Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Drewniane budynki wysokie - możliwości i ograniczenia

Dzun Michał

Przegląd Budowlany

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2024

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R. 95, nr 1-2

40--43

PL

Drewniane budynki wysokie towarzyszą ludziom od wieków. Współczesny rozwój technologii materiałowej, narzędzi do projektowania i wysoki stopień prefabrykacji pozwolił na budowanie wysokich budynków w stosunkowo niedługim czasie. Mając na uwadze te aspekty oraz proekologiczne względy stosowania konstrukcji drewnianych, można je idealnie wpasować w aktualne wymagania stawiane budownictwu. Przekłada się to na odnotowywany w ostatnich latach wzrost popularności konstrukcji drewnianych. Do pełnego rozwoju tego postępowego trendu potrzeba jeszcze dużo pracy w zakresie dopracowania m.in. kwestii pożarowych czy rozwiązań w zakresie wpływów oddziaływań sejsmicznych, które dają badaczom pole do dalszych działań.

EN

Wooden tall buildings have accompanied people for centuries. Modern development of material technology, design tools and a high degree of prefabrication allowed the construction of tall buildings in a relatively short time. Taking these aspects into account, as well as the pro-ecological considerations of using wooden structures, they can be perfectly fitted into the current requirements for construction. Due to this, there has been an increase in the popularity of wooden structures in recent years. A lot of work is still needed to fully develop this progressive trend, including: fire issues or solutions to the impact of seismic impacts, which provide researchers with scope for further activities.

2

Czy warto zamieszkać w mieście 15-minutowym? Część I. Wprowadzenie

Kuna Julia, d’Obyrn Maciej, Nowak Paweł, Romański Jakub

Przegląd Budowlany

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2024

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R. 95, nr 7

100--103

PL

Pierwsza część artykułu przedstawia założenia projektu naukowego, prowadzonego przez członków Międzywydziałowego Koła Naukowego SmartCity na Wydziale Inżynierii Lądowej Politechniki Warszawskiej w roku 2024 pt. „Subiektywna ocena jakości życia w relacji do ilości i jakości infrastruktury publicznej”. Prace przyniosły efekty w postaci wyników i wniosków z ankietyzacji mieszkańców metropolii warszawskiej podnoszącej temat subiektywnej oceny jakości życia oraz przeglądu nowych kierunków rozwoju miast, wyzwań, jakie przed nimi stoją i sposobów na optymalne wykorzystanie dostępnych sił i środków w celu poprawy jakości życia mieszkańców.

EN

The first part of the article presents the assumptions of the scientific project conducted by members of the SmartCity Interfaculty Scientific Circle at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Warsaw University of Technology in 2024, entitled: „Subjective assessment of the quality of life in relation to the quantity and quality of public infrastructure”. The work brought results in the form of results and conclusions from a survey of residents of the Warsaw metropolis, raising the issue of subjective assessment of the quality of life and an overview of new directions in the development of cities, the challenges they face and ways to optimally use available forces and resources to improve the quality of life of residents.

3

Changes in the seasonal cycles of extreme temperatures in the Sudano-Sahelian domain in West Africa: a case study from Burkina Faso

Yaméogo Joseph

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2024

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Vol. 12, Iss. 2

1--25

EN

Temperature is a key variable in understanding climate change. In tropical West Africa, however, temperature has been neglected because it is always hot because of the sun. Studying extreme temperatures can be a way to better understand climate change in the Sudano-Sahelian region of West Africa. The main objective of this study is to analyze changes in extreme temperatures. To this end, temperature data were obtained from Power NASA over the period 1981-2022 at monthly time steps. The methods used to analyze the data were normality and homogeneity statistics, linear regression, Mann-Kendall tests, and Spearman’s r test. Tests of Sen’s slope estimator, moving averages, and z-score. The study shows that maximum temperatures are normally distributed, unlike minimum temperatures, and that maximum temperature data are homogeneous, with breaks in the periods 1998, 2000, 2006, and 2010 before, during, and after the rainy seasons. On the other hand, minimum temperature data are generally not homogeneous and do not show many breaks. The study also shows that extreme temperatures tend to increase before, during, and after the rainy season, according to Spearman’s r test. However, the Mann-Kendall test shows that extreme temperatures generally do not show trends. Furthermore, temperatures are continuously variable, with an increase in temperature anomalies in the 1980s, 2000s, and 2020s.

4

Precipitation in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland (1991-2020) : monthly variability

Nidzgorska-Lencewicz Jadwiga, Mąkosza Agnieszka, Czarnecka Małgorzata

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2024

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no. 63

25--32

EN

The article presents the spatio-temporal variability of the pluvial conditions in the West Pomeranian province in Poland as per 21 poviats1. The basic data for the study were monthly precipitation totals and maximum 24-hour period total for each month, obtained from 49 stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research Institute in 1991-2020. It was found that area averaged highest values of precipitation, on average, ranging from 71 to 100 mm, were recorded in July (with the exception of the Kołobrzeg and Sławno poviats), and the lowest, ranging from 29-38 mm, were recorded in April. Precipitation in the warm half-year (April-September), depending on a given poviat, ranged from 317 to 444 mm, which constitutes 52-58% of the annual total. Even higher variability was found with respect to the cold half-year (October-March) characterised by precipitation totals within the range of 234-404 mm. In the analysed multi-year period, statistically significant monthly precipitation totals were found only on several occasions: a positive trend was observed in January in the Kołobrzeg poviat, in July in Koszalin and Szczecinek poviats and in October in Myślibórz and Kołobrzeg poviats. The only instance of a marked decrease in monthly precipitation was identified for June in the Kamień Pomorski poviat. In all poviats of the voivodeship, there were nonsignificant tendency of an increase in precipitation in the cold half-year and reduction of the predominance of precipitation in the warm half-year over cold half-year.

5

Atmospheric precipitation in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland (1991-2020) : Annual and seasonal variability

Nidzgorska-Lencewicz Jadwiga, Mąkosza Agnieszka, Czarnecka Małgorzata

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2024

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no. 61

202--212

EN

The paper presents a detailed analysis of precipitation conditions in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland, covering data from 21 poviats1. The basic data consisted of monthly sums of atmospheric precipitation from 49 stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research Institute (Pol.: Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej Państwowy Instytut Badawczy - IMGW-PIB) in 1991-2020. Variability of precipitation conditions was demonstrated through annual and seasonal totals, the share of seasonal precipitation in annual totals, and the ratios of summer to winter precipitation and autumn and spring precipitation. It was found that area averaged annual totals ranged from below 600 mm in the poviats located in the west of the Voivodeship to more than 800 mm in the poviats located in the north-east. On average, the lowest annual totals were recorded in the area of the Police (550 mm) and Gryfino (565 mm) poviats, and the average highest in the Koszalin (842 mm) poviat. In most poviats, there was a slight, statistically insignificant tendency of increasing annual totals. The contribution of precipitation in spring, summer, autumn, and winter to the annual total in the voivodeship was 21, 33, 24, and 22%, respectively. The greatest year-to-year variability was found for summer (Vs = 28-39%) and winter precipitation totals (Vs = 29-35%). The most statistically significant result of the analysed features was identified for the calendar spring. The most prominent statistically significant changes in precipitation conditions were observed in the Goleniów, Kamień, and Sławno poviats.

6

Rys historyczny oraz współczesne trendy zastosowania technologii klejenia w budownictwie

Szeptyński Paweł, Piekarczyk Marek

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

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2024

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R. 80, nr 1-2

53--66

PL

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie współczesnych zastosowań połączeń klejonych w budownictwie, jak również wskazanie obecnych trendów w rozwoju technologii klejenia. Omówiono wybrane zagadnienia z tej tematyki w zakresie wznoszenia, wzmacniania i naprawy konstrukcji drewnianych, murowych, żelbetowych, stalowych i zespolonych.

EN

The aim of this article is to present modern applications of adhesive bonding in civil engineering and to point out current trends in the development of adhesive bonding technology. Chosen problems regarding this topic are discussed in the context of construction, strengthening and repair of timber, masonry, reinforced-concrete, metal and composite structures.

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Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Arid Environment of the Daoura Watershed (South-Eastern Morocco) – Homogenization and Trend Analysis

Chanyour Yassine, El Achari Ouafaa, Hanchane Mohamed, Obda Khalid, Kessabi Ridouane

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 4

125--142

EN

The high variability of the sub-desert climate, especially in the south-eastern region of Morocco, has severe socio-economic impacts on the inhabitant’s way of life, as is the case in the Daoura watershed, where this variability is associated with droughts or exceptional rainfall. The data collected from the Guir-Ziz-Rheriss hydraulic agency were processed, corrected and analyzed using the Climatol package (version 4.0.0) developed in R software to homogenize rainfall data. Through this work, the significance and amplitudes of annual and monthly rainfall trends were defined using the Mann-Kendall test and Sens’s slope estimator, while comparing the results of raw and homogenized data. The Daoura watershed has a sub-desert climate, and the homogenization process revealed a few rainfall stations with significant positive trends at confidence levels ranging from 90% to 95%. According to the raw and homogenized data, the majority of these stations are located in the High Atlas (CR1) and Anti-Atlasic (CR2) zones, where there is considerable spatiotemporal variability in rainfall from one year to the next. The essential objective of this scientific paper was to analyze the spatiotemporal variability of monthly and annual precipitation and to study their trends through rainfall data homogenized by the climatol package (version 4.0.0) from 13 stations over a period (1957–2018). The contribution of this study to science is the rainfall data it offers, which is useful for managing natural resources in sub-desert areas.

8

Statistical analysis of trends in Battery Electric Vehicles: Special reference to vehicle weight reduction, electric motor, battery, and interior space dimensions

Lučić Marko, Lukić Jovanka, Grujić Ivan

Archiwum Motoryzacji

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2024

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Vol. 104, nr 2

63--96

EN

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly being used, as they are more environmentally friendly than conventional vehicles with internal combustion engines (ICE). Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) can be said to have zero exhaust emissions only if the electricity used to drive these vehicles is obtained in an environmentally friendly way. It is common knowledge that BEVs have a significantly higher overall mass than conventional vehicles. The significantly higher total vehicle weight of BEVs can have various adverse effects on energy consumption during movement and the vehicle's dynamics. In contrast to the negative aspects of BEVs, there are also positive aspects that are primarily related to the comfort of drivers and passengers, considering the main fact that they do not require the presence of a floor tunnel. In this paper, trends related to BEVs in the previous five years were statistically analysed. Changes in average sizes related to BEVs are shown, primarily internal dimensions that can be of crucial importance when deciding between BEVs and conventional vehicles. In the paper itself, other important trends are presented, both for the electric motor itself and for the batteries used in BEVs.

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Zastosowanie sieci neuronowych do detekcji impulsów o znanym kształcie w obecności silnego szumu i trendu

Betka Szymon, Blok Marek

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2023

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nr 4

220--223

PL

Detekcja impulsów w odebranym sygnale radiowym, zwłaszcza w obecności silnego szumu oraz trendu, jest trudnym zadaniem. Artykuł przedstawia propozycje rozwiązań wykorzystujących sieci neuronowe do detekcji impulsów o znanym kształcie w obecności silnego szumu i trendu. Na potrzeby realizacji tego zadania zaproponowano dwie architektury. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu kształtu impulsu, mocy zakłóceń szumowych oraz trendu obecnego w sygnałach wejściowych sieci, na skuteczność detekcji zaproponowanych rozwiązań.

EN

Detecting pulses in a received radio signal, especially in the presence of strong noise and trend, is a difficult task. The article presents proposed solutions based on neural networks for the detection of pulses of known shape in the presence of strong noise and trend. Two architectures are proposed for the purpose. The paper presents the results of the study of the influence of the pulse shape, the noise power, and the trend present in the input signals of the network on the detection performance of the proposed solutions.

10

Digital consumer trends as an example of consumerism in the world

Kawęcki Norbert

Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania

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2023

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T. 18, nr 2

63--72

EN

The article presents current digital consumer trends as an example of consumerism in the world. First part of the article shows general information and introduction in discussed topic including consumer trends researches provided by Ericsson. The next part shows some collection of examples articles provided by the author on the need of the work. Through further exploration based on the current empirical data from Deloitte Report from 2022 author presents diverse assessment and conclusion of collected empirical and substantive information’s. The main goal is to show digital consumers trends in: • possession and access to electronic devices; • wearables devices; • time to spend whilst using electronic devices; • comparing expenses on electronic devices 2022 to 2021; • decisions about buying new or used electronic device; • reasons excluding price to buy new or used electronic device.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono aktualne cyfrowe trendy konsumenckie jako przykład konsumpcjonizmu na świecie. Pierwsza część artykułu zawiera ogólne informacje i wprowadzenie w omawianą tematykę z uwzględnieniem badań trendów konsumenckich dostarczonych przez firmę Ericsson. W kolejnej części przedstawiono zbiór przykładowych artykułów dostarczonych przez autora na potrzeby pracy. W wyniku dalszej eksploracji opartej na aktualnych danych empirycznych z Raportu Deloitte z 2022 roku autor przedstawia zróżnicowaną ocenę i wnioski zebranych informacji empirycznych i merytorycznych. Głównym celem jest pokazanie cyfrowych trendów konsumenckich w zakresie: • posiadania urządzeń elektronicznych i dostępu do nich; • posiadania urządzenia do noszenia; • czasu do spędzenia przy korzystaniu z urządzeń elektronicznych; • zestawienia wydatków na sprzęt elektroniczny w latach 2022-2021; • decyzji o zakupie nowego lub używanego urządzenia elektronicznego; • przyczyn wykluczających cenę zakupu nowego lub używanego urządzenia elektronicznego.

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Comprehensive evaluation of trend analysis of extreme drought events in the Ceyhan River Basin, Turkey

Esit Musa, Yuce Mehmet Ishak

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2023

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Vol. 11, Iss. 1

22--43

EN

The investigation of extreme meteorological drought events is crucial for disaster preparedness and regional water management. In this study, trends in extreme drought events, namely annual maximum drought severity (AMDS) and annual maximum drought duration (AMDD), were examined for the Ceyhan Basin. The analyses of extreme events were conducted using the standard precipitation index (SPI) index for multiple-time scales of 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for 23 meteorological stations located in the Ceyhan Basin, Turkey. The Wallis-Moore and Wald-Wolfowitz methods were employed to determine the homogeneity of the data sets, whereas trend analyses were conducted using Mann-Kendall and Spearman Rho tests. The magnitude of trends was defined by Sen’s slope and linear regression, and change points were detected using the standard normal homogeneity test, Buishand’s range test, and Pettitt’s test. Although increasing trends were detected in most of the stations, only in nine of them, statistically significant results were noted at a significance level of 95%. The results of this paper provide valuable information to water resource management decision-makers in the Ceyhan River Basin for evaluating the effect of droughts and preparing for drought mitigation measures to avoid future drought risks.

12

Historia autoklawizowanego betonu komórkowego w Polsce

Zapotoczna-Sytek Genowefa, Małolepszy Jan, Soboń Mieczysław

Materiały Budowlane

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2023

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nr 11

59--68

13

Beton niskoemisyjny - perspektywy rozwoju

Gruszczyński Maciej

Materiały Budowlane

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2023

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nr 11

55

14

Odnowa miast w Polsce, trendy i doświadczenia

Spadło Katarzyna

Zieleń Miejska

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2022

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Nr 9

16--18

PL

Zgodnie z danymi statystycznymi z zakresu rewitalizacji, zebranymi przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny w 2018 r., pod względem ilościowym 61% gmin w Polsce prowadzi działania rewitalizacyjne. Co 5 mieszkaniec Polski objęty jest procesami rewitalizacji. Ale pomimo upowszechnienia się polityki rewitalizacyjnej w Polsce tylko niewielka część gmin korzysta z rozwiązań ustawy o rewitalizacji (dalej: ustawa).

15

The Short-Term and Seasonal Trend Detection of Sediment Discharges in Turkish Rivers

Burgan Halil Ibrahim

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2022

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Tom 24

214--230

EN

Hydrometeorological variables are tested by trend methods to detect trends in river basins. Mann-Kendall and Spearman’s rho tests are widely used as traditional trend methods. Besides, some new trend tests are applied to hydrometeorological variables, such as Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA). Sediment discharge observations are more complicated than other hydrometeorological variables. In general, sediment data are observed on a monthly time scale. Therefore, there are minimal studies on sediment data, especially in Turkey. In this study, Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA), Mann-Kendall, Correlated Mann-Kendall and Seasonal Mann-Kendall trend analyses are applied to sediment discharges in Turkish river basins. According to Mann-Kendall, Correlated Mann-Kendall and Seasonal Mann-Kendall results, positive trends have detected only 8, 2 and 20 gauging stations, respectively. Then, 30 positive and 15 negative trends were detected by ITA methodology. The trend slopes calculated from ITA methodology are categorised because some positive and negative trends are weak. The applied trend methods are evaluated together, considering the climate properties of hydrological regions in Turkey. Increasing trends in sediment data are detected from the rivers in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The results of the study would help to manage water resources as well as sustainable development in the Turkish river basins.

16

O tendencjach w kształtowaniu architektonicznym i konstrukcyjnym wieżowców

Torberntsson Aleksandra, Michalak Hanna

Przegląd Budowlany

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2022

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R. 93, nr 11-12

75--80

PL

Wieżowce choć istnieją od niedawna, stały się dominującymi elementami w strukturze miejskiej. Jest to grupa budynków, które wywołują najwięcej kontrowersji pod względem ich wpływu na kształtowanie miast. Jednak jest to również dziedzina w architekturze oraz w budownictwie, którą cechują najbardziej przełomowe odkrycia w dziedzinie nowych materiałów i technologii, a także rekordowe pod względem wysokości rozwiązania konstrukcyjne.

EN

The skyscrapers prevail for a brief period, but they immediately became the elements that clearly dominates the city structure. This group of buildings are the most controversial due to their significant impact on creating cities novadays. However, this particular sort of architecture and construction is specified by the most groundbreaking discoveries in terms of using new materials, technologies, as well as record-breaking construction solutions, especially, according to their height and innovate shape and system.

17

Changes in extreme temperature indices at the Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station, 1951-2020

Khrystiuk Borys, Gorbachova Liudmyla, Shpyg Vitalii, Pishniak Denys

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2022

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Vol. 10, Iss. 1

95--106

EN

In the late 20th century, warming on the Antarctic Peninsula was most pronounced compared to other parts of Antarctica. However, air temperature showed a significant variability, which has become especially evident in recent decades. Thus, the investigation of air temperature trends on the Antarctic Peninsula is important. This study examines the extreme air temperature at the Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station, located on Galindez Island, Argentine Islands Archipelago, near the Antarctic Peninsula. For 1951 to 2020, based on the daily air temperature data, the temporal trends of extreme air temperature were analyzed, using 11 extreme temperature indices. Based on linear trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall trend test, the TXn, TNn, TN90p, and TN90p indices showed an upward trend, whereas theFD0, ID0, TN10p, TX10p, and DTR indices showed a downward trend. Among them, annually, FD0, ID0, and TN10p significantly decreased by –0.427 days, –0.452 days, and -0.465%, respectively, whereas TXn and TNn increased by 0.164℃ and 0.201℃, respectively. The indices TXx and TNn showed no statistically significant trends. The average annual difference between TX and TN (index DTR) showed a nonsignificant decreasing trend at –0.029℃ year-1 . Thus, for the period of 1951-2020, the Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station was subjected to warming.

18

Rozwój konstrukcji murowych w Polsce

Drobiec Łukasz, Jasiński Radosław

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 4

12--14

PL

Konstrukcje murowe w Polsce przez ostatnie dwadzieścia pięć lat mocno się rozwinęły. Wprowadzono nowe elementy murowe i zaprawy, dzięki czemu mury wznosi się obecnie szybciej i dokładniej. Zwiększono wymagania dotyczące parametrów mechanicznych, cieplnych i akustycznych ścian murowanych. Opracowano zaprawy do cienkich spoin oraz kleje do łączenia elementów murowych. W artykule przedstawiono stan obecny i perspektywy rozwoju konstrukcji murowych.

EN

Masonry structures in Poland have developed significantly over the last twenty-five years. New masonry elements and mortars were introduced, thanks to which the walls are now erected faster and more accurately. The mechanical, thermal, and acoustic parameters of masonry walls were increased. Mortars for thin joints and adhesives for joining masonry elements have been developed. The article presents state and development prospects of masonry structures.

19

Arima Model optimal selection for time series forecasting

Romanuke Vadim

Maritime Technical Journal

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2022

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nr 1 (224)

28--40

EN

A fast-and-flexible method of ARIMA model optimal selection is suggested for univariate time series forecasting. The method allows obtaining as-highly-accurate-as-possible forecasts auto-matically. It is based on effectively finding lags by the autocorrelation function of a detrended time series, where the best-fitting polynomial trend is subtracted from the time series. The fore-casting quality criteria are the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the maximum absolute error (MaxAE) allowing to register information about the average inaccuracy and worst outlier. Thus, the ARIMA model optimal selection is performed by simultaneously minimizing RMSE and Max-AE, whereupon the minimum defines the best model. Otherwise, if the minimum does not exist, a combination of minimal-RMSE and minimal-MaxAE ARIMA models is used.

PL

W pracy zaproponowano szybką i elastyczną metodę optymalnego doboru modelu ARIMA na potrzeby prognozowania szeregów czasowych z jedną zmienną. Metoda pozwala na uzyskanie możliwie najdokładniejszych prognoz, opierając się na skutecznym znajdowaniu opóźnień. Po-szukiwanie opóźnień realizowane jest za pomocą funkcji autokorelacji szeregu czasowego bez trendu, w którym najlepiej dopasowany trend wielomianowy jest odejmowany od szeregu cza-sowego. Za kryteria jakości prognozowania przyjęto średni błąd kwadratowy (RMSE) i maksy-malny błąd bezwzględny (MaxAE), które pozwoliły na rejestrację informacji o średniej i maksymalnej niedokładności. Optymalny dobór modelu ARIMA odbywa się poprzez jednoczesną minimalizację RMSE i MaxAE, dla której wartość minimalna określa najlepszy model. W przeciw-nym razie, jeśli minimum nie istnieje, używana jest kombinacja modeli ARIMA z minimalnym RMSE i minimalnym MaxAE.

20

Long-term trend of electric vehicle sales in Thailand

Chinda Thanwadee

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2022

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Vol. 14, no. 1

13--25

EN

This research study aims at examining the long-term trend of EV sales in Thailand, utilising the system dynamics (SD) modelling approach. This approach is commonly used to model complex systems with causal relationships among key factors within the system. The developed SD model consists of five key factors affecting electric vehicle (EV) sales, namely, the environment, economy, charging infrastructure, government support, and battery maintenance. The simulation results show the increase in EV sales by ten times in the next 20 years with implementation plans related to the five key factors. The government support factor is the most important in enhancing EV sales in the short term. Several government support plans should be initiated to attract more EV consumers, such as subsidies and tax reductions. The environment and charging infrastructure factors are crucial to increasing EV sales in the long term. The enforcement of the CO2 tax and the provision of charging stations all around the country should be established to achieve a sustainable EV market in the long term. This research study contributes to the Thai government and automotive industry to better understand the complex relationships among key factors affecting EV sales. The related sectors may use the study results to plan for EV campaigns to promote the use of EVs and achieve a sustainable EV market.