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1

Investigating snowplow-related injury severity along mountainous roadway in Wyoming

Haq Muhammad Tahmidul, Reza Imran, Ksaibati Khaled

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2023

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Vol. 8, No. 1

73--88

EN

Snow removal and deicing using snowplow trucks assist transportation agencies to enhance roadway safety and mobility. However, due to slower travel speeds during these operations, motorists often end up in crashes for poor visibility and disturbance of the snow. Despite the risk associated with snowplows, no previous study was found that exclusively investigate the factors associated with injury severity in snowplow-involved crashes. Therefore, this paper presents an extensive exploratory analysis and fills this knowledge gap by identifying the significant contributing factors affecting the occupant injury severity from the aspects of crashes with snowplow involvement. The study utilized eleven years (2010-2020) of historical snowplow-related crash data from Wyoming. Both the binary logit model and mixed binary logit model were developed to investigate the impacts of the various occupant, vehicle, crash, roadway, and environmental characteristics on the corresponding occupant injury severity. As one of the important findings from this research concludes that other vehicle drivers are more responsible than snowplow drivers contributing to more severe injuries in crashes involving snowplows. Recommendations suggested based on the modeling results are expected to help transportation agencies and policymakers take necessary actions in reducing snowplow-involved crashes by targeting appropriate strategies and proper resource allocation.

2

Factors of the capital structure of maritime sector companies for increasing business value - theoretical approach

Puleikiene Kristina, Svazas Mantas

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2023

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Vol. 8, No. 1

53--62

EN

The global world and individual countries, which are influenced by the economic, financial crises, and pandemics that occur in one way or another, have a major impact on business and its performance. Declining consumption, disrupted settlements, limited or unavailable sources of finance, and other economic and financial reasons may cause business failures. Efficient and rational financial management is crucial for companies to survive and operate successfully under various conditions of the economic cycle, especially in times of crisis. It can be argued that, under modern conditions of market economy, making economically sound decisions about the structure of funding sources is one of the most important tasks for business companies, since the formation of a capital structure establishes the company's ability to maximise its return, manage risks effectively, and operate successfully in a competitive environment to meet the needs of a wide range of stakeholders. The maritime sector is strategically important and economically significant for any country. Companies in this sector make a significant socio-economic contribution across the entire state. When forming the capital structure in the maritime sector companies, certain exceptions are encountered since the operation of these companies requires a large amount of borrowed capital. Increasing the business value of maritime sector companies has a positive meaning nationally and internationally.

3

Halting climate change by achieving net-zero CO2 emissions with circular and renewable energy sources

Staszewski Tomasz

Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych

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2023

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Nr 1

61--69

EN

This study analyses the role of the circular economy (CE) and renewable energy sources (RES) in bringing human activity to a climate-neutral state. At the same time, it was pointed out that achieving this neutrality allows to achieve a net-zero level of CO2 emissions, as well as significantly reduces the emission of other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In order to more fully illustrate the issue of climate change inhibition adopted for analysis in this article, the basic concepts, characteristics of the essence of circular economy and individual types of RES were defined, and it was also shown that the use of these methods in broadly understood human activity is necessary to achieve zero net CO2 emissions, which creates opportunities to stop "extreme climate madness". The purpose of this article is to present the role of circular economy and renewable energy sources in achieving climate neutrality of human activity, as well as the influence of Putin's imperial policy on the course of this process.

4

Zrównoważony rozwój zabezpieczeniem przyszłości

Milanowska Agata

Zieleń Miejska

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2022

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Nr 1

43--45

PL

Miasta i obszary miejskie zajmują ponad 2% powierzchni Ziemi i odpowiadają za ok. 80% emitowanych gazów cieplarnianych. Zużywają przy tym prawie 75% zasobów przyrody. Badania przeprowadzone przez wiodące na świecie organy i instytucje zajmujące się ochroną środowiska wykazały, że Singapur jest jednym z najbardziej zrównoważonych ekologicznie krajów, a zrównoważony rozwój jest integralną częścią jego historii.

5

Saving Energy – a Smart, Ecological and Necessary Trend

Orłowska Magdalena

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2022

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Tom 24

472--480

EN

The article discusses selected ways of saving energy. It is a review material on the problems of humanity and industry in terms of energy consumption of machines, and devices as well as principles and actions aimed at improving and protecting the environment and the Earth – as our planet. Energy efficiency, which should go hand in hand with energy saving, was also mentioned. A prognosis for the coming years and new ways of labelling devices were presented. In addition, the issue of greenhouse gases and their emissions into the atmosphere was also raised.

6

Numerical Analysis of Convective Heat Transfer for Selected Geometric System

Orłowska Magdalena

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2022

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Tom 24

163--171

EN

The contemporary problems and issues of environmental protection refer to a large extent to problems related – generally speaking – to energy. Currently, the production processes mainly concern the combustion of energy fuels, transport – over long distances, and their use for utility purposes, e.g. engine drive or heating. These processes significantly negatively impact the environment and are magnified by their enormous intensity and size. While energy production and transport processes have been studied for many years, and their results are widely published, the issues related to the application and operation of heating devices are little known and require much observation and research. The operating indicators of heating devices are generally characterized by low values (natural convection), and their artificial increase (intensity) cannot be used due to the acoustic effects and additional (significant) investment costs. The article presents some research results on the intensification of heat flow – i.e. the thermal efficiency of flat heaters placed in a room with a specific temperature. Physical phenomena were investigated numerically by shaping the heat exchange space. The tested systems concerned a room with a free-standing heater, a heater with a vertical panel mounted in parallel, and a system with a curved bottom plate forming the so-called de Laval nozzle. Interesting results of air velocity and temperature fields and values of the heat transfer coefficient along the height of the heater were obtained. Based on the presented research, it can be concluded that the creation of convection surfaces around the heater is advisable because it affects the intensity of heat exchange, which can be increased without energy-intensive energy expenditure, i.e. in a non-mechanical way. Undoubtedly contributes positively to investment and operating costs, which is essential in environmental protection issues.

7

Negative Environmental Impacts of Production Technologies

Besta Petr, Janovská Kamila, Martínek Zdeněk, Švecová Eva, Drastich Adam

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2022

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Tom 24

307--325

EN

The current market environment is affected by several fundamental changes. A large number of these affect manufacturing companies the most. They are forced to continuously reduce their costs, improve the quality of service to their customers and adapt to a highly competitive environment. However, environmental requirements for production processes have become increasingly important in recent years. These are underpinned by legislative changes that put enormous pressure on manufacturers. Often, environmental requirements can also determine the economic success of a manufacturer. The areas that have a significant environmental impact include metallurgical technologies. These are currently predominantly based on the use of coke, which is produced from high-quality hard coal. The mining of raw materials also has significant environmental impacts. The article deals with analysing downstream production processes regarding their environmental impact. These are the areas of mining, ore processing and iron and steel production. These areas can be seen as downstream production stages. Iron ore processing and iron and steel production often occur within a single production organisation. Therefore, a possible overall optimisation in handling environmental impacts and treating pollutants can be assumed. The secondary objective of the paper is to analytically assess the potential reuse of the produced waste in production processes. The article is based on the research results carried out in a selected metallurgical enterprise in the Czech Republic.

8

Uwarunkowania stratygraficzno-środowiskowe występowania nagromadzeń złożowych bursztynu na północnej Lubelszczyźnie

Słodkowska Barbara, Kasiński Jacek Robert, Żarski Marcin

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 1

50--60

EN

In the northern Lublin region, the Eocene amber-bearing association has been recognized. It is a group of clastic deposits in which amber crumbs are scattered, and the characteristic feature of the association is the content of glauconite. The sedimentological and lithofacies studies allowed determining the conditions necessary for amber deposition. Accumulation of amber-bearing sediments took place in the Middle and Late Eocene. The Upper Eocene formations in this area occur in isolated patches. Amber accumulations are found in marine sediments associated with regressive facies, usually in depressions of the Cretaceous basement. Understanding the correct distribution of amber in the sediment and determining the dynamics of the Eocene sedimentary basin in the Lublin region have a practical aspect, and are the basis for developing the characteristics of the geological economic conditions for the occurrence of amber-bearing deposits. The recently drilled boreholes confirmed amber resource prospectivity in the Lubartów area and the recognition of new deposits with amber reserves.

9

Storytelling for Behavior Change: Use of Folktales for Promoting Sustainable Behaviors

Mitra Soumita, Sameer Ahmed

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2022

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Vol. 17, nr 2

243--247

EN

Our Earth has been entangled in different adverse effects resulting from the excessive human interference into the territory of nature. The habit of extracting and consuming indiscriminately is moving them to a situation, where their own future generation would not be able receive benefits of the natural resources. It has also been recognized that human action is perhaps the most significant contributor to this. And therefore, a proper equilibrium, i.e., sustainable development, could only be achieved by bringing about a change in human behavior in general. We explore the possibility of using indigenous knowledge for encouraging sustainable behaviors. We propose a model for behavior change through storytelling by using folktales. We argue that folktales serve three functions – epistemic, motivational, and ethical – which make them potent tools for promoting sustainable behavior. We conclude by pointing out limitations and suggestion for future research.

10

Corporate social responsibility as a modern concept of organization development

Pawłowska Elżbieta, Michalska Marta

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2022

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nr 1

91-112

EN

Introduction/background: Currently in Poland, it is becoming increasingly popular to implement activities related to social responsibility in organizations. Companies have begun to pay more and more attention to such issues as building relationships with the environment, as well as widely understood social interest or environmental protection has become important. Aim of the paper: The purpose of the article is to indicate the role of social responsibility and its relationship to the development of the organization using a selected example. Materials and methods: The study used the case-study method using a survey questionnaire tool. Results and conclusions: Based on the survey, it can be concluded that the employees of the surveyed enterprise have a positive view of social responsibility activities. The organization should focus on a strategy based on investing in solutions to improve the quality of life of employees, the local community, and strive to offset the negative impact on the environment.

11

Skeletal deformities in Barbus xanthos (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) collected from the Dalaman River in southwestern Turkey

Jawad Laith, Güçlü Salim Serkan

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2022

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Vol. 51, No. 2

203--211

EN

In this study, skeletal anomalies such as vertebral centra deformation, lordosis (ventral curvature), and consecutive repetition of lordosis and kyphosis were examined in specimens of Barbus xanthos (Güçlü, Kalaycı, Küçük & Turan, 2020) collected from the Dalaman River, southwestern Turkey. Abnormalities of the vertebral column were observed in both thoracic and caudal vertebrae. Cases of lordosis and consecutive repetition of lordosis and kyphosis showed varying degrees of severity. Specimens with consecutive repetition of lordosis showed the most acute deformities among the cases studied, as they revealed complicated incidences of skeletal anomalies. None of the cases were fatal as they occurred in adult individuals. This study discusses the possible causes of such deformities and the usefulness of this type of study in environmental monitoring.

12

Wpływ zmian klimatu na bezpieczeństwo ludności cywilnej

Stochaj Justyna

Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania

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2022

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T. 17, nr 2

59--68

PL

Artykuł poświęcony został przedstawieniu wpływu zmian klimatu na bezpieczeństwo ludności cywilnej. Podzielony został na trzy główne części. Pierwsza poświęcona została zagadnieniu związku występującego pomiędzy człowiekiem, a środowiskiem. W drugiej zaprezentowano wybrane przyczyny zmian klimatu. W trzeciej zaś zawarto wybrane skutki zmian klimatu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich wpływu na bezpieczeństwo człowieka.

EN

The paper is devoted to the presentation of the impact of climate change on the safety of civilians. It has been divided into three main parts. The first one is devoted to the issue of the relationship occurring between man and the environment. The second one presents selected causes of climate change. The third one includes selected effects of climate change, with particular emphasis on their impact on human safety.

13

Badania emisji hałasu do środowiska przez pracujące urządzenia wiertnicze zgodnie z wymaganiami PN i UE

Buczek Janusz, Balawajder Zbigniew, Kwilosz Tadeusz

Nafta-Gaz

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2022

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R. 78, nr 10

752--759

PL

Wierceniu otworów w górnictwie naftowym towarzyszy emisja hałasu wytwarzanego przez urządzenia wiertnicze. Proces wykonywania otworu wiertniczego, na który składają się operacje wiercenia, zapuszczania i wyciągania kolumny przewodu wiertniczego oraz prace pomocnicze podzespołów urządzenia wiertniczego, pomp płuczkowych, agregatów prądotwórczych i urządzeń pomocniczych, wywiera znaczny wpływ na kształtowanie się poziomu hałasu w otoczeniu wiertni. W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia dotyczące hałasu w środowisku wiertni oraz rozkład poziomu hałasu w środowisku otaczającym urządzenie wiertnicze. Wykonano pilotowe badania hałasu podczas pracy urządzenia wiertniczego typu Bentec EURO RIG 450 na wiertni X. Wyniki pomiarów przedstawiono w tabelach oraz na mapie rozkładu poziomu hałasu w otoczeniu wiertni. Do badań użyto zestawu aparatury pomiarowej posiadającej aktualne świadectwa wzorcowania. Pomiary wykonano według odpowiednich procedur w czterech kierunkach co 90° w odległości 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 400 m oraz w sąsiedztwie budynków mieszkalnych. Do generowania przestrzennych rozkładów poziomu hałasu użyto metod geostatycznej analizy danych. Zastosowano metodę krigingu bazującego na wartościach zmierzonych w punktach pomiarowych oraz parametrach przestrzennego rozkładu takich jak korelacja i wariancja. Mając wygenerowaną mapę rozkładu poziomu hałasu w postaci wartości na siatce modelu, można dokonać kwalifikacji punktów siatki, w których poziom hałasu jest dopuszczalny lub przekroczony. Jakość wykonywanych pomiarów na urządzeniu wiertniczym w czasie operacji wiertniczych ma decydujące znaczenie dla analizy zagrożeń hałasem. Opracowano program obliczeniowy pozwalający na szybką analizę wprowadzonych danych. Arkusz pozwala w prosty i szybki sposób wyliczyć podstawowe parametry oceny hałasu oraz oszacowania niepewności uzyskanych wyników. Wszystkie formuły zastosowane w algorytmach makra obliczeniowego arkusza są zgodne z aktualnie obowiązującymi normami. Biorąc pod uwagę postęp techniczny i zastosowanie środków zmniejszających hałas w projektowaniu urządzeń wiertniczych, zagrożenia wynikające z emisji hałasu powinny być zmniejszane, w szczególności u źródła.

EN

Drilling of hydrocarbon wells is accompanied by emission of noise created by drilling rig. The process of making a well consists of drilling operations, drilling pipe trips and auxiliary activity of drilling rig subassemblies, mud pumps, electric power generators and other equipment which has significant impact on noise in the drilling rig environment. This publication presents noise issues in the drilling rig environment and the noise level distribution in the environment around the rig. Pilot noise measurements were performed during operation of the Bentec Euro Rig-450 at the X drilling site. Measurement results were shown in tables and in the noise distribution map of the terrain surrounding the well. Measurements were performed using a set of measuring instruments with current calibration certificates and according to appropriate procedures in four directions every 90° at a distance of 50, 100, 200, 400 m and in the vicinity of residential buildings. Geostatic data analysis method was used to generate spatial distributions of noise levels. A kriging method based on the values measured at measurement points and spatial distribution parameters such as correlation and variance were used. With the noise level distribution map generated in the form of values on the model grid, the grid points may be qualified as points with acceptable or excessive noise. The quality of measurements performed on the drilling rig during drilling operations is of significant importance for the analysis of noise hazards. A spreadsheet was created to allow quick analysis of the entered data. This sheet allows for quick and easy calculation of the basic parameters of noise assessment and to estimate the uncertainty of the obtained results. All formulas used in the spreadsheet macro algorithms are compliant with the currently applicable standards. Taking into account technical progress and the application of noise reducing measures in the design stage of drilling rigs, the risks resulting from noise emissions should be reduced, in particular at its source.

14

The Impact of the Enterprise Management System on the Energy Efficiency of Auxiliary Processes

Grudzień Łukasz, Osiński Filip

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2022

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Vol. 13, No. 1

3--8

EN

The consumption of various forms of primary and secondary energy is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. Also, the increase in the prices of energy resources is an important factor affecting the economic profitability of running a business organization. Legal requirements in the European Union also affect the need to implement appropriate solutions aimed at increasing energy efficiency, which translates into the need of implementing Energy Management Systems, based the ISO 50001 standard, in many enterprises.. In the case study presented in the article, which is based on a company from the energy industry in Poland, the most important Energy Performance Indexes and the impact of the quality of their information on the results obtained were reviewed. In the analyzed example, the main process used only 28% of the total energy consumption in the organization. Insufficient attention to auxiliary processes led to an undercut of Energy Performance by nearly 11% in the first year of operation. It is partic-ularly important to properly collect data on auxiliary processes, which are very often omitted or treated in general in companies, and as shown may constitute a significant share in the total amount of energy consumed.

15

Improved methodology for monitoring the impact of mining activities on socio-economic conditions of local communities

Pandey Binay Prakash, Mishra Devi Prasad

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2022

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Vol. 21, iss. 1

65--79

EN

Mining activities can cause tangible socio-economic improvements in the surrounding regions. Such potential has not been fully realized, owing to the fact that the socio-economic impact assessment processes exercised in India merely predict the footprint of industrial activity on the surrounding population. Consequently, project proponents are mandated to implement a management plan in cases of foreseeable negative consequences. However, both, the assessment study, as well as the process of implementation of a management plan, are riddled with significant gaps and limitations. Primary data collected for this research makes it apparent that, in comparison to the revenue generated from the mining activities, the pace of development of the mine-affected areas and the socio-economic conditions of those residing in these areas are disproportional. Moreover, the current assessment process was found to be lacking in data and analysis. In this context, this paper recommends the usage of state-of-the-art technologies, including unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or drone technology, for accurate assessment as well as real-time monitoring of the socio-economic impact of mining operations. The overall objective is to improve the perception of the general population towards the mining industry.

16

Soil Pollution Factors Affecting the Quality of Crops (Solanum Tuberosum L.)

Dreshaj Adem, Millaku Bedri, Shala Abazi Albona, Gashi Arian

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 3

109--115

EN

The circulation of heavy metals in nature is characterized by high toxicity. However, the effects depend on the amount of toxic, the form of exposure to toxicity, the types of species exposed, age, sex, genetics and nutritional status, and on the consequences in ecosystems. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the environmental situation in some regions has deteriorated even more due to poor monitoring by state institutions. The challenges that await us in the future are complex and hence we risk not knowing how to meet the future challenges. The situation with toxicity and pollution is complicated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which for the first time in this century has turned into a global pandemic. Although we were not prepared to cope with this pandemic, still we succeeded to manage it better than the previous pandemics. High concentrations of heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, and nickel are among the metals that are dangerous for the public health of citizens. Metallic elements are characterized by toxic effects, especially with the consumption of food products. High concentrations cause great damage to human and animal organs but sometimes even small concentrations of it can have harmful effects. The increase in toxic concentration has affected industrial development, poor waste management, the release of toxic gases from industrial activities, as well as use of pesticides and herbicides in agriculture. High toxicity causes health damage, e.g. resulting from human exposure to metal toxicity and the use of contaminated foods. The heavy metals present in the environment such as Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Se, Zn, Co, Cr, are essential nutrients required for various biochemical and physiological functions.

17

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Medical Solid Waste Leachate: Case of the Hospital de l'Amitié of Nouakchott, Mauritania

Ammar Mohamed Bouna, Dick Brahim Ahmed, Sidi Yahya Maham Ould, Dieh H., Mohamed L. S., Lemine Y. M., Sadegh Vadly, Fekhaoui Mohamed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 8

181--186

EN

At the Hospital de l'Amitié, hospital waste corresponds to a mixture of waste assimilated to household waste and the waste from healthcare activities with infectious risks. In the context of hospital hygiene, the conducted study focuses on the impact of this hospital waste on the people of the Hospital de l'Amitié and the environment, and their handling of hospital waste (collection and transport). From an environmental point of view, the physico-chemical characterization of the leachate leaving submerged waste in three media (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water) show high concentrations for most of the parameters studied. Physico-chemical characterization of solid waste from Hospital de l'Amitié in Nouakchott (Mauritania) was carried out from September to December 2020. The objective was to determine the value of 14 parameters (pH, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, COD, BOD5, COD/BOD5, BOD5/COD, SS/BOD5, SS, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate and phosphorus), and improve the treatment method for this solid waste by immersing it in three different mediums (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water). Among the 14 parameters, seven exceeded the Moroccan and WHO standards for medium 1, 2 and 3 respectively, conductivity (5340.00 μs/cm, 5820.00 μs/cm and 3550.00 μs/cm), BOD5 (122.00 mg/L, 106.00 mg/L and 142.00 mg/L), BOD5/COD (2.30, 1.93 and 2.88), SS (1000.00 mg/L, 600.00 mg/L and 600.00 mg/L), nitrite (0.91 mg/L, 25.00 mg/L and 45.00 mg/L), nitrate (210.00 mg/L, 200.00 mg/L and 110.00 mg/L) and sulfate (1000.00 mg/L, 2000.00 mg/L and 1000.00 mg/L). These results indicate the existence of toxic substances in these leachates that may impact the environment. In addition, the study proposes solid waste treatment from the Hospital de l'Amitié in Nouakchott (Mauritania) before its discharge into the natural environment. This observation is consolidated by the analyses carried out on the leachate of the waste immersed in three aqueous media (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water).

18

Influence of Lead-Zinc Slags of the Shymkent City on the Environment

Salim Yerbol, Issayeva Akmaral, Kidirbayeva K., Zhumadulayeva A., Dossybayeva G., Bozhbanbaeva N., Ashirbayeva S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 7

83--89

EN

Due to the rapid pace of urbanization, the lead-zinc slags previously located outside the settlement turned out to be within the city of Shymkent and began to pose a serious threat to the environment. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of lead-zinc slags on the environment of Shymkent. It has been revealed that the fields of ruderal plant species are inversely correlated with the lead content in the soil, for phyto-indication of the state of soils, the most informative indicators are the phytocenotic composition and the projective covering of soils with vegetation. At the same time, the proportion of annual species in the control is 53.5 ± 5.6%; with an increase in the toxic load, their role gradually weakens, reaching from 14496.0 ± 105.1 mg/kg Pb2+ to 5.2 ± 0.4%. It was found that Dodartia orientalis, Centaurea squarrosa Willd., Plantago lancetofolium are hyperaccumulators of lead ions, while electron microscopic images showed that lead ions accumulate in the intercellular space of plants, forming significant conglomerates of 10–75 nm. The negative influence of lead-zinc waste has been established, which leads to the accumulation of lead in the blood of children and, as a consequence, is the cause of various diseases. The maximum lead content in the amount of 103 micrograms / dl was found in the blood of children in the area of the city, located 800–1000 m from the slag storage site. Developing hypochromic anemia in children indicates its toxic origin. It was revealed that 90% of children have such pathologies as biliary dyskinesia, dental caries, small anomalies of heart development.

19

Evaluation of a Wetland Constructed with Typha domingensis Pers., for the Recovery of Contaminated Water from Hospital Effluents

Peralta Inocencia, Cardozo César, Nakayama Héctor, Ávalos Claudia, Benítez Gilberto, Elkhalili Ryad, Ayala José, Arenas Rossana, Samudio-Oggero Antonio

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 9

136--145

EN

The objective of this research project was to evaluate the implementation of a phytoremediation system for the effluents generated by the National Cancer Institute (INCAN), Central Department, Paraguay to contribute to the management of the liquid waste that it generates. The system consisted of a set of three pools, in which were made up of floating Typha domingensis Pers plants, at an approximate density of 10 plants per m2, all the roots formed a filter, which was in direct contact with the effluent. The effluent was of continuous flow; the flows of entry and exit were regulated according to the generation of liquid waste by INCAN. There were 5 measurements made with an interval of 7 days for each measurement, at a point of entry and exit of the effluent, to determine the system. The parameters evaluated were: BOD5, COD, NTK, PT, pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and fecal coliforms. The results showed a considerable reduction of the pollutants generated for all the parameters evaluated, obtaining an efficiency of 67.9 to 92.4% in the evaluated parameters, indicating that it is very feasible to implement this type of systems for phytodepuration of liquid waste.

20

Ecological and Radiation Assessment of the State of Drilling Waste and their Disposal Products on the Example of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra

Okmyanskaya Valentina M., Bogdanova Olga V.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 4

173--180

EN

The development of the infrastructure of the oil and gas complex is one of the most significant factors of negative impact on the environment. The most efficient way to drill wells is cluster drilling, which currently accounts for 95% of all operations carried out in fields. In the process of oil and oil products production, toxic drilling waste is generated at the well pad, which is then placed in sludge pits (sludge storage). The aim of the study was to select the methods for drilling waste utilization based on the results of environmental radiation analysis. Within the framework of the study, the following tasks were solved: radiation monitoring of drilling waste was carried out at the “Progress-2000” spectrometric complex; analyzed the physical and chemical composition of drill cuttings; a comparative analysis of the samples under study was carried out in accordance with the normative indicators; methods of utilization of drilling waste are proposed.