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1

Optimization of Seaweed Harvesting for Maximum Antimicrobial Activity – Impact of Seasonal Variation, Temperature, and Salinity

Farid Younes, Jaatit Loubna, Chennaoui Mohammed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 2

244--249

EN

Algae are highly adaptable and can thrive in different environments, making them ideal for synthesizing effective and affordable antibacterial compounds. To optimize the harvesting of marine algae and determine the period during which the algae display maximum activity, the effect of seasonal variation (during a closed year) as well as temperature and salinity on the antimicrobial activity of fifteen species of algae (four species belonging to the Chlorophyceae class, two species belonging to the Phaeophyceae class and four species belonging to the Rhodophyceae class) was studied. These algae were tested for their antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, and C. neoformens. These observations revealed that the optimal harvesting season for phaeophyceae and rhodophyceae extracts is spring, whereas that for chlorophyceae is during the summer period, when temperature and salinity are at their highest. In this study, it was found that the largest inhibition diameter of algae extracts occurs during summer.

2

Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial an Antioxidant Activity of Ammi visnaga L. Extracts

Mgamat Fouzia, Haida Sara, Oubihi Asmae, El Ibaoui Hamid, Kribii Abderahim, El Ayadi Rachida, Hmouni Driss

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 3

21--27

EN

Ammi visnaga L. extracts were examined for the presence of phytochemicals, antimicrobial activities, and scavenging potentials. The aerial part of this plant underwent warm extraction using three different solvents: hexane, dichloromethane and ethanol. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, and reducing sugars in the ethanolic extract. In the dichloromethane extract, polyphenols and glycosides were identified, while in the hexane extract, polyphenols, flavonoids, and glycosides were detected. Antimicrobial activity was determined using disc diffusion method. Results indicate that the dichloromethane extract exhibited the largest zone of inhibition, measuring 10 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was recorded as 10 μL/mL, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was below 10 μL/mL. However, no antimicrobial activity was observed against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii. Additionally, antioxidant activity was examined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle) assay. The ethanolic extract demonstrated the highest antioxidant power with an IC50 value of 0.843 ± 0.199 mg/mL against 0.095 ± 0.009 mg/mL of ascorbic acid which is used as a reference.

3

Exploration of Antimicrobial Potential in Oualidia Algae – Unveiling Cystoseira Humilis as a Promising Source of Bioactive Molecules

Farid Younes

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

203--208

EN

The potential of seventeen marine seaweed extracts (five Chlorophyceae, six Pheophyceae, six Rhodophyceae) was investigated to determine their antibacterial activity, aiming to evaluate their viability in pharmaceutical applications. The assessment of their bioactivity involved utilizing crude extracts from dried samples against five Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacteria, yeast, and fungus using the disk diffusion technique. These samples were collected from Oualidia, situated along Morocco’s Atlantic coast. Out of the diverse macroalgae studied, 36% of the extracts exhibited activity against at least one of the tested microorganisms. This outcome strongly supported the notion of leveraging algae extracts as a promising source of antibacterial compounds. In particular, extracts from Cystoseira humilis, Bifurcaria bifurcata and Asparagopsis armata showed zones of inhibition greater than 17 mm. Purification of the compounds responsible for the inhibitory activity against several types of C. humilis microorganisms was performed using chromatography and thin layer chromatography.

4

Biological Properties of Chamaerops humilis L. – Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Leaf, Fruit and Pulp Extracts

Nekhla Houria, Atmani Majid, El Hanafi Laila, Rhioui Wijdane, Goubi Abdelfatah, Squalli Wafae, Zahri Aziz, Harrach Ahmed, El Ghadraoui Lahsen

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 8

346--356

EN

This work aimed to evaluate the polyphenol and flavonoid composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of leaf, fruit and pulp extracts of Chamaerops humilis L. Dry extracts of leaves, fruits and pulp were prepared by ultrasonic extraction and examined as potential sources of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Different methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts, including DPPH free radical scavenging assay and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the tested extracts were examined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride (AlCl3 ) methods, respectively. The antibacterial activity of leaf, fruit and pulp extracts against a collection of bacterial strains was evaluated using various in vitro methods, including well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results suggest that the leaf, the fruit and the pulp extracts have good potential as sources of bioactive compounds, the TPC and TFC of leaves were 116.209 ± 1.58 and 2.313 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g d.w, respectively. The TPC and TFC were 78.621 ± 1.06 and 0.425± 0.02 mg GAE/g dry weight in fruits, respectively. The best ability to trap DPPH radical was observed in the leaf extract (IC50 = 4.006 ± 0.36 mg/ml d.w); also, this extract revealed a better total antioxidant capacity of 119.702 ± 1.59 mg AGE/g dry weight. Regarding antibacterial activity, the leaves showed an important antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms with MIC ranging from 0.195 mg/ml to 3.125 mg/ml and with an inhibition diameter ranging from 12.03 ± 0.2 mm to 16.26 ± 0.03 mm Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between phytochemical parameters (TPC and TFC) and biological activities (antioxidant and antimicrobial activities). These results revealed that leaves, fruits and pulp extracts of C. humilis are a good source of bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant and antibacterial potentials. Therefore, they can be a new and alternative source of products for medical and industrial applications.

5

A Healthy Environmental Evaluation Study of the Antibacterial Activity of Polyethylene Oxide Against Some Bacteria Isolated from Azo Dyes

Abdulazeem Lubna, Ali Zainab Haider, Muttaleb Wurood Hamza, Kzar Mazin H., Naje Ahmed Samir

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 4

27--34

EN

The maintenance of the human body, including any actions that may be taken to keep it free from disease and intoxication and to facilitate access to treatment, are all part of good health. Having a wide variety of molecular weights, polyethylene oxide (PEO) is a hydrophilic, uncrosslinked, nonlinear system polymer. It’s made from ethylene oxide, which has a lot of advantages for medicine administration and antimicrobial purposes. Polyethylene oxide bactericidal activity at different PEO concentrations value (80, 40, 20 and 10 μg/ml) against five isolates of Bacillus cereus isolated and identification from azo dye is investigated in this work (random selection from total isolates). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of each isolate were calculated, and PEO’s antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion test. 85 Bacillus cereus isolates were collected from total azo dyes, PEO has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect against tested bacteria, with an inverse connection between inhibitory zone diameter and PEO concentration, also even exceeds the activity of some drugs. The MICs of PEO ranged from 10 to 20 μg/ml, with MBCs ranging from 20 to 80 μg/ml. In other trials, PEO was shown to be strongly attached to bacterial cells, which might explain its effect on bacterial inhibitory growth and their invasion. At an appropriate concentration, PEO significantly inhibited bacterial growth. To avoid the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, it is strongly recommended that PEO be used as a cost-effective antibacterial agent, particularly when mixed with deys used at home or in enterprises.

6

Synthesis, molecular modelling and antibacterial activity of 4-aryl-thiosemicarbazides

Bhat Mashooq Ahmad, Naglah Ahmad M., Khan Azmat Ali, Al-Dhfyan Abdullah

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2022

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Vol. 24, nr 1

39--46

EN

N-Substituted phenyl/cyclohexyl-2-(pyridine-4-carbonyl) hydrazine-1-carbothioamides (2a–r) were synthesized, characterized by spectral and analytical data. The compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity by the discdiffusion method. Most of the compounds showed activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Compound 2h with 4-Sulfapyrimidine phenyl substitution was found to be the most promising candidate, active against Gram-positive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of (2–7 μg/mL). From the docking study, we predicted that compounds (2r, 2g, 2h, 2o, 2p and 2e) possess better antibacterial activity by having a good binding affinity with target protein and they could be used as potential drugs as antimicrobials. Amongst all the docked compounds, the compound 2h presented near binding affinity & interaction docking score with DNA gyrase enzymes with reference to ciprofoxacin.

7

Molecular docking, theoretical calculations, synthesis of Ru(III), Pd(II) and VO(II) complexes and activity determination as antibacterial and antioxidant

Aly Samar A., Rizk Nashwa M.H., Eldourghamy Ayman, Farfour Safinaz, Ismael Mohamed

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2022

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Vol. 24, nr 1

29--38

EN

Molecular modeling calculations were used to validate 3D structures of new complexes of Ru(III), Pd(II) and VO(II) ions chelated with (E)-2-(phenylamino)-N-(pyridine-2-yl)methylene)acetohydrazide ligand. Furthermore, the calculations were used to estimate selected electronic chemical descriptors which are responsible for the biological activity. The first insight of the compound activity as antibacterial was evaluated by molecular docking analysis. The titled models showed stable binding towards lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase (CYP51) enzyme of E. coli, indicating their inhibition effect toward bacterial growth. Structural study of the ligand and Ru(III), Pd(II) and VO(II) chelates was done using elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR techniques. Furthermore, complexes were physically investigated based on magnetic moment, molar conductance, electronic spectroscopic and thermal analysis techniques. The antibacterial study of the synthesized compounds screened against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria revealed that these compounds display remarkable antibacterial activity and can be used as therapeutic drugs for pathogenic bacterial diseases. All complexes and ligand showed good scavenging activities which indicate a promising result for their applications as antioxidants.

8

Polyethylene Oxide and their Antibacterial Effects Against some Pathogenic Bacteria

Abbas Abtisam Jasim, Al-Alaq Farah Tareq, Abdulazee Lubna, Naje Ahmed Samir

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 6

26--31

EN

Poly ethylene oxide is an uncrosslinked, non-ionic linear hydrophilic polymer with a variety of molecular weights. PEO is used to make it, and it offers a number of beneficial qualities for medication delivery and antibacterial uses. The antibacterial activity of polyethylene oxide (PEO) at various concentrations as (80, 40, 20, 10 g/ml) against bacteria in Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Lactobacillus sp. and Gram-negative Enterobacter bugandensis, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia was investigated in this study. The disk diffusion experiment was used to assess the antimicrobial activity of PEO, as well as each isolate’s minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). PEO is shown to have strong broad-spectrum antibacterial action against the bacteria studied, that inhibition zone increase their width inversely proportional to PEO concentration, and has even outpaced the efficacy of certain medicines. PEO had MICs ranging from 10 to 20 g/ml, as well as MBCs of 20 to 80 g/ml. In additional studies, PEO was discovered to be strongly associated with the cell of bacteria, which contributed to its inhibitory impact on bacterial invasion and growth. PEO at an appropriate dose effectively decreased bacterial growth. PEO is highly recommended as a cost-effective antibacterial treatment, Specifically, ectopic infection treatment without the risk of bacterial strains becoming antibiotic-resistant.

9

Miód pszczeli w żywieniu i profilaktyce zdrowotnej

Dżugan Małgorzata, Miłek Michał, Sidor Ewelina, Tomczyk Monika

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2021

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T. 75, nr 3

20--24

PL

Miód pszczeli to bardzo popularny produkt, znany i ceniony ze względu na swoje właściwości prozdrowotne i energetyczne. Pod względem składu chemicznego jest stężonym roztworem cukrów (70-80%), zawierającym 17-18% wody. Bioaktywność miodu jest związana głównie z obecnością pozostałych składników, występujących w miodzie w niewielkich ilościach, głównie związków polifenolowych, enzymów, witamin i składników mineralnych. Profil jakościowy i ilościowy tych składników w miodzie jest bardzo zróżnicowany i zależy od pochodzenia botanicznego (odmiany) i geograficznego miodu. Zachowanie pełnej aktywności miodu wymaga odpowiedniego postępowania podczas pozyskiwania go w pasiece, dystrybucji i przechowywania, ale również konsumpcji. Miód pszczeli o niskim stopniu przetworzenia, racjonalnie spożywany, może zapewnić właściwą ogólną równowagę organizmu oraz zapobiegać chorobom.

EN

Honey bee is a very popular product, known and appreciated for its health-promoting properties. In terms of its chemical composition, it is a concentrated solution of sugars (70-80%) containing 17-18% of water. The bioactivity of honey is mainly due to the occurrence of other minor components of honey, mainly polyphenolic compounds, enzymes, vitamins and minerals. The quality profile and concentration of these ingredients varies greatly depending on its botanical (variety) and geographic origin of honey. Maintaining the full activity of honey requires its proper handling during extraction, distribution and storage. Low-processed bee honey, if consumed rationally, can provide a good overall balance of the body and prevent disease.

10

Application of Taguchi method in the optimization of synthesis of cellulose-MgO bionanocomposite as antibacterial agent

Safaei Mohsen, Taran Mojtaba, Imani Mohammad Moslem, Moradpoor Hedaiat, Rezaei Farzad, Jamshidy Ladan, Rezaei Razieh

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2019

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Vol. 21, nr 4

116--122

EN

In this study, optimal conditions to form cellulose-MgO nanocomposite with antibacterial properties were evaluated. Applying the Taguchi method, 9 experiments were designed and the effects of different concentrations of biopolymers cellulose (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml), MgO nanoparticles (2, 4 and 8 mg/ml) and stirring times (30, 60 and 90 min) on antibacterial activity of synthesized nanocomposites were assessed. The characterizations of products were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The results showed that the nano-composite produced in the conditions of experiment 9 (MgO 8 mg/ml, cellulose 2 mg/ml and stirring time of 60 min) has the strongest antibacterial activity. The outcomes of both methods of colony forming units (CFU) and disc diffusion indicated that the antibacterial activity of cellulose-MgO nanocomposite was significantly higher than its components (P <0.05). Thermal analysis indicated improvement in the thermal stability of the cellulose biopolymer after the formation of the nanocomposite. Due to the improvement of the antibacterial properties of cellulose-MgO nanocomposite compared to its components, we can use it as a new antibacterial agent in the fields of pharmaceutical, medicine and dentistry.

11

Synteza nanocząstek srebra przy użyciu ekstraktów roślinnych

Knurek Jakub, Buchaj Aleksandra, Garbacz Monika

Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska

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2019

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T. 22, nr 1

63--74

EN

The field of nanotechnology is the most dynamic region of research in material sciences and the synthesis of nanoparticles is picking up significantly throughout the world. This trend is related to the possibilities of using them in many disciplines, including microbiology, biotechnology and laboratory diagnostics. Due to the high interest in nanoparticles synthesis, the methods of formation and stabilization of nanometric particles have become the subject of many studies in recent years. Medicinally active plants have proven to be the best reservoirs of diverse phytochemicals for the synthesis of biogenic silver nanoparticles. The resulting structures are characterized by optimal properties, and the method used is more ecological than chemical reduction. Accordingly, this review presents different methods of preparation silver nanoparticles and application of these nanoparticles in different fields.

PL

Nanotechnologia jest jedną z najbardziej dynamicznych dyscyplin badań w dziedzinie inżynierii materiałowej, a liczba syntez nanocząstek metali znacząco rośnie na całym świecie. Ten trend związany jest z możliwościami wykorzystania ich w wielu dyscyplinach nauki, m.in. mikrobiologii, biotechnologii i diagnostyce laboratoryjnej. Ze względu na duże zainteresowanie nanocząstkami metody tworzenia i stabilizacji nanometrycznych cząstek stały się w ostatnich latach przedmiotem wielu badań. Udowodniono, że ekstrakty roślinne, zawierające zespół związków fitochemicznych, mogą być wykorzystywane do syntezy biogennych nanocząstek srebra. Powstałe struktury charakteryzują się stosownymi właściwościami, a metoda „zielonej” syntezy jest bardziej ekologiczna od innych technik. W związku z tym w artykule przedstawiono różne metody biosyntezy nanocząstek srebra oraz ich interdyscyplinarne zastosowania.

12

Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on Dyeability and Physical Properties of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Fiber

Ma Jaehyuk, Elmaaty Tarek Abou, Okubayashi Satoko

Autex Research Journal

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2019

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Vol. 19, no. 3

228--235

EN

Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing, a new type of anhydrous dyeing method, has a lot of advantages, mainly conservation of energy, prevention of pollution, reusability of dye, and many more. This study presents a viable method for the dyeing of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric by using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as a medium. Five hydrozono propanenitrile dyes that are functional colorants having antibacterial activity were applied for the dyeing of the UHMWPE fabric in scCO2 at a pressure of 20 MPa and at temperature of 120°C. The dyeability of UHMWPE fabric under scCO2 was evaluated by color measurement, whereby the color strength K/S was calculated. As the treating time and concentration of dye increased, the dyeability of the UHMWPE fabric displayed the tendency to continually improve. As decaline was added into scCO2 as the cosolvent, we obtained higher K/S. Furthermore, color fastness to rubbing and sublimation of the dyed UHMWPE fabric were determined according to Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) L 0849 2 and JIS L 0854, and the trend showed that the increase in fastness corresponded to the increase in duration of the treatment. The influence of scCO2 dyeing on the mechanical properties of UHMWPE was also examined. Consequently, it was found that dyeing in scCO2 containing decaline reduced the crystallinity of the UHMWPE fabric and the breaking strength decreased. The antimicrobial property of UHMWPE dyed with N′-(2-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-2-(p-tolyl)acetohydrazonoyl cyanide was tested against three different microorganisms, and the results have been reported.

13

Synthesis, Characterization and Some Biological Properties of PVA/PVP/PN Hydrogel Nanocomposites: Antibacterial and Biocompatibility

Doğan E. E., Tokcan P., Diken M. E., Yilmaz B., Kizilduman B. K., Sabaz P.

Advances in Materials Science

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2019

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Vol. 19, nr 3(61)

32--45

EN

In this study, it was aimed to synthesize hydrogel based antibacterial, biocompatible and non-toxic wound dressing materials by solvent removal method usingpoly(vinylalcohol) (PVA), poly(vinylpyrolidone) (PVP) and nano pomegranate seed (PN).The morphology, swelling capacity, contact angle, antibacterial activity, biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the synthesized films were determined. From the experimental findings, it was found that the PN particles were nano-sized, showed homogeneous and spherical distribution and improved the hydrophobic properties of the materials obtained by the addition of PN. And also, their swelling capacities were decreased with increased PN amount and all of the materials showed similar antibacterial activity, hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity.

14

Coating textiles with antibacterial nanoparticles using the sonochemical techniqe

Perkas N., Perelshtein I., Gedanken A.

Journal of Machine Construction and Maintenance - Problemy Eksploatacji

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2018

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no. 4

15--26

EN

This chapter reviews the research on antibacterial functionalization of textiles with inorganic nanoparticles (Ag, MgO, Al2O3) by the sonochemical method. Sonochemistry is one of the most efficient techniques for the synthesis of nanosized materials, wherein ultrasonic waves in the frequency range of 20 kHz to 1 MHz serve as a driving force for chemical reactions. Sonochemical reactions are dependent on acoustic cavitation: the formation, growth, and explosive collapse of bubbles in irradiated liquids. Extreme conditions are developed when the bubbles collapse (temperature >5000 K, pressure >1000 atm, and cooling rates >109 K/sec), resulting in the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. The deposition of nanoparticles on the surface of natural and synthetic yarns and fabrics (wool, cotton, nylon, polyester) may be achieved using ultrasound irradiation. This process produces a uniform coating of nanoparticles on the textile surface with different functional groups. The coating can be performed by an in situ process, where the nanoparticles are formed and immediately propelled to the surface of the fabric. This approach was demonstrated with nanosilver. Alternatively, the sonochemical process can be used as a "throwing stone" technique, where previously synthesized nanoparticles are sonicated in the presence of the fabric. This process was shown with MgO and Al2O3 nanoparticles, which were propelled to the surface by microjets and adhered strongly to the textile without any additional binder. This phenomenon was explained because of the local melting of the substrate due to the high rate and temperature of nanoparticles propelled at the solid surface by sonochemical microjets. The activity of the fabric finishing with antibacterial nanoparticles was tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria cultures. A significant bactericidal effect was demonstrated in both cases, even at a low concentration, below 1 wt.% of nanoparticles in the fabric.

PL

Dokonano przeglądu badań nad funkcjonalizacją antybakteryjną wyrobów włókienniczych nanocząsteczkami nieorganicznymi (Ag, MgO, Al2O3 ) metodą sonochemiczną. Sonochemia jest jedną z najskuteczniejszych technik syntezy nanomateriałów, w której fale ultradźwiękowe w zakresie częstotliwości od 20 kHz do 1 MHz służą jako siła napędowa dla reakcji chemicznych. Reakcje sonochemiczne są zależne od kawitacji akustycznej: powstawania, wzrostu i wybuchowego rozpadu pęcherzyków w napromieniowanych cieczach. Ekstremalne warunki powstają, gdy pęcherzyki zapadają się (temperatura > 5000 K, ciśnienie > 1000 atm, szybkość chłodzenia > 109 K/s), powodując pękanie i tworzenie wiązań chemicznych. Osadzanie nanocząsteczek na powierzchni przędz i tkanin naturalnych i syntetycznych (wełna, bawełna, nylon, poliester) można uzyskać za pomocą napromieniowania ultradźwiękowego. W tym procesie uzyskuje się jednolitą powłokę nanocząsteczek na powierzchni tkaniny z różnymi grupami funkcyjnymi. Powłokę można prowadzić w procesie in situ, w którym nanocząsteczki są formowane i natychmiast wyrzucane na powierzchnię tkaniny. To podejście zostało wykazane z nanosrebrem. Alternatywnie, proces sonochemiczny może być stosowany jako technika „rzucania kamieniami”, w którym wcześniej zsyntetyzowane nanocząsteczki są sonikowane w obecności tkaniny. Proces ten został przedstawiony za pomocą nanocząsteczek MgO i Al2O3, które zostały wyrzucone na powierzchnię za pomocą mikrodysz i silnie przylegały do tkaniny bez dodatkowego spoiwa. Zjawisko to tłumaczy się miejscowym topnieniem podłoża z powodu wysokiej szybkości i temperatury nanocząsteczek wyrzucanych na powierzchnię stałą przez sonochemiczne mikrodysze. Aktywność tkaniny wykończonej nanocząsteczkami przeciwbakteryjnymi badano na kulturach bakterii Gram-ujemnych i Gram-dodatnich. Znaczące działanie bakteriobójcze wykazano w obu przypadkach, nawet w niskim stężeniu, poniżej 1% wag. nanocząsteczek w tkaninie.

15

Properties of Cotton Fabric Modified with a Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt Nanoparticle

Wei Z., Xinlan D., Jinjie Z.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2018

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Vol. 26, no. 4 (130)

116--121

EN

In this study, a novel fibre-reactive nanoparticle was synthesised in three steps. First awater-soluble chitosan derivative, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chitosanchloride (short for HTCC), was prepared by reacting chitosan with 2,3-poxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. Second the HTCC was further modified by reacting it with N-(hydroxymethyl)-acrylamide to prepare a fibre-reactive chitosan derivative, O-methyl acrylamide quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan (short for NMA-HTCC), which can form covalent bonds with cellulose fibre under alkaline conditions. Thirdly NMA-HTCC nanoparticles were prepared by the ionotropic gelation reaction method. The particle size and TEM researches indicated that the globular NMA-HTCC nanoparticle with a size distribution of 15 - 50 nm was successfully prepared and presented good dispersity and stability. Then the NMA-HTCC nanoparticle was used for the textile finishing of cotton fabric. The modified cotton fabric demonstrated excellent durable wrinkle-resistance and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, even after 50 repeated launderings. Moreover the shrinkage-resistance of the modified cotton fabric was distinctly improved, and the contact angle was slightly larger, while the whiteness and mechanical properties had not changed in an obvious way.

PL

W pracy syntetyzowano nanocząsteczkę reaktywną wobec włókien w trzech etapach. Najpierw przez poddanie reakcji chitozanu z chlorkiem 2,3-epoksypropylotrimetyloamoniowym otrzymano rozpuszczalną w wodzie pochodną chitozanu, chlorek N-[(2-hydroksy-3-trimetyloamino) propylo] chitozanu (HTCC). Następnie HTCC modyfikowano przez poddanie reakcji z N-(hydroksymetylo)-akryloamidem w celu wytworzenia reaktywnej wobec włókna pochodnej chitozanu, czwartorzędowej soli amonowej O-metyloakryloamidowej chitozanu (NMA-HTCC), która może tworzyć wiązania kowalencyjne z włóknami celulozowymi w warunkach alkalicznych. W kolejnym etapie przygotowano nanocząstki NMA-HTCC metodą jonotropowej reakcji żelowania. Badania rozmiarów cząstek i TEM wykazały, że kuliste nanocząstki NMA-HTCC o rozkładzie wielkości 15-50 nm miały dobrą dyspersyjność i stabilność. Następnie nanocząstki NMA-HTCC zostały użyte do wykańczania tkanin bawełnianych. Zmodyfikowana tkanina bawełniana wykazała się trwałą odpornością na gniecenie i działaniem przeciwbakteryjnym na bakterie Staphylococcus aureus i Escherichia coli, nawet po 50 powtarzanych praniach. Ponadto znacznie poprawiona została odporność na kurczenie się zmodyfikowanej tkaniny bawełnianej, a kąt zwilżania był nieco większy, natomiast biel i właściwości mechaniczne nie uległy zmianie w znaczący sposób.

16

Antimicrobial Activity of Monolayer and Multilayer Films Containing Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Sulphanilate

Gendaszewska D., Szuster L., Wyrębska Ł., Piotrowska M.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2018

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Vol. 26, no. 2 (128)

73--78

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial properties of multilayer films containing a PHMG sulphanilate (polyhexamethylene guanidine sulphanilate). Three types of films were selected: monolayer and three-layer films (both containing biocide) and market foil. The antibacterial activity of polyethylene film with PHMG sulphanilate was verified based on the guidelines of ISO 22196: 2007 (E): Plastics - Measurement of antibacterial activity on plastic surfaces. The antimicrobial efficacy of the monolayer film against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was very good, equalling 6.25 log (100%) and 6.02 log (100%), respectively. It means that a total reduction in bacteria on the surface tested was achieved. The antimicrobial efficacy of the three-layer film against Escherichia coli was satisfactory and equaled 1.32 log (95.2%). The antimicrobial efficacy of this film against Staphylococcus aureus was very good and equaled 6.02 log (100%). The antifungal activity of polyethylene film with PHMG sulphanilate was verified based on the guidelines of ASTM G21 - 96: Standard practice for determining the resistance of synthetic polymeric materials to fungi. The fungal growth of Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum and Trichoderma viride on the monolayer and three layer films was also inhibited, which means that the biocide in the films also exhibits antifungal activities. For the market foil, poor antibacterial efficacy against the bacteria and no antifungal activity against the fungi tested was observed.

PL

Celem badań było określenie właściwości przeciwdrobnoustrojowych wielowarstwowych folii zawierających pochodną PHMG (sulfanilan poliheksametylenoguanidyny). Do badań wybrano trzy rodzaje folii: jednowarstwową i trójwarstwową (obie zawierające sulfanilan PHMG) i folię rynkową. Skuteczność antybakteryjna folii jednowarstwowej w odniesieniu do Escherichia coli i Staphylococcus aureus była bardzo dobra i wynosiła odpowiednio: 6,25 log (100%) oraz 6,02 log (100%), co oznacza całkowitą redukcję naniesionych komórek bakterii na badanej powierzchni. Skuteczność antybakteryjna folii trójwarstwowej w odniesieniu do Escherichia coli i Staphylococcus aureus była również dobra i wynosiła odpowiednio: 1,32 log (95,2%) oraz 6,02 log (100%). Ponadto, w badaniach zaobserwowano zahamowanie wzrostu pleśni: Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum i Trichoderma viride zarówno na jednowarstwowej, jak i trójwarstwowej folii. Stwierdzono, że zawarty w foliach biocyd wykazywał również właściwości przeciwgrzybicze. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły, że zastosowanie pochodnej PHMG do produkcji folii zapewnia skuteczną ochronę przed wzrostem niepożądanych mikroorganizmów na badanych foliach.

17

Facile synthesis of chitosan/CuO nanocomposites for potential use as biocontrol agents

Siriphannon P., Iamphaojeen Y.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2018

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Vol. 66, nr 3

311--316

EN

Chitosan/CuO nanocomposites (Chi/CuO) were prepared by facile and eco-friendly technique. The 2%w/v chitosan solution was mixed with 0.5 %w/w sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), resulting in the formation of ionically crosslinked chitosan. The crosslinked chitosan was soaked in an aqueous solution containing 0.001, 0.01 or 0.1 mol/L CuSO4·5H2O for 24 hrs, in which the Cu2+ ions were absorbed into the chitosan network, forming as the chitosan/Cu2+ precursors. The chitosan/Cu2+ precursors were hydrothermally reacted in two different basic media, i.e. NaOH and NH4OH, at 100°C for 24 hrs, resulting in the nano-sized CuO crystals hydrothermally grew and embedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix. The CuO grown in the NaOH possessed larger crystallite size and higher crystallinity than that in the NH4OH. In addition, the CuO crystallite size in the nanocomposites increased with the increase of initial concentration of Cu2+ starting agent due to the increase of Cu2+ quantity in the chitosan/Cu2+ precursors. The chitosan/CuO nanocomposites prepared by using 0.01 and 0.1 mol/L Cu2+ could exhibit the antibacterial activities after intimate contact with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli under JIS L 1902:1998 (Qualitative) test method, indicating their potential use as biocontrol agents.

18

Właściwości antyoksydacyjne, antybakteryjne i przeciwgrzybicze związków kompleksowych miedzi(II)

Piotrowska A., Drzeżdżon J., Jacewicz D., Chmurzyński L.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2017

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[Z] 71, 3-4

219--240

EN

Since late 1930s copper has been recognized as an essential trace metal in living organisms. Copper(II) cation plays the role as a coordination center not only in the single-nuclear complexes, but also in the multinuclear coordination compounds with a particular emphasis on the polymers as ligands. The selected complex compounds of copper(II) with ligands which are organic and inorganic species have been characterized taking into account their physico-chemical properties. In addition, the complex compounds containing ligands such as Schiff ’s bases, hydrocarbons, organic bases, and also polycarboxylic anions: oxydiacetate, thiodiacetate, iminodiacetate and dipicolinate have been described considering their role in the biological systems. Nowadays tested coordination compounds of copper(II) have interesting antibacterial activities against bacteria strains that are antagonistic to the human. The antibacterial activity of copper(II) complex is stronger than some of the known antibacterial substances e.g. ciprofloxacin. In addition, copper(II) complex compounds exhibit a 64-fold greater antimicrobial properties than copper(II) chloride. Moreover, these compounds have antifungal and antioxidant properties. The activities of antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant complex compounds of copper( II) have been compared to the reactivities of these compounds with complexes used as reference substances, e.g. L-ascorbic acid, in the assay using nitrotetrazolium blue.

19

Synteza i aktywność biologiczna pochodnych salinomycyny

Antoszczak M., Huczyński A., Brzezinski B.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2017

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[Z] 71, 7-8

629--661

EN

Polyether ionophore antibiotics (ionophores) represent a large group of naturally- occurring lipid-soluble compounds isolated from actinomycetes strains of Streptomyces genus. Ionophores are able to form complexes with the metal cations, especially sodium and potassium, and transport them across the lipid membranes according to electroneutral or electrogenic transport mechanism. This process disturbs the intercellular Na+/K+ concentration gradient and intracellular pH, leads to the mitochondrial injuries, cell swelling, vacuolization and finally to programmed cell death (apoptosis). For this reason, ionophore antibiotics found commercial use in veterinary medicine as coccidiostatic agents and non-hormonal growth promoters. In addition to the industrial use of ionophores, some of them effectively and selectively inhibit properties of different cancer cells as well as enhance the anti-cancer effects of radio- and/or chemotherapy. In this group, particularly interesting is salinomycin because of its potent anti-microbial and anti-cancer activity, including efficiency against multi-drug resistant cancer cells and cancer stem cells. A very interesting direction of research is the chemical modification of ionophore antibiotics, which can lead to obtaining various derivatives with better biological activity and lower toxicity than those of the starting substances. Because biological activity of ionophore antibiotics and their derivatives is strictly connected with the ability to form characteristic pseudocyclic structures around the complexed cations (host-guest complex), it is also important to establish the detailed information on these structures. In this context, our review article is focused on the possible role of salinomycin and its derivatives in anti-microbial as well as anti-cancer therapy, and gives an overview of the properties of this antibiotic.

20

Badania wybranych właściwości skór modyfikowanych minerałami naturalnymi z dodatkiem preparatu na bazie poliheksametylenobiguanidy

Ławińska K., Gandaszewska D., Kozar O., Sprynskyy M., Wionczyk B.

Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów

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2017

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R. 62

86--95

PL

Zbadano strukturę i wybrane parametry fizyko-mechaniczne, higieniczne i mikrobiologiczne podszewkowych skór obuwiowych z wypełnieniem opartym na naturalnych kompozytach mineralnych: zeolicie (MMZ), montmorylonicie (MMT) z dodatkiem preparatu na bazie poliheksametylenobiguanidy (PHMB). Badania wykazały poprawę badanych właściwości modyfikowanych próbek w odniesieniu do skór bez dodatku PHMB.

EN

The structure and the selected physical and mechanical, hygienic and microbiological parameters of footwear lining leather with filling based on natural mineral composite materials: zeolite (MMZ), montmorillonite (MMT) with an addition of a preparation based on polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) were tested. The research has shown an improvement in the tested properties of the modified samples in relation to leather without PHMB.