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  1. 24 Górnictwo Odkrywkowe
  2. 12 Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
  3. 12 Current Problems of Biomechanics
  4. 12 Modelling in Engineering
  5. 12 Modelowanie Inżynierskie
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  1. 11 Rusiński E.
  2. 6 Karliński J.
  3. 6 Smolnicki T.
  4. 5 Czmochowski J.
  5. 5 Wolański W.
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  1. 2 2023
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1
Content available Analysis of changes in the strength of the space frame of the formula Student Vehicle
Fabiś Paweł, Leoniewski Władysław, Czapla Andrzej, Kler Krzysztof
Transport Samochodowy
|
2023
|
z. 1
29--36
EN
The study presents the design process and analysis of the spatial structure of the Formula Student vehicle. An important issue is such a concept of the vehicle frame that it is possible to design an optimal version of the front and rear axle suspension. Therefore, an important element of the design is the correct geometry of the frame around the mounting points of the front and rear suspension, and it will allow the use of electric vehicle drive. The analysis of the current frame structure has been compared to the previous structures created in the Silesia Automotive Student Science Club. Particular attention was paid to the weight of the element and its strength properties, and these parameters received the most attention.
PL
W opracowaniu przedstawiono proces projektowania oraz analizę struktury przestrzennej pojazdu Formuły Student. Istotną kwestią jest taka koncepcja ramy pojazdu, aby możliwe było zaprojektowanie optymalnej wersji zawieszenia przedniej i tylnej osi. Dlatego ważnym elementem konstrukcji jest odpowiednia geometria ramy wokół punktów mocowania przedniego i tylnego zawieszenia, która pozwoli na wykorzystanie napędu pojazdu elektrycznego. Analizę obecnej konstrukcji ramowej porównano z poprzednimi konstrukcjami powstałymi w Śląskim Studenckim Motoryzacyjnym Kole Naukowym. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wagę elementu oraz jego właściwości wytrzymałościowe i tym właśnie parametrom poświęcono najwięcej uwagi.
2
Content available Research on an Innovative FLEX Bicycle Frame with a Softtail Vibration Damping System
Kuczek Łukasz, Marczak Paweł, Muzykiewicz Wacław, Mroczkowski Marcin, Paćko Paweł, Drop Dawid
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
|
2023
|
Vol. 17, no 1
290--303
EN
Bicycles are gaining more and more popularity, especially in crowded cities where there is a problem with traffic jams and a limited number of parking spaces. The bicycles are also often used by mountain bikers during riding on off-road trails. In both cases, the important parameters are the stiffness of the bicycle frame, the weight of the bicycle, but also driving comfort. To improve comfort and reduce vibrations in the bicycle frame both front and rear shock absorbers are used. The use of traditional shock absorbers increase the weight of the bike and its price. The work characterizes a modern damping system, Softtail type, designed by AG Motors. In this case, the damping element (elastomer) was placed directly in the rear fork. Analyses of polyurethanes of various hardness were carried out in terms of the possibility of using them as a vibration damper. A numerical and experimental analysis of the bicycle frame was performed, adapted to the a new shock-absorber system. Strength, fatigue and impact tests were carried out in accordance with the relevant bicycle standards. Research has shown that the frame bicycle with the Softtail system, meets the requirements of the standards.
3
Content available Strength analysis of a prototype composite helicopter rotor blade spar
Kliza Rafał, Ścisłowski Karol, Siadkowska Ksenia, Padyjasek Jacek, Wendeker Mirosław
Applied Computer Science
|
2022
|
Vol. 18, no 1
5--19
EN
This paper investigates the strenght of a conceptual main rotor blade dedicated to an unmanned helicopter. The blade is made of smart materials in order to optimize the efficiency of the aircraft by increasing its aerodynamic performance. This purpose was achieved by performing a series of strength calculations for the blade of a prototype main rotor used in an unmanned helicopter. The calculations were done with the Finite Element Method (FEM) and software like CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) which uses advanced techniques of computer modeling of load in composite structures. Our analysis included CAD (Computer-Aided Design) modeling the rotor blade, importing the solid model into the CAE software, defining the simulation boundary conditions and performing strength calculations of the blade spar for selected materials used in aviation, i.e. fiberglass and carbon fiber laminate. This paper presents the results and analysis of the numerical calculations.
4
Content available Strength analysis of an off-road lorry frame
Dižo Ján, Blatnický Miroslav, Droździel Pawel, Semenov Stanislav, Mikhailov Evgeniy, Kurtulík Jakub
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
|
2021
|
z. 110
23--33
EN
The lorry frame is the main carrying part of a lorry, composed of several components. These components are connected by joints into one structural unit and it forms the lorry chassis. The contribution of this article is focused on thestrength analyses of a backbone frame, which is used on an off-road lorry chassis. Strength analyses are carried out utilising the finite element method. This article presents a created three-dimensional model of the frame and definition of boundary conditions (loads, the definition of degrees of freedom) needed for simulation computations. Results of the numerical calculations are the main parts of this article. Attention is mainly centred on the distribution of stresses of the frame under defined loads and its deformations.
5
Content available Finite element fatigue analysis of unsupported crane
Buczkowski Ryszard, Żyliński Bartłomiej
Polish Maritime Research
|
2021
|
nr 1
127--135
EN
The presented strength and fatigue calculations refer to an unsupported deck crane and its three distinct parts: housing, jib and column. Static loads applied to the structure were due to the crane’s own weight and a maximum working load, corresponding to a maximum lifting capacity at a maximum outreach of the crane. The numerical analysis was aimed at determining the thickness of the skin plating of the column and the number, shape and distribution of stiffeners in the column, housing and jib, ensuring that the crane yields correct strength and fatigue parameters. During the process of designing marine structures, the standard numerical analysis is, in many cases, limited to calculations in the basic strength range. Even when using numerical methods of analysis, complex strength and fatigue calculations are often not performed. The modern numerical analysis chain for marine structures should concentrate not only on strength analysis, but should take a further step, which encompasses fatigue analysis. The article presents a new outlook on design methods, which should be the entry point to the design of marine structures. Based on the acquired number of cycles of fatigue life, it is possible to estimate, with a sufficient degree of accuracy, the practical service life of a structure. To solve the problem, the authors used the finite element analysis software ABAQUS supported by the fe-safe system.
6
Content available Strength analysis for cycloidal gears with the new concept of power transmissions
Biernacki Krzysztof
Mining Machines
|
2021
|
no. 4
25--36
EN
The article presents a new design solution of hydraulic gerotor machines. The main attention was paid to the analysis of strain behaviour of a cycloidal gear set. The gears are the main assemblies of hydraulic gerotor machines, which are powered by driving the gear set. In the state of the art, the rotational motion of the gear set was effected by driving the inner gear. This article proposes a modified method of power transmission in which the outer gear is now a driving gear. Such a solution also results in modifications to the hydraulic machine design. This have led to a concept of a new hydraulic gerotor machine, which differs from the traditional designs. The device according to the new design is capable of carrying substantially higher loads than devices of the previous designs.
7
Content available Numerical strength study of ultra-light composite seat frame destined to passengers transport
Czechowski Leszek, Kotełko Maria, Jankowski Marcin
Archiwum Motoryzacji
|
2021
|
Vol. 94, nr 4
5--15
EN
The paper concerns numerical study of the ultra-light seat frame serving transported patients in ambulance. The structure of seat was designed to be built of the carbon fibers, aluminium and steel. The present prototype distinguishes itself with low mass and high strength. During modelling, the stress state and displacement state were verified based on requirements according to regulation ECE14. In simulation, solid, beam and connection elements were employed to consider all the parts of structures. The analysis of the stress state verification based on the assumptions of boundary conditions close to regulation ECE14. The isotropic materials were considered to be in elastic range. In case of composite materials, TSAI-WU (TSW) criterion for assessment of strength was taken into account. Five different variants of seat were taken into consideration to indicate the differences between them. The paper includes the results of analysis of composite structure under static loads which were shown and discussed.
8
Content available An Influence of Geometrical Parameters of the Lock of the Blade-Disc Joint on Stress in the FEA and DIC Methods
Kozakiewicz Adam, Grzejszczak Olga
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
|
2021
|
Vol. 15, no 1
209--217
EN
In this paper, an assessment of strength properties of the existing blade-disc dovetail joint was presented, taking the parametric optimization of its geometry. A sensitivity of the analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between the selected geometric parameters and strength properties of the structure questioned. The results from experiments and computer simulations were compared. In addition, the fatigue life of the structure was analyzed for different materials and using the change of speed ranges and parameterization of geometry.
9
Content available Effect of Changing the Parameters of the Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) Process on the Spatial Objects Produced
Cader Maciej, Kiński Wojciech
Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa
|
2020
|
Vol. 11, Nr 4 (42)
61--72
EN
This paper describes the principle of operation of Multi Jet Fusion (MFJ) technology in detail. Hybrid strength tests were carried out using an INSTRON 5967 universal testing machine controlled by the Bluehill 3 program and coupled with the ARAMIS measurement system (GOM, Gmbh), enabling the monitoring of deformations in three axes, using a system of high-speed cameras. The results are given of the static tensile test of samples in two printing modes characteristic of the MJF technology – FAST and BALANCE.
PL
W artykule szczegółowo omówiono zasadę działania technologii Multi Jet Fusion. Przeprowadzone zostały hybrydowe badania wytrzymałościowe maszyną wytrzymałościową typu INSTRON 5967 sterowaną za pomocą programu Bluehill 3 oraz sprzężoną z systemem pomiarowym ARAMIS (GOM, Gmbh), umożliwiającym monitorowanie odkształceń w trzech osiach, przy wykorzystaniu systemu szybkich kamer. Przedstawione zostały wyniki badań testu statycznej próby rozciągania próbek w dwóch charakterystycznych dla technologii MJF trybach drukowania – z ang. FAST i z ang. BALANCE.
10
Symulator warunków drogowych MTS 320 road symulator jako nowoczesne narzędzie do badania naczep i przyczep
Januszka Marcin, Kaczor Maciej, Napierała Rafał
Modelowanie Inżynierskie
|
2020
|
T. 41, nr 72
10--17
PL
Dostarczanie nowych, innowacyjnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych w obszarze wytwarzania pojazdów użytkowych do transportu, m.in. przyczep oraz naczep, jest trudnym i długotrwałym procesem. Nowe pojazdy muszą spełniać szereg wymagań pod względem bezpieczeństwa, trwałości oraz niezawodności. Ostatnim etapem związanym z wprowadzeniem nowego pojazdu na rynek są badania walidacyjne, które przeprowadzane tradycyjnym sposobem pochłaniają dużo czasu oraz generują dodatkowe koszty. Symulator warunków drogowych, który znajduje się w Centrum Badawczo-Rozwojowym firmy Wielton, umożliwia przeprowadzenie badań walidacyjnych produktów prototypowych w znacznie krótszym czasie. Dzięki odzwierciedleniu warunków panujących w czasie jazdy po drogach, dla których dany produkt został zaprojektowany, możliwe jest określenie trwałości oraz niezawodności konstrukcji tegoż pojazdu. W pracy przedstawiono przegląd wykorzystywanych symulatorów drogi. Przybliżono budowę oraz możliwości stanowiska badawczego wykorzystywanego w firmie Wielton. Stanowisko wymaga określenia optymalnych parametrów dla odwzorowania warunków rzeczywistych pracy pojazdów, co jest przedmiotem prowadzonych przez autorów prac badawczych. W artykule przedstawiono ogólny proces walidacyjny przeprowadzany z wykorzystaniem tego stanowiska badawczego.
EN
Providing new innovative construction Solutions in the field of manufacturing commercial vehicles for transporting among others trailers and semi-trailers is a difficult and long-lasting process. New vehicles must meet a number of reąuirements in terms of safety, durability and reliability. The finał stage associated with the introduction of a new vehicle on the market are validation tests, which carried out in a traditional way, consume a lot of time and generate additional costs. The road conditions Simulator, which is located in the Wielton Research and Develop- ment Center, enables validation testing of prototype products in a much shorter time. By reflecting the conditions prevailing while driving on roads for which a given product has been designed, it is possible to determine the du¬ rability and reliability of this vehicle's construction. The work presents an overview of the used road simulators. The construction and capabilities of the research station used in the Wielton company were approximated. The road Simulator reąuires determining optimal parameters for simulating the real conditions of vehicle operation and this is a main issue of research work realised by the authors. The generał validation process carried out with the use of this research station has been presented.
11
Koncepcja metodologii badań naczep samochodowych
Gąsiorek Damian, Napierała Rafał, Pawlak Mariusz
Modelowanie Inżynierskie
|
2020
|
T. 41, nr 72
5--9
PL
W pracy przedstawiono koncepcję metodyki badań naczep samochodowych. Zakłada ona zastosowanie analiz numerycznych oraz badań eksperymentalnych. Proces rozpoczynany będzie od uproszczenia modelu 3D naczepy. W drugim kroku nastąpi parametryzacja geometrii umożliwiająca automatyczną aktualizację całej postaci konstrukcyjnej. W kolejnym etapie przeprowadzona zostanie analiza wytrzymałościowa. Jej wyniki posłużą do kalibracji modelu numerycznego na podstawie danych otrzymanych z testów doświadczalnych. Posługując się tak przygotowanym narzędziem, zostanie wykonana seria analiz numerycznych dla różnych zestawów parametrów. Analiza wrażliwości wyników wskaże grupę parametrów, które w największym stopniu wpływają na kluczowe cechy pojazdu. Aplikując je do wybranej metody optymalizacji, otrzyma się nową postać konstrukcyjną naczepy, spełniającą założone kryteria. Po wykonaniu prototypu naczepa przejdzie serię badań doświadczalnych w Centrum Badań i Rozwoju Wielton, gdzie zweryfikuje się jej wytrzymałość oraz trwałość, potwierdzając jednocześnie poprawność opracowanej metodyki. Głównym narzędziem badawczym na tym etapie będzie symulator drogi MTS 320 Road Simulator, umożliwiający testy gotowych pojazdów, w tym naczep.
EN
The work presents the concept of a research methodology for semi-trailers vehicles. The methodology assumes the use of numerical analyzes and experimental research. The process begins with simplification of the semi-trailer model. In the second step, the geometry will be parameterized, which allows automatic updating of the entire construction. In the next stage, a strength analysis will be carried out. Its results will be used to calibrate the numerical model, based on data obtained from experimental tests. Using a such tool, a series of numerical analyzes will be performed for different sets of parameters. The sensitivity analysis of the results will indicate a group of parameters that have the greatest impact on the key features of the vehicle. Applying them to the chosen optimization method, a new constructional form of the trailer will be obtained, meeting the assumed criteria. After the prototype has been made, the semi-trailer will undergo a series of experimental tests at the R&D Centre in Wielton, verifying its strength and durability, and confirming the correctness of the developed methodology. The MTS 320 Road Simulator road Simulator will be used as the main research tool in that last stage of verification, allowing testing of complete vehicles, including semi-trailers.
12
Content available Strength analysis of critical components of high-pressure fuel pump with hypocycloid drive
Bajerlein M., Bor M., Karpiuk W., Smolec R., Spadło M.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
|
2020
|
Vol. 68, nr 6
1341--1350
EN
Most high-pressure fuel pumps for compression-ignition engines manufactured today are cam driven. These pumps have numerous advantages, such as low energy consumption and limited production costs. However, a problem arising from the nature of the cam mechanism is an unfavorable distribution of forces in the camshaft-plunger-cylinder system of a delivery section. The authors have proposed an innovative pump design that eliminates most of the problems present in conventional solutions. The pump utilizes a gear-based hypocycloid drive. This paper focuses mainly on the strength analysis of the two critical components (countershaft and mount) of the subassembly under the highest load – simulations were carried out for different critical load states. The following procedure of estimating fatigue life was adopted for computations: the operational evolution of stresses will be systematized to the set of amplitude stresses and mean stresses by means of the “Rainflow” method. The results obtained in the work showed that the main factor determining change of stresses was the presence of clearances in the pump mechanism. It has been proved that the values of clearances have a negative influence on the power transmission in particular – their presence results in loads being carried by the countershaft and not by the support inter-operating with it. This may cause frictional wear of teeth, leading to the improper operation of the transmission. The analysis showed that the mount was designed correctly. This facilitates the use of less demanding constructional materials.
13
Content available Investigating the factor of safety for the design of columns using properties of steel rebar's manufactured in Pakistan
Zaidi Safdar Abbas, Saeed Muhammad Arsalan, Haider Farhan
Archives of Civil Engineering
|
2020
|
Vol. 66, nr 3
191--208
EN
This paper includes the behaviour of RC column, using the steel strength data employed by Rafi et al. (2014). Eccentric short columns are studied for this purpose, both tension and compression controlled sections, are analysed considering the current design practice of Pakistan. Three cross sections were analysed using different steel percentages against load-moment interaction and the strength analyses. Concrete strength is also varied in this analysis. The load moment interaction diagrams were observed in major and minor axes and strength analysis is made for compression controlled and tension controlled sections. In this analysis it is observed that a section designed as a tension controlled is giving brittle failure at certain limit which should be avoided. Considering this scenario, several random cross sections are analysed, strength reduction factors for eccentric and pure axial columns are computed. Conclusions are made on behalf of this analysis for different types of column design.
14
Content available Investigating the factor of safety for the design of columns using properties of steel rebar’s manufactured in Pakistan
Zaidi Safdar Abbas, Saeed Muhammad Arsalan, Haider Farhan
Archives of Civil Engineering
|
2020
|
Vol. 66, nr 4
61--78
EN
This paper includes the behaviour of RC column, using the steel strength data employed by Rafi et al. (2014). Eccentric short columns are studied for this purpose, both tension and compression controlled sections, are analysed considering the current design practice of Pakistan. Three cross sections were analysed using different steel percentages against load-moment interaction and the strength analyses. Concrete strength is also varied in this analysis. The load moment interaction diagrams were observed in major and minor axes and strength analysis is made for compression controlled and tension controlled sections. In this analysis it is observed that a section designed as a tension controlled is giving brittle failure at certain limit which should be avoided. Considering this scenario, several random cross sections are analysed, strength reduction factors for eccentric and pure axial columns are computed. Conclusions are made on behalf of this analysis for different types of column design.
15
Content available Analiza numeryczna segmentu ruchowego odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa człowieka w przypadku wystąpienia kręgozmyku
Joszko Kamil, Machnia Karolina
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
|
2020
|
z. 20
45--53
PL
Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena obciążeń występujących w odcinku lędźwiowym kręgosłupa człowieka na poziomie L4-L5 dla schorzenia kręgozmyku. Modele numeryczne poszczególnych części segmentu ruchowego zostały wysegmentowane w oparciu o zdjęcia tomografii komputerowej. Następnie w oprogramowaniu MES przeprowadzono analizę numeryczną modelu kręgosłupa fizjologicznie prawidłowego oraz modeli z różnymi stopniami kręgozmyku w następującej skali: 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm oraz 12 mm.
EN
The research carried out a numerical analysis of the loads occurring in the lumbar spine at the L4-L5 level. The project started with modeling the spine diseases in the Inventor 2018 software for different values of spondylolisthesis. In ANSYS Workbench 2013, numerical simulations were performed: analysis of a physiologically correct model, analysis of the mathematical model of the spine with various degrees of spondylolisthesis (4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm). Models were verified on the basis of literature data.
16
Engineering design of main components of a door system for an underground railway vehicle
Blatnický Miroslav, Dižo Ján, Barta Dalibor, Droździel Paweł
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska
|
2019
|
z. 2/120
5--10
EN
This contribution is focused on an engineering design of main components of a door system intended to be mounted on an underground railway vehicle. The design has to take into account the operational and normative requirements for the underground railway vehicle's outer door. The design of main dimensions of a door will serve as input data for creation of a virtual model and it will be used to determine the load conditions for the numerical simulation in terms of strength. The aim is using this preparation to obtain all the necessary data entering the analytical calculations for setting up a parametric model, which will serve as a base for possible derivation of the designed structure.
PL
Głównym tematem pracy jest inżynierski projekt głównych elementów systemu drzwiowego przeznaczonego do zamontowania w podziemnym pojeździe kolejowym. Projekt musi uwzględniać wymagania operacyjne i normatywne dla zewnętrznych drzwi pojazdu kolejowego. Zaprojektowane główne wymiary drzwi posłużą jako dane wejściowe do stworzenia modelu wirtualnego, co zostanie wykorzystane do określenia warunków obciążenia dla symulacji numerycznej pod względem wytrzymałości. Celem jest wykorzystanie tych symulacji do uzyskania wszystkich niezbędnych danych wprowadzanych do obliczeń analitycznych w celu utworzenia modelu parametrycznego, który posłuży jako podstawa do wykonania zaprojektowanej struktury.
17
Content available The strength problems in the operation of drum hoist cages
Wolny Stanisław, Matachowski Filip, Drzewosz Agata
New Trends in Production Engineering
|
2019
|
Vol. 2, Iss. 1
441--449
EN
From information obtained from periodic surveys of cages used in the shaft of one of the Polish mines, it appears that the majority of registered damages of their supporting elements are fatigue cracks. These cracks are formed and develop mainly in main nodes or welds in the areas of their connection with the construction of the cage. In order to eliminate the causes of these damages and to increase the durability of cages, it will probably be necessary to reconstruct those fragments of the cages in which they occur. In order to determine loadings of load-bearing elements and the state of stress that arises in them during the operation of the device, a numerical model of the cage was developed. The results of the calculations made as well as their analysis form the basis for the assessment of the strength and durability of the load-bearing elements of the discussed cage. The key problem determining the durability of the structure – as shown by the analyzes carried out – is the method of constructing the connection of the strings with the appropriate elements of the cage. Changing this state requires significant structural changes of these nodes, which the authors of this study pointed out.
18
Content available Strength analysis of polymer conical gear wheel made with 3D printing technique
Śpiewak Szczepan, Awrejcewicz Jan
Journal of KONES
|
2019
|
Vol. 26, No. 3
235--242
EN
The article deals with the problem of designing conical gears with a curved line contour. The contour of the tooth flank is described by means of a helix and involutions. In the work, a conical gear designed to drive of the lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton has analysed. Parameters of the conical gearbox have been adapted to design requirements of the exoskeleton. Gear wheels were made with ABS material using 3D printing technique. The article presents the results of strength calculations obtained using the method classical design of the gear wheals described in the norm ISO 6336-1996. In the strength calculations, bending and contact stresses were taken into account. Creating the contour of gears was aided through the gearbox wizard available in Inventor program. The work contains the results of a static tensile test of the material from which the gear wheels were made. In experimental and numerical studies, the orthotropy of the material used was taken into account. The orthogonal values of the Young’s modulus, the Poisson’s ratio and the Kirchhoff’s modulus were determined. The publication also includes partial results of fatigue tests in the area of normal stresses. In the research used to finite element method (FEM), determine of internal loads in the gear. A structure of the FEM model is described in detail. Maximum values of contact pressures determined by use to FEM models have been compared with the results obtained on the basis of Hertz’s formulas. The article presents basic geometrical and strength parameters of the designed gear. The work demonstrates the validity of the material models used. Limitations in the application of the classic method of calculating conical gears made of orthotropic materials have been indicated. The results of analytical and numerical calculations are presented in tabular and graphical form.
19
Content available Modification and analyses of structural properties of a goods wagon bogie frame
Dižo Ján, Blatnický Miroslav, Harušinec Jozef, Falendysh Anatoliy
Diagnostyka
|
2019
|
Vol. 20, No. 1
41--48
EN
The contribution presents a modification of a goods wagon bogie frame. Every newly designed or significantly modified any support part of a railway bogie must meet strict criteria related to its strength and fatigue life. It presents key changes of the structure of an original goods wagon bogie frame, conditions and results strength analyses for unfavourable load cases, for which values of load forces come out from valid standards. The introductory part presents the original goods wagon bogie and the idea of its modification. In the next part analyses of structural properties (modal and stress analyses) are introduced. Simulation computations were carried out using Finite Element Method. Further, main load cases which all bogies must meet before commissioning and conditions for bogies approval are described. In simulation calculations a goods bogie frame was loaded in compliance with standards by four unfavourable load cases.
20
Content available The conditions for proper operation of the arch-rectangular support
Rotkegel Marek
Archives of Mining Sciences
|
2019
|
Vol. 64, no. 1
213--222
EN
Steel arch-rectangular support has a wide range of applications in Polish coal mines due to its asym-metrical shape. The frame has an arched outline on one side of the side wall, while on the opposite side it is rectangular. As a result, the support is ideal for securing set up room and recovery room. It can also be successfully used to secure three-way intersections of underground workings. To a large extent, however, the importance of these advantages is diminished by relatively low load-bearing parameters, resulting from a partially straight canopy, as well as the asymmetrical distribution of the load acting on the support in underground conditions. In order to ensure the proper and optimal operation of such frames, in addition to the standard requirements for roof supports, additional conditions must be met. The basic requirement is to support the end of the canopy on the corner of the excavation. This article presents examples of arch-rectangular supports, their applications as well as laboratory tests and strength analysis of the frames and its elements. These tests allowed the requirements regarding the construction of the frame, the selection of the support and the conditions of building in the excavation to be specified.
PL
Stalowa odrzwiowa obudowa łukowo-prostokątna znajduje w polskich kopalniach węgla kamiennego i ma szereg zastosowań, wynikających przede wszystkim z jej niesymetrycznego kształtu. Odrzwia po stronie jednego ociosu mają zarys łukowy, natomiast po stronie przeciwległego ociosu – prostokątny. Z tego względu idealnie nadają się do zabezpieczania rozcinek rozruchowych i kanałów likwidacyjnych ścian. Odrzwia powodzeniem mogą być także stosowane do zabezpieczania trójstronnych skrzyżowańwyrobisk korytarzowych. Jednak z znacznym stopniu wagę tych zalet pomniejszają niezbyt wysokie parametry podpornościowe, wynikające z częściowo prostoliniowej stropnicy, oraz niesymetryczny rozkład obciążenia działającego na odrzwia w warunkach dołowych. Dla zapewnienia właściwej i optymalnej pracy takich odrzwi oprócz standardowych wymagań dotyczących wykonywania obudo-wy konieczne jest spełnienie dodatkowych warunków. Podstawowym jest zapewnienie oparcia końca stropnicy o naroże wyrobiska. W artykule przedstawiono przykłady obudów łukowo-prostokątnych, ich zastosowania, a także badania stanowiskowe i analizę wytrzymałościową odrzwi i ich elementów. Badania te pozwoliły sprecyzowaćwymagania dotyczące konstrukcji odrzwi, doboru obudowy oraz zabudowy w wyrobisku.
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