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EN
This article evaluates the significance of controllable parameters in the plasma cutting process, using the Plackett-Burman Method and the Analysis of Expert Opinions Method. The plasma cutting process was tested using a WPA-6000 Compakt plasma cutter, on non-alloy steel, of the S235JR EN 10025-2:2007 grade, with a carbon equivalent of 0.35%. The effect of the thickness of the sheet, the current flow rate, the cutting speed, the gas pressure during cutting, the height of the torch during cutting, the pierce delay time and the initial pierce height, were analysed. The research revealed the influence of the controllable parameters tested, in the plasma cutting process, on selected output parameters, surface cut drag lines, the width of the kerf at the inlet and outlet, and the value of the perpendicularity of the kerf on the surface of the base. The greatest influences were recorded for intensity of cutting current, cutting speed and gas pressure during cutting. The results obtained were confirmed by the results of the analysis of expert opinions.
PL
W artykule dokonano oceny istotności parametrów sterowalnych procesu cięcia plazmowego za pomocą metody Placketta-Burmana i analizy opinii ekspertów. Badania procesu cięcia plazmowego przeprowadzono przy użyciu przecinarki plazmowej WPA- 6000 Compakt na stali niestopowej konstrukcyjnej gatunku S235JR EN 10025-2:2007 z ekwiwalentem węglowym wynoszącym 0.35 %. Analizowano wpływ grubości blachy, natężenia prądu, prędkości cięcia, ciśnienia gazów podczas cięcia, odstępu palnika od blachy podczas cięcia, czasu dziurkowania oraz wysokości startu. Badania ujawniły wpływ badanych parametrów sterowalnych procesu cięcia plazmowego na wybrane parametry wyjściowe, w szczególności na skok śladów cięcia, na szerokość szczeliny na wejściu i wyjściu oraz na wartość prostopadłości szczeliny do powierzchni bazowej. Największe wpływy zarejestrowano dla natężenia prądu, prędkości cięcia oraz ciśnienia gazu podczas cięcia. Otrzymane wyniki badań zostały potwierdzone wynikami analizy opinii ekspertów.
EN
This paper proposes the application of computer simulation methods in order to analyse the availability of resources, buffers and the impact of the allocation of workers on the throughput and work-in-progress of a manufacturing system. The simulation model of the production system is based on an existing example of a manufacturing company in the automotive industry. The manufacturing system includes both machining and assembly operations. Simulation experiments were conducted vis-`a-vis the availability of the different manufacturing resources, the various allocations of buffer capacities and the number of employees. The production system consists of three manufacturing cells – each cell including two CNC machines – and two assembly stations. The parts produced by the manufacturing cells are stored in buffers and transferred to the assembly stations. Workers are allocated to the manufacturing cells and assembly stations, but the number of workers may be less than number of workplaces and are thus termed ‘multi-workstations’. Using computer simulation methods, the impact of the availability of resources, the number of employees and of the allocation of buffer capacity on the throughput and work-in-progress of the manufacturing system is analysed. The results of the research are used to improve the effectiveness of manufacturing systems using a decision support system and the proper control of resources. Literature analysis shows that the study of the impact of buffer capacities, availability of resources and the number of employees on assembly manufacturing system performance have not been carried out so far.
EN
The paper presents the results of simulation research on buffer space allo-cated in a flow line and operation times influence on the throughput of a manufacturing system. The production line in the study consists of four stages and is based on a real machining manufacturing system of a small production enterprise. Using Tecnomatix Plant Simulation software, a simulation model of the system was created and set of experiments was planned. Simulation experiments were prepared for different capacities of intermediate buffers located between manufacturing resources and op-eration times as input parameters, and the throughput per hour and aver-age life span of products as the output.
EN
This paper presents the effects of researches regarding the computer programming systems to support the management of production conducted in Polish manufacturing companies. The research based on a survey covered 57 companies in all 16 voivodeship. The analysis of research presents development issues and the need for further function of ERP system. While researching the functionality of ERP systems, 23 functions has been included, among other things: - registration of active time, - registration of active time of technologist, - calculation cost of fabrication of product, - configuration of product, - minimalization of surplus, - production plannig. The researches include the elements of the number od critical and essential problems and the number of critical and essential problems with function state. Critical problems mostly appear in small and middle companies. Many critical and essential problems in supply industry, operation of magazine and furtherance work of sale. Small companies have maximum problems in this field. The number of critical and essential problems with deployment of ERP function has increased in companies lacking the deployed, problematic ERP functions – this outcome is illogical. This situation that came into existance might be perceived as probable difficulties of the company in a certain area. The paper includes the research of the General Agency of Statistics applying to the market saturation of ERP systems for the manufacturing companies. The researches presents analysis of studies point to the important role and usefulness of the supervising consultants of ERP systems. The direction of the management of the company and the benefits of introducing information systems has been included.
EN
This paper proposes the application of computer simulation methods to support decision making regarding intermediate buffer allocations in a series-parallel production line. The simulation model of the production system is based on a real example of a manufacturing company working in the automotive industry. Simulation experiments were conducted for different allocations of buffer capacities and different numbers of employees. The production system consists of three technological operations with intermediate buffers between each operation. The technological operations are carried out using machines and every machine can be operated by one worker. Multi-work in the production system is available (one operator operates several machines). On the basis of the simulation experiments, the relationship between system throughput, buffer allocation and the number of employees is analyzed. Increasing the buffer capacity results in an increase in the average product lifespan. Therefore, in the article a new index is proposed that includes the throughput of the manufacturing system and product life span. Simulation experiments were performed for different configurations of technological operations.
EN
Building teams has a fundamental impact for execution of research and development projects. Often the success of the project depends on the competence of employees implementing these projects. Therefore, it becomes essential to build the team where skills complement each other in terms of knowledge, personality and practical skills. On the other hand an important element is the process of assessing the candidate. The person dealing with recruitment often bases its decisions on intuition / subjective impression and they tend to be unreliable. The article presents a proposal to use Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS methods in team building for R&D projects on the basis of employees skills using for this process the most well-known tool, namely spreadsheet.
EN
This paper proposes the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process method to support decision making regarding the selection of an Enterprise Resource Planning system in a manufacturing company. The main assumption of the work is that the management of the selection of an ERP system should consider that the most important selection criteria are concerned with the functionality of the ERP system. Besides this, the aspects of total cost of ownership, technical support and implementation time or vendor experience are taken into consideration to guarantee a successful ERP implementation. The proposed procedure of an ERP system selection is dedicated for small and medium manufacturing enterprises. A structure of attributes for the AHP method is proposed on the basis of an analysis and identification of critical success factors. Different kinds of production (make-to-stock, make-to-order and engineer-to-order are taken into consideration). Illustrative examples are also given.
EN
The paper presents the results of survey research of 300 Polish small and medium enterprises. The project "The prototype of e-business service platform" was realized in cooperation with MaxElectronik company as a part of “Initech” Ministry of Science and Higher Education and founded by the National Centre for Research and Development based on the contract ZPB/8/67012/IT2/10. The research was focused on the identification of business process automation level. To analyze the automation level, the following business processes are identified: sales process, logistic process, human resource management process, financial management process. The main goal of the research was analyze of possibilities time reduction of the processes by implementation SAAS system (software as a service) in the enterprise. In the article only a part of the research is presented that is concerned with the automation of logistic process in small and medium enterprises.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań ankietowych 300 małych i średnich polskich przedsiębiorstw. Badania były realizowane w ramach projektu "Prototyp Platformy Usług e-Biznesowych" realizowanym w ramach Przedsięwzięcia Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego "IniTech", finansowanym przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju w ramach umowy ZPB/8/67012/IT2/10 we współpracy z firmą Max Elektronik SA. Badania obejmowały między innymi analizę procesów w obszarze finansów, sprzedaży, logistyki, zarządzania personelem, opracowanie modeli procesów biznesowych dedykowanych sektorowi MŚP, analizy ilościowe stopnia automatyzacji oraz zapotrzebowania na automatyzację procesów biznesowych. W artykule przedstawiono część wyników badań dotyczących możliwości automatyzacji operacji procesu logistycznego realizowanego w przedsiębiorstwach sektora MSP.
EN
This article elaborates on the model of managing knowledge workers. The authors aim at analysing a effectiveness of business processes in the sale functional area in enterprises based on the research results. Specifically, likely consequences of managing knowledge workers as "sale specialist" on the effectiveness of internal business processes are studied. This was followed by a discussion on the results of the literature and empirical studies. The summary shows the directions of a further work.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano model oceny efektywności procesów biznesowych w obszarze sprzedaży w aspekcie zarządzania pracownikami wiedzy na podstawie wyników badań empirycznych. Zaprezentowano wyniki badań dotyczące wpływu wymiany wiedzy pomiędzy pracownikami wiedzy na wartości zdefiniowanych wskaźników oceny efektywności procesów biznesowych. W podsumowaniu pokazano kierunki dalszych prac.
10
Content available The impact of ERP on maintenance management
EN
This paper presents a methodology for implementation of an ERP system in the area of production maintenance. The methodology is based on integration of monitoring maintenance events, manufacturing data registration and an employee motivation system.. The maintenance processes discussed in the paper encompass activities in the area of disaster recovery, overhauls, changeovers and special equipment production. This methodology requires implementation of an effective system of data registration and the design of a motivation system for maintenance staff based on the registered data. The models of the maintenance processes are proposed and the illustrative examples are given.
EN
Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) still treat expenditure on the purchase of the knowledge management (KM) tools as an expense and not in the category of investment. It seems that in order to motivate an SME to implement a KM tool to support it should be shown the advantages and disadvantages benefits of such activities. In this paper, the authors provide a practical approach for measuring the contributions and impacts of the use of a KM tool in a SME.
PL
Małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa (MSP) ciągle postrzegają zakup narzędzi wspomagających zarządzanie wiedzą w kategorii wydatków, a nie inwestycji. W artykule autorzy podjęli próbę pomiaru korzyści wynikających z wdrożenia takich narzędzi na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa sektora MSP. Zaproponowano wskaźniki pomiaru tych korzyści oraz pokazano wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz.
12
Content available remote Badania możliwości automatyzacji procesów biznesowych logistyki w sektorze MSP
PL
Artykuł prezentuje niewielką część wyników badań prowadzonych w ramach projektu "Prototyp Platformy Usług e-Biznesowych" realizowanego w ramach Przedsięwzięcia Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego "IniTech", finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju w ramach umowy ZPB/8/67012/IT2/10. Badania obejmowały między innymi analizę procesów biznesowych funkcjonujących w sektorze małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w zakresie finansów, sprzedaży, logistyki, zarządzania personelem, opracowanie modeli procesów biznesowych dedykowanych sektorowi MŚP, analizy ilościowe stopnia automatyzacji oraz zapotrzebowania na automatyzację procesów biznesowych sektora MŚP oraz analizę możliwości formalnych i technicznych automatyzacji procesów. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań 300 firm z terenu całej Polski dotyczących możliwości automatyzacji operacji procesu logistycznego w przedsiębiorstwach sektora MŚP.
EN
The paper presents only small portion of research project results "The prototype of e-business service platform" realized as a part of "IniTech" Ministry of Science and Higher Education undertaking founded by National Centre for Research and Development based on the contract ZPB/8/67012/IT2/10. The research encompassed analysis of business processes realized in sector of small and medium enterprises (SME) in area of finances, sales, logistics and human resources management, building models of business processes dedicated for SME, quantitative analysis of automation level and demand for automation of business processes of SMEs and analysis of formal and technical opportunities of business processes automation. The article presents research results of automation possibilities of operations of logistics process realized by SME based on the survey research of 300 Polish enterprises.
13
EN
Mechanical engineering companies which manufacture complex products (CNC machine tools, production lines) require a long implementation time, preparation of complicated technical documentation and total involvement of construction and technology engineers throughout the whole design and production process. The data used in the major area of such enterprises come mainly from departments involved in the preparation of technical production. The area of technical production preparation generates the largest volume of data in the ERP system. This stems from the prototypical nature of products and the necessity to create new construction and technology specifications virtually for each order separately. One of the major files in ERP systems is the material index file. Material indices, including standards of use, comprise a bill of materials. This is a basis for establishing demand for materials according to the Material Requirements Planning (MRP). Bills of materials are supplemented with technological operations, which is necessary for planning of production and balancing production capacity. The contribution of technical production preparation is important from the point of view of the budget and implementation schedule for the order. Thus, the design construction and technology for a product should be planned and registered in the ERP system. The costs of qualified engineering labour and depreciation of CAD and CAE software packages are high, moreover labour consumption while designing prototypes may reach thousands of working hours. For this reason, employees of design and technology areas should register the number of working hours spent on each project [1]. While developing the bill of materials and technologies, engineers deal with the monitoring of standard manufacturing costs. In this article an evaluation method of ERP effciency in the area of the technical preparation of production is presented. The method is elaborated on the basis of the experience of many implementations of ERP systems of industrial engineering companies.
14
Content available remote Methodology of ERP system improving
EN
Today, it is hard to imagine a production company which is not using information technology. IT (Information Technology) infrastructure and software have become indispensable tools used by the majority of companies. Moreover, many companies could not run their business if it was not for effcient IT infrastructure and involvement of highly qualified IT specialists. The interpretation of the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) vary depending on whether it is used by a company, an IT market analyst or software distributor. The ERP systems are defined as a cohesive integration of processes in functional areas of the company, which improve work flow and order management, standardizes business practices, improve materials accounting and facilitates supply chain management [1]. The paper describes methodology of continuous improvement of the ERP system functionality on the basis of a user satisfaction survey, data analysis and the Deming Cycle. The proposed methodology is a result of many practical functionality innovations implemented in ERP systems, executed in order to improve business, logistic, production and decision processing. Some of the implemented innovations have been described using the example of manufacturing companies. The necessity of constant adaptation and improvement of the ERP system functionality caused by changing market conditions and the necessity of adapting enterprises executing engineer-to-order production to these changes is the principal reason for applying the presented methodology. The research is based on the survey and case study analysis of a manufacturing company (Delta company). The illustrative examples are also given.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono projektowanie, budowę oraz właściwości woltomierza cyfrowego w oparciu o 24-bitowy przetwornik analogowo-cyfrowy AD7731 typu Σ-Δ firmy Analog Devices. Jak podają dane katalogowe element ten cechuje się nieliniowością charakterystyki wynoszącą ±15 ppm [4], co ponad stukrotnie przekracza jego rozdzielczość. Wartość ta została zweryfikowana w trakcie analizy dokładności układu. Do układu przetwornika AD7731 dobudowano system mikroprocesorowy, wyświetlacz graficzny, klawiaturę, wzmacniacz wejściowy, zewnętrzne źródło napięcia odniesienia, optoizolację oraz rozbudowany zasilacz.
EN
The digital voltmeter with 24-bit analog to digital converter AD7731 type Σ-Δ by Analog Devices is presented in this paper. As it is presented in application note this element is characterized by nonlinear-ity which equals ±15ppm [4], that exceeds hundred times its resolution. The value was verified during the precise analyzes of this circuit. To AD7731 circuit microprocessor system was built, which is responsible for changing parameters of AD7731, connecting with display and changing the range of measurement. LSD display was used to present results of measurements, for the user communication with the circuit a simple keyboard was used. The amplifier input was used in order to increase input impedance. The opto-isolation was used to eliminate the mistakes of measurements, but this was connected with extending of the voltage power. The voltmeter makes possible of working on two measurements and makes it possible to change parameters of AD7731. The measurement averaging method was used to stabilize the final result [1]. Several laboratory tests have been carried out that allow to determine real resolution, precision and nonlin-earity of converter. The presented tests have been used to determine usability designed voltage converter.
16
Content available remote The method of maintenance processes improvement in manufacturing enterprise
EN
The effectiveness of maintenance processes decides about competitiveness of whole manufacturing enterprise. In the article a new method of maintenance processes improving is presented. The method is based on the well known TPM methodology combined with data and cost analyses. The implementation of the method requires particular analyses of machine tools repair processes and computer systems for the production data registration such as MES and ERP. The machine tools operators and maintenance workers have to be intensively engaged in the project of implementation of the method and the economical analysis of implementation of the method should result with new motivation system for employers in production area of the enterprise. The presented method was implemented in two manufacturing enterprises.
PL
Efektywność procesów obsługi utrzymania ruchu decyduje o konkurencyjności całego przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono nową metodę poprawy procesów związanych z utrzymaniem ruchu przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego. Zaproponowana metoda opiera się na dobrze znanym podejściu TPM połączonym z analizą danych i kosztów. Wdrożenie tej metody wymaga szczegółowej analizy procesu naprawy maszyn i systemów informatycznych umożliwiających rejestrację danych takich jak MES i ERP. Operatorzy maszyn oraz pracownicy służby utrzymania ruchu muszą być bardzo zaangażowani w projekcie wdrożenia tej metody zaś przeprowadzenie analizy ekonomicznej powinno skutkować modyfikacją systemu motywacyjnego pracowników obszaru produkcji. Zaprezentowana metoda została wdrożona w dwóch przedsiębiorstwach produkcyjnych.
17
Content available remote Benchmarking methodology of ERP systems evaluation in manufacturing enterprises
EN
In the article benchmarking analyze of enterprises that implement ERP system is presented. Four similarly manufacturing companies is selected that complete make-to-order production and finished implementation of ERP (delivered by the same vendor) before 2004. The analysis is executed on the base of real data for different economical ratios and number of data generated in ERP systems. The research procedure is exactly described. Only some examples of particular analyses is presented to not exceed limited volume of the article. The proposed ratios can be changed for another set of enterprises. The further work will be focused on selection methodology of the retios for different classes of manufacturing enterprises.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę porównawczą wdrożenia systemów ERP w przedsiębiorstwach realizujących produkcję zleceniową. Analiza została przeprowadzona na rzeczywistych danych ze względu na wybrane kryteria oceny ekonomicznej oraz liczby danych generowanych w systemie ERP. Przedstawiono również procedurę przeprowadzenia analizy porównawczej oraz przykładowe wyniki badań. Szczegółowej analizie zostały poddane przedsiębiorstwa tylko ze względu na wybrane kryteria oceny ze względu na objętość niniejszego opracowania. Zaproponowane kryteria oceny porównawczej mogą ulec zmianie. Dalsze prace badawcze będą koncentrować się na doborze odpowiednich kryteriów oceny dla potrzeb określonych rodzajów przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych.
EN
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a computer-based information system for enterprise integration. ERP integrates information from all functional areas of enterprise to support management processes. The implementation of ERP is an expensive and time-consuming process but for contemporary enterprises it is a necessity. The effective enterprise management is impossible without on-line information about business processes executed in all functional areas. The ERP implementation involves a strategic decision that influences enterprise development for many years. Thus, ERP systems should evolve together with enterprises. The paper proposes a benchmarking methodology that enables evaluating the implementation of an ERP system in three manufacturing companies focused on make to-order production. The enterprises make small series or single prototype production. The research is based on benchmarking of the enterprises that implemented ERP systems in the past years. It involves comparison of the most important financial ratios and statistical data extracted from the ERP system. Results of data analysis are a basis for a proposed procedure of ERP evaluation. The procedure enables not only evaluating the ERP system implementation but also determining functional areas that require support, changing business processes or functionality of ERP. The proposed benchmarking methodology presents how much the ERP system is adapted to enterprise requirements. Examples presented are based on a case study of Polish enterprises.
19
Content available remote Knowledge management process based on innovation transfer in SMEs
EN
In this paper is shown knowledge management process based on innovation transfer - research's result. Basic on the research's result is the concept of the method of the assessment of knowledge management based on innovation transfer in SMEs proposed. It is presented the correlation between innovation transfer in SMEs and knowledge management efficiency in SMEs. In the further work the method will be checked on the basis of the SME experience in which the project innovation implementation has already been implemented.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano proces zarządzania wiedzą w ujęciu wdrożenia innowacji na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa Alfa. Uzyskano wyniki analizy badawczej, które stanowią podstawę do zbudowania uniwersalnej metody oceny efektywności zarządzania wiedzą w MSP, pozwalającej określić zależności procesu wdrożenia innowacji i procesu zarządzania wiedzą w przedsiębiorstwie. W dalszych pracach badawczych proponowana metoda oceny efektywności zarządzania wiedzą zostanie zweryfikowana na podstawie danych przedsiębiorstw sektora MSP, które wdrożyły rozwiązanie innowacyjne
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano nowe podejście do budowania i rozwoju procesu zarządzania wiedzą w przedsiębiorstwie sektora MSP. Zdefiniowano determinanty wdrożenia innowacji w przedsiębiorstwie. Pokazano, na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa sektora MSP, istotny wpływ wdrożenia innowacji na zbudowanie i rozwój procesu zarządzania wiedzą. W podsumowaniu pokazano kierunki dalszych prac mających na celu udowodnienie postawionej w artykule tezy na przykładzie doświadczeń polskich i zagranicznych podmiotów gospodarczych.
EN
In this paper is the new aspect of building and development of knowledge management process in SMEs presented. The parameters of innovation’s implementation and criteria of assessment of knowledge management are defined. Based on example of SMEs has been shown the most important correlation between innovation implementation and development of knowledge management process.
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