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1
Content available Analysis of the features of application of vibration diagnostic methods of induction motors of transportation infrastructure using mathematical modeling
Gubarevych Oleg, Gerlici Juraj, Gorobchenko Oleksandr, Kravchenko Kateryna, Zaika Denys
Diagnostyka
|
2023
|
Vol. 24, No. 1
art. no. 2023111
EN
In the work, studies were carried out on the use of vibration diagnostic methods for monitoring the state of induction motors with a squirrel-cage rotor, operated in electric drives of transport equipment. The most common and difficult-todiagnose damage to an induction motor is turn-to-turn short circuits in the stator winding, which require timely determination and establishment of the degree of damage to prevent an emergency shutdown of the equipment. The main purpose of the study is to establish the most effective areas of application of vibration diagnostic methods in determining the technical condition of the stator of induction motors under load. The experiments were carried out using simulation modeling for cases of turn-to-turn short circuits in one and two phases simultaneously, as well as with the influence of a low-quality supply voltage system on vibration parameters. The results of the work are relevant for further improvement of systems for diagnostic control of drives of transport equipment to increase the efficiency and reliability of their work.
2
Content available Methods for assessing the technical condition of bearing hubs in means of transport
Stanik Zbigniew, Kubik Andrzej, Hadryś Damian, Csiszár Csaba
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
|
2021
|
z. 113
191--204
EN
This article presents two methods of testing bearing hubs, which may supplement the existing subjective and unreliable methods of diagnostics of rolling bearings used in wheel bearing hubs of motor vehicles and other means of road transport. One of the most important elements responsible for the safety of a vehicle is the bearing hub. Regular monitoring of the technical condition of bearings should become an obligation at vehicle inspection stations when carrying out a technical inspection of a vehicle, authorising it to travel on public roads. This article presents the results of vehicle tests with signs of damage to rolling bearings, using two test stands: one on which the dynamic balancer acted as a device for accelerating the wheel, and the other, which was designed as a test dedicated to automotive rolling bearings, where a dynamic weighbridge was used as the wheel drive, made it impossible to test the wheel at lower rotational speeds. The newly designed and manufactured bearing testing device eliminates the disadvantages of the previous stand, and additionally, enables the measurement of a fully loaded bearing hub, which enables the simulation of real operating conditions on the bearing hub.
3
Content available Impact of selected operational parameters on measures of technical condition of rolling bearings in means of transport built based on analysis of vibration signals
Kubik Andrzej, Stanik Zbigniew, Hadryś Damian, Csiszár Csaba
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
|
2021
|
z. 111
89--98
EN
This article presents an innovative method of diagnostics of rolling bearings used in the bearing nodes of motor vehicles, with the use of a prototype specialist stand. The tests were carried out based on a developed research plan, which included the impact of damage to the bearing and tyre of the vehicle, as well as the vehicle speed. Vibration accelerations were recorded in three measurement axes. Signal spectra were created based on the time courses of the vibration signals and were further analysed. The presented method is aimed at detecting excessive wear of rolling bearings in wheels from its early period.
4
Content available Prediction of hydrodynamic stability loss in water-lubricated plain bearings based on the Lyapunov exponent
Batko W., Blaut J., Korbiel T.
Journal of Machine Construction and Maintenance - Problemy Eksploatacji
|
2018
|
no. 3
7--22
EN
The article proposes a new algorithm for data analysis for diagnostics and the prediction of the loss of hydrodynamic stability in plain bearings associated with the appearance of oil vortexes in the lubricant. Their formation is related to the increase of the vibration energy of the spigot, which affects the change of the monitored movement of the shaft in the bearings. These vibrations are controlled by a measuring instrumentation installed on the bearings. The proposed solution was related to the research on the usefulness of nonlinear analysis of diagnostic signals represented by a time series. These signals are the results of measurements of the displacement of the shaft of the rotor machine in relation to the bearing of the plain bearing. The operation of the proposed method is aimed at recognizing the loss of hydrodynamic bearing stability. In particular, we analysed the usefulness of changes in the value of the Lyapunov exponent of monitored signals to early detection of occurring disturbances in the work of a plain bearing. Observations of the increase of its value, before a significant increase in the value of monitored vibrations, confirmed its usefulness as a valuable diagnostic symptom for forecasting the loss of hydrodynamic stability of hydrodynamic plain bearings.
PL
W artykule zaproponowano nowy algorytm analizy danych do diagnostyki i prognozy utraty hydrodynamicznej stabilności w łożysku ślizgowym, związanej z pojawianiem się wirów olejowych w czynniku smarnym. Ich powstawanie jest związane ze wzrostem energii drgań czopa, co wpływa na zmianę monitorowanego ruchu wału w panwi łożyska. Drgania te są kontrolowane przez zainstalowaną na łożyskach instrumentalizację pomiarową. Zaproponowane rozwiązanie związano z badaniami przydatności metod nieliniowej analizy sygnałów diagnostycznych reprezentowanych szeregami czasowymi. Sygnały te są wynikami pomiarów przemieszczeń czopa wału maszyny wirnikowej względem panwi łożyska ślizgowego. Działanie zaproponowanej metody ukierunkowane jest na rozpoznawanie utraty hydrodynamicznej stabilności łożyska. W szczególności poddano analizie przydatności zmian wartości wykładnika Lapunowa monitorowanych sygnałów do wczesnego wykrycia pojawiających się zaburzeń w pracy łożyska ślizgowego. Obserwacje wzrostu jego wartości przed istotnym wzrostem wartości monitorowanych drgań potwierdziły jego przydatność jako wartościowego symptomu diagnostycznego do prognozowania utraty hydrodynamicznej stabilności pracy hydrodynamicznych łożysk ślizgowych.
5
Content available High and medium speed marine diesel engines injection installation vibration diagnostics
Grządziela A., Kluczyk M.
Diagnostyka
|
2017
|
Vol. 18, No. 2
37--42
EN
In recent years, diagnostics of marine reciprocating engines devote more and more attention. In principle, all methods for the diagnostics of marine engines can be divided into based on the measurement of work parameters (mostly changes in internal cylinder pressure), and measuring the residual energy. For this study the authors focused on the measurement of vibration parameters and their analyzes. Acceleration of vibration measurements was carried out on the engine head. During the tests, fatigues to the injection installation were simulated, it had affected to the value and the course of the gas pressure inside the cylinders. The results of research proving the usefulness of the proposed method.
PL
W ostatnich latach zagadnieniu diagnostyki okrętowych tłokowych silników spalinowych poświęca się coraz więcej uwagi. Zasadniczo wszystkie metody diagnostyczne dotyczące tych urządzeń można podzielić na bazujące na pomiarach procesów roboczych (głownie zmian ciśnienia wewnątrz cylindrowego) oraz na pomiarowych procesów resztkowych. W przypadku niniejszego opracowania autorzy skupili się na pomiarach parametrów drganiowych i ich analizie. Pomiary przyspieszeń drgań realizowano na głowicy silników. W trakcie badań symulowano uszkodzenie aparatury paliwowej mające wpływ na wartość oraz przebieg ciśnienia wewnątrz cylindrowego. Przedstawiono wyniki badań dowodzące użyteczności przyjętej metody.
6
Content available Procedure for the evaluation of measured data in terms of vibration diagnostics by application of a multidimensional statistical model
Tomko T., Puskar M., Fabian M., Boslai R.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
|
2016
|
z. 91
125--131
EN
The evaluation process of measured data in terms of vibration diagnosis is problematic for timeline constructors. The complexity of such an evaluation is compounded by the fact that it is a process involving a large amount of disparate measurement data. One of the most effective analytical approaches when dealing with large amounts of data is to engage in a process using multidimensional statistical methods, which can provide a picture of the current status of the flexibility of the machinery. The more methods that are used, the more precise the statistical analysis of measurement data, making it possible to obtain a better picture of the current condition of the machinery.
7
Prof. Eugeniusz Kamiński (1923-1995)
Kamiński J., Pokorski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska
|
2015
|
z. 4/104
5--7
8
Content available The dynamic state monitoring of bearings system
Krynke M.
Production Engineering Archives
|
2015
|
Vol. 6, No. 1
35-38
EN
The article discusses the methods of dynamic state monitoring of bearings system. A vibration signal contains important technical information about the machine condition and is currently the most frequently used in diagnostic bearings systems. One of the main advantages of machine condition monitoring is identifying the cause of failure of the bearings and taking preventative measures, otherwise the operation of such a machine will lead to frequent replacement of the bearings. Monitoring changes in the course of the operation of machinery repair strategies allows keeping the conditioned state of dynamic failure conditioned preventive repairs and repairs after-failure time. In addition, the paper also presents the fundamental causes of bearing failure and identifies mechanisms related to the creation of any type of damage.
9
Content available Charakterystyki drganiowe sprężarek tłokowych powietrza stosowanych dla celów hiperbarycznych
Kluczyk M.
Polish Hyperbaric Research
|
2015
|
nr 3(52)
17--28
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problemy związane z diagnostyką drganiową sprężarek tłokowych napędzanych silnikami o mocach poniżej 100 kW. Żadne z obowiązujących obecnie norm dotyczących zagadnień diagnostyki drganiowej nie poruszają tej problematyki, w związku z czym diagności nie mają poziomu odniesienia dla zmierzonych parametrów drganiowych. W pracy skupiono się na diagnostyce dwóch typów sprężarek przeznaczonych dla celów nurkowych i technik hiperbarycznych. Zaproponowano tok postępowania w czasie pomiarów. Wskazano dalsze kierunki służące opracowaniu spójnych procedur dotyczących diagnostyki sprężarek tłokowych o mocach poniżej 100 kW.
EN
The article presents problems related to the diagnostics of vibrations in reciprocating compressors driven by motors of less than 100 kW. None of the currently applicable norms concerning the issues of vibration diagnostics broach this subject, and therefore diagnosticians have no reference levels for measured vibration parameters. The present paper focuses on two types of compressors intended for diving purposes and hyperbaric techniques. The paper contains a suggested course of actions at the time of taking measurements. Further suggestions for developing coherent procedures as regards the diagnostics of reciprocating compressors of less than 100 kW have been indicated.
10
Wykorzystanie sygnału własnego generatorów i silników trakcyjnych z magnesami trwałymi do diagnostyki drganiowej
Barański M., Pistelok P.
Logistyka
|
2014
|
nr 6
1703-1709
PL
W artykule przedstawiono nowy wibracyjny sposób diagnozowania silników trakcyjnych i generatorów wzbudzanych magnesami trwałymi, które są wykorzystywane m.in. w pojazdów elektrycznych oraz elektrowniach wodnych i wiatrowych. Sposób ten bazuje na właściwości maszyn elektrycznych wzbudzanych magnesami trwałymi, a mianowicie wykorzystuje zjawisko indukowania napięcia w uzwojeniu twornika pod wpływem drgań mechanicznych wirnika względem stojana. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń, częstotliwości drgań mechanicznych, wymuszonych niewywagą wirnika: wyliczonej analitycznie, symulacyjnie i zmierzonej eksperymentalnie.
EN
The paper presents a new vibration diagnostic method designed for diagnose of permanent magnets (PM) generators and traction motors. Those machines are commonly used in small wind and water systems and traction drives of electrical vehicles. Specific structural properties of machines excited by permanent magnets are used in this method - electromotive force (EMF) generated due to vibrations. In this article several issues will be discussed: the method genesis, the similarity of permanent magnet machines to vibration sensor, results of calculations, simulations and laboratory tests.
11
Content available remote The Use of Spectral Windows in Analysis of Vibration Signals
Gyzhko Y., Myslovych M., Sysak R.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2013
|
R. 89, nr 2a
294--296
EN
Statistical spectral analysis of vibrations measured on moving elements of electrical machine with use of diagnostic information-measuring system was carried out. Special software was used in order to analyze the influence of spectral windows on the results of vibration diagnostics.
PL
Praca przedstawia system diagnostyczny maszyny elektrycznej oparty na statystycznej analizie spektralnej sygnałów rejestrowanych na ruchomych elementach maszyny. Główny nacisk położony jest na analizę wpływu rodzaju zastosowanej funkcji okna na wyniki analizy.
12
Content available remote Features of measurement and processing of vibration signals registered on the moving parts of electrical machines
Gyzhko Y.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2012
|
R. 88, nr 3a
40-42
EN
Measurement and processing of vibration signals registered on the moving parts of the electrical machines using the diagnostic information-measuring system that uses Bluetooth wireless standard for the transmission of the measured data from moving parts of electrical machine is discussed.
PL
W artykule opisano pomiar I przetwarzanie sygnałów odpowiadających wibracjom ruchomych części maszyn elektrycznych z wykorzystaniem standardu Bluetooth do przesyłania danych pomiarowych.
13
Content available Sygnały drganiowe generowane układami sił zmiennych i stałych
Bielawski P.
Problemy Eksploatacji
|
2011
|
nr 2
21-31
PL
W artykule uzasadniono przydatność i wykazano możliwość budowania relacji diagnostycznych w formie układ sił - obraz symptomów drganiowych. Zaproponowano wprowadzenie klasyfikacji relacji ze względu na typ układu sił wymuszających. Zbudowano modele rzeczywiste dwóch typów układu sił i przeprowadzono badania relacji układ sił wymuszających - widmo drgań. Badano układy wymuszeń: 1) siła o przebiegu sinusoidalnym + siła stała, 2) siła o przebiegu sinusoidalnym o częstości ω 1 + siła stała + siła o przebiegu sinusoidalnym o częstości ω d; ω 1 > ω d. Wyniki badań przedstawiono w formie amplitudowo-częstotliwościowych widm przyspieszeń drgań bezwzględnych.
EN
The links between the technical condition of machines and the forces that generate the vibrating signals are highlighted. The sum and the product of two sinusoidal signals are presented, and the amplitude modulation is distinguished. The usefulness and capability of the construction of the diagnostic relationship between this match of forces and the image of vibration symptoms are substantiated. An introduction of the classification of the diagnostic relationships from the point of view of the type of matching forces is suggested. Two real models of matching forces are built, and the diagnostic relationship between the matching forces and vibration spectra is investigated. The following matches of forces are researched: 1. Sinusoidal force + stationary force, and 2. Sinusoidal force with frequency ω 1 + stationary force + sinusoidal force with frequency ω d; ω 1 > ω d. The results of research are presented in the form of described amplitude-frequency spectra.
14
Content available Diagnostics of marine propeller shafts
Bielawski P.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
|
2011
|
Vol. 6, no 2
31-40
EN
This author provides a description of the construction and function of a ship’s propeller shaft, and states that the methods and resources for diagnosing a marine propeller shaft are insufficient. It is underlined that the diagnostics of machines mounted in plain bearings successfully makes use of measurements of the shaft journal centre trajectory. An attempt has been made to transfer this kind of diagnostics to the field of marine propeller shafts. A physical model of a propeller shaft was built in a test stand ROTOR KIT OIL WHIRL/WHIP OPTION made by Bently Nevada. The trajectory of a shaft journal centre and its maximum radius-vector were examined. The need to develop this method of diagnosing propeller shafts has been confirmed.
15
Content available Consideration in diagnostics of the grey system theory
Żółtowski B.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
|
2011
|
Vol. 6, no 2
191-200
EN
The publication describes Grey System Theory (GST) and takes into account the Grey differential model (GM) and Grey Generating Space (GS). Grey System Theory shows to which extent the vibration signals (deriving from tested objects) influence the evaluation and analysis of condition of the machine. The above-mentioned theory applies under the existence of fix, non-negative and monotonic data correlated with insufficient and uncertain data’ sources. In relation to these circumstances, the Forecasting (rolling window) method seems to be appropriate solution, which remains the main subject of this paper. The present research use vibration methods to recognize the technical state of the machines and SVD method (Singular Value Decomposition) as well as GST (Grey System Theory) was used for results validation.
16
Content available Preliminary evaluation of effective vibration analysis for the fault diagnosis of natural gas engine-driven compressor
Listewnik K., Polanowski S., Dereszewski M., Żukowski J.
Journal of KONES
|
2011
|
Vol. 18, No. 4
243-250
EN
In this paper were presented results of preliminary research of the fault diagnosis of natural gas engine-driven compressor by vibration analysis. Natural gas engine-driven compressors are heavily exploited during delivering natural gas to the transmission network of Poland. Every failure brings about interferences to gas system, furthermore it causes notably cost of maintenances. The major failures are piston seizures and overly level of vibration causes by exceedingly wear, an unbalanced engine after repairs and dry friction. During research investigated three natural gas engine-driven compressors. Acceleration of engine cylinders was measured in cylinder axis and perpendicularly axis and acceleration of compressor cylinders, engine fundament and gas receiver in three axes. Results obtain during investigation of engine cylinders one gas engine-driven compressor collates with results of validation of engine cylinders after their stripping. Preliminary results of investigation indicate proper trend to set up diagnostic symptoms. It was found that for increasing of information amount is necessary to carry out synchronous measurements and its envelops in domain of crankshaft rotation angle. Very important source of diagnostic information can be shaft acceleration, determined basing on existing system of signals generation. The investigation is to be continued.
17
Content available Application of vibration signals in the diagnosis of combustion engines - exploitation practices
Stanik Z., Warczek J.
Journal of KONES
|
2011
|
Vol. 18, No. 3
405-412
EN
Changes in operating properties of the internal combustion engine, for various reasons, may manifest themselves with similar symptoms. An example is the drop in engine power, which may be caused by malfunctioning of the system such as power supply, or excessive wear geometric kinematic pairs as the piston-crankshaft. Identification of the causes of malfunction is the basis for carrying out corrective action. In practice, the workshop frequent disability are different manifestations of the drive units having identical symptoms. An alternative to iterative repair methods is the introduction of diagnostic tools that will help identify causes of failure, without having to remove the individual motor units. These provisions comply with the method of vibration analysis. The vibration signals provide information about the technical condition of the object. The paper presents examples of applying the methods of vibration in the identification of changes in the technical condition of the engine, which confirm their usefulness in identifying sources of failure. During the process of investigations, time courses of vibration accelerations were recorded with piezoelectric transducer mounted at half height of the first cylinder, perpendicular to its axis. The worked out method is based on vibration signals recorded at engine operation. The dominant amplitude components of time courses are strongly connected with air- fuel mixture ignition as well as with kinetic pairs of the engine.
18
Content available remote Theoretical bases of vibration diagnostics of anchor against landslide constructions
Bouraou N., Klofa I., Zsukovskij Y., Kulish E.
Vibrations in Physical Systems
|
2010
|
Vol. 24
63--68
EN
The given work is devoted to development of theoretical bases of a new vibrating diagnostics method and evaluation a current condition of the anchor. The research of the pulse response of the anchor against landslide construction is a basis of vibrating diagnostics of a tension condition an anchor, detection of feature of abatement of a tightness, and definition of character of its dependence on a changing stretching force. The elastic body with the distributed parameters (a string) is used as the diagnostic model of the tense and fixed core of an anchor. Dependences of own frequencies changing of the pulse response of an anchor on a tightness changing at deformations and displacement of a place of fastening of an anchor are defined. The discrete model of an anchor against landslide construction is developed and researched for definition of dependences between parameters of an anchor condition and vibrating characteristics of a retaining wall, which is accessible to carrying out of measurements.
19
Content available remote Ocena diagnostyczna poprawności przebiegu procesu spalania w silnikach ZS w oparciu o wybrane metody analizy sygnału drganiowego
Merkisz J., Waligórski M.
Silniki Spalinowe
|
2009
|
R. 48, SC2
275--284
PL
W artykule przedstawiono nową metodę identyfikacji wypadania zapłonów w silniku ZS bazującą na wynikach parametryzacji mapy czasowo-widmowej a(t, f) drgań generowanych przez silnik. Jako narzędzie selekcji czasowo-widmowej sygnału drganiowego zaproponowano zastosowanie metod analizy czasowo-częstotliwościowej (JTFA). Zarysowano algorytm metody i zamieszczono przykład ilustrujący zastosowanie uśrednianej synchronicznie krótkoczasowej transformacji Fouriera (STFT) do ekstrakcji składowych sygnału związanych z procesem spalania. W wyniku parametryzacji mapy a(t, f), uzyskano miary sygnału umożliwiające identyfikację braku zapłonu w cylindrze silnika spalinowego. Zastosowane metody i analizy wybranych charakterystyk i parametrów w bieżącej diagnostyce braku procesu spalania umożliwiły uzyskanie podstaw do aplikacji nowej metody do systemu OBD. Dzięki temu możliwe jest użycie i doskonalenie strategii kontroli przebiegu procesu spalania w silniku realizowanej na bieżąco i zapewnienie odpowiedniej dokładności decyzji diagnostycznych zaimplementowanych w strategii kontroli OBD.
EN
The paper presents a new method of misfire identification for a Diesel engine, based on results of parameterizations of a time-frequency a(t, f) map of an engine vibration signal. The Joint Time-Frequency Analysis (JTFA) methods have been proposed as a tool for a time-frequency selection of a vibration signal. An algorithm of the method has been outlined and an example application of a synchronous averaged Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) for extracting vibration signal components related to combustion process has been shown. Parameterization of a(t, f) map gives measures covariable with misfire in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The method and analyses of the chosen characteristics and parameters were used in on-line diagnostics of the combustion process lack, what gave the necessary bases for application of the new method in OBD system. It might be helpful to use and improve the strategy of the combustion process control in the engine at on-line conditions and to assure the reliability of the diagnostic decisions being put in the OBD strategy control.
20
Content available remote Vibrations in rolling-element bearings and their analysis
Kopecky M., Vavro J.
Vibrations in Physical Systems
|
2000
|
Vol. 19
167--168
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