Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Risk management in the supply chain in the light of the enterprises’ experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic

Kauf Sabina, Pisz Iwona, Tłuczak Agnieszka

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 195

249--270

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify key reasons for intensifying risk management activities in supply chains. To achieve the objective, the following research hypotheses were adopted: H1 - the extent of business activity is not correlated with problems related to demand constraints and timeliness of payments, H2 - disruptions in supply chain continuity during a COVID-19 pandemic are independent of the type of chain. Design/methodology/approach: These paper highlights the importance of risk management in the supply chain management in addressing the pandemic induced disruptions and supply chain risk management activities. Achieving the stated goal requires answering two questions: (1) What problems are companies facing due to the coronavirus pandemic, and (2) What actions are companies taking to ensure supply chain continuity, especially in Poland conditions. 137 enterprises participated in the research, including 118 with foreign capital. The survey was conducted online. The research sample included entities from the manufacturing, trading, and service sectors located throughout Poland. Companies were selected using a snowball method, starting with supply chain managers from friendly entities and asking them to identify other entities that could take part in the study. Findings: The research showed that the continuity of supply chains in Poland was not maintained, and companies were able to keep inventories only at a minimum level. The research also analysed the impact of remote work on the effects of the functioning of enterprises and assessed the effects of support under anti-crisis shields. Originality/value: The research has been carried out in order to identify the factors that have the greatest influence on the efficiency of the supply chains of Polish enterprises. The research showed that the continuity of supply chains in Poland was not maintained, and companies were able to keep inventories only at a minimum level.

2

Organizational identity and perception of values in the enterprise – in the light of research results

Góralczyk Marzena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 200

83--96

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present various approaches to organizational identity, with particular reference to the approach of J.M.T. Balmer (2017) and various approaches to values. Moreover, presenting the results of empirical research on the perception of organizational identity by enterprise employees and values in relation to own construct of values oriented towards the functioning of enterprises in their various aspects. Design/methodology/approach: Theoretical research in the field of organizational identity and values in the enterprise. Conducting own empirical research, also in relation to own value construct, which takes into account various aspects of the company’s operation, also relations with the environment. The article is an innovative approach to the presented topic due to the use of author’s own value construct in relation to empirical research. Findings: According to the conducted research, all of the above-mentioned features of the organizational identity of the entities, the respondents are employed in, were considered important. These include: organizational type of the enterprise, purpose(s) of the enterprise/organization, area of activity, geographical scope, ethos and values, market position, management method and employee behaviour, markets and customers served, quality of products and/or services. Moreover, it was shown that all the areas included in the author’s value construct are important for the surveyed employees, i.e. customer service, quality, responsibility, teamwork. Research limitations/implications: Further research will focus on the remaining features of organizational identity by J.M.T. Balmer, also in relation to the analysis of the approach of representatives of different age groups and industry specificity. Moreover, it is worth including the cultural context in future research and indicating, on the basis of a representative sample, how representatives of lower levels of management and the management staff of enterprises approach the aspects discussed in this article. The study has some limitations. The results cannot be generalized because the sample was not selected probabilistically. Practical implications: The presented original value construct can constitute a set of indications for further diagnosis and modification of the development paths of an economic entity, also in the perspective dimension. Its application can be universal and the research results obtained on its basis may support the targeting of programs to improve the management of various types of business entities, also in the context of shaping their organizational identity. Social implications: The research presented in the article is part of the research trend that serves to shape attitudes conducive to building awareness of corporate social responsibility in the context of the presented approach to values oriented not only to the development of the enterprise but also to shaping appropriate relations with the environment. Originality/value: The study showed the perception of organizational identity by company employees in connection with the values identified in author’s own construct.

3

Logistics in the process of enterprise management in conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic on the example of selected enterprises

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 191

159--177

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the role of logistics in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of selected manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the study of literature and own empirical research. The results of own empirical research presented in the study constitute the effects of more extensive research on an in-depth analysis of the logistics process management in Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises in 2019-2021 in the context of shaping enterprise results. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. Findings: The results of the research show that the strategic and operational management of logistics processes within the enterprise and between entities which are the links in the supply chain increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises and the supply chains they created during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thanks to adequately applied logistics to the occurred conditions, the best surveyed enterprises responded quickly and appropriately to the effects of the pandemic and created and maintained the competitive advantage. The analyzed enterprises did not use the full potential of logistics processes to reduce the negative influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their results. The research confirmed that logistics played an extremely important role in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research limitations/implications: The article presents only selected aspects of logistics in the process of enterprise management of the surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Practical implications: The article offers logistics managers practical suggestions on how to use logistics to achieve above-average economic and market results in conditions of a pandemic. Originality/value: The article fills the cognitive and empirical gap regarding logistics in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

4

IT outsourcing and factors of increasing the competitiveness of enterprises

Kocot Damian, Kocot Maria

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 195

287--299

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article was to examine the factors of increasing the competitiveness of enterprises by separating services in the field of information technology (IT) and their importance for enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: This study utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to a wide range of businesses. The research aimed to explore how IT outsourcing impacts corporate competitiveness across various dimensions. Findings: The study reveals that IT outsourcing significantly contributes to enhancing business competitiveness by offering cost savings, improved efficiency, access to advanced technologies, and allowing firms to focus on core competencies. Research limitations/implications: The study recognizes its limitations, including potential bias from self-reported data and limited generalizability due to focusing on a specific market segment. Future research will aim for wider industry representation and investigate the long-term effects of IT outsourcing. Practical implications: For practitioners, the study underscores the strategic value of IT outsourcing in achieving cost efficiency and leveraging technological advancements. It suggests a structured assessment of outsourcing opportunities, considering both operational and strategic impacts. Social implications: By delineating how IT outsourcing can drive business efficiency and innovation, the study implies broader societal benefits, such as job creation in the IT service sector and enhanced consumer experiences through higher quality products and services. Originality/value: This research advances both theoretical and practical knowledge of IT outsourcing's impact on business competitiveness, blending quantitative and qualitative data for a detailed analysis of its diverse benefits.

5

Influence of selected characteristics of the manager on the management of enterprises in the Beskids Region

Madyda Aneta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 200

239--251

EN

Purpose: This paper presents the results of a study characterizing managers of enterprises operating in the Beskids Region. The research attempts to identify selected personality traits of managers and assess the impact of these traits on organizational management. This research presents a picture of the existing reality and approaches to the use of abilities, creativity and skills of the manager in the Beskids Region. The research attempted to identify selected characteristics of managers that can affect organizational management. The research was a pilot study. The main objective of the study is to better understand the subject and satisfy the knowledge of the manager's work and his characteristics, which significantly affect the management style of a particular organization. Design/methodology/approach: The research attempts to identify selected personality traits of managers and assess the impact of these traits on organizational management in the Beskids Region. A diagnostic survey method was used for the study. A survey questionnaire was used as a tool. Findings: The results of the pilot study confirmed the general thesis that business management is influenced by the manager's personality traits and the manager's skills. Research limitations/implications: This research should be treated as pilot research. It is proposed to increase the number of surveyed managers in the Beskids Region. Practical implications: It is proposed to introduce systematic conducting continuous monitoring of the perception of the impact of managers' personality traits on company management in the Beskids Region. Making managers aware of the importance of the impact of their personality traits on company management and achieved results will encourage them to develop themselves and participate in training and training in the field of human resources management. Originality/value: New in the paper is an identification and analysis of the impact of managers' personality traits on company management in the Beskids Region. Effective managers should use liberating management, which stems from the resilience of the organization and a positive attitude towards the efforts of employees performing specific tasks.

6

Determinants of the use of renewable energy sources in agile organizations

Kocot Maria, Kocot Damian, Soboń Janusz, Kwasek Artur

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 203

127--143

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the key determinants that influence the decisions of agile organizations to implement renewable energy sources. The study aims to understand which socio-economic and technological factors have the greatest impact on these decisions. Design/methodology/approach: The research was based on quantitative analysis conducted through a survey among representatives of agile organizations. The collected data was then subjected to statistical analysis, including the calculation of the Gini coefficient to assess the concentration of respondents' preferences. Findings: Research has shown that the development of new technologies and job creation are the most important determinants influencing decisions regarding the implementation of renewable energy sources. The results suggest that agile organizations give equal weight to different factors, which indicates a balanced approach to the energy transition. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the research are the subjective nature of respondents' answers and the limited representativeness of the sample, which may affect the generalization of the results. In addition, dynamically changing technologies and regulations may affect the validity of the results in the future. Practical implications: The research results suggest that agile organizations should develop strategies that balance multiple determinants when implementing renewable energy sources. Investments in modern technologies and job creation can contribute to improved operational efficiency and market competitiveness. Social implications: The implementation of renewable energy sources supports sustainable development and contributes to environmental protection, which is gaining increasing public support. Organizations that engage in such activities can build a positive image as socially and ecologically responsible. Originality/value: The article adds value through a comprehensive analysis of the determinants influencing the use of renewable energy sources in agile organizations, emphasizing the importance of a sustainable approach. The study provides new conclusions that can support further development of energy strategies in a dynamically changing business environment.

7

Company prosumerism as a form of cooperation with consumers

Szul Elżbieta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 200

519--530

EN

Purpose: The aim is to present prosumerism of companies as a form of cooperation with consumers, their expectations, perceived benefits and challenges. Project/methodology/approach: The research tool was a survey questionnaire prepared by the author of this paper. The survey was conducted in 2022 among 1000 adults (18 years and older), by a research company, using CAWI method in a consumer panel. Results: The survey results show that consumers engage in various prosumer activities of companies. However, they also expect companies to be proactive in including them in such activities. They are aware of the prosumerism benefits for companies, but also recognize the challenges related to it. Research limitations/practical implications: Research was conducted among only one group of participants in prosumer activities - consumers. It is planned that future research will also include a second group - companies. This will provide insight into the prosumption activities undertaken, their barriers, as well as their benefits and opportunities. In the paper, recommendations are presented for companies to undertake prosumption activities in order to cooperate with consumers and respond to their expectations. Social implications: The importance of prosumption activities for companies, as well as for consumers, is highlighted, which can influence consumers to become more involved in companies’ activities, thus benefiting them more. Originality/value: The paper analyzes the company’s own research findings on the benefits, expectations and problems associated with prosumption practices of companies. Practical recommendations provide valuable guidance for companies planning and implementing prosumer activities aimed at cooperation with consumers.

8

Analysis of thermal energy consumption management of energy-intensive enterprises

Widera Katarzyna, Gąsior Rafał, Smoliński Adam

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 202

591--604

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the consumption of thermal energy in a coal mining enterprise with separate business units, in the context of securing energy reserves and effectively managing the consumption of this energy. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the aggregation and analysis of historical data of thermal energy consumption, the method of statistical analysis of aggregated data from individual business units of the coal mining company was applied. Findings: The applied statistical analysis of the aggregate data made it possible to verify the planned short- and long-term activities for each group of facilities of the coal mining company. Research limitations/implications: The further direction of the research requires verification of the obtained results of the statistical analysis, after completing the data of thermal energy consumption in the following years and correlating the obtained results with the introduced pro¬efficiency measures in the enterprise so as to clarify the division of the enterprise's facilities into individual groups. Practical implications: Statistical analysis of thermal energy consumption, can become an effective tool to support the process of managing pro-efficiency measures in mining enterprises with separate business units. Social implications: The right approach of coal mining companies to thermal energy analysis and management can contribute to securing energy reserves for the local environment in which the company operates. Originality/value: The presented classification of facilities into groups A, B and C and the use of statistical analysis to verify the introduced measures to reduce thermal energy consumption have not yet been introduced and tested in the Polish coal mining industry.

9

Agile practices of enterprises in the face of the challenges of digitization

Kocot Maria, Kocot Damian

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 195

271--285

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article focuses on identifying the ways in which companies respond to the requirements of digitalization and what actions they take to maintain their competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach: The article presents the results of research conducted in April and May 2023 on a research sample of 303 respondents, aimed at understanding the adaptation of organizations to the challenges of digitalization through agile practices. Findings: The findings underscore the importance of fostering organizational culture that promotes adaptation and continuous learning, investing in digital skills training, embracing new technologies, and enhancing operational flexibility through agile practices. Research limitations/implications: Limitations include the potential lack of representativeness in the research sample, reliance on self-reported data, and the absence of longitudinal data. Future research could focus on expanding the sample size, conducting longitudinal studies, and exploring success factors in agile implementation. Practical implications: Practical implications include recommendations for companies to focus on developing organizational culture, investing in digital skills training, adopting new technologies, and enhancing operational flexibility through agile practices to improve competitiveness and resilience in the digital era. Social implications: Social implications involve fostering a culture of continuous learning and innovation within organizations, which can contribute to economic growth and job creation in the digital economy. Originality/value: This article's originality comes from its thorough analysis of agile practices within digitalization, combining literature and empirical research to offer practical advice for companies facing digital transformation challenges.

10

Agile behaviors of enterprises in the aspect of ecological use of IT equipment

Kocot Maria, Kocot Damian, Soboń Janusz, Kwasek Artur

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 198

213--229

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to examine the agile behavior of enterprises in the context of the ecological use of IT equipment. The focus was on analyzing how enterprises implement Green IT practices and how these activities affect their operational and environmental efficiency. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology was based on an anonymous survey among 578 enterprises representing various sectors of the economy. The survey aimed to collect data on practices related to the successive replacement of IT equipment, the implementation of technological innovations, the use of energy-saving devices and the integration of Green IT as an element of a business strategy. Findings: Research has shown that enterprises that regularly replace IT equipment with new ones are more likely to implement technological innovations and use energy-saving devices. Strong correlations were observed between the implementation of innovations and energy efficiency. Choosing suppliers that promote Green IT is an important factor for companies striving for sustainable development. Research limitations/implications: Research limitations include the subjectivity of respondents' responses and the lack of full representativeness of the sample. Focusing on specific aspects of the green use of IT equipment may have omitted other important factors. Research results have limited validity due to changing regulations and technologies. Practical implications: The research results suggest that enterprises should focus on the gradual replacement of IT equipment with modern and energy-saving ones and on the integration of innovative technological solutions. This approach not only reduces energy consumption, but also reduces operating costs and improves the company's image as environmentally responsible. Social implications: Implementing Green IT solutions as an element of a business strategy contributes to the protection of the natural environment and supports sustainable development. Companies that promote agile and green practices can gain greater trust from customers, business partners and local communities. Originality/value: The article adds value by comprehensively analyzing the links between enterprise agility and their green practices in the use of IT equipment. The study highlights the importance of integrating Green IT into business strategies and shows how such activities can bring both operational and environmental benefits.

11

Innovation activity of enterprises in a cross border region on the example of SME sector

Janasz Krzysztof, Štreimikis Justas, Wiśniewska Joanna

Polish Journal of Management Studies

|

2024

|

Vol. 30, No. 1

116--135

EN

Innovation is one of the main factors in achieving competitive advantage. Therefore, it is essential to introduce them to enterprises that have to compete in national, European and global markets. Knowledge, technology and innovation have become fundamental in the process of creating the organisation's value or achieving other goals. These make it possible to adapt to the environment, respond to its needs, and sometimes create changes, thanks to which it is possible to create a competitive advantage. So far, research has focused mainly on national, regional, or supranational analyses of SME innovation activity, with somewhat less focus on a cross-border perspective. Therefore, the authors set the aim of the study to identify basic conditions and analyze factors influencing SMEs' innovative activity in cross-border regions. Considering the differences in the potential of the Polish and German economies, it was decided to observe and analyse this issue in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship and Brandenburg. Specifically, the study explores the development of innovation activity in these regions and identifies its primary determinants. Additionally, it investigates the main barriers and driving factors for enhancing innovation activity within the selected areas. The article presents the research results into the indicated issues, which was carried out using a diverse methodology, including a critical analysis of the literature, a comparative analysis, and in-depth interviews with experts in innovative activities.

PL

Innowacje stanowią jeden z głównych czynników osiągania przewagi konkurencyjnej. Dlatego niezbędne jest wprowadzanie ich w przedsiębiorstwach, które muszą konkurować na rynkach krajowych, europejskich i światowych. Fundamentalne znaczenie w procesie kreowania wartości organizacji czy osiągania innych celów, nabrały także zasoby wiedzy, technologie i innowacje. To one pozwalają dostosowywać się do otoczenia, reagować na jego potrzeby, niekiedy kreować zmiany dzięki czemu możliwe jest tworzenie przewagi konkurencyjnej. Nie maleje zainteresowanie badawcze problematyką innowacji. Ma to swoje uzasadnienie w głębokim niemal zasadniczym znaczeniu tych kategorii w rozwoju i osiągnięciu przewagi strategicznej przedsiębiorstwa, a znajduje swoje odzwierciedlenie w opracowaniach naukowych powstających w wyniku badań prowadzonych w wielu krajach wysoko rozwiniętych. Jak dotąd prace badawcze główną uwagę kierują w stronę krajowych, regionalnych czy ponadnarodowych analiz aktywności innowacyjnej MSP, nieco mniej skupiając się na ujęciu transgranicznym. Z tego względu autorzy za cel badania postawili identyfikację podstawowych uwarunkowań i analizę czynników wpływających na działalność innowacyjną przedsiębiorstw sektora MSP w regionie transgranicznym. Uwzględniając różnice w potencjałach gospodarki Polski i Niemiec, zdecydowano się na obserwację i analizę wspomnianej problematyki w województwie zachodniopomorskim oraz Brandenburgii. W szczególności badanie dotyczy rozwoju działalności innowacyjnej w tych regionach oraz identyfikuje jej główne determinanty. Ponadto zidentyfikowano główne bariery, a także czynniki zwiększające aktywność innowacyjną MSP w regionach transgranicznych. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań nad wskazaną problematyką, które przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem zróżnicowanej metodyki, obejmującej poza krytyczną analizą literatury, analizę porównawczą oraz wywiady pogłębione z ekspertami w zakresie działalności innowacyjnej.

12

Algorytm kontra menadżer, czyli jak sztuczna inteligencja wpłynie na zarządzanie zmianami

Buczkowski Krzysztof

Kierunek Wod-Kan

|

2024

|

Nr 4

94--98

PL

Sztuczna inteligencja w różnej postaci za chwilę pojawi się w naszych organizacjach i zagości w nich na dłużej. Jak zatem należy się przygotować do tej zmiany oraz sprawić, by była korzystna dla firmy i oczywiście jej pracowników?

13

Konsekwencje pandemii COVID-19: perspektywa logistyki w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Cz. II

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

|

2024

|

nr 2

12--23

PL

Artykuł stanowi drugą część opracowania, którego celem jest przedstawienie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na logistykę na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Dokonano w nim pogłębionej analizy wyników własnych badań empirycznych. Prezentowane w opracowaniu wyniki są efektem bardziej obszernych badań, dotyczących zarządzania procesami logistycznymi w polskich przedsiębiorstwach produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych w latach 2019–2021 w kontekście kształtowania wyników przedsiębiorstwa. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. wśród 335 losowo wybranych małych, średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że pandemia COVID-19 miała ogromny wpływ na logistykę we wszystkich badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2020–2021. Zmiany uwarunkowań logistyki spowodowane pandemią nałożyły się na determinanty logistyki współczesnych przedsiębiorstw przed pandemią. Strategiczne i operacyjne zarządzanie procesami logistycznymi coraz bardziej determinowało wyniki ekonomiczne i rynkowe najlepszych badanych przedsiębiorstw w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przedsiębiorstwa osiągające najlepsze wyniki w czasie pandemii realizowały strategię zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw, będącą w ciągłym stadium tworzenia, kształtowania się, charakteryzującą się błyskawiczną reakcją na zmieniające się wymagania klientów, warunki otoczenia oraz działania konkurentów, przy respektowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Najbardziej skuteczni menedżerowie logistyki w czasie pandemii podejmowali szybkie działania umożliwiające ograniczenie prawdopodobieństwa zakłóceń, zmniejszenie dotkliwości skutków zaistniałych zdarzeń oraz kreowanie i utrzymanie przewag konkurencyjnych przedsiębiorstw.

EN

The article constitutes the second part of the study, the aim of which is to present the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on logistics on the example of selected Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. It includes an in-depth analysis of the results of the author's own empirical research. The results of own empirical research presented in the study constitute the effects of more extensive research on an indepth analysis of the logistics process management in Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises in 2019–2021 in the context of shaping enterprise results. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. As a result of the research, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge influence on logistics in all surveyed enterprises in 2020–2021. Changes in logistics conditions caused by the pandemic overlapped with the logistics determinants of contemporary enterprises before the pandemic. Strategic and operational management of logistics processes increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enterprises achieving the best results during the pandemic implemented the supply chain management strategy that was in a constant state of creation and development, characterized by an immediate response to changing customer requirements, environmental conditions and competitors' activities, respecting, at the same time, the principles of sustainable development. During the pandemic, the most effective logistics managers took quick actions so as to reduce the likelihood of disruption, decrease the severity of the effects of events, and create and maintain competitive advantages of their enterprises.

14

Konsekwencje pandemii COVID-19: perspektywa logistyki w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Cz. I

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

|

2024

|

nr 1

2--14

PL

Artykuł stanowi pierwszą część opracowania, którego celem jest przedstawienie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na logistykę na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Artykuł powstał na podstawie studiów literatury oraz własnych badań empirycznych. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. wśród 335 losowo wybranych małych, średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że pandemia COVID-19 miała ogromny wpływ na logistykę we wszystkich badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2020–2021. Zmiany uwarunkowań logistyki spowodowane pandemią nałożyły się na determinanty logistyki współczesnych przedsiębiorstw przed pandemią. Strategiczne i operacyjne zarządzanie procesami logistycznymi coraz bardziej determinowało wyniki ekonomiczne i rynkowe najlepszych badanych przedsiębiorstw w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przedsiębiorstwa osiągające najlepsze wyniki w czasie pandemii realizowały strategię zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw, będącą w ciągłym stadium tworzenia, kształtowania się, charakteryzującą się błyskawiczną reakcją na zmieniające się wymagania klientów, warunki otoczenia oraz działania konkurentów, przy respektowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Najbardziej skuteczni menedżerowie logistyki w czasie pandemii podejmowali szybkie działania umożliwiające ograniczenie prawdopodobieństwa zakłócenia, zmniejszenie dotkliwości skutków zaistniałych zdarzeń oraz kreowanie i utrzymanie przewag konkurencyjnych przedsiębiorstw.

EN

The article constitutes the first part of the study, the aim of which is to present the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on logistics on the example of selected Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. The article is based on the study of literature and own empirical research. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. As a result of the research, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge influence on logistics in all surveyed enterprises in 2020–2021. Changes in logistics conditions caused by the pandemic overlapped with the logistics determinants of contemporary enterprises before the pandemic. Strategic and operational management of logistics processes increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enterprises achieving the best results during the pandemic implemented the supply chain management strategy that was in a constant state of creation and development, characterized by an immediate response to changing customer requirements, environmental conditions and competitors' activities, respecting, at the same time, the principles of sustainable development. During the pandemic, the most effective logistics managers took quick actions so as to reduce the likelihood of disruption, decrease the severity of the effects of events, and create and maintain competitive advantages of their enterprises.

15

Modelling of innovation and investment development of agricultural enterprises in the context of ensuring their financial security

Davydenko Nadia, Wasilewska Natalia, Titenko Zoia, Wasilewski Mirosław

Economics and Environment

|

2024

|

No. 2

art. no. 775

EN

The purpose of the article is to study the impact of investment and innovation development of agricultural enterprises on the financial security level. In today’s economy, one of the most common causes of a financial crisis at an enterprise is the lack of an effective mechanism for managing financial security. Especially in the context of neutralising the risks of doing business, it is important to ensure the investment and innovation development of agricultural enterprises. The study used scientific methods: abstract and logical - for theoretical generalisations and conclusions, tabular and graphical - for visualisation of the study results; analysis and synthesis - to find out the reasons that determine the change in the financial security level of the studied enterprises. The study results presented in this paper are important for formulating offers for investment and innovation development in the context of ensuring an adequate level of agricultural enterprises’ financial security.

PL

W opracowaniu określono wpływ działalności innowacyjnej i inwestycyjnej przedsiębiorstw rolniczych na poziom bezpieczeństwa finansowego. We współczesnej gospodarce jedną z najczęstszych przyczyn kryzysu finansowego w przedsiębiorstwie jest brak skutecznego mechanizmu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem finansowym. Szczególnie w kontekście neutralizacji ryzyka prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej, ważne jest zapewnienie innowacyjno-inwestycyjnego rozwoju przedsiębiorstw rolniczych. W badaniach wykorzystano metody naukowe, tj. abstrakcyjną i logiczną - do uogólnień teoretycznych i wniosków, tabelaryczną i graficzną - do wizualizacji wyników badań oraz analizę i syntezę - do ustalenia przyczyn determinujących zmianę bezpieczeństwa finansowego przedsiębiorstw. Uzyskane wyniki badań mają znaczenie dla określenia kierunków działalności innowacyjnej i inwestycyjnej w przedsiębiorstwach rolniczych, w aspekcie zapewnienia odpowiedniego poziomu ich bezpieczeństwa finansowego.

16

Development of the green policy strategies of enterprises: а decent work

Yakymchuk Alina, Rataj Małgorzata

Economics and Environment

|

2024

|

No. 2

art. no. 752

EN

This research examines the symbiotic relationship between the creation of green jobs within enterprises, economic growth, and the consequential reduction in CO2 emissions. It delves into the multifaceted advantages derived from integrating sustainable employment practices within businesses, emphasising their substantial contribution to fostering economic prosperity while concurrently mitigating adverse CO2 emissions. The main goals of this article are as follows: to study the experience of developed countries regarding the costs of their sustainable development strategies and the effects that have been achieved; generalise the main tools for ensuring decent work on the example of large companies, evaluate the relationship between reducing nitrogen dioxide emissions and providing green jobs. A comparison of financial instruments for maintaining green workplaces at enterprises in developed countries (USA, Norway, China, Germany, Sweden, and Poland) has been made. CO2 emissions reduction strategies, expenditure, funding, financing, and green jobs by countries have been analyzed. By investing in green initiatives and restructuring operational frameworks to prioritise sustainability, enterprises actively mitigate their carbon footprint, ultimately contributing to a greener and more environmentally conscious business landscape. This comprehensive study explores recent advancements in green job creation and renewable energy development in different countries of the world. The strategies of reducing CO₂ emissions by such companies as IKEA, Google, Unilever, and Tesla show not only positively impact the environment but can also be profitable for their businesses and guarantee decent work for their employees.

PL

W niniejszym badaniu przeanalizowano symbiotyczny związek pomiędzy tworzeniem zielonych miejsc pracy w przedsiębiorstwach, wzrostem gospodarczym i wynikającą z tego redukcją emisji CO2. Przedstawiono wieloaspektowe korzyści wynikające z integracji praktyk zrównoważonego zatrudnienia w przedsiębiorstwach, podkreślając ich istotny wkład we wspieranie dobrobytu gospodarczego przy jednoczesnym łagodzeniu niekorzystnych emisji CO2. Główne cele artykułu to prze-analizowanie doświadczeń krajów rozwiniętych w zakresie kosztów ich strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju i uzyskanych efektów na przykładzie dużych przedsiębiorstw, oceniono związek pomiędzy redukcją emisji dwutlenku azotu a zapewnieniem zielonych miejsc pracy. Dokonano porównania instrumentów finansowych utrzymania zielonych miejsc pracy w przedsiębiorstwach krajów rozwiniętych (USA, Norwegia, Chiny, Niemcy, Szwecja i Polska). Przeanalizowano strategie redukcji emisji CO2oraz związane z tym wydatki. Inwestując w ekologiczne inicjatywy i restrukturyzując ramy operacyjne w celu priorytetowego traktowania zrównoważonego rozwoju, przedsiębiorstwa aktywnie ograniczają swój ślad węglowy, ostatecznie przyczyniając się do tworzenia bardziej ekologicznego i bardziej świadomego środowiskowo krajobrazu biznesowego. To kompleksowe badanie analizuje najnowsze postępy w tworzeniu zielonych miejsc pracy i rozwoju energii odnawialnej. Strategie ograniczania emisji CO2 stosowane przez takie firmy jak IKEA, Google, Unilever czy Tesla pokazują, że nie tylko pozytywnie wpływają na środowisko, ale mogą być także opłacalne dla ich przedsiębiorstw i gwarantować godną pracę pracownikom.

17

The e-commerce market in conditions of uncertainty – development perspectives. Case study

Żmijowska Paulina

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2023

|

z. 170

735--748

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the development perspective of the e-commerce market area and courier services, taking into account the time of uncertainty (the prospect of a pandemic), based on selected data from the Pointpack company and secondary data. Design/methodology/approach: The topic includes an analysis (case study) based on the example of Pointpack and data that has been examined by experts, as well as secondary data, a report on the state of the e-commerce market in Poland. Findings: The analysis showed a significant development of the e-commerce market and consumer activity despite the times of uncertainty (pandemic, war). Research limitations/implications: The research has been limited to data obtained from a single source and limited resources (a selected segment of the market and consumers), hence future research can be extended to different levels and theoretical areas. It is important to conduct further research in this area to increase their universality. An interesting comparative study would be an analysis of consumer behavior in the perspective of sending and receiving parcels in selected regions of the country. Practical implications: The described data and case study analyzes may indicate to organizations that the introduction of courier services to points of sale (or service) is today a necessity and a future in acquiring new customers. Social implications: The development of the e-commerce market associated with sending and collecting parcels in stores contributes to the development of CSR attitudes of the organization by reducing carbon dioxide to the environment and building responsible customer attitudes.

18

SAP ERP software as a tool for managing the logistics subsystems of an enterprise

Orłowska Małgorzata

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2023

|

z. 172

515--526

EN

Purpose: The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the capabilities of SAP ERP software in managing an organization's logistics subsystem, identify the main strengths and weaknesses of SAP ERP software in an organization, and identify the information requirements associated with identifying logistics activities. Design/methodology/approach: In preparing the article, the author used both theoretical and empirical research methods, particularly analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison, generalization, as well as scientific observation with casual observation technique. The qualitative methods mentioned above were used to analyze the literature on the subject. Analysis was used to deepen knowledge in the area of the issues under study, as well as to identify their interrelationships and the relationships that exist between them. Deduction, for the process of inferring the particular from the general. Induction was used during observation. Comparison was mainly used to identify similarities and differences in the use of SAP ERP software in the various logistics subsystems. Inference was used to develop conclusions, included at the end of this article. Using the aforementioned methods, it was possible to evaluate the functionality of SAP ERP software in the management of the enterprise's logistics subsystems, to identify the main advantages and disadvantages of SAP ERP software in the enterprise, and to identify the information needs related to logistics activities in the enterprise. Findings: Modern enterprises operate in a highly competitive environment, so they need to quickly adapt to changes occurring in their environment: near and far. This is possible thanks to the implementation of modern tools, methods or techniques that enable continuous management of all departments of the enterprise, including logistics system. Originality/value: This article is addressed to theoreticians and practitioners of business management. Theoreticians reading this article will find a sentiment of current data on SAP ERP software and the scale of possibilities for its use. Practitioners, in turn, will find useful tips on where SAP ERP software can be implemented or how to improve the form of its use in an enterprise.

19

Digital maturity of cluster enterprises and the implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions according to the results of selected studies

Łącka Irena, Wojdyła Przemysław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2023

|

z. 168

247--282

EN

Purpose: This article presents the limitations and opportunities for implementing Industry 4.0 solutions in cluster enterprises in the context of the results of studies of their digital maturity. Design/Methodology/Approach: The article uses the following research methods: the analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the subject, the analysis of secondary sources (the results of research by other authors, the results of a study of digital maturity of enterprises belonging to several clusters in Poland and enterprises outside the clusters, the data of the Digital Economy and Society Index 2022 report), induction and deductive reasoning. Findings: Compared to EU countries, companies in Poland (especially SMEs) show a low level of digital maturity necessary to implement Industry 4.0 solutions (including big data technologies, cloud solutions, and artificial intelligence). In fact, this is a solid barrier to improving and maintaining the competitiveness of companies in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution. Moreover, it stems from certain exo- and endogenous barriers. The research on behalf of the Future Industry Platform among companies participating in clusters revealed that their members show a higher degree of digital maturity than those outside such forms of network cooperation. It indicates more significant opportunities for cluster companies to implement Industry 4.0 solutions. Membership in a cluster represents an opportunity for them to reduce barriers to digitisation. The research results confirm that companies that are members of clusters are more innovative and competitive entities that can function more effectively and efficiently in the digital economy. Practical implications: The article discusses a unique methodology for measuring the digital maturity of enterprises from several clusters in Poland, which business entities can use and apply for self-assessment. The presented research results and information on the barriers and limitations of digitisation will allow government representatives and other institutions to choose appropriate tools to support enterprises in Poland (especially in the SME sector), facilitating the implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions. Originality/value: The study presents research results on cluster enterprises’ digital maturity using an innovative method. It discusses them in the context of existing limitations in implementing Industry 4.0 solutions in Poland. It highlights the importance of clusters for improving the ability of enterprises to effectively use digital technologies for the success of the enterprise in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution.

20

Gospodarka osadowa w przedsiębiorstwach

Klaczyński Eugeniusz

Wodociągi - Kanalizacja

|

2023

|

nr 5

52--56