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PL
Stan globalnego ekorozwoju jest na granicy katastrofy i musi być nieskończenie naprawiany, teraz i w przyszłości. W sposób ciągły należy prowadzić badania i oceniać występujące zagrożenia, z którymi należy się zmierzyć. Odnajdzie się w nim zarządzanie zestawem wielu podsystemów, które pracują w zmieniającym się otoczeniu wewnętrznym i zewnętrznym. System organizuje zarządzanie realizacją - budową, minimalizuje się przy tym ewentualne straty, oszczędza czas, kumuluje rezerwy i ogranicza ryzyko. Przedstawia się w ramach zadania inwestycyjnego, wykonanie kompleksowego zadania inwestycyjnego przynoszącego nieobliczalny efekt ekologiczny uzyskany za pomocą termicznej obróbki odpadów, w zmodyfikowanej technologii, dotychczas niespotykany w tej skali.
EN
The state of global ecodevelopment is on the edge of disaster and must be continually improved, now and in the future. The research must be conducted permanently and threats to be faced, must be continually evaluated. It will include the management of a range of multiple systems, which work in the changing internal and external environment. The system organises the management of the execution - the construction, minimising possible losses, saving time, accumulating reserves and limiting risk. Within the investment task a comprehensive investment is presented with a immeasurable ecological effect caused by thermic waste processing in a modified technology, on an unprecedented scale.
EN
This paper addresses collective emotional intelligence as a construct that establishes a relationship among members of an organisational community and how this is a path for improving firms' performance. It is based on the premise that several factors influence the selected to solve a problem in any decision-making process. In addition to analysing the practical values that the information provides, it is also subject to the emotional responses that the decision-makers may have. These samples make up the emotional intelligence transferred from individuals and their organisational interactions to the organisation itself. This paper seeks to find the relationship between the variables of Collective Emotional Intelligence (CEI) with Subjective Well-Being (SWB) and Perceived Happiness (HP). To this end, a data collection instrument was applied to 384 workers in technology-based companies in northern Mexico. A descriptive, correlational, and multivariate analysis, including SEM study, was carried out to validate the hypotheses. The results validate the importance of SWB and HP in developing CEI and suggest specific actions on workers' perceptions. These actions meet expectations and requirements expressed by workers and aim to increase organizational intelligence and CEI to improve decisionmaking.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł omawia zbiorową inteligencję emocjonalną jako konstrukt, który ustanawia relacje pomiędzy członkami społeczności organizacyjnej oraz wskazuje dlaczego jest to ścieżka do poprawy wyników firm. Opiera się na założeniu, że na wybór rozwiązania problemu w dowolnym procesie decyzyjnym wpływa kilka czynników. Poza analizą praktycznych wartości, których dostarczają informacje, podlegają one również reakcjom emocjonalnym, które mogą wystąpić u decydentów. . Próbki te składają się na inteligencję emocjonalną przeniesioną z jednostek i ich interakcji organizacyjnych na samą organizację. W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę znalezienia związku między zmiennymi zbiorowej inteligencji emocjonalnej (CEI) z subiektywnym dobrostanem (SWB) i postrzeganym szczęściem (HP). W tym celu zastosowano narzędzie do gromadzenia danych w odniesieniu do 384 pracowników firm technologicznych w północnym Meksyku. W celu potwierdzenia hipotez przeprowadzono analizę opisową, korelacyjną i wielowymiarową , w tym badanie SEM. Wyniki potwierdzają znaczenie SWB i HP w rozwoju CEI i sugerują konkretne działania w zakresie postrzegania pracowników. Działania te spełniają oczekiwania i wymagania wyrażone przez pracowników i mają na celu zwiększenie inteligencji organizacyjnej i CEI w celu usprawnienia procesu decyzyjnego.
EN
The paper aims to present commercialisation models for advanced technologies and services which can be applied in an R&D organisation. Against the background of the literature review on theoretical and practically verified commercialisation models, and marketing strategies and tools, the authors propose an original model, 7MWwBP, composed of several hybrid submodels. The model is intended to support commercialisation processes carried out at R&D organisations. The model is based on the input criteria (the type of innovation and the character of the innovation related to the market demand scale), and it indicates possible commercialisation paths (sale, licence, provision of a service, or a spin-off) and sets of dedicated marketing tools (BTL). The advantage of the model is that an R&D result (innovation) is its focal point, and the whole commercialisation process depends on it. The model aims to mitigate an empirical and research gap as regards commercialisation models suitable for R&D organisations. Furthermore, the model is distinguished by a holistic approach, which is not common for the commercialisation models described in the literature, as they do not comprehensively consider the relationship between the models and the type and character of a technological solution, commercialisation path, and the marketing tools used for commercialisation of R&D results. All the listed aspects are considered and included in the 7MWwBP model, which makes it suitable for the commercialisation of R&D results originating from research organisations, as presented in and substantiated by the example of an actual commercialisation process concerning R&D results in the field of optomechatronics.
EN
During several recent years an increasing interest concerning behavior of various gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons mixtures with neat gaseous hydrogen is observed. The phase equilibria as well as flow properties have been studied and some practical implementations indicated. The main practical idea consists in a possibility to use such mixtures as a replacement for pure hydrocarbons actually used as the energy source. Application of hydrogen enriched mixtures seem to be a temporary solution for gradual decarbonization of energy resources. The advantage of such approach may consist in much smaller requirements for investment in various aspect of infrastructure needed for handling the fuels. The present work is devoted to computer simulation of carbon dioxide emissions for several scenarios based on different compositions of hydrogen mixtures with hydrocarbons. The simulations include estimation of calorific value of the mixture and composition of exhaust gases emitted after its combustion. The simulation, based on s.c. logistic function, evaluates several variants of time dependence of new fuels implementation, and consequently time dependence of changes in composition of emissions to atmosphere. The simulation can be used for choosing the ways of practical implementation management.
5
Content available Forecasting the Development of RFID Technology
EN
Industry 4.0 (I4) as a concept offers powerful opportunities for many businesses. The set of Industry 4.0 technologies is still discussed, and boundaries are not perfectly clear. However, implementation of Industry 4.0 concept becomes strategic principle, and necessary condition for succeeding on turbulent markets. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) was used before I4 emerged. However, it should be treated as its important part and even enabler. The question arises how adoption of RFID was impacted by I4 paradigm. Therefore, to answer this question a set of technology management tools was selected and applied to forecast RFID potential development in forthcoming years. Moreover, case studies were conducted for technology management tools and their applications for RFID for qualitative discussion of its relevance. It aimed to prove that existing toolset should be applied for modern technologies related to I4. Tools were proven to be necessary and successful. However, some specific challenges were observed and discussed.
6
EN
This analysis aimed to investigate the factors influencing the behavioural intention to use Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in Thailand and Pakistan. The study was geared towards exploring the MOOCs, a relatively new technology platform allowing the spread of education and learning in various areas and fields and surpassing traditional online courses. The study adopted the UTAUT model with additional two variables of perceived autonomy and absorptive capacity. A quantitative method was applied using primary data collected from a sample of 490 and 513 respondents from Thailand and Pakistan, respectively. The sample size was composed of students in institutions of higher learning who were aware of MOOCs or intended to use them in their studies. The analysis was conducted using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and multi-group structural equation modelling (SEM). The study found that four variables (social influence, absorptive capacity, facilitating conditions and perceived autonomy) significantly influence the student intention to use MOOCs in Thailand and Pakistan. However, two variables (performance expectancy and effort expectancy) did not influence the student intention to use MOOCs in Thailand and Pakistan. The results indicated that the findings between the two countries were invariant. This study extended the model by Venkatesh et al. (2003), including two additional variables, the perceived autonomy and absorptive capacity. The study indicated various aspects related to the response of students using MOOCs. This study is especially beneficial during the COVID-19 pandemic for determining factors that officials of higher institutions of learning should consider when implementing MOOCs and associated online learning programs to deliver quality education to students.
EN
Within this paper, we set up an exploratory interview study to examine the impact of digital technologies on the way employees work as well as the specific opportunities and challenges SMEs are facing. We show that digitalization has already triggered a wide range of changes. The individual extent of these changes as well as the perception of technological trends varies for each employee and each company depending on the context. Our study also shows that the SMEs interviewed have applied a wide range of tools and strategies to exploit the opportunities of digital technologies and to overcome the associated challenges.
PL
Celem artykułu jest diagnoza czynników krytycznych wpływających na zarządzanie programem utrzymania aplikacji multimedialnej w przedsiębiorstwie średniej wielkości. Badanie przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem metody studium przypadku, obserwacji uczestniczącej, analizy dokumentacji i wywiadów bezpośrednich. Zaprezentowane rezultaty pozwalają lepiej zrozumieć procesy zachodzące w przedsiębiorstwie podczas realizacji programu utrzymania aplikacji multimedialnej. W artykule przedstawiono zidentyfikowane czynniki krytyczne oraz zaproponowano zmiany pozwalające je zneutralizować.
EN
In the article, the author tries to answer the question: what critical factors influence the management of a multimedia application maintenance program in a medium-sized enterprise? The research was conducted according to case study methodology. The author used the following methods: participant observation, documentation analysis, and face-to-face interviews. The results of this research help us to better understand the processes in the enterprise during the implementation of the application maintenance program. The study identified critical factors and proposed changes.
EN
Too often traditional internal patent management strategies are used, while the exploitation of the newer notion of external patenting would allow to capture greater value. Therefore, the aim of this article is to identify and analyse the most common external patent exploitation motives and its forms. The research method applied is the literature review in the area of strategic management. As the analysis has shown, the motives of external patent exploitation can be divided into strategic (internal and external) and monetary motives, which allowed their clearer depiction. The most popular forms of external patent exploitation are: licensing out, cross-licensing, patent pools, patent selling, joint ventures and strategic alliances. Their use is dependent on multiple factors and connected with specific advantages and risks, as exemplified in the article.
PL
Zaprezentowano analizę zastosowania elementów Przemysłu 4.0 w modelowaniu procesów innowacyjnych w przemyśle chemicznym. Analiza ta wskazała obszary, które w procesach innowacyjnych umożliwiają zastosowanie rozwiązań Przemysłu 4.0, ale wymagają także dodatkowych działań, np. kontrolnych, na wczesnym etapie ich wdrażania. Analiza wskazała także zarówno spodziewane, jak i wstępnie osiągnięte efekty zastosowania rozwiązań Przemysłu 4.0 przez badane przedsiębiorstwa.
EN
Readiness of Polish chem. enterprises to implement the elements of Industry 4.0 in their industrial practice was tested by a poll. Eleven representatives of 6 enterprises answered to the inquiry. The anal. of the operational effects was found the most important tool for increasing the prodn. efficiency. An improvement of resources utilization and a reduction of prodn. costs were mostly expected as results of the Industry 4.0 implementation.
EN
Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) is an emerging paradigm and a novel approach to governing science and innovation with the aim of making them ethically acceptable and socially desirable. RRI concept has become a popular term as a result of making it a cross-cutting theme for the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme. Up to date, research on the topic has focused on conceptual problems (relation with similar concepts as well as ethical, moral, philosophical, cultural underpinnings and assumptions) and on the possibilities of making the concept relevant to the Research & Innovation community in Europe and worldwide. Despite some initial efforts, there is still a need to further develop methods and techniques that could make RRI a useful framework for conducting innovation activities, especially in the business environment. The aim of this paper is to propose a range of approaches that help operationalise RRI. The approaches employ methods such as weighted indicators, maturity models and scorecards.
EN
The development of enterprises in the globalised world depends on their development potential and ability to compete with other entities. Of key importance in the field of competitiveness is access to innovative technologies providing a competitive advantage and the ability to cooperate in their acquisition with other entities, e.g. in clusters. The authors attempted to identify the sources of technology and financing options used by companies in the metal processing industry. The studied entities are part of a cluster of national importance, and the adopted research method is based on an interview questionnaire. Studies have shown that most companies buy ready-made solutions and to a lesser extent cooperate in acquiring technology. Noticeable is also a relatively large share of financing investments in new technologies from public funds.
EN
Background: The paper presents recent results of the ongoing collaborative research project "MyCPS" (Human-centered development and application of Cyber-Physical Systems). Methods: Within the scope of the project, 14 partners, amongst seven industrial partners, develop methods and tools to set-up applications of intelligent digitalization and automation of industrial processes. Results: Within the paper they are over 385 use cases evaluated according to comparative criteria. Furthermore, use cases were classified due to their development stage of industry 4.0 goals and promises. The three levels 'information', 'interaction' and 'intelligence' are used to differentiate applications according to their degree of maturity in industry 4.0 terms. Conclusion: In MyCPS, special emphasis is the role of the workforce and the interactions of the technology-led use cases with employees. Thereby, the analysis helps enterprises and researchers to self-assess key-aspects of the development of industry 4.0 use cases.
PL
Wstęp: Praca przedstawia wyniki prac w ramach projektu badawczego "MyCPS" (Humancentered development and application of Cyber-Physical Systems). Metody: W ramach projektu, 14 partnerów, w tym siedmiu będących przedstawicielami przemysłu, opracowało metody i narzędzia do zastosowania aplikacji dla inteligentnej digitalizacji i automatyzacji procesów przemysłowych. Wyniki: Poddano ocenie porównawczej 385 przypadków. Zostały one sklasyfikowane według poziomu rozwoju celów Industry 4.0. Trójpoziomową "informację", "połączenie" oraz "inteligencję" użyto dla rozróżnienia aplikacji według poziomu ich dojrzałości w ujęciu Industry 4.0. Wnioski: W projekcie MyCPS specjalną uwagę zwrócono na rolę siły roboczej oraz interakcji rozwiązań technologicznych z pracownikami. Dzięki temu, analiza pomaga przedsiębiorstwom oraz badaczom na ocenę kluczowych aspektów w rozwoju Industry 4.0.
EN
Background: The paper addresses common difficulties of understanding the scope and the underlying technologies of "Industry 4.0". Existing definitions comprise a variety of technologies and applications, processes as well as business models. Their difficult differentiation has led to a complicated understanding of the topic altogether. Therefore, this study aims at a structuring of the scope of "Industry 4.0" using the average importance of its underlying technologies, as it is represented in 38 survey publications dedicated on Industry 4.0. Methods: Based on a review of existing survey literature on Industry 4.0, relevant technologies are identified. Next, these technologies are recapped in five technology areas. Furthermore, all technologies are assessed according to their relevance to Industry 4.0 using citation indices of the respective publication. Finally, two-dimensional figures are used to present an overview structure of all cited technologies, their structural connections and their relevance. In summary, a structuring of "Industry 4.0" through the cited technologies and their evolution over the years 2013 until 2016 is displayed to facilitate the understanding of significant research trends and promising application areas within "Industry 4.0". Conclusion: Compared to existing reviews and empirical approaches on the topic, this paper focusses on a review of survey literature specifically dedicated to an understanding of the concept of Industry 4.0. The results allow an overview of the respective relevance of technologies within the comprehensive scope of the topic. It shows the most often used technologies (web services with a relative importance of 3.46/5) as well as the evolvement of the importance of each technology within the period of 2013-2016.
PL
Wstęp: Powszechnie można się spotkać z trudnościami ze zrozumieniem pojęcia Industry 4.0 zarówno pod względem jego zakresu jak i związanych z nim technologii. Istniejące definicje obejmują różne technologie, aplikacje, procesy jak i modele biznesowe. Ich skomplikowane rozgraniczenie prowadzi do trudności ze zrozumieniem całości zagadnienia. Celem tej pracy jest ustrukturyzowanie zakresu Industry 4.0. poprzez zastosowanie średniej ważności powiązanych technologii w oparciu o 38 prac badawczych poświęconych zagadnieniu Industry 4.0. Metody: W oparciu o analizę istniejącej literatury naukowej, zidentyfikowano istotne technologie. Następnie, technologie te zostały uporządkowane w pięć obszarów technologicznych. Dodatkowo, wszystkie technologie zostały oszacowane w odniesieniu do ich istotności dla Industry 4.0 w oparciu o wskaźnik cytowalności odpowiedniej publikacji. W kolejnym kroku, dwuwymiarowe dane zostały użyte do zaprezentowania przeglądowej struktury wszystkich cytowanych technologii, ich strukturalnych połączeń i istotności. Następnie zaprezentowano strukturę Industry 4.0 poprzez cytowane technologie i ich ewolucję w latach 2013-2016 w celu ułatwienia zrozumienia istotnych trendów badań jak i obiecujących obszarów aplikacji związanych z Industry 4.0. Wnioski: W porównaniu do istniejących analiz porównawczych i podejść empirycznych, prezentowana praca skupia się na przeglądzie i analizie literatury z naciskiem na zrozumienie koncepcji Industry 4.0. Wyniki umożliwiają przegląd odpowiednich istotności technologii w obrębie badanego obszaru tematycznego. Prezentuje najczęściej stosowane technologie (usługi sieciowe ze względną ważnością 3,46/5) jak również rozwój istotności każdej z technologii w okresie 2013-16.
EN
The article presents the characteristics of a wide set of research methods used in prospective analysis known as foresight. Explorative and normative, quantitative and qualitative methods as well as techniques based on expert and assumptions were described in detail. The paper also describes the broader context of the notion of technological foresight and describes differences in this concept in relation to technology management.
EN
The objective of the analysis conducted and described in this article was to take a closer perspective of the contemporary research trends that refer to the discipline of technology management. The Author based the analysis on keywords defined by the authors of the publications that refer issues of technology management. Scopus was the database which provided data for the analysis. The Author focused on publications indexed in the selected database in 2011-2016. The resulting database keywords have been ordered and partially aggregated. Based on them, the VOSviewer tool was used to prepare a graphical presentation of frequency and co-occurrence with the rest of the analysed group. The analysis led to an indication of current research trends within the discipline of technology management.
EN
The main purpose of this work is to identify the factors that influence the process of technology management in the sector of small- and medium-sized enterprises of the metal processing industry, considering the shape and course required to achieve modern operation conditions by enterprises in the market. The research process used the case study method, which was preceded by study visits to manufacturing enterprises, direct interviews with representatives of the management and employees of enterprises, and observations of the processing conditions. The result of the research was the identification of technologies available and used in the analysed enterprises. It defines the process of technology management as well as the internal and external factors influencing this process and defines the timeline for the process of technology management. The obtained results are the effect of the preliminary research, whose outcome will result in the development of issues related to technology management. They will be used to create a model of technology management, the assumptions of which will respond to modern needs and possibilities of manufacturing enterprises of the metal processing industry. The model can be used for practical application aimed at the provision of enterprises with innovation and competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets.
PL
Publikacja koncentruje się na problematyce narzędzi wspierających wprowadzanie koncepcji inteligentnych specjalizacji. W celu dobrej identyfikacji technologii, które mogą być zastosowane w ramach inteligentnych specjalizacji należy stosować różne narzędzia diagnostyczne, takie jak np.: analizy wskaźnikowe, plany działania w zakresie rozwoju nowych technologii, metoda SWOT, metoda foresight, itp. Celem niniejszej publikacji jest analiza podstawowych narzędzi, jakie są stosowane w procesie diagnozowania inteligentnych specjalizacji. W szczególności skoncentrowano się na analizie marszrut rozwoju technologii jako narzędzia szczególnie przydatnego w zakresie identyfikacji inteligentnych specjalizacji w regionie.
EN
The publication focuses on the issue of tools supporting the introduction of the concept of smart specialization. In order to properly identify technology that can be applied in the context of smart specialization it need to be used various diagnostic tools, such as: indicator analysis, action plans for the development of new technologies, SWOT method, foresight method, etc. The purpose of this paperis the analysis of the basic tools that are used in the process of diagnosing the smart specialization. In particular, the paper focuses on the analysis of technology road mapping as a very useful tool in the identification of the smart specialization in the region.
PL
Za cel artykułu przyjęto usystematyzowanie wiedzy z zakresu rozumienia pojęcia technologii oraz przybliżenie procesu zarządzania technologią. Zwrócono uwagę na współczesne, systemowe ujęcie technologii oraz dokonano identyfikacji komponentów systemu technologicznego. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono także na jedno ze współczesnych narzędzi wspomagających działania w zakresie zarządzania technologią, jakim jest foresight technologiczny. W artykule wyodrębniono również wspólne płaszczyzny procesu zarządzania technologią oraz badań foresightu technologicznego.
EN
The aim of the article was to systematize the knowledge that is concerned with understanding the concept of technology and is a closer look at the process of technology management. Special attention was drawn to contemporary systemic perspective on technology and technological components of the technology system. The author also drew particular attention to one of the tools supporting activities with in technology management, which is called technological foresight. In this paper, there have been also identified common layers of the process of technology management and technology foresight research.
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