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Solid State Synthesis of Europium Zirconate Based Material

Mikuśkiewicz M., Moskal G.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2019

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Vol. 64, iss. 4

1343--1352

EN

In the article, the characterization of the microstructure, phase composition and distribution of elements in the Eu2 O3 -ZrO2 sintered materials obtained by four different ways of powders’ homogenization (mixing) process and different temperature of sintering process is shown. The feedstock powders with an average mole ratio of ZrO2 to Eu2 O3 equal 74% to 26% were used as an initial material. The principal aim of the investigation was characterization of differences in the microstructure of the same type of ceramics, however, prepared via different mixing and manufacturing processes. The range of the investigation covered a characterization of these materials via phase identification of all samples by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and characterization of internal morphology of the specimens with detailed analysis of elements distributions by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy dispersive spectrometry). The aim of the following investigation is to characterize the possibilities of the solid state synthesis of the europium zirconate based materials, dedicated for TBC applications.

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Ceramiczne nadprzewodniki wysokotemperaturowe – otrzymywanie proszków YBa2Cu3O7-x metodami syntezy w fazie stałej i w plazmie

Szterner P., Pęczkowski P., Jaegermann Z.

Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych

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2017

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R. 10, nr 29

48--60

PL

Artykuł jest pracą przeglądową, stanowiąc kontynuację cyklu publikacji dotyczących ceramicznych nadprzewodników wysokotemperaturowych ze zwróceniem szczególnej uwagi na nadprzewodnik z rodziny miedzianów – YBa2Cu3O7-x. Związek YBa2Cu3O7-x nazywany jest też YBCO lub Y-123 ze względu na skład stechiometryczny. Należy on do najważniejszych materiałów ceramicznych o właściwościach nadprzewodzących. W artykule przedstawiono różne techniki otrzymania YBa2Cu3O7-x. Szczególny nacisk położono na zobrazowanie metod syntezy w fazie stałej i w plazmie oraz na scharakteryzowanie ich zalet i wad.

EN

This paper is a review and continuation series of articles on ceramic high-temperature superconductors with particular attention to the superconductor family of cuprates – YBa2Cu3O7-x. The YBa2Cu3O7-x compound, called also YBCO or Y-123 on account of stoichiometric composition, is one of the most important superconducting materials. In this paper, different methods useful for obtain YBa2Cu3O7-x powder have been presented. Particular emphasis was placed on method of synthesis in solid state and plasma and characterize their merits and flaws.

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Ceramiczne nadprzewodniki wysokotemperaturowe – otrzymywanie YBa2Cu3O7-x metodami prażenia

Szterner P., Pęczkowski P., Jaegermann Z.

Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych

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2017

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R. 10, nr 28

62--75

PL

Artykuł jest pracą przeglądową, stanowi kontynuację cyklu publikacji dotyczących ceramicznych nadprzewodników wysokotemperaturowych, ze zwróceniem szczególnej uwagi na nadprzewodnik z rodziny miedzianów YBa2Cu3O7-x (nazywany też YBCO lub Y-123). Należy on do najważniejszych ceramicznych materiałów nadprzewodzących. W artykule przedstawiono podział na różne techniki otrzymania YBa2Cu3O7-x, a bardziej szczegółowo opisano otrzymywanie YBCO konwencjonalną metodą prażenia.

EN

This review paper continues a series of articles on ceramic high-temperature superconductors, with particular attention to the superconductor family of cuprates YBa2Cu3O7-x. (called also YBCO or Y-123). It belongs to most important superconducting materials. In this paper, the division into different methods for obtaining YBCO ceramics have been presented. Conventional ceramic process for obtaining of YBCO, namely calcination, has been described in more detail.

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Synthesis and characterization of luminescent Er, Nd and Dy doped Ba3BP3O12

Çelik Gül G., Kurtuluş F.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 83, nr 2

68--73

EN

Purpose: Purpose of this study, our aim is high temperature based on synthesis method of barium borophosphate and doping with lanthanide type metals such as Er, Nd and Dy into the structure by solid state reaction. Design/methodology/approach: The starting materials rare earth oxides, barium carbonate, boric acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as analytically grade weighed 0.01:3:1:3 molar ratio and homogenized in an agate mortar. The mixture placed into a porcelain crucible to heat in high temperature oven step by step. First, mixtures waited at 400°C for 2 hours for calcination process, subsequently heated 900°C with step rate 10°C/m for 8 hours, and finally cooled down to room temperature with step rate 10°C/m. After many grindings final product get ready for characterization. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed using PANanalytical X’Pert PRO Diffractometer (XRD) with Cu Kα (1.5406 Å, 45 kV and 30 mA) radiation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was taken on a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrometer from 4000 to 650 cm-1. Scanning electron microscopy was achieved in SEM JEOL 6390-LV. Luminescence properties were performed by Andor Solis Sr 500i spectrophotometer. Conventional solid state syntheses were done in Protherm furnace. Findings: The XRD patterns of the samples show that 0.01 wt.% Er:Ba3BP3O12, 0.01 wt.% Nd:Ba3BP3O12 and 0.01 wt.% Dy:Ba3BP3O12 compounds were obtained as pure phase. When the pattern of the samples is compared to the International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) cards, it gets along with Ba3BP3O12 crystallized in tetragonal system In the XRD pattern of the samples, there is no reflection born of rare earth metal oxides. Research limitations/implications: The synthesis method has some disadvantages such as low homogeneity, non-uniform product etc. We tried to minimize these negative aspects in our research and succeeded. Practical implications: Implications Luminescent Er:Ba3BP3O12, Nd:Ba3BP3O12 and Dy:Ba3BP3O12 compounds were synthesized by conventional solid state method completely different from literature for the first time. The characterization was mainly based on powder X-ray diffraction pattern. Also, luminescence and morphological properties were determined. Originality/value: Value of the paper is first time conventional synthesis of Er, Nd and Dy doped Ba3BP3O12 compounds, calculation of unit cell parameters, and investigation of morphological and luminescent properties.

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Synteza w fazie stałej biologicznie czynnego analogu hormonu GH-RH potencjalnego leku w schorzeniach związanych z niedoborem hormonu wzrostu

Bańkowski K.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2006

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T. 85, nr 5

330-332

PL

Przedstawiono syntezę w fazie stałej 29-aminokwasowego peptydu A, analogu hormonu uwalniającego hormon wzrostu GH-RH. Właściwości biologiczne tego peptydu wskazują, że może on stać się cennym lekiem hormonalnym w leczeniu wszelkich schorzeń związanych z niedoborem hormonu wzrostu, np. karłowatości u dzieci. Opracowano formę farmaceutyczną dla tej substancji.

EN

A 100–200-mesh methoxybenzhydrylamine resin was used as a solid carrier. The first amino acid was introduced on the resin, and all 28 amino acids of peptide A were subsequently coupled, by the carbodiimide method. The a a a a a -amino function was protected with BOC group, and the side chains were blocked with the following groups: Asp, cyclohexyl; Ser and Thr, benzyl; and Tyr 2-bromobenzyloxycarbonyl. Boc(Fmoc)Lys were added at positions 11, 12, 20, 21 and 29 to have at further steps the analog contg. hArg in these positions. Boc was removed with 55% TFA in dichloromethane, and Fmoc was removed with 50% piperidine in DMF. After Fmoc was removed from Lys, the substituted guanidine group was introduced by the reaction with N,N’- bis(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-S-methylisothiourea in the presence of 4-(N,N N dimethylamino)pyridine. All Boc were removed from the fully protected peptidyl polymer by the reaction with trifluoroacetic acid. The remaining protecting groups left the peptide while it was cleaved from the resin with liq. HF. The HF was removed, the residue was washed with Et2O, and crude peptide was extd. with 50% AcOH and lyophilized. The acetate form was obtained on an ion-exchange resin and preparative HPLC gave 99.7% pure A. Polysulfonic filters were used during the preparation of the stable and reproducible pharmaceutical form of A, viz., an aq. lyophilizate (phosphate buffer) contg. 100 µg peptide A and mannitol per ampule. Peptide A was about a few score times as bioactive as the hGH-RH reference peptide, completely nontoxic in doses up to 120 ìg and resistant to enzymatic degradation, increased the level of hGH and the no. of somatotropic cells in animal pituitary glands, and affected no other pituitary hormones.