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1

Some aspects of monitoring of different processes in agriculture using acoustic emission phenomena

Barwicki Jan, Borek Kinga, Mazur Kamila

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2024

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Vol. 45, nr 1

23--27

EN

The technique of acoustic emission has been shown to be useful for monitoring and measurement of transportation and mixing of feed concentrates and other ingredients. This method is ideally suited for flow/no flow alarm indicators, requiring no calibration and only basic electronic support. If the method is to be used for analysis of mixtures, the components must be sufficiently different in particle size or density. Besides that, the detection of particle breakdown and damage should be possible.

PL

Wykazano, że technika emisji akustycznej jest przydatna do monitorowania i pomiaru transportu oraz mieszania koncentratów paszowych i innych składników. Metoda ta idealnie nadaje się do wskaźników alarmowych przepływu/braku przepływu, nie wymagając kalibracji i jedynie podstawowego wsparcia elektronicznego. Jeżeli metoda ma być stosowana do analizy mieszanin, składniki muszą różnić się dostatecznie wielkością cząstek lub gęstością. Poza tym powinno być możliwe wykrywanie rozkładu i uszkodzeń cząstek.

2

Coordination of transportation operations by 3PL based on real-time cloud data

Kmiecik Mariusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 168

199--215

EN

Purpose: Main aim of the following paper is to present the conception of logistics coordination from the point of view of transportation actions from the perspective of the international 3PL company. Design/methodology/approach: In the paper used the case study based on the case of chosen international 3PL, where the distribution network was analyzed. Findings: 3PL is able to support the transportation planning operation in the considered distribution network by using a developed cloud-based infrastructure that supports demand forecasting tool and transportation planning. Originality/value: Paper connects the one function of logistics coordination – transportation planning – with the demand forecasting tool and the issues of 3PL. It is also shown the case study with implemented solution based on cloud infrastructure to support the transportation operations.

3

Supply chain design: a case study in a pulp and paper company

Fava Lucas Cedroni, Fugihara Marcelo Koiti, Sampaio Mauro

Transport Problems

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2023

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T. 18, z. 4

189--200

EN

This paper comprehensively analyzes a company’s supply chain design process in the pulp and paper industry. It focuses on the company’s supply chain strategy, structure, operations, and performance and highlights the challenges and opportunities specific to the industry. The purpose of this case study is to show how effective supply chain design can improve a company’s competitiveness and success. This paper also offers recommendations for improving supply chain design in the pulp and paper industry and other similar industries.

4

Optimizing Municipal Waste Collection: a Case Study of a City in Poland

Roman Monika, Waśkiewicz Michał

Systemy Logistyczne Wojsk

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2023

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Vol. 58, no. 1

197--218

EN

The main problem of waste management is the increasing amount of municipal waste, and one of the key processes generating high costs is the waste collection process. The aim of the article was to optimize the route of a garbage truck using information technology (IT) software in one of the most populated Polish cities. The article tests the study hypothesis: the use of route optimization software will reduce the route length traveled by the garbage truck of the MZO in Pruszków. The data for the study was made available with the consent of the Municipal Treatment Plant in Pruszków. The received materials included information on, among others, Global Positioning System (GPS) readings of the garbage truck, including route start and end times, route length, average speed, driving time, and time of stops, points selected by the planners to collect waste along the route, information on the amount of waste collected during the implementation of the route, technical data on the moving vehicle and characteristics of the sorting plant were received. The article proposes the optimization of the routes of collection and transportation of municipal waste using the traveling salesman problem (TSP). The minimization of route length was assumed as the optimization criterion. All calculations were made in the Routimo program dedicated to route planning and optimization. As a result of the optimization, the route length was reduced by nearly 32%, and the working time by 9%. Thus, the research hypothesis stated in the article was positively verified.

PL

Głównym problemem gospodarki odpadami jest rosnąca ilość odpadów komunalnych, a jednym z kluczowych procesów generujących wysokie koszty jest proces zbierania odpadów. Celem artykułu była optymalizacja trasy przejazdu śmieciarki z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania informatycznego w jednym z najbardziej zaludnionych miast Polski. W artykule weryfikowano hipotezę badawczą: zastosowanie oprogramowania optymalizującego trasę skróci długość trasy pokonywanej przez śmieciarkę MZO w Pruszkowie. Dane do badań zostały udostępnione za zgodą Miejskiego Zakładu Oczyszczania w Pruszkowie. Otrzymane materiały zawierały informacje m.in. o odczytach Global Positioning System (GPS) śmieciarki, w tym o czasie rozpoczęcia i zakończenia trasy, długości trasy, średniej prędkości, czasie jazdy i czasie postojów, zbiór wybranych przez planistów punktów odbioru odpadów na trasie, informację o ilości odpadów zebranych w trakcie realizacji trasy, dane techniczne poruszającego się pojazdu oraz charakterystykę sortowni. W artykule zaproponowano optymalizację trasy odbioru i transportu odpadów komunalnych z wykorzystaniem problemu komiwojażera (TSP). Jako kryterium optymalizacji przyjęto minimalizację długości trasy. Wszystkie obliczenia wykonano w programie Routimo przeznaczonym do planowania i optymalizacji tras. W wyniku optymalizacji długość trasy uległa skróceniu o blisko 32%, a czas pracy o 9%. Tym samym zweryfikowano pozytywnie postawioną w artykule hipotezę badawczą.

5

Zielony wodór : krótka monografia. Część 2, Kierunki stosowania

Polaczek Jerzy

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

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T. 102, nr 6

518--526

PL

Dokonano przeglądu metod wykorzystania zielonego wodoru w energetyce, transporcie, przemyśle chemicznym oraz w metalurgii. W szczególności przedstawiono przemysłowe procesy produkcji energii elektrycznej w elektrowniach wodorowych oraz wykorzystanie wodoru do napędu pojazdów, do wytwarzania zielonego metanolu i amoniaku, a także do wytwarzania metali (żelazo, metale kolorowe). Omówiono również problemy magazynowania i transportu wodoru.

EN

A review, with 59 refs., of trends in industrial use of H₂ in energetics, transportation, chem. industry and metallurgy. In particular, industrial processes for prodn. of electric energy in H₂ power stations, for powering the transport facilities (cars, trains), for prodn. of green MeOH and NH₃ as well as for prodn. of metals (Fe, non-ferrous metals) were presented. Storage and transportation of H₂ were also taken into consideration.

6

Unleashing the role of blockchain technology and government support in green supply

Umar Muhammad, Yu Zhang, Muhammad Zikri, Khan Syed Abdul Rehman

LogForum

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2023

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Vol. 19, no. 2

195--209

EN

Background: With the advent of the technological revolution, digitalization and automation is expected to restructure the landscape of manufacturing operations. Blockchain technology (BCT) is likely to foster information sharing and transparency and facilitate collaboration on green issues in supply chain among firms. This quantitative research investigates the role of BCT in Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices and its’ effect on various performances, including economic and social performance. Method: The data was gathered from 223 firms by utilizing a survey questionnaire, and PLS-SEM was employed to analyze the hypotheses. Results: The findings showed that BCT has a key role in the implementation of GSCM practices (comprising green purchasing and green manufacturing). The outcomes also elucidated that green manufacturing is positively associated with economic and social performance. Whereas, green purchasing is negatively correlated with economic performance and has an insignificant effect on social performance. Moreover, government support (GS) moderates the link between BCT and GSCM practices (including green purchasing and green manufacturing). Conclusion: This research provided ample understanding about the role of BCT in implementing GSCM practices. The findings suggested that government bodies need to provide interest free loans and tax exemption to effectively implement GSCM practices.

7

Attributes of modal choice in an industrial-based urban area: A case study on Savar Paurashava

Fahim Ashraf Uddin, Alam Md. Khorshed, Salim Md. Adnan Arif, Bhuiyan Md. Al-Fahad

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2023

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Vol. 8, No. 1

63--72

EN

Road transportation does an excellent job of connecting Savar's inner and outer areas, but it might be difficult for commuters to decide which mode of transportation to employ because residents of Savar come from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds. It is necessary to do in-depth research on the characteristics of people in the study region who choose different modes of transportation to achieve the goal of selecting a certain mode for their travel. Where a person lives can have a significant impact on their typical patterns of travel behavior. People who live closer to the center of things have access to a wider variety of amenities than those who live further away, and as a consequence, their travel patterns are distinct from one another. The study's findings indicate that several factors, including income, age, gender, and vocational qualities and goals, influence a commuter's preferred method of transportation. When it comes to selecting a mode of transportation, the most predictable factors to take into account are trip time and cost. After conducting research, it was found that most excursions are made from this place to Motijheel, Tejgaon, and Savar Export Processing Zone for their services, businesses, and jobs, respectively.

8

Issues of the Impact of Granulated Sulfur Transportation on the Environmental Components

Ivanov Andrey V., Smirnov Yuriy D., Lisay Viktoria V., Borowski Gabriel

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

86--97

EN

Nowadays, sulfur is considered one of the primary resources of the chemical industry, most of which is produced as a refinery by-product during the processing of oil and natural gas. Sulfur production volumes are increasing every year, while the demand for it does not always match the growing supply, which leads to a serious problem of sulfur surplus in the world market. Granulated sulfur – the main commercial type of elemental sulfur – is transported in large quantities both by land and sea and can have a negative impact on the environment. At the moment, the issue of the negative impact of granulated sulfur on the environment has not been fully studied, which determines the relevance of this research. This review article presents the global market of granulated sulfur, paying attention to its safe transport – from the producer to the consumer. The potentially harmful factors of the impact of sulfur handling on elements of the natural environment, such as atmospheric air, water reservoirs, soil and vegetation, were also taken into account.

9

Policy of decarbonisation of the transport sector of the economy of Ukraine : problems and perspectives

Abuselidze George, Levchenko Nataliia, Shyshkanova Ganna, Platonov Oleg, Iushchenko Lyudmila

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2023

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Vol. 30, nr 4

517--540

EN

Practically, the strategic guideline for a transformation of transport sector of the Ukraine’s economy is the reduction of the transport carbon footprint. The decarbonisation policy of the Ukrainian transport sector is characterised in the present paper. Moreover, inefficiency of the current policy is proved. The authors created the mathematical model of structural improvement in road transportations by redistribution of transportations volumes between the motor transport and the railway. Guided by the scenario approach, the three most probable scenarios for traffic optimisation are developed, such as pessimistic, basic, and optimistic. The carbon reduction percentage is computed in each of these scenarios. In addition, the priority vectors of the policy of the structural optimisation of the road transport by redistribution of traffic volumes between the motor transport and the railway are determined.

10

The Risk of Damage to Reailway Infrastructure Due to Theft and Devastation

Janowiec Filip, Kula Tomasz

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2023

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Vol. 33, no. 3

129--145

EN

Theft and devastation of railway infrastructure are one of the most important factors that affect the safety of the railway transport system. In Poland, the railway transported 245.1 million passengers and 243.6 million tons of cargo in 2021, so it is extremely important to ensure the maximum possible safety standards. Theft and devastation of railway infrastructure contribute to significant material damage to railway network managers. The costs of rebuilding railway equipment are estimated at millions of zlotys every year. They also influence the proper functioning of railway traffic. Due to this phenomenon, there are delays of passenger and freight trains, the total of which amounted to over 100,000 minutes in 2021. Therefore, the effects of such hooligan acts also affect passengers and commercial customers of the railways. The article is an attempt to describe the impact of theft and devastation of railway infrastructure on its safety and the operation of railway lines in Poland. By analyzing the available statistical data and using the CSM method, as well as applying certain simplifications, it was possible to determine the approximate level of risk using techniques used in practice. Based on the adopted risk reference levels, a systematic reduction in both the probability of occurrence of negative phenomena and their consequences was observed.

11

Estimation of the needed regolith for covering lunar habitat by protective layer

Konečný Petr, Katzer Jacek, Kobaka Janusz, Seweryn Karol

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2023

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Vol. 58, Special Issue 1

249--255

EN

The article deals with estimation of the amount of regolith to be mined with respect to the preparation of lunar habitat. Estimation of the size of the pit is related to the overlay of regolith for habitat made of a composite concrete-like structure. The evaluation is based on the number of inhabitants, necessary floor area, and the considered structure that is made of three segments. The first segment is a linear vault with a half cylinder cross section ending with a half sphere on both sides of the vault. Elementary formulas for the computation of volume of cylinder and sphere are applied.

12

Roundabouts as aesthetic road solutions for organizing landscapes

Macioszek Elżbieta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 115

53--62

EN

In the transportation systems are different types of intersections. Among them, roundabouts are considered the safest solution. The application of roundabouts is conditioned by many factors. One of them borders on area development. Roundabouts, among others, are localized in important city places, thus serve as a landmark in the city or are localized on the boundaries of areas with different communication functions, thus constituting an organizational landscape feature. Sometimes, they diversify the space of a street or close the perspective of a monotonous street. Hence, beyond the basic functions, roundabouts with the appropriate central island arrangements can also play the function of organizing the architecture of the local area. The ways and possibilities of roundabout central island arrangements are presented in this article. An interesting central island arrangement shows that roundabouts play an esthetic and organizing landscaping role.

13

Questions of cost and pricing in the conditions of the functioning of the electricity market of Kazakhstan

Sadykova Kuralay, Zhakupov Almas, Baymukhanov Timur, Turchekenova Railash, Medebaeva Aliya

Polityka Energetyczna

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2022

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T. 25, z. 4

27--38

EN

The electric power sector is analyzed from the standpoint of well-being and a number of political priorities are considered that go beyond the traditional tasks of the so-called “energy trilemma”, namely reliable, affordable and carbon-free energy. This shows the importance of solving the problem at different levels as it can help the Government of Kazakhstan more reliably achieve synergy between actions to combat climate change and other priorities and, consequently, achieve double harmonization. The purpose of the study is to consider the cost and pricing surveys in the conditions of the functioning of the electricity market of Kazakhstan. Electricity is of key importance for human well-being. Electricity is highly necessary for many basic services, infrastructure and economic activities. Despite the increase in energy efficiency, the global electricity demand increased by 115% between 1990 and 2020, which is significantly higher than the population growth rate over the same period. This trend will undoubtedly continue conditioned upon economic growth, increased access and the electrification of end users. The assessment of electricity generation technologies from the point of view of well-being requires the use of the full cost method, which includes all applicable external costs, risks and benefits to determine the low-carbon energy balance, which in the Republic of Kazakhstan, is compatible with sustainable development. This assessment clearly needs to go beyond the plant level to consider the network infrastructure and demand to get a holistic view of the social costs of electricity. The practical significance lies in the analysis of cost and pricing in the conditions of the functioning of the electricity market of Kazakhstan.

PL

Sektor elektroenergetyczny jest analizowany z punktu widzenia dobrostanu, w którym uwzględnia się szereg priorytetów politycznych, które wykraczają poza tradycyjne zadania tzw. trylematu energetycznego, a mianowicie niezawodną, przystępną cenowo i bezemisyjną energię. Pokazuje to wagę problemu na różnych poziomach, ponieważ może to pomóc rządowi Kazachstanu w bardziej niezawodnym osiągnięciu synergii między działaniami na rzecz przeciwdziałania zmianom klimatu a innymi priorytetami, a w konsekwencji osiągnąć podwójną harmonizację. Celem opracowania jest uwzględnienie badań dotyczących kosztów i cen w warunkach funkcjonowania rynku energii elektrycznej Kazachstanu. Energia elektryczna ma kluczowe znaczenie dla dobrobytu człowieka. Jest niezbędna dla realizacji wielu podstawowych usług, dla infrastruktury i działalności gospodarczej. Pomimo wzrostu efektywności energetycznej, światowe zapotrzebowanie na energię elektryczną wzrosło o 115% w latach 1990–2020, co jest znacznie wyższe niż tempo wzrostu populacji w tym samym okresie. Ten trend będzie niewątpliwie kontynuowany pod wpływem wzrostu gospodarczego, zwiększonego dostępu i elektryfikacji użytkowników końcowych. Ocena technologii wytwarzania energii elektrycznej z punktu widzenia dobrostanu wymaga zastosowania metody pełnego kosztu, która uwzględnia wszystkie mające zastosowanie koszty zewnętrzne, ryzyka i korzyści do określenia niskoemisyjnego bilansu energetycznego, co w Republice Kazachstanu jest zgodne ze zrównoważonym rozwojem. Ocena ta wyraźnie musi wykraczać poza poziom zakładu, aby uwzględnić infrastrukturę sieciową i wymaga całościowego spojrzenia na społeczne koszty energii elektrycznej. Praktyczne znaczenie tkwi w analizie kosztów i cen w warunkach funkcjonowania rynku energii elektrycznej Kazachstanu.

14

Neutrosophic compromise programming approach for multiobjective nonlinear transportation problem with supply and demand following the exponential distribution

Adhami Ahmad Yusuf, Faizan Mohd, M Anas

Operations Research and Decisions

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2022

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Vol. 32, No. 3

1--15

EN

Decision-making is a tedious and complex process. In the present competitive scenario, any incorrect decision may excessively harm an organization. Therefore, the parameters involved in the decision-making process should be looked into carefully as they may not always be of a deterministic nature. In the present study, a multiobjective nonlinear transportation problem is formulated, wherein the parameters involved in the objective functions are assumed to be fuzzy and both supply and demand are stochastic. Supply and demand are assumed to follow the exponential distribution. After converting the problem into an equivalent deterministic form, the multiobjective problem is solved using a neutrosophic compromise programming approach. A comparative study indicates that the proposed approach provides the best compromise solution, which is significantly better than the one obtained using the fuzzy programming approach.

15

Global optimal vessel capacity for LNG production and transportation

Igboanusi Cninemerem, Amuji Harrison Obiora, Onukwube Obioma G., Chikadibia Nwosu Azuwueze

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2022

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Vol. 7, No. 1

82--89

EN

In this paper, developed a linear programming model to determine the volume of vessels that will give an optimal return on investment. The solution to the developed model was carried out using the Interior Point algorithm with the help of the MATLAB package. The analysis observed that the production and transporting of the LNG with a vessel of capacity 178,5006m3 would give an optimal profit of 633,640 million USD. And from the results of the analysis, we observed that the decision to take the maximum modern capacity instead of lower capacities yields the highest profit.

16

The impact of policy response to Covid-19 on the transportation and storage sector in Visegrad Countries (V4)

Tyc Tomasz, Firek Aleksandra

Journal of civil engineering and transport

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2022

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Vol. 4, No. 4

33--43

EN

The paper is devoted to analysing national policy responses to the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Visegrad countries (Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia) - on both the macroeconomic and microeconomic level. Focus is given to the transportation and storage sector (NACE Rev. 2 code H). The pandemic unevenly impacted this sector: while specific subsectors were thriving during this period (e.g. parcel delivery services), others were suffering due to abrupt mobility changes (e.g. public & individual mobility services). Public policies were presented not only as a tool to reduce the negative impact of the pandemic but also to provide a platform to build new competitive advantages for national business entities, thus providing the rationale for an analysis of the actual impact ofprograms aimed at the transportation and storage sector. The impact of the state-aid focusing on the analysed was uneven between the analysed countries. Even though, the deployed programs have helped the industry to return to pre-pandemic levels within 4 quarters. This proves that apart from the structure of state-aid programs and schemes, an important factor was the pre-pandemic value chains. This could serve as a starting point for further research as more data become available.

PL

Artykuł poświęcony został analizie wpływu polityk krajowych mających na celu przeciwdziałanie lub mitygację gospodarczym konsekwencjom pandemii COVID-19 w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej (Czechy, Węgry, Polska i Słowacja). Dokładniej analizie poddano sektor transportu i magazynowana (kod HNACE Rev. 2). Pandemia nierównomiernie wpłynęła na ten sektor - podczas gdy określone podsektory rozwijały się w tym okresie więcej niż dynamicznie (m.in. usługi doręczania paczek), inne ponadprzeciętnie ucierpiały z powodu nagłych zmian w mobilności (m.in. usługi mobilności publicznej i indywidualnej). Polityki publiczne zostały zaprezentowane nie tylko jako narzędzie do ograniczania negatywnych skutków pandemii, ale także jako platforma do budowania nowych przewag konkurencyjnych dla krajowych podmiotów gospodarczych. W ten sposób dostarczając uzasadnienia dla analizy rzeczywistego wpływu programów skierowanych do sektora transportu i magazynowania. Wpływ pomocy publicznej skoncentrowanej na analizowanych krajach był nierównomierny pomiędzy analizowanymi krajami. Mimo że wdrożone programy pomogły branży powrócić do poziomów sprzed pandemii w ciągu 4 kwartałów. Świadczy to o tym, że oprócz struktury programów i schematów pomocy publicznej ważnym czynnikiem były przedpandemiczne łańcuchy wartości. Może to służyć jako punkt wyjścia do dalszych badań, gdy dostępnych będzie więcej danych.

17

Designing a Green Supply Chain Transportation System for an Automotive Company Based On Bi-Objective Optimization

Syah Rahmad, Nasution Mahyuddin M., Shol Vladimir Vladimirovich, Kireeva Natalia, Jalil Abduladheem Turki, Chen Tzu-Chia, Aravindhan Surendar, Abood Emad Salaam, Alkaim Ayad F.

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 47, No. 2

193--207

EN

Recently, due to the increasing awareness of communities regarding environmental issues and environmental regulations, companies have evolved to provide products with lower prices and better quality to retain and attract customers. Economics should also pay attention to environmental goals. Therefore, it is essential to provide a supply chain model that can consider both economic and environmental objectives. In this paper, the green direct supply chain network is presented to an automotive company, including five suppliers, primary warehouses, manufacturing plants, distributors, and sales centers. The objectives of this model are to minimize the total cost of construction, transportation, and the amount of carbon dioxide emissions during forwarding network transportation at all levels. The proposed model is also drawn using the weight method, which is one of the methods for solving multi-objective problems, and the solution of the model part. Ultimately, it has been discussed how much the automobile company should focus on reducing carbon dioxide so that managers can determine the best solutions from the Pareto border according to their organization's priorities, which can be environmental or financial.

18

Evaluation of The Impact of Covid-19 PanDemic on Transportation: a Case Study of Iran

Nadimi Navid, Monsourifar Fariborz, Asadamraji Morteza, Amiri Amir Mohammadian

Archives of Transport

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2022

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Vol. 62, iss. 2

25--38

EN

Coronavirus first appeared in January 2020 and has spread dramatically in most parts of the world. In addition to exerting enormous impacts on public health and well-being, it has also affected a broad spectrum of industries and sectors, including transportation. Countries around the world have imposed restrictions on travel and participation in activities due to the outbreak of the virus. Many countries have adopted social distancing rules requiring people to maintain a safe distance. Therefore, the pandemic has accelerated the transition into a world in which online education, online shopping, and remote working are becoming increasingly prevalent. Every aspect of our life has witnessed a series of new rules, habits, and behaviours during this period, and our travel choices or behaviours are no exception. Some of these changes can be permanent or have long-lasting effects. To control this situation, these changes must first be recognised in various aspects of transportation in order to provide policies for similar situations in the future. In this regard, this study seeks to examine how transportation sectors have changed in the first waves of the pandemic. Iran has been selected as the case study in this paper. This research is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the effects of the Coronavirus pandemic on rural transportation in Iran. This is followed by assessing the impacts of the virus on urban transportation in Tehran (the capital of Iran). The behaviour of more than 700 travellers in terms of trip purpose, travel time, and mode choice is evaluated using a questionnaire. Results indicate that the number of passengers has reduced dramatically in rural transportation systems. In such systems, considerations such as keeping social distancing, disinfection of passengers and their luggage, and unemployment of a group of personnel working in the transportation industry have been more evident. In urban transportation, education trips have dropped the most. This might relate to an increase in online teaching and health concerns. The same pattern can be seen in the passengers who used bicycles, public taxis, and other public transportation systems. Finally, during the pandemic, drivers’ speed has increased, which justifies the need for traffic calming for drivers.

19

Zmiany na rynku transportowym w erze COVID-19. Pierwszy rok pandemii

Pomykała Agata

Zeszyty Naukowo-Techniczne Stowarzyszenia Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji w Krakowie. Seria: Materiały Konferencyjne

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2021

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Nr 2 (123)

315--323

PL

Charakterystyczną cechą rynku transportowego w 2020 r. były niepewność, destabilizacja i znaczące wahania popytu. Ich przyczyną był rozpowszechniający się korona wirus SARS-CoV-2, a precyzyjniej działania podjęte przez rządy państw dla ograniczenia tempa transmisji tego patogenu i ochrony ludności. Gwałtownie zwiększająca się liczba zarażeń, szybki rozwój epidemii i wprowadzone w początkowej fazie pandemii restrykcje zaskoczyły nieprzygotowany na taki kryzys rynek. Rozważania zawarte w artykule dotyczą zmian na rynku transportowym w pierwszym roku trwania pandemii. Przeprowadzona analiza dostępnych danych wskazuje gwałtowne załamanie rynku w trakcie pierwszej fali COVID-19 oraz znaczące straty, zwłaszcza w sektorze przewozów pasażerskich. Przygotowując artykuł dokonano kwerendy literatury i dostępnych źródeł oraz wykorzystano metody analizy i syntezy.

EN

Uncertainty, destabilization and significant fluctuations in dem and were characteristic features of the transport market in 2020. The spreading SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus caused the changes in the maket and more precisely, measures taken by governments to limit the transmission rate of this pathogen and protect the population. The rapidly increasing number of infections, the rapid development of the pandemic and the restrictions introduced in the initial phase of the pandemic surprised the market, unprepared for such a crisis. The considerations contained in the article concern changes in the transport market in the first year of the pandemic. The analysis of the available data indicates a sharp market break down during the first wave of COVID-19 and significant losses, especially In the passenger transport. While preparing the article, the literature and available sources were searched and the methods of analysis and synthesis were used.

20

Functioning of selected airports in Poland

Macioszek Elżbieta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

|

z. 112

135--144

EN

Nowadays, air transport is treated as a dynamically developing sector of the world economy. The technological solutions used in this kind of transport are highly advanced; thus, generate high costs, ranging from research through production to the implementation phase. Due to its technological advancement, air transport has several significant advantages over other kinds of transport. This paper presents the characteristics of selected airports in Poland together with statistical data characterising the functioning of the airports. In addition, the plans in recent years regarding the development of air transport infrastructure in Poland were summarised.