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1

A long-term study of carex vesicaria and phalaris arundinacea population dynamics in permanent plots

Odland Arvid

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 2-3

49--57

EN

It is well known that the population structure of plants in permanent plots change from year to year. Species abundances probably shift with time due to both species biology and variation in environmental factors. The main purpose of the study has been to describe and analyse long-term variation in the abundance (coverage) of blister sedge Carex vesicaria and reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea in relation to time and space after a permanent lowering of a lake water level and exposition of new areas for species colonization. The study area lies in outer edge of a freshwater fluvial delta in the northern part of the Myrkdalen lake (229 m a.s.l.) West Norway, which was exposed after a permanent 1.4 m lowering of the summer water level in 1987. A 40 m long transect with ten 0.5 m × 4 m plot was established on the lower parts of the exposed delta in 1987. Study plots were situated at mean heights between 13 and 92 cm above the new summer water level. Floristic composition of the plots was monitored and analysed from 1988 to 2020, a total of 19 times. The plants show major differences in establishment, growth, and long-time dynamics in the permanent plots. The coverage of C. vesicaria and P. arundinacea was highly variable over the study period. Variations in coverage were related to time using regression analyses. The trends were mostly best described by cubic functions. Both species showed relatively low coverages between 18 and 26 years after the lake water drawdown, but increased again over the last study periods. Maximum coverage of the species was in time gradually separated by elevation. C. vesicaria became dominant in plots less than ca. 50 cm above the mean summer water, and P. arundinacea reached higher coverage above that elevation. The study indicates that elevation, as a proxy for flooding duration, and not aboveground species competition was the main factor for this difference in distribution.

2

Application of SIMATIC S7-1200 controllers for the water level control system in water reservoirs

Kieczmerski Paweł, Rogowski Krzysztof

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 10

23--27

EN

The article describes the implementation process of the automatic control system controlling the water level in water reservoirs. The control plant, which is a laboratory model RT-010 by GUNT Hamburg, was described as well as the method of obtaining a parametric mathematical model for simulation purposes. Next, based on the obtained numerical and experimental results, an automatic control system was made consisted of two SIMATIC S7-1200 controllers, the HMI Comfort TP700 panel and SCALANCE X208 communication module. The parametric model was verified in MATLAB/Simulink, while the TIA Portal software was used to test automatic control system.

PL

W artykule opisano proces syntezy układu regulacji automatycznej poziomu wody w zbiorniku wodnym. Obiektem regulacji był model laboratoryjny RT-010 produkcji GUNT Hamburg składający się z dwóch zbiorników wodnych. Analiza obejmowała stworzenie modelu parametrycznego badanego obiektu, syntezę układu automatycznej regulacji w oparciu o dwa sterowniki SIMATIC S7-1200 oraz panel dotykowy HMI Comfort TP700 i moduł komunikacyjny SCALANCE X208. Na podstawie stworzonego modelu obiektu dobrano nastawy regulatora PID oraz zweryfikowano eksperymentalnie poprawność działania układu oraz jakość regulacji.

3

Vascular plant succession on an exposed fluvial delta plain after a permanent lake water level drawdown : a 33-year time course

Odland Arvid

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 2-3

79--88

EN

A permanent lake water level drawdown initiates a vegetation succession on exposed sediments. This study aims to quantify long-term vascular plant changes on the sediments in time (number of years after drawdown) and space (elevation above the new water level). Shortly after a 1.4 m permanent drawdown of Myrkdalen lake, W Norway, a 40 m long transect running from the original lowermost vegetation toward the new water level was established. Species cover percentages in the 2 m2 study plots were determined by visual estimates and data sampling was performed from 1988 until 2020; in total, 19 times. During the study period both mean richness and plant percentage cover varied significantly in relation to space and time. Carex vesicaria and Phalaris arundinacea increased gradually especially in the lower parts. The successional changes as quantified by a DCA ordination showed rapid changes during the first 15-20 years, but later the vegetation appeared to be more stabilized. Elevation explained the mean floristic variation in a linear fashion while a quadratic model better explained the variation in relation to time. Variation in summer and June water level explained a small part of the succession change during the study period.

4

Seismic activity and flooding of hard coal mines in the Ostrava-Karvina Coalfield

Konicek Petr, Jirankova Eva, Kajzar Vlastimil, Schreiber Jan, Malucha Pavel, Schuchova Kristyna

Journal of Sustainable Mining

|

2022

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Vol. 21, iss. 4

249--260

EN

The termination of mining activities often results in post-mining problems and risks. One of these issues is the flooding of mines. Long-term mining in the Ostrava and Petrvald sub-basins in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin finished in 1994. Tens of coal seams were mined here, and the depth of mining reached more than 1000 m below the surface. Flooding of the Ostrava sub-basin started in 1994. The Ostrava and Petrvald sub-basins were flooded from one half only to prevent water from flooding into the Karvina sub-basin, where mining continued. The continual pumping of water has been carried out ever since. Only low-energy seismic events (up to 103 J) were recorded during the periods of flooding and water pumping. Only one high-energy seismic event was recorded here (108 J, magnitude of 3.5, 12 December 2017). This study presents the natural and mining conditions regarding the process of mine flooding; and the induced seismicity registered during the flooding of mines and the preservation of water at the stated level. Analysis of the flooding of mines in connection to the registered seismicity is presented. Probable reasons for the low seismic activity during the flooding of mines are also discussed.

5

Stan wody jako czynnik generujący zakłócenia wpływające negatywnie na realizację procesów budowlanych

Stanulewicz Joanna

Przegląd Budowlany

|

2021

|

R. 92, nr 1

34--37

PL

Zakłócenia występujące podczas realizacji procesów budowlanych, gdzie głównym czynnikiem zakłócającym jest czynnik hydrologiczny są bardzo trudne do przewidzenia. Na przykładzie budowy Trasy Mostu Północnego w Warszawie kluczowym czynnikiem zakłócającym był wyjątkowo wysoki stan wody rzeki Wisły. W artykule zostanie wyjaśnione, czy zakłócenia, które pojawiły się w trakcie realizacji inwestycji, były możliwe do przewidzenia lub/i w jaki sposób można byłoby ograniczyć ich negatywny wpływ tak, by nie powodowały wydłużenia czasu realizacji oraz nie tworzyły dodatkowych kosztów inwestycji. Dokonany zostanie podział działań umożliwiających ograniczenie wpływu zakłóceń na realizację procesów budowlanych na etapie projektowania oraz realizacji inwestycji poprzez wprowadzenie elastyczności.

EN

Disturbances occurring during construction processes where the main disturbing factor is the hydrological factor are very difficult to predict. In the example of the construction of the North Bridge Route in Warsaw, the extremely high water level of the Vistula River was the key disturbing factor. The article will explain whether the disruptions that occurred during the implementation of the investment were foreseeable and/or how could their negative impact be limited, so that they did not extend the implementation time and did not create additional investment costs. Actions will be divided to limit the impact of disruptions on the implementation of construction processes at the design and implementation stage of the investment by introducing flexibility.

6

Water level trends in the ponds of Siemianice Experimental Forest Farm

Stasik Rafał, Kęsicka Barbara, Korytowski Mariusz

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

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no. 47

169--175

EN

The results of a long-term water level monitoring in three forest ponds are presented in the paper. The ponds are located in the Wielisławice and Laski forest districts in South Wielkopolska, Poland. Two of the analysed ponds are natural ones supplied by precipitation and the third now is disused artificial fishpond of throughflow water management. Systematic water level measurements, as well as measurement of basic meteorological conditions – precipitation and air temperature – were carried out in the 2000–2016 hydrological period. The basic statistics as well as the trends in long-time changes in water levels, were determined using the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test were calculated. The results obtained were statistically inconclusive, but they indicated downward trends in water levels in the natural ponds and upward trends in water levels in the artificial pond. Although a statistically significant downward trend was observed in only one natural pond, it may suggest some negative changes occurring in the catchment of ponds in general.

7

The effect of barrier on the hydraulic response of composite weir-gate structure

Quasim Rafi M., Abdulhussein Ihsan A., Al-Asadi Khalid

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 66, nr 4

97--118

EN

The composite weir-gate structure is considered an important hydraulic structure. This is because of its widely used in civil engineering hydraulic works especially in an irrigation system to measure, control, divert and keep the required water level. This study focuses on the influence of barrier existence on the hydraulic parameters that described the hydraulic characteristics of composite weir-gate hydraulic structure. In this study, several experimental runs were conducted to determine the effect of barrier's location, spacing and number on the water level and depth at the downstream region of flume, discharge coefficient of composite hydraulic structure, and flow rate throughout the flume. Our experiments indicated that the turbulence intensity, inlet effect, and position, gap, and number of barriers have affected the hydraulic behavior of weir-gate structure. This appears clearly by obtaining different results of discharge coefficient and flow rate that cross the weir-gate structure comparing with same cases without barriers. Also this study gives some insights on the significance roles of fluid separation, eddies generation near the barrier, fluid resistance and overlap between overflow and underflow velocities and their effects on hydraulic factors that dominate the problem. These hydraulic factors must be considered in the design and construction of barrier/barriers in open channel to prevent any fluctuation or drop in discharge, water elevation and the required water depth at downstream region.

8

The impact of the weather on inland navigation conditions

Skupień Emilia, Tubis Agnieszka, Bačkalić Todor

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

|

2019

|

nr 58 (130)

61--66

EN

The paper presents the impact of the weather on inland navigation conditions. Each mode of transportation depends on the weather, but inland navigation is the one most affected by it. Inland navigation is strongly dependent on the water level in a river bed, which is a result of weather conditions. In Poland the depth of inland waterways is relatively low, but the biggest consideration is the weather which results in the variability of this level. The variability of hydrotechnical conditions results in problems with planning for transportation. It is widely known that water is one of the most important factors in the hydrotechnical conditions of inland navigation and it is directly correlated with the weather. In this paper the authors present the impact of temperature on the duration of the navigation season on the Border Oder, based on research conducted in the years from 2004 to 2018 and the authors also investigated important changes in the weather conditions during last few years. The results showed that the number of navigable days has dropped significantly over the investigated period as a result of changes in the climate.

9

Uwagi do przepisów, którym powinny odpowiadać hydrotechniczne budowle piętrzące

Naprawa Stanisław

Przegląd Budowlany

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2019

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R. 90, nr 10

57--61

PL

W artykule przedstawiono uwagi do przepisów, którym powinny odpowiadać hydrotechniczne budowle piętrzące w nawiązaniu do zasad podziału budowli piętrzących na klasy, zgodne z innowacyjną środowiskową klasyfikacją hydrotechnicznych budowli piętrzących wodę opartą na kryterium prędkości krytycznej. Klasyfikacja środowiskowa ma na celu minimalizację wpływu procesów biologicznych, erozji, sedymentacji oraz zatorów lodowych na środowisko w rejonie stopni wodnych, dla zapewnienia bezpiecznych warunków przepływu wód przez zbiornik oraz budowle przelewowo-upustowe stopnia wodnego podczas użytkowania. Podano zasady utrzymywania piętrzenia wody gwarantujące sterowanie procesami ruchu rumowiska. Proponowana klasyfikacja ma na celu zwrócenie uwagi na fakt istnienia ścisłej zależności między parametrami korytowymi a zasadami projektowania budowli piętrzących, które muszą być uwzględniane podczas projektowania i użytkowania. Podano ogólne i szczegółowe propozycje do opracowania nowych przepisów, którym powinny odpowiadać hydrotechniczne budowle piętrzące wodę.

10

Dredging Volumes Prediction for the Access Channel of Santos Port Considering Different Design Depths

Pion L.M., Bernardino J.C.M

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 3

505--514

EN

Santos is the most important Brazilian port, handling about 114 million of tons in 2016. In 2010, there was a great capital dredging in order to deepen the Access Channel to 15m deep (Chart Datum - CD). This depth was not achieved, due to inefficiency on dredging procedures. As deepening and maintaining design depths are indispensable, this study presents an analysis of sediment deposition in Santos Port Access Channel and an annual dredging volumes prediction, considering current bathymetric survey and design depths of 15, 16 and 17 m (CD).A numerical hydrodynamic and morphological model was developed for the interest area, by using Delft3D®, calibrated with waves, currents and water level data measured within Santos Port adjacen-cies. Sediment transport model was calibrated with suspended sediment data and historic series of dredged volumes from Santos Port Access Channel. Two different scenarios were simulated for each design depth, according to the regional environmental characteristics. For current bathymetric scenario, the model estimates that it would be necessary to dredge an annual average of about 4,325,000 m³ from Santos Port access chan-nel to maintain current depth condition. Regarding design depths of 15, 16, 17 meters, it would be an in-crease of 15%, 55%, and 80%.

11

Last two millennia water level changes of the Młynek Lake (northern Poland) inferred from diatoms and chrysophyte cysts record

Zalat A., Welc F., Nitychoruk J., Marks L., Chodyka M., Zbucki Ł.

Studia Quaternaria

|

2018

|

Vol. 35, Nr 2

77--89

EN

A sediment core, 350 cm long recovered from Młynek Lake, northern of Poland (Warmia and Masuria Region) was analyzed with respect to their content of diatoms and chrysophyte cysts. The aim was to reconstruct the lake water level and climatic changes during the past 2500 years. The recognized diatom assemblages displayed marked floristic changes along the sediment core samples. The main change in diatom composition consists of a shift from an assemblage dominated by benthic Fragilaria sensu lato species through marked intervals to a planktonic one in distinct zones. A high proportion of benthic to plankton taxa has been reported as indicative for a lowering of the lake level with long ice cover in a cold dry climate and a shift from benthic to planktonic diatom taxa reflects arising water level with longest growing season and reduced ice cover on the lake during a warm wet climate. Multivariate statistical analysis included hierarchical ascending clustering distinguished four diatom ecological groups. The analyzed core section was divided into 11 diatom zones according to a distribution of ecological groups and variation in abundance of dominant species supported by 14C data. The results displayed a developmental history of the Młynek Lake that can be divided into 6 main phases of alternating warm wet and cold dry shifts. A distinct dominance of planktonic eutrophic indicator diatoms accompanied by a low abundance of chrysophyte cysts indicates increased lake trophicity and a general trend for the increasing anthropogenic impact.

12

Środowiskowa klasyfikacja hydrotechnicznych budowli piętrzących

Naprawa S.

Przegląd Budowlany

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2018

|

R. 89, nr 2

48--52

PL

Opisano wyniki własnej metody badania niestabilności stanów wody oraz wielkości przepływów, wprowadzając innowacyjną klasyfikację budowli piętrzących wodę. Podział budowli piętrzących na klasy oparto na kryterium prędkości krytycznej, mając na względzie minimalizację wpływu procesów biologicznych, erozji, sedymentacji oraz zatorów lodowych na środowisko w rejonie stopni wodnych, w celu zapewnienia przepustowości budowli przelewowo-upustowych stopnia wodnego podczas użytkowania.

EN

The results of author’s method for evaluation of water levels (and discharges) instability as the function of time are described and new environmental classification of water headworks is proposed, based on design criteria with application “instability factors” for determination water levels (and discharges). The classification is based on the assumption, that local channel processes and risks (biological, erosion, sedimentation, ice control and others) within the environment of hydraulic works will be eliminated or bed impacts limited. The main aim of applied classification is to protect the structure from aggradations and deterioration.

13

Survival of an Endangered Orchid Liparis loeselii in Habitats with Different Water Level Fluctuations

Megre D., Roze D., Dokane K., Jakobsone G., Karlovska A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2018

|

Vol. 66, nr 2

126--138

EN

Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. is an endangered orchid species which occurs in wetland habitats. For successful conservation of this orchid it is necessary to recognize its adaptive traits and special habitat requirements. Therefore, we examined morphological and anatomical traits in relation to the water level, cover of vascular plants and seed viability of L. loeselii in habitats with different water level fluctuations. Field studies of L. loeselii were carried out in nine localities and four habitat types: alkaline fen, calcareous fen with Cladium mariscus, transition mire and quaking bog. The fluctuations of seasonal water level were defined in the range from dry substrate to short time flooding (up to two weeks). Leaf length and width of 30 flowering specimens of L. loeselii as well as angle between the leaf blade and the axis of the inflorescence were measured at each locality. Seed viability and root anatomy were examined in the laboratory. The leaf angle was significantly affected (P < 0.05) by water level in the studied habitat. The leaf length to width ratio in each population of L. loeselii did not show significant differences between the years, but was characteristic for the habitat type. L. loeselii sensitivity to the long-term flooding in the habitat is associated with a lack of aerenchyma in its roots. During short-term flooding specimens of L. loeselii can survive due to a shallow root system and hyponastic leaf movements. As evidenced by seed viability, the most favourable growth conditions for L. loeselii are in the habitats with partially water saturated substrate with balanced water supply.

14

Prognozowanie ilości ścieków dopływających do oczyszczalni za pomocą sztucznych sieci neuronowych z wykorzystaniem liniowej analizy dyskryminacyjnej

Szeląg B., Studziński J., Chmielowski K., Leśniańska A., Rojek I.

Ochrona Środowiska

|

2018

|

Vol. 40, nr 4

9--14

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki prognozowania ilości ścieków dopływających do oczyszczalni komunalnej w Rzeszowie z wykorzystaniem perceptronowych wielowarstwowych sztucznych sieci neuronowych. W modelu prognostycznym przyjęto następujące zmienne niezależne: zmierzona ilość ścieków dopływających do oczyszczalni określona w poprzednich dobach, poziom wody w Wisłoku (odbiornik ścieków), suma dobowych opadów atmosferycznych oraz dobowa ilość wody tłoczonej do sieci wodociągowej. Przeprowadzone obliczenia wykazały, że wśród rozpatrywanych zmiennych istotny wpływ na zdolność predykcyjną modelu prognostycznego miał poziom wody w Wisłoku, wysokość opadów atmosferycznych oraz ilość ścieków dopływająca do obiektu zmierzona w poprzednich dniach. Analizowano również wpływ poszczególnych parametrów strukturalnych modelu opartego na sztucznych sieciach neuronowych na wyniki prognozowania. Przeprowadzone badania, z wykorzystaniem drzew klasyfikacyjnych, wykazały, że na liczbę neuronów w warstwie ukrytej wpływała liczba sygnałów wejściowych do modelu, natomiast rodzaj funkcji aktywacji w warstwach ukrytej i wyjściowej miał mniejsze znaczenie, co potwierdziły wartości o znaczeniu predykcyjnym. Badano również możliwość zastosowania liniowej analizy dyskryminacyjnej do oceny zdolności predykcyjnych skonstruowanych modeli prognostycznych. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że liniowa analiza dyskryminacyjna może być ciekawym narzędziem do oceny doboru zmiennych w modelu prognostycznym ilości ścieków dopływających do oczyszczalni.

EN

The paper presents the results of forecasting the sewage inflow into the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Rzeszow using multilayer perceptron neural networks. For the forecast model, the following independent variables were adopted: the measured inflow volume to the treatment plant from the previous days, the water level in the Wislok River (effluent receiver), the total daily precipitation and the daily water inflow into the network. The calculations led to conclusions that variables substantially affecting the prognostic capacity of the forecast model included the water level in the Wislok River, the volume of precipitation and the sewage inflow to the facility from the previous days. Additionally, the impact of individual structural parameters of the model based on artificial neural networks on forecasting results was analyzed. The research conducted with the use of classification trees demonstrated that number of neurons in the hidden layer was influenced by the number of inputs to the model, while the type of activation function in the hidden and output layer was of minor importance which was confirmed by the data of prognostic value. The applicability of a linear discriminant analysis for assessment of prognostic ability of the constructed forecast models was also investigated. The results obtained demonstrated that the linear discriminant model might be an interesting assessment tool to select variables for the forecast model of sewage inflow to a treatment plant.

15

Reservoir water level forecasting using group method of data handling

Zaji A. H., Bonakdari H., Gharabaghi B.

Acta Geophysica

|

2018

|

Vol. 66, no. 4

717--730

EN

Accurately forecasted reservoir water level is among the most vital data for efficient reservoir structure design and management. In this study, the group method of data handling is combined with the minimum description length method to develop a very practical and functional model for predicting reservoir water levels. The models’ performance is evaluated using two groups of input combinations based on recent days and recent weeks. Four different input combinations are considered in total. The data collected from Chahnimeh#1 Reservoir in eastern Iran are used for model training and validation. To assess the models’ applicability in practical situations, the models are made to predict a non-observed dataset for the nearby Chahnimeh#4 Reservoir. According to the results, input combinations (L, L-1) and (L, L-1, L-12) for recent days with root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 0.3478 and 0.3767, respectively, outperform input combinations (L, L-7) and (L, L-7, L-14) for recent weeks with RMSE of 0.3866 and 0.4378, respectively, with the dataset from https://www. typingclub.com/st. Accordingly, (L, L-1) is selected as the best input combination for making 7-day ahead predictions of reservoir water levels.

16

Forecasting surface water-level fluctuations of a small glacial lake in Poland using a wavelet-based artificial intelligence method

Piasecki A., Jurasz J., Adamowski J. F.

Acta Geophysica

|

2018

|

Vol. 66, no. 5

1093--1107

EN

Lake waters are a significant source of drinking water and contribute to the local economy (e.g. enabling irrigation, offering opportunities for tourism, waterways for transport, and meeting utility water demands); therefore, the ability to accurately forecast lake water levels is important. However, given the significant lack of research with respect to forecasting water levels in small lakes (i.e. 0.05 km2\area\10 km2), the present study sought to address this knowledge gap by testing a pair of hypotheses: (1) it is possible to forecast water levels in small surface lakes using artificial neural networks (ANN), and (2) better water-level forecasts will be obtained when the wavelet transform (WT) is used as an input data preprocessing tool. Based on an analysis of a case study in Lake Biskupinskie (1.16 km2) in Poland and based on a range of model performance statistics (e.g. mean absolute error, root mean square error, mean squared error, coefficient of determination, mean absolute percentage error), both hypotheses were confirmed for monthly forecasting of lake water levels. ANNs provided good forecasting results, and WT pre-processing of input data led to even better forecasts. Additionally, it was found that meteorological variables did not have a significant impact in forecasting water-level fluctuations. In light of the results and the limited scope of the present study, proposed future research directions and problems to be resolved are discussed.

17

Znaki wód wielkich w Poznaniu jako źródła informacji o powodziach

Wosiewicz B. J.

Przegląd Budowlany

|

2017

|

R. 88, nr 9

18--24

PL

Szczegółowo przedstawiono istniejące jeszcze w Poznaniu znaki i tablice powodziowe. Określono, które i dlaczego wskazują rzeczywisty poziom powodzi historycznych, a które są znakami orientacyjnymi lub tylko tablicami informacyjnymi.

EN

Still existing flood marks and boards were shown in details. It was determined which of them define the real level of historical floods, and which are only approximate marks or information boards.

18

Perspektywy zmian Eurokodu 7: Projektowanie geotechniczne

Kłosiński B.

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

|

2017

|

R. 73, nr 3

138--142

PL

Przedstawiono zmiany norm projektowania geotechnicznego PN-EN 1997-1 i -2. Opisano bliżej kierunki i stan prac nad „II generacją” eurokodów, określone podczas posiedzenia Komitetu SC7 i Grup WG w Warszawie.

EN

The paper presents developments in the geotechnical design standards EN 1997-1 and -2. There are described and reviewed works on “2nd generation” of Eurocodes and developments implemented during the meeting of SC7 and WG Groups in Warsaw.

19

Wpływ retencji polderu Golina na transformację fali powodziowej z 2010 r.

Laks I.

Gospodarka Wodna

|

2017

|

Nr 2

49--57

PL

Przedstawiono analizę wpływu retencji polderu Golina, zlokalizowanego w środkowym biegu Warty, na transformację fali powodziowej z 2010 r. Analiza bazuje na wynikach otrzymanych z jednowymiarowego modelu sieci rzecznej z zabudową polderową, utworzonego z wykorzystaniem systemu modelowania przepływów nieustalonych SPRUNER. Model podlegał procedurze kalibracji i weryfikacji wykonanej dla danych o fali wezbraniowej z 2013 r. Skalibrowany i zweryfikowany model wykorzystano do przeprowadzenia symulacji przejścia fali powodziowej z 2010 r. na odcinku Konin-Oborniki. Uzyskane wyniki z modelu numerycznego porównano z pomiarami wykonanymi przez zespół kierowany przez autora w 2010 r. Wykonana analiza pozwoliła na określenie wiarygodnego, ilościowego wpływu polderu na transformację przepływu w Warcie dla fali powodziowej z 2010 r.

EN

The article presents an analysis of the retention effect of the Golina polder, located in the Warta middle course, on transformation of the 2010 flood wave. The analysis is based on results of one-dimensional model of river network with polder development, created using SPRUNER, the unsteady flows modeling system. The model was subject to a calibration and verification procedure carried out for data on the 2013 flood wave. The calibrated and verified model was used for simulation of the 2010 flood passage through the Konin-Oborniki section. The obtained numeric model results were compared with measurements carried out by a team under the supervision of the author in 2010. The analysis allowed for determining the reliable, quantitative impact of the polder on transformation of the 2010 flood wave on the Warta River.

20

Problem odnowy rumowiska wleczonego poniżej zapór. Ocena możliwości sztucznego uzupełniania rumowiska poniżej stopnia wodnego we Włocławku

Habel M., Babiński Z., Szatten D.

Gospodarka Wodna

|

2017

|

Nr 11

360--363

PL

Artykuł stanowi pierwszą część z cyklu poświęconego projektowi sztucznego uzupełniania rumowiska wleczonego w odcinkach, gdzie występuje jego deficyt. Podjęto próbę wyznaczenia warunków brzegowych dla trwałego ustabilizowania procesów erozyjno-akumulacyjnych koryta dolnej Wisły. Ustalono, że powstanie sztucznego zbiornika wodnego skutkuje zmianą reżimu hydrologicznego rzeki, w tym następuje ograniczenie przepływu rumowiska rzecznego. Przeciętna roczna wielkość transportu osadów piaszczysto-żwirowych na dolnej Wiśle to ok. 2,2 mln ton i tyle jego dociera do cofki zbiornika włocławskiego. Deficyt w transporcie rumowiska poniżej zapory jest uzupełniany w wyniku erozji wgłębnej, często też bocznej, jednak tylko do przeciętnej rocznej wartości 1,1 mln ton. Wskazuje to na fakt, że Wisła samodzielnie nie jest w stanie odbudować transportu swoich osadów. W rezultacie rozważań proponuje się potrzebę „dokarmiania” koryta osadami piaszczysto-żwirowymi w odcinku erozyjnym w ilości mniejszej niż 0,5 mln ton rocznie.

EN

The article is the first of a cycle devoted to the project of artificial reconstruction of the bed load in sections where its shortage occurs. It attempts to determine the framework conditions for permanent stabilization of the erosion and accumulation processes in the Lower Vistula riverbed. It was found that creation of an artificial reservoir results in modification of the river’s hydrological regime, including limitation of the bed load flow. The average annual value of the sand and gravel deposits transport in Lower Vistula amounts to approx. 2.2 million tons and this is the amount that reaches the backwater part of the Włocławek reservoir. The deficit in the bed load transport downstream of the dam is completed mainly as a result of bottom erosion and, frequently, lateral erosion, but no more than to the average annual value of 1.1 million tons. It indicates that Vistula is not able to autonomously recreate the transport of its deposits. As a result of these considerations, the authors propose to “feed” the riverbed with sand and gravel deposits in the erosion section, in the amount of not less than 0.5 million tons per year.