może znacząco poprawić zarówno wydajność, jak i produktywność. Wartości wydajności i produktywności były monitorowane w ustalonym okresie czasu dla systemu produkcyjnego, na którym realizowany jest proces produkcyjny. Następnie wprowadzono procedurę kompensacji parametrów procesu. Po czym, w określonym przedziale czasu zebrano dane i porównano wartości wydajności i produktywności z wartościami uzyskanymi wcześniej. Dodatkowo autorzy proponują wprowadzenie wskaźnika całkowitej efektywności wyposażenia (OEE) i w artykule przedstawiono informacje o sposobach zbierania danych dla obliczenia OEE.

EN

Conditions in the working environment related e.g. to dust, vibration or temperature may have a negative impact on both, the production process and the manufactured product. Inappropriate and unstable conditions can cause instability of the production process and deteriorate the quality of manufactured products. Moreover, this can induce time waste and decrease the efficiency and productivity. In this paper the problem of temperature influence on a manufacturing process is analyzed. Monitoring of the temperature is not enough to ensure the achievement of manufacturing goals. It is necessary to adapt the parameters of the production process accordingly so that no nonconformities arise due to changes in temperature values and no delays appear. This paper deals with the efficiency and productivity of a manufacturing system which work under unstable working environment. The authors prove that application of the manufacturing process parameters compensation can significantly improve both, efficiency and productivity. The values of efficiency and productivity were monitored within a fixed period of time for a manufacturing system, on where the manufacturing process is realized. Then, a procedure of process parameters compensation was introduced. Next, within a fixed period of time the data were collected and the efficiency and productivity values were compared with the values obtained before. Additionally, the authors propose to introduce the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) indicator and present information about ways of data collecting.

19

Większa produktywność toczenia stali dzięki węglikowym płytkom

Świat Obrabiarek i Narzędzi

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2021

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R. 16, nr 2

20

Influence of electricity quality on technological characteristics of agricultural machines

Sinyavsky Oleksandr, Savchenko Vitaliy, Solomko Nataliya, Kisten Volodymyr, Zaloznyi Roman

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 8

84--87

EN

In case of voltage deviation and asymmetry, the speed and productivity of agricultural machines changes according to a complex algorithm. The limits of change of these values are determined by mechanical characteristics of a machine and the stiffer modulus of electric motor’s mechanical characteristics. They change most significantly in machines with a moment of static resistance, independent and hyperbolically dependent on the speed.

PL

W przypadku odchylenia napięcia i asymetrii prędkość wydajność maszyn rolniczych zmienia się zgodnie ze złożonym algorytmem. Granice zmiany tych wartości wyznaczają właściwości mechaniczne maszyny oraz sztywniejszy moduł właściwości mechanicznych silnika elektrycznego. Najbardziej zmieniają się one w maszynach z momentem statycznego oporu, niezależnym i hiperbolicznie zależnym od prędkości.