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Limitation of Manufacturing Defects of the Selected Product in the Glass Mill

Konopek Sonia, Zarębska Joanna, Żabińska Iwona

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 4, Iss. 1

453--464

EN

In the era of global market and internationalization of enterprises, an extremely important element influencing the competitiveness of companies is ensuring high quality of manufactured products, taking into account the requirements and expectations of buyers. At the moment when defects appear in the manufactured product, the production plant ceases to meet the expectations of customers. Not only is this related to the costs of production or complaints, but above all to the loss of credibility and good customer opinion. It is extremely important to identify and analyze the causes of this phenomenon as soon as possible, without allowing it to repeat itself. The problem of manufacturing defects becomes even more important when it poses a threat to the health or life of the customer. This also applies to products manufactured for the purposes of food protection. This article presents the results of the research that enabled the development of a method to reduce the production defects of a selected product in a glass factory. In order to achieve the goal, an analysis of the production process of the selected glass packaging was carried out, which allowed to identify defects and determine the causes and effects of their formation. Based on the presented research results, improvement measures have been proposed, consisting in developing a new organization of work in the area of quality control.

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Polish society towards the implementation of the circular economy and the change of municipal waste management - ecological, economic and social aspect

Zarębska Joanna, Zarębski Andrzej, Lewandowska Anna

Management

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2021

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Vol. 25, no. 2

91--112

EN

Circular economy (CE) is seen as a key strategy for achieving sustainable development (SD). One of the components of SD is sustainable production and consumption. Poland, as an EU member state, has for many years been trying to imitate the good practices of other countries in the field of sustainable production and consumption, and above all, in reducing the amount of waste generated. However, the country’s economic situation, pandemic, people’s mentality, habits and other ecological, economic and social factors mean that the pursuit of CE is very slow. The aim of the article is to present own research showing the level of recovery and recycling of municipal waste in Poland in comparison to the EU, and the level of preparation of Polish society for the implementation of CE. The survey method with open and closed questions was used in the research. Moreover, the observation of the market and the analysis of the literature on the subject allowed for drawing additional conclusions. Research shows that part of the society does not segregate waste despite the obligation and higher fees, does not believe in CE and, unfortunately, disposes of waste incorrectly. In addition, the differences between the repair/ refurbishment and the purchase of goods from discount stores, or second-hand goods are so slight that it is not profitable for the consumer to repair, regenerate used goods - from an economic point of view, it is better to buy a new one at "cheap“ shop.

PL

Gospodarka o obiegu zamkniętym (CE) jest postrzegana jako kluczowa strategia osiągnięcia zrównoważonego rozwoju (SD). Jedną ze składowych SD jest zrównoważona produkcja i konsumpcja. Polska jako kraj członkowski UE od wielu lat stara się naśladować dobre praktyki innych krajów w zakresie zrównoważonej produkcji i konsumpcji, a przede wszystkim zmniejszenia ilości wytwarzanych odpadów. Jednak sytuacja gospodarcza kraju, pandemia, mentalność ludzi, przyzwyczajenia i inne czynniki ekologiczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne powodują, że dążenie do CE następuje bardzo powoli. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie badań własnych ukazujących poziom odzysku i recyklingu odpadów komunalnych w Polsce na tle UE, oraz stopień przygotowania polskiego społeczeństwa do wdrożenia CE. W badaniu wykorzystano metodę ankietową z pytaniami zamkniętymi i otwartymi. Ponadto obserwacja rynku i analiza literatury przedmiotu pozwoliły na wyciągniecie dodatkowych wniosków. Z badań wynika, że część społeczeństwa nie segreguje odpadów pomimo obowiązku i większych opłat, nie wierzy w CE i niestety pozbywa się odpadów w sposób nieprawidłowy. Ponadto różnice pomiędzy naprawą/odnowieniem a zakupem towarów ze sklepów dyskontowych, lub towarów z “drugiej ręki” są tak niewielkie, że konsumentowi nie opłaca się naprawiać, regenerować zużytych towarów – z ekonomicznego punktu widzenia lepiej kupić nowy w “tanim” sklepie.

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Changes in waste packaging management and implementation to achieve a circular economy - Polish case study

Zarębska Joanna, Lewicka Berenika

Acta Innovations

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2020

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no. 34

50--57

EN

Currently, within the European Union, the importance of resource efficiency is being highlighted. The issue has been well established within the Europe 2020 strategy and above all within the concept Towards a circular economy: zero waste for Europe'. Using the example of Poland, the authors show changes that have occurred in the management of packaging waste after Poland joined the EU. The data of the Central Statistical Office concerning both municipal and packaging waste allowed to determine changes in waste management and to address them, and the literature on the subject indicates gaps as well as barriers in this area. Building a circular economy (CE) for both packaging goods and waste from packaging in Poland not only requires increasing the involvement of enterprises but also the need for Polish society to be willing to embrace the objectives of the concept of "Zero Waste for Europe" in the European Union.

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Eco-innovations in Poland - the extent of changes, development and barriers

Zarębska Joanna, Żabińska Iwona, Zarębski Andrzej

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2019

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z. 135

245--256

EN

Competitiveness and innovation are indicators of the strength of the circular economy (CE). Eco-innovations are highly important because they lead to the reduction of energy consumption and to lowered CO2 emissions. They also contribute to effective waste management and the use of materials that are less polluting or dangerous to the environment. These investments will increase Europe's economic competitiveness through environmental protection, the creation of new jobs and the promotion of entrepreneurship. The article indicates the scope and directions of changes in the implementation of eco-innovations in Poland and the obstacles that slow down the process of their activation. The presented ecological innovations were divided into: process, product, organizational and marketing. The data analysis was based on reports from the European Union (Eurostat), the Central Statistical Office (Polish: GUS) and the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (Polish: PARP). In the summary, attention was drawn to the biggest barriers to the putting into place eco-innovations. Among these are the lack of financial resources, too high costs of eco-innovation implementation, legal obstacles and bureaucracy. The benefits for the environment are obvious, but investment costs often outweigh the financial possibilities of manufacturing or service, and, therefore, they are a factor slowing down the introduction of CE in Poland.

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Assessment of the changes in the economy of municipal waste in Poland after 2004

Zarębska Joanna, Żabińska Iwona, Cierna Helena, Sujova Erika

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

55--61

EN

The aim of European Union policy is to implement the principles of sustainable development, in which particularly important are: environmental protection and rational management of resources. Major role is given to waste management and appropriate prioritization of activities in this area. The main goal of waste management is prevention, minimization and elimination of wastes "at source", as well as encouraging efficient use of natural resources through recovery and recycling of waste. Storage process should be minimalized over the years until the complete elimination. As shown by statistics data, unfortunately in Poland, the process is very slow. The analysis of the data provided by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) over the last thirteen years shows a significant increase in the level of recovery and recycling of municipal waste. All together it was 11.654 million Mg of municipal waste collected in 2016. Wastes selected from municipal waste (paper, glass, plastics, metals) accounted for only 25.2% (2.942 million Mg), and mixed waste accounted for 74.8% (8.712 million Mg). In 2016 the recycling rate was 27.83%, composting or fermentation – 16.22%, 19.44% of municipal wastes are subjected thermal transformation and the storage level is 36.51%. Landfilling is still the most common form of municipal waste disposal.