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1

Possibilities of regression analysis in processing thermal conductivity measurement data

Hotra Oleksandra, Grądz Żaklin, Kovtun Svitlana, Boyko Oksana, Hanus Robert, Wilk Barbara

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2025

|

Vol. 19, no. 4

294–303

EN

When implementing energy saving measures, the key is the correct choice of thermal insulation materials, the main characteristic of which is the thermal conductivity coefficient. Missing part of the data, which may occur during investigation of materials in natural conditions, can lead to incorrect determination of the corresponding characteristic, which negatively affects the effectiveness of the implemented measures and energy saving. Therefore, reconstruction of the missing data at the stage of preliminary processing of measured signals to obtain complete and accurate data when determining the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials will avoid this situation. The article presents the results of regression analysis of data obtained during express control of thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials based on the local thermal impact method. Regression models were built for signal reconstruction with 10%, 20% and 30% missing data, using which a relative error of determination the thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 8% was obtained. This is acceptable for express control of thermal conductivity and indicates the correctness of data restoration in this way. In addition, an algorithm is provided for determining signal stationarity, which allows to reasonably reduce the duration of each material with a given level of permissible error.

2

The Influence of the World Grain Market on Prevalence of Mankind’s Undernourishment in the Times of War on the Ukraine

Kozlovskyi Serhii, Yousuf Allam, Butenko Vira, Kulinich Tetiana, Bohdaniuk Olena, Nikolenko Liudmyla, Lavrov Ruslan

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2024

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Vol. 19, no. 1

31--42

EN

The world cereal production and supply as well as their trade, stock and losses are important indicators of the world market of cereals. They play a huge role in ensuring food security. The aim of this research is to identify the relation of the indicators of the world grain crops market (production, supply, losses, trade, stocks) and the level of malnutrition Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU) among the world's population. Based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), a correlation-regression analysis was conducted between indicators of the global grain crops market, in particular: the wheat market, the fodder market of grain crops, the rice market and PoU of the world population for the period 2013/14 – 2020/2021 marketing years. It has been proven that there is a close, statistically reliable relationship between the above mentioned indicators, except for grain stocks and POU. The analysis of the world cereal market showed that among the indicators characterizing its conditions, the indicator trade in grain crops (r = 0.851; D = 0.724; F = 3.968, (F > F t ); z = 1.26; rL = 0.37; rU = 0.97) has the highest level of correlation. It was found that with an increase in the volume of world cereal trade by 1 million tons, the PoU level will increase by 0.018%. A review of literary sources proves that the problem of ensuring food security, in particular with regard to reducing the level of starvation and malnutrition, cannot be solved only by fighting climate change, overcoming socio-economic and military problems, fighting pandemics, etc. Its solution to a large extent depends on fair, uniform export and import of food products, as evidenced by the calculations. A separate direction for solving the problem of the spread of malnutrition is the elimination of the policy of highly developed countries regarding the application of individual sanctions against countries with high PoU values, in particular, the Central African Republic, Madagascar, Haiti, Afghanistan, Chad, Congo, Lesotho, Liberia, Mozambique, etc.

PL

Światowa produkcja i podaż zbóż, a także handel nimi, zapasy i straty są ważnymi wskaźnikami światowego rynku zbóż. Odgrywają ogromną rolę w zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego. Celem badań jest identyfikacja zależności wskaźników światowego rynku zbóż (produkcja, podaż, straty, handel, zapasy) a poziomem niedożywienia (PoU) wśród ludności świata. Na podstawie danych Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych ds. Wyżywienia i Rolnictwa (FAO) przeprowadzono analizę korelacji-regresji pomiędzy wskaźnikami światowego rynku zbóż, w szczególności: rynkiem pszenicy, rynkiem paszowym zbóż, rynkiem rynek ryżu i PoU światowej populacji w latach gospodarczych 2013/14 – 2020/2021. Wykazano, że istnieje ścisła, statystycznie wiarygodna zależność pomiędzy wymienionymi wskaźnikami, z wyjątkiem zapasów zbóż i POU. Analiza światowego rynku zbóż wykazała, że wśród wskaźników charakteryzujących jego warunki znajduje się wskaźnik handlu zbożami (r = 0,851; D = 0,724; F = 3,968, (F > F t ); z = 1,26; rL = 0,37; rU = 0,97) wykazuje najwyższy poziomem korelacji. Stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem wolumenu światowego handlu zbożami o 1 milion ton poziom PoU wzrośnie o 0,018%. Przegląd źródeł literackich dowodzi, że problemu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego, w szczególności w zakresie ograniczenia poziomu głodu i niedożywienia, nie można rozwiązać jedynie poprzez walkę ze zmianami klimatycznymi, przezwyciężanie problemów społeczno-gospodarczych i militarnych, walkę z pandemiami itp. Jego rozwiązanie w dużej mierze zależy od sprawiedliwego, jednolitego eksportu i importu produktów spożywczych, co potwierdzają wyliczenia. Odrębnym kierunkiem rozwiązania problemu szerzenia się niedożywienia jest eliminowanie polityki krajów wysoko rozwiniętych w zakresie stosowania indywidualnych sankcji wobec krajów o wysokich wartościach PoU, w szczególności Republiki Środkowoafrykańskiej, Madagaskaru, Haiti, Afganistanu, Czadu, Kongo, Lesotho, Liberii i Mozambiku.

3

Regression analysis of experimental data in a study of the performance of a flat flame burner

Petrov Ivan Antonov

Polityka Energetyczna

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2024

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T. 27, z. 2

89--104

EN

The complex nature of the combustion process, which simultaneously obeys the laws of thermodynamics, heat transfer, aerodynamics and the chemical kinetics of oxidation reactions, makes numerical modelling very difficult and the experimental approach is currently playing a crucial role in their investigation. The modern highly developed theory of experimental design combines various analytical procedures that allow, with a minimum number of experiments, the obtaining of maximum information about the physical or technological processes under investigation, the properties of materials and phenomena. The ability to determine the influence of the main mode and design parameters on the geometrical characteristics of the flare is a prerequisite for effectively influencing the combustion process in order to intensify it. The present work is an introduction to the methods of planning and knowledge of multifactorial experiments, including: the preparation, conduct and processing of experimental results; mastering the methodology of experimental research; using the methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis to plan experiments; developing the ability to analyze the object of study; correctly selecting the optimization parameter and the essential factors of the object of study; building an experiment planning matrix to obtain an adequate mathematical model of the object. The objective of this work is to propose an approach to study the effect of mode and design parameters, on the basic dimensions and shape of the gas flare, based on regression analysis of experimental data in the study of the performance of a flat flame burner.

PL

Złożony charakter procesu spalania, który jednocześnie podlega prawom termodynamiki, wymiany ciepła, aerodynamiki i kinetyce chemicznej reakcji utleniania, sprawia, że modelowanie numeryczne jest bardzo trudne, a podejście eksperymentalne odgrywa obecnie kluczową rolę w ich badaniach. Nowoczesna, wysoko rozwinięta teoria projektowania eksperymentów łączy w sobie różne procedury analityczne, które pozwalają przy minimalnej liczbie eksperymentów uzyskać maksimum informacji o badanych procesach fizycznych lub technologicznych, właściwościach materiałów i zjawiskach. Umiejętność określenia wpływu trybu głównego i parametrów konstrukcyjnych na charakterystykę geometryczną płomienia jest warunkiem skutecznego oddziaływania na proces spalania w celu jego intensyfikacji. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi wprowadzenie do metod planowania i wiedzy o eksperymentach wieloczynnikowych, obejmujące: przygotowanie, prowadzenie i przetwarzanie wyników eksperymentów; opanowanie metodyki badań eksperymentalnych; wykorzystanie metod statystyki matematycznej i analizy regresji do planowania eksperymentów; rozwijanie umiejętności analizy przedmiotu studiów; prawidłowy dobór parametru optymalizacyjnego i istotnych czynników przedmiotu badań; zbudowanie macierzy planowania eksperymentu w celu uzyskania odpowiedniego modelu matematycznego obiektu. Celem artykułu jest zaproponowanie podejścia do badania wpływu trybu i parametrów projektowych na podstawowe wymiary i kształt pochodni gazowej, w oparciu o analizę regresji danych eksperymentalnych w badaniu wydajności palnika z płaskim płomieniem.

4

The Impact of Ukraine’s Involvement in Global Value Chains on the Development of the Processing Industry

Mytsenko Valerii, Babets Iryna, Mytsenko Ivan, Fleychuk Mariya, Dorosh-Kizym Mariana

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2024

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Vol. 15, No. 2

99--111

EN

The relevance of the research is determined as Ukraine, a country with a developed manufacturing industry, opens up new opportunities and challenges in the context of the global economy, which is increasingly based on global value chains, and studying this impact is key to achieving economic growth and competitiveness. The study aims to examine the relationship between Ukraine’s participation in global value chains and the development of the manufacturing industry to identify opportunities and prospects for their interaction. The methods used were analytical, functional, system analysis, deduction, synthesis, and comparison. The results showed that industrial development is closely linked to changes in production, exports, and participation in global value chains, which affect production volumes and the number of employees in Ukrainian industries. The practical implications are to facilitate the development of better export strategies and improve sectoral policies to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of Ukrainian enterprises in global value chains.

5

Regression Analysis as a Tool for Assessing the Causal Relationships Between Urban Form and Socioeconomic Indicators of Urban Life

Cysek-Pawlak Monika Maria, Krzysztofik Sylwia, Polishchuk Andrii

Builder

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2024

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R.28, nr 9

14--17

EN

The article addresses the issue of the functional dependency between the urban environment and social life in the city. The research hypothesis concerns that the regression analysis, the tool that is designed and dedicated to extract deterministic dependencies from random data is the method that could be applied in planning research in order to access the impact of the urban form on the socioeconomic variables in the city. Authors briefly describe the possibilities of regression analysis and provide example of its application in urban planning.

PL

Artykuł porusza kwestię zależności funkcjonalnej między środowiskiem miejskim a życiem społecznym w mieście. Hipoteza badawcza zakłada, że analiza regresji, narzędzie zaprojektowane i dedykowane do wyodrębniania deterministycznych zależności z losowych danych, jest metodą, która może być zastosowana w badaniach planistycznych w celu oceny wpływu formy urbanistycznej na zmienne społeczno-ekonomiczne w mieście. Autorzy krótko opisują możliwości analizy regresji i podają przykład jej zastosowania w planowaniu urbanistycznym.

6

Construction monitoring and analysis of low mountain ridge tunnel

Ouyang Jian, Wang Haijun, Wu Luxiang, Zhang Kexin, Xue Xingwei

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 70, nr 1

573--587

EN

In order to obtain the change rule of surrounding rock structure displacement and supporting structure internal force with time during the construction of the low mountain ridge tunnel, this paper relies on the Xishan Tunnel Project as the background. During tunneling, the displacement around the tunnel, the subsidence of the surface, the internal force of the steel arch and the pressure between the two layers of support are monitored dynamically. According to the above monitoring and measurement data, and the monitoring data analysis and nonlinear regression fitting, the predicted trend curve is obtained, the displacement change rules and characteristics of various surrounding rocks of the tunnel are obtained, to ensure the construction safety and stability requirements of supporting structure, and to provide a reasonable opportunity for the construction of secondary lining.

7

The Comparison of One-Variable and Two-Variable Polynomial Regression Models to Measure the Cellular Concrete Moisture Using the Time Domain Reflectometry Method

Jastrzębska Magdalena, Futa Anna, Mikušová Dominika, Suchorab Zbigniew

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 7

239--249

EN

In the paper there are presented models for moisture assessment applying the two reflectometric sensors in the cellular concrete samples. The readouts express the dependence between the cellular concrete moisture, measured in gravimetric way and the apparent permittivity values achieved by the Time Domain Reflectometry method and two surface sensors. According to observed relationships, the two types of calibration models were derived – the first model is a traditional one-variable model covering only time of signal propagation and the second one two-variable model which together with signal propagation time takes into account signal attenuation. The aim of this paper is to verify the efficiency of multiple regression to improve the accuracy of moisture estimation using the TDR technique. The applied models that consider amplitude attenuation are used for this type of analysis for the first time. With the conducted research and analyses, it was shown that the measurement quality of the method could be improved by obtaining more favorable values of the determination coefficient, Residual Standard Error, Root Mean Squared Error. Also the correlation analysis shows a better fit of two-variable models than one-variable to the obtained data.

8

Application of regression models on the prediction of corrosion degradation of a crude oil distillation unit

Varbai Balázs, Wéber Richárd, Farkas Balázs, Danyi Péter, Krójer Antal, Locskai Roland, Bohács György, Hős Csaba

Advances in Materials Science

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2024

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Vol. 24, nr 1(79)

72--85

EN

The crude distillation unit is the most critical elements in the refining process. Moreover, most of the equipment in the distillation unit are made of general carbon steels. Data analysis models, machine learning techniques can predict corrosion degradation rates. We used Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression, to predict the impact of process parameters. Altogether, we have analysed 84 channels of technological parameters, and 22 different types of crude oils. Among the corrosion agents, the chloride content strongly affected the weight loss of coupons, where the highest coefficient was 0.68. The most influential parameter is found to be the pH value. Thus, an estimation method of the pH value is set up to predict the corrosion degradation rate. The regression correlation for estimating the pH value is 0.53 if the corrosion agents are not used, which can be improved to 0.76 if the corrosion agents are also used in the regression analysis.

9

Impact of EU allowances cost on the financial results of polish power companies

Jerzemowska Magdalena, Krzywdziński Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 170

179--202

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to estimate the impact of the EU Allowances price increase on the financial results and return on investment in the portfolio of shares of four listed power companies, i.e., Enea S.A., Energa S.A., PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna S.A., and TAURON Polska Energia S.A. Design/methodology/approach: Financial analysis of energy groups. Statistical analysis, a linear regression model with 6 independent variables and the dependent variable, i.e., the return on investment in the portfolio of shares of the analyzed companies. The studies cover the years 2016-2021. Findings: The results of the financial analysis show that the analyzed energy groups did not always could include increased operating costs in the price of energy sold in 2016-2021? The linear regression analysis did not indicate that the decrease in the profitability of investments in the shares of the surveyed companies can be explained by the increase in the prices of EU Allowances. Research limitation/implications: The inability to determine the unequivocal impact of the EU Allowances price increase on the financial results and share prices of the considered companies can be explained by the number of operating segments in the energy groups, the outbreak of the COVID pandemic and negative GDP in 2020, and the "upward rebound" of the economy after the pandemic and high GDP in 2021. Practical implications: The analysis is useful for shareholders of electricity companies and politicians who create regulations concerning the Polish energy policy. The results of the study are useful to all stakeholders of electricity companies. Social influence: The high costs of EU Allowances affect electricity prices for the Polish society and prove very high CO2 emissions when producing electricity in Poland. Originality/value: The conducted financial analysis and regression analysis are one of the first attempts to indicate the impact of the increase in the cost of CO2 emission allowances on the financial results and share prices of Polish energy companies. The article contributes to reducing the research gap existing in Polish literature in this area.

10

Analysis of pedestrian characteristics crossing along roads

Asmael Noor M., Waheed Mohanned Q.

Transport Problems

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2023

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T. 18, z. 4

189--200

EN

Pedestrian crossing represents a substantial problem. In Iraq, there are no spaces marked specifically for pedestrians, which causes many conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians that lead to many accidents. The pedestrian death rate has increased recently due to the deficiency in adequate pedestrian infrastructure. However, to date, limited research has measured pedestrian behavior at crossing intersections in Iraq. There is a need to carry out in-depth studies to analyze crossing behavior to increase traffic efficiency and pedestrian crossing safety. Pedestrian crossing behavior is a serious issue to be addressed to provide adequate pedestrian facilities to enhance the pedestrian traffic environment. Road safety can be improved by locating crossing locations at the right locations and enforcing laws for pedestrian crossing. This study analyzes pedestrian crossing behavior in Baghdad City, Iraq, for four intersections at an unmarked crossing in the Central Business District (CBD) area. All required data were collected by video recording and a field questionnaire. Then, the data were extracted from video recordings and classified according to the selected variables. The period for observing the behavior was during the morning peak hours (November; time: 8:00 to 9:00 a.m.) for three days per week during normal conditions. This study examines pedestrian characteristics, vehicle/pedestrian flow characteristics, and traffic environment. Crossing patterns were followed for different gender and age groups. The finding reveals that the mean pedestrian speed is 1.33 m/sec. Also, males have a higher speed than females. The influences of age, gender, group size, and road width significantly affected pedestrian speed. The pedestrian speed decreased as pedestrian age increased. Gender and group size had significant effects on distinct crossing speeds. In addition, there is a weak significant correlation between pedestrian speed and selected variables. The study recommended specific marked places where a pedestrian must be located, and according to the pedestrian speed estimated in this study, a signal control for a pedestrian is recommended to be set up beside the street to organize the crossing with appropriate time for crossing safely.

11

Managerial perspective on ESG and financial performance of car manufacturers

Tancke Leon Martin, Užík Martin, Block Sebastian, Glova Jozef, Boha Hithim

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2023

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Vol. 28. No. 1

330--343

EN

This study aims to analyse the relationship between world-largest car manufacturers' environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosures and their financial and market-based performance. For this purpose, the models of choice were panel data considering ten years. A set of independent control variables and ESG score or subsets of the ESG score were investigated against the dependent measures of a firm’s financial (ROA) and market-based (Tobin’s Q) performance. The paper's novelty is the industry-specific perspective and results that are scarce and indicate a mixed influence of the ESG subsets. The results obtained by regression analysis underline a non-significant positive relationship between ESG and ROA, meaning ESG activities are valued less than expected. Interestingly, the market's valuation, which Tobin's Q should capture, has presented some significant influence. That implies that investors value ESG performance in the long term, which is particularly relevant information for decision-makers in the automotive industry.

PL

Niniejsze badanie ma na celu analizę związku między ujawnianymi przez największych światowych producentów samochodów informacjami dotyczącymi środowiska, społeczeństwa i ładu korporacyjnego (ESG) a ich wynikami finansowymi i rynkowymi. W tym celu wybrano modele danych panelowych obejmujące dziesięć lat. Zestaw zmiennych kontrolnych niezależnych i wynik ESG lub podzbiory wyniku ESG zostały zbadane pod kątem zależnych miar wyników finansowych (ROA) i rynkowych (Q Tobina) firmy. Nowością w artykule jest perspektywa branżowa i wyniki, które są rzadkie i wskazują na mieszany wpływ podzbiorów ESG. Wyniki uzyskane za pomocą analizy regresji podkreślają nieistotny dodatni związek między ESG a ROA, co oznacza, że działania ESG są wyceniane niżej niż oczekiwano. Co ciekawe, wycena rynkowa, którą powinno odzwierciedlać Q Tobina, wykazała pewien znaczący wpływ. Oznacza to, że inwestorzy cenią wyniki ESG w perspektywie długoterminowej, co jest szczególnie istotną informacją dla decydentów w branży motoryzacyjnej.

12

The correlation of water quality parameters over wireless sensors generated dataset in the Sitnica River in Kosovo

Ahmedi Figene, Makolli Shkumbin

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 59

8--12

EN

In this paper, the regression analysis technique is applied to a large water quality dataset for the Sitnica River in Kosovo. It has been done to assess the correlation between water quality parameters. The data are generated by a wireless sensors network deployed in Sitnica. A regression analysis is applied to four water quality parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and electrical conductivity. The correlation between each pair of parameters has been assessed by using the WEKA software package, which is a popular time-saving tool for data analysis in distinct domains. The data are pre-processed to exclude out-of-range values and then the assessment of correlation for the pairs of parameters is applied. In comparison to other pairs of water quality parameters, the results show that dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity correlate particularly closely with temperature. Regression equations of these two pairs of parameters may provide inferred information on dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity about the Sitnica River. Such information may otherwise not be available to resource managers in Kosovo. Moreover, due to its easy to use and availability as an open-source software, WEKA may aid decision-makers on the management providing almost real-time information about surface water quality within the basin. This can be particularly useful especially in the case of continuous observation of water quality and a huge dataset gathered by using wireless sensors.

13

Mapping of Cornfield Soil Salinity in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Smanov Zhassulan Maratuly, Laiskhanov Shakhislam Uzakbaevich, Poshanov Maksat Nurbaiuly, Abikbayev Yerzhan Rakhimkeldievich, Duisekov Saken Nurzhanuly, Tulegenov Yerdaulet Askarbekovich

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 1

146--158

EN

Soil salinization and their annual increase in volume is not only one of the main problems of arid and subarid regions, but it is becoming global. Studying the problem of salinization and its spatial distribution using operational remote sensing methods is very important for Kazakhstan, where almost half of the agricultural land is exposed to salinization, but it is at the initial stage of development in the use of space technologies of research. The main goal of this study is to conduct a field study of soil salinity in corn fields, one of the most common crops in the arid region of the country, located in the Shaulder irrigated massif, using space-based methods, and to create algorithms for compiling a salinity map based on remote sensing data. For this purpose, firstly, using Sentinel-2 images, the method of separating corn from other dominant crops in the region by creating NDVI dynamics covering all phases of growth of agricultural crops was shown. Then, a regression analysis was performed on soil and vegetation indices calculated using satellite images and data on soil salinity obtained through field studies. As a result of the analysis, the main predictor of deciphering salinized soils was determined. By dividing the predictive image into quartiles, contours of salinized soils were determined and a soil salinity map was created. With the help of the soil salinity map, it was found that, non-saline soils – 2912.2 ha; slightly saline soils – 3288.4 ha, moderately saline soils – 2615.2 ha, and strongly saline soils – 1284.3 ha in the study area.

14

Monitoring of engine oil degradation and possiblities of life predictions in combustion engine

Lukášik Pavol

Diagnostyka

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, No. 3

art. no. 2023306

EN

The article entitled Monitoring of engine oil degradation and possibilities of life prediction in combustion engine deals with chronological monitoring of engine oil on the monitored object - a passenger car with a petrol engine. The research concerns the basic physico-chemical parameters of motor oil, where it discusses the operational factors that contribute to its degradation. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the analysis of the current state of the problem in the chemical composition of engine oils, analysis of the current state of contact indicators of oil quality in lubrication systems of internal combustion engines and analysis of contactless systems "live" evaluating engine oil quality during vehicle operation. The research part of the work includes the collection of operational data, laboratory analysis of oil samples and statistical processing of the results of tribodiagnostic monitoring. This article discusses the 1st phase of extensive long-term research in the field of tribology and operation of the Mitsubishi Lancer 1.5 Inform motor vehicle.

15

Koszty naprawy awarii przewodów wodociągowych

Studziński Andrzej

Materiały Budowlane

|

2022

|

nr 11

162--164

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę kosztów naprawy przewodów wodociągowych, której podstawą są dane eksploatacyjne. W analizie uwzględniono koszty bezpośrednie, na które składają się koszty materiałów, sprzętu oraz robocizny. Wykorzystano wieloetapową analizę regresji, rozpatrywano zależność kosztów usuwania awarii od średnicy przewodu, jego rodzaju, materiału oraz czasu trwania naprawy. Badania nie wykazały zależności kosztów od materiału przewodu i jego rodzaju na przyjętym poziomie istotności 0,05.

EN

The paper presents an analysis of the costs of repairing water pipes, which is based on operational data. The analysis took into account direct costs, which include the cost of materials, equipment and labor. A multi-stage regression analysis was used, the dependence of failure removal costs on: the diameter of the pipeline, its type, material and the duration of the repair was considered. The research did not show any dependence of costs on the pipe material and its type at the statistical significance 0.05.

16

Optimization of characteristic diagram based thermal error compensation via load case dependent model updates

Naumann Christian, Glänzel Janine, Dix Martin, Ihlenfeldt Steffen, Klimant Philipp

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, No. 2

43--56

EN

The compensation of thermal errors in machine tools is one of the major challenges in ensuring positioning accuracy during cutting operations. There are numerous methods for both the model-based estimation of the thermal tool center point (TCP) deflection and for controlling the thermal or thermo-elastic behavior of the machine tool. One branch of thermal error estimation uses regression models to map temperature sensors directly onto the TCP-displacement. This can, e.g., be accomplished using linear models, artificial neural networks or characteristic diagrams. One of the main limitations of these models is the poor extrapolation behavior with regard to untrained load cases. This paper presents a new method for updating characteristic diagram based compensation models by combining existing models with new measurements. This allows the optimization of the compensation for serial production load cases without the effort of computing a new model. The new method was validated on a 5-axis machining center.

17

Geospatial Assessment of Regression Analysis Between the Hydrocarbon Content in Surface Waters and Snow Cover on the Example of the Territories of the Far North of Russia

Martynova Natalia, Budarova Valentina, Kravchenko Victoria

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 3

74--83

EN

The article presents the generalized results obtained from the analysis of oil pollution of surface waters in the fields of the Far North. The research considered the administrative territorial division of the Russian Federation, the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (KhMAO). The results of the study performed on the basis of field data on sampling for the year were presented. The influence of the hydrocarbon content in surface waters and snow cover was assessed. The aim of the work was to consider the snow cover as a natural source of pollutants, affecting the accumulation in surface waters and snow cover. The results obtained can be used for subsequent observations of snow cover and surface waters. The data obtained can serve as a basis for planning further research and developing the solutions for environmental protection in the Far North. The analysis of the dependencies between the indicators of hydrocarbon pollution in surface waters and snow cover was carried out using the methods of correlation and parametric multivariate regression analysis. The methods of geoinformation analysis and GIS technologies were also used in the work. It was revealed that the problem of the state of snow cover and its role as an indicator of atmospheric and soil pollution require further research. On the one hand, the snow cover detains metals, and polluted soil areas are formed locally, on the other hand, after the snow melts, the pollutants remaining on the surface with surface runoff enter rivers and are carried by the wind for quite long distances.

18

Biological Absorption of Chemical Elements in Topinambur Plants by Separation of Wastewater in Podzol Soil

Lopushnyak Vasyl, Hrytsuliak Halyna, Kozova Iryna, Jakubowski Tomasz, Kotsyubynska Yulia, Polutrenko Miroslava, Kozan Natalia

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 9

18--24

EN

The application of sewage sludge as a fertilizer in podzols soil ambiguously affects the peculiarities of the accumulation of certain chemical elements in various organs of the Jerusalem artichoke plants. Experimental factors in the study were different doses of sewage sludge from sludge maps of wastewater treatment plants and its compost with cereal straw, included together with the compensatory dose of mineral fertilizers to the norm N90P90K90 in the Jerusalem artichoke plantation. Determination of the content of chemical elements in soil and plants was carried out by X-ray fluorescence analysis. According to the results of research, it was established that the change of mineral nutrition conditions of Jerusalem artichoke causes significant changes in the chemical composition of its tubers and vegetative mass. Studies have shown a clear positive effect of increasing doses of SS on increasing the content in tubers: K – to 7.9%, Ca – to 1.9, Fe – to 1.9, in green mass: O – to 31.8%, K – to 31.6, Ca – to 24.9, Mg – to 5.9, Mn – to 0.7, Fe – to 0.4 and K – to 34.5%. The coefficients of biological absorption for most chemical elements are more than 1, but for O, Al, Si, Fe, these figures were less than 1. Regression models of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium content in the vegetative mass of Jerusalem artichoke indicate a high and moderate dependence of these indicators on their content in Jerusalem artichoke tubers and soil.

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Porównanie klas stanu technicznego dwu różnych zbiorów kamionkowych przewodów kanalizacyjnych

Kuliczkowska Emilia, Wijas Katarzyna

Instal

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2022

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nr 10

42--46

PL

W artykule przedstawiono rezultaty analizy wyników badań CCTV dwóch zbiorów długo eksploatowanych kamionkowych przewodów kanalizacji sanitarnej w różnych miastach w Polsce. Celem przeprowadzonej analizy było sprawdzenie, czy występowały różnice w rozkładzie przyporządkowania klas stanu technicznego przewodom kanalizacyjnym w analizowanych zbiorach. Sformułowano wnioski wskazujące, czy zbiory różniły się pod względem planowanych terminów odnowy w zakresie kryterium hydrauliczno-eksploatacyjnego, zagrożeń środowiska i bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji.

EN

The paper presents the results of the analysis of CCTV studies of two collections of long-operated vitrified clay sanitary sewer pipes in various cities in Poland. The aim of the analysis was to check whether there were differences in the distribution of the assignment of technical condition classes to sewer pipes in the analyzed sets. Conclusions were formulated whether the collections differed in terms of the planned renewal dates in terms of the hydraulic and operational criterion, environmental hazards and construction safety.

20

Non-destructive testing using uv-induced colour changes to predict mechanical properties of kraft packaging paper

Gençer Ayhan, Can Ahmet, Kurt Rıfat, Keşmer Cengiz

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

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2022

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Vol. 65, nr 210

art. no. 1644-3985.415.07

EN

This study measured the decrease in some mechanical properties of kraft paper used in packaging and bag production by examining the colour changes occurring in accordingly prepared standard samples subjected to UV influence. Thus, it is aimed to predict the mechanical properties of packages that have been exposed to sunlight over long periods of time with the colour change measurement, which is a non-destructive test, without the packaging deformation. Since there are mechanical differences between the cross-machine width and machine length of fabricated papers, these were measured separately. Measurements were made on papers exposed to UV for 0, 120, 240, 360, 480, 600, and 720 h. Tensile strength, strain at break, and tensile energy absorption (TEA) values were measured and also predicted for the kraft paper. For the prediction, the time and colour change values were used as independent variables, whereas the mechanical properties were taken as the dependent variables. The relationship between the time and colour change and the tensile strength, strain at break, and TEA variables in both the cross-machine and the machine directions were significant at the 5% level, and the R2 values were within acceptable limits. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the papers under UV effect decreased proportionally with the increase of the UV time.