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1

Hot carrier photocurrent induced by 0.92 eV photon energy radiation in a Si solar cell

Zharchenko Ihor, Gradauskas Jonas, Masalskyi Oleksandr, Rodin Aleksej

Opto-Electronics Review

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2024

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Vol. 32, No. 2

art. no. e150181

EN

Absorption of the below-bandgap solar radiation and direct pre-thermalizational impact of a hot carrier (HC) on the operation of a single-junction solar cell are ignored by the Shockley-Queisser theory. The detrimental effect of the HC is generally accepted only via the thermalization-caused heating of the lattice. Here, the authors demonstrate experimental evidence of the HC photocurrent induced by the below-bandgap 0.92 eV photon energy radiation in an industrial silicon solar cell. The carriers are heated both through direct free-carrier absorption and by residual photon energy remaining after the electron-hole pair generation. The polarity of the HC photocurrent opposes that of the conventional generation photocurrent, indicating that the total current across the p-n junction is contingent upon the interplay between these two currents. A model of current-voltage characteristics analysis allowing us to obtain a reasonable value of the HC temperature was also proposed. This work is remarkable in two ways: first, it contributes to an understanding of HC phenomena in photovoltaic devices, and second, it prompts discussion of the HC photocurrent as a new intrinsic loss mechanism in solar cells.

2

Heat pipe-cooled highly-concentrated multi-junction solar cell

Turkestani Mohammed Al, Sabry Mohamed, Lashin Abdelrahman

Opto-Electronics Review

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2024

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Vol. 32, No. 2

art. no. e149393

EN

Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) systems have proven the capability of competing with traditional photovoltaic (PV) systems due to their high efficiency and low area occupancy. Such CPV systems require efficient heat removal auxiliary systems, especially for medium and high optical concentration ratios. Operating a CPV system under a high optical concentration (ratio > 200 X) might require active cooling techniques, which have high operating costs and maintenance. On the other hand, heat pipes (HPs) are widely used in electronic devices for cooling purposes. This work discusses the possibility of operating a CPV system coupled with HPs as a passive cooling technique. Two different HPs with different lengths are used to compare cooling efficiency. Each HP length was tested either in a single or double configuration. Long HPs showed better heat removal compared to a traditional fin-cooling system. CVP cooling with HP systems enhanced the entire electrical output of the cell, mainly at high optical concentration ratios.

3

Design of continuous water heater hybrid solar and gas system

Suwasti Sri, Djalal Muhammad Ruswandi

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 7

78--83

EN

Cooking water using LPG gas is practical and cleaner than using a firebox, but LPG gas is sourced from conventional energy so when the supply of petroleum mines runs out, LPG gas cannot be used anymore, while solar cells use heat from solar energy to meet various needs. very abundant and always there all the time. The purpose of this activity is to produce a continuous solar and gas hybrid system water heater, to know the working principle of the heater and to determine the performance of solar and gas cells in a solar and gas hybrid system continuous water heater. This activity method begins with the design design stage, followed by the manufacturing and assembling stages of the tool, performance testing and ends with the results of testing/data collection. From the test results, it was obtained the results of a continuous water heater hybrid system tool, a solar and gas hybrid system. The efficiency of solar panels is greatly influenced by the size of the intensity of solar radiation or weather. In testing the maximum solar panel efficiency tool is 16.68% with a solar radiation intensity of 1167 W/m2 and a minimum value of 7.28% with a solar radiation of 380 W /m2. The Hybrid system test is able to heat water up to 100 °C with varying efficiency depending on how long it has been used for the Heater and gas. But if you only use a heater, then the maximum water heating that can be achieved is 73.4 °C. This happens because by the time it reaches the water temperature, the power/voltage in the battery has reached its minimum limit (11 V) which is set on the LVD (Low Voltage Disconnect) so that the heater will turn off automatically and the gas (stove) will turn on automatically as well.

PL

Gotowanie wody na gazie LPG jest praktyczne i czystsze niż korzystanie z paleniska, ale gaz LPG jest pozyskiwany z konwencjonalnej energii, więc kiedy wyczerpią się zasoby kopalń ropy naftowej, gaz LPG nie może być już używany, podczas gdy ogniwa słoneczne wykorzystują ciepło z energii słonecznej do zaspokoić różne potrzeby. bardzo obfite i zawsze tam przez cały czas. Celem tego działania jest wyprodukowanie podgrzewacza wody w hybrydowym systemie solarnym i gazowym, poznanie zasady działania podgrzewacza oraz określenie wydajności ogniw słonecznych i gazowych w hybrydowym systemie solarnym i gazowym w ciągłym podgrzewaczu wody. Ta metoda działania zaczyna się od etapu projektowania projektu, następnie etapy wytwarzania i montażu narzędzia, testowania wydajności i kończy się na wynikach testów/gromadzeniu danych. Na podstawie wyników badań uzyskano wyniki działania narzędzia hybrydowego systemu ciągłego podgrzewacza wody, hybrydowego systemu słonecznego i gazowego. Na wydajność paneli fotowoltaicznych duży wpływ ma wielkość natężenia promieniowania słonecznego czy pogoda. W testach narzędzie maksymalnej sprawności paneli słonecznych wynosi 16,68% przy natężeniu promieniowania słonecznego 1167 W/m2 i minimalną wartość 7,28% przy promieniowaniu słonecznym 380 W/m2. Test systemu hybrydowego jest w stanie podgrzać wodę do 100°C z różną wydajnością w zależności od tego, jak długo był używany do podgrzewacza i gazu. Ale jeśli używasz tylko grzałki, maksymalna temperatura wody, jaką można osiągnąć, wynosi 73,4 °C. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ zanim woda osiągnie temperaturę, moc/napięcie w akumulatorze osiągnęło swój minimalny limit (11 V), który jest ustawiony na LVD (Low Voltage Disconnect), dzięki czemu podgrzewacz wyłączy się automatycznie, a gaz (piec) również włączy się automatycznie.

4

Window layer based on ZnO and Ag thin films incorporated in solar cells as a part of hybrid energy-saving system

Gholamzadeh Hadi, Hosseini Reza, Veladi Hadi, Rahimi Hadi

Optica Applicata

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2023

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Vol. 53, nr 1

141--152

EN

We have started a new research project on a hybrid power generation system consisting of piezoelectric, thermoelectric and solar cell modules. In the first step, we have focused on the antireflection coating based on zinc oxide (ZnO) and metal nanolayers incorporated in solar cells. In layered structure containing ZnO and metal nanoscale layers, we have presented the possibility of increasing wave transmission in the visible region by adding the top and bottom cap layers. The enhancement of optical transmission is very important in improving the performance of sensor protections, solar cells, UV protective films and transparent conductive display panels electrode. It is found that, the structure containing both the top and bottom cap layers (S3) yields larger transmittance than the structures S1 without any cap or S2 just with one cap layer. The maximum transmittance in the visible range can be increased from 33% to 67%. In addition, for the TE mode (TM mode), the maximum value of transmission in the S1 and S2 structures occurs at angles close to normal incidence while in the S3 multilayer it happens around 1 radian, that is, the behavior of the TE mode is the opposite of the TM mode. Also, when the incident angle varies, the band edges experience a blue shift. The amount of TE shift is more pronounced than TM one. Moreover, the metal with higher plasma frequency will move the band gap edges to the higher frequencies.

5

Wpływ techniki nanoszenia warstw TiO2 na parametry fotowoltaiczne krzemowych ogniw słonecznych

Pich Robert, Bogdanowicz Krzysztof A., Gonciarz Agnieszka, Januszko Adam, Iwan Agnieszka

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 1

177--1179

PL

W pracy przedstawiono trzy techniki nanoszenia warstwy TiO2 jako powłoki samoczyszczącej na panelach fotowoltaicznych zainstalowanych na ekranach akustycznych, ułożonych wzdłuż linii kolejowych. Ogniwa słoneczne wraz z warstwą TiO2 poddano w warunkach laboratoryjnych badaniom wpływu naniesionych warstw na wartość parametrów fotowoltaicznych.

EN

The paper presents three techniques of obtaining TiO2 layers as the self-cleaning film on photovoltaic panels installed on acoustic screens arranged along railway lines. The solar cells with TiO2 layers were investigated in laboratory testing of the dependence of the applied layers on photovoltaic parameters.

6

Solarny Magazyn Energii – rozwiązanie oparte na komercyjnych krzemowych ogniwach słonecznych i superkondensatorach

Plebankiewicz Ireneusz, Przybył Wojciech

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 1

139--142

PL

W ostatnich latach systemy magazynujące energie uzyskiwaną z odnawialnych źródeł energii budzą coraz większe zainteresowanie. Podstawowym rozwiązaniem jest układ, w którym jako magazyn energii wykorzystywany jest zespół akumulatorów. Rzadko w praktyce funkcjonuje układ hybrydowy, w którym zastosowano bufor w postaci superkondensatorów, którego podstawowym zadaniem jest przejęcie udaru prądowego. Przedstawione rozwiązanie jest nowatorskim podejściem zastosowania superkondensatorów, jako głównego magazynu energii. W artykule przestawiono inżynierskie rozwiązanie systemu magazynowania energii elektrycznej w superkondensatorach ładowanych z krzemowych ogniw fotowoltaicznych.

EN

n recent years, storage systems for energy obtained from renewable energy sources have attracted more and more interest. The basic solution is a system in which a set of accumulators is used as energy storage. A hybrid system is rarely used in practice, in which a supercapacitor buffer is used, whose primary task is to take over the current surge. The presented solution is an innovative approach to the use of supercapacitors as the main energy storage. The article presents an engineering solution of an electric energy storage system in supercapacitors charged from silicon photovoltaic cells.

7

Analiza właściwości hydrofilowych warstw TiO2 i TiO2-Ag w zależności od warunków atmosferycznych i modyfikacji syntezy dla zastosowań w fotowoltaice

Gonciarz Agnieszka, Bogdanowicz Krzysztof A., Pich Robert, Januszko Adam, Iwan Agnieszka

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 1

173--176

PL

W pracy przedstawiono metody otrzymywania warstw TiO2 bez i z Ag w celu zastosowania jako warstwa samoczyszcząca w panelach fotowoltaicznych zainstalowanych na ekranach akustycznych, ułożonych wzdłuż linii kolejowych. Wytworzone warstwy TiO2 poddano badaniom właściwości hydrofilowych w warunkach laboratoryjnych i atmosferycznych, uwzględniając jako zmienną technikę nanoszenia warstwy TiO2 (nanoszenie wirowe, listy rozwijającej), parametry techniczne (szybkość wirowania, grubość warstwy) oraz ilość srebra.

EN

The paper presents methods of obtaining TiO2 layers without and with Ag as the main layer component for self-cleaning layers on photovoltaic panels as an element acoustic screens arranged along railway lines. The hydrophilic properties of the produced TiO2 layers were investigated in laboratory and atmospheric conditions, taking into account the technique used to apply the TiO2 layer (spin-coating and doctor blade), technical parameters (spin speed, layer thickness) and the amount of silver.

8

Research on new process for separation of silicon wafers and glass from decommissioned photovoltaic module

Zhang Jian wen, Wang Hai dong, Zhang Sheng guang, Liang Han, Guo Hui, Tao Si-yao

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

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Vol. 58, iss. 6

art. no. 151679

EN

In view of the disadvantages of the existing electrostatic separation process of decommissioned photovoltaic modules, which can only achieve the separation of fine silicon wafers and glass and has high energy consumption, a new process to solve the efficient dry separation of coarse silicon wafers and glass in decommissioned photovoltaic modules is proposed- the vibration separation method. Based on the theoretical analysis of the vibration separation of flaky silicon wafer and polyhedral glass particles, the effects of feed size, feed amount, vibration voltage, vibration frequency, horizontal inclination angle and longitudinal inclination angle on the product indexes of wafer and glass separation were investigated by single factor experiment. The optimal experimental conditions were obtained as follows: feed particle size +0.83mm, feed amount 0.15 t/h, vibration voltage 190 V, vibration frequency 48 Hz, horizontal inclination Angle 8°, longitudinal inclination Angle 3°. Under this optimized condition, the content of metal Si in the obtained silicon wafer product is 84.47%, the recovery rate of is 83.73%, the content of impurity SiO2 is 1.09%, and the content of SiO2 in the obtained glass product is 65.69%, and the recovery rate is 98.95%, the impurity metal Si content is 0.56%. This study provides a research idea for the industrial separation of silicon wafers and glass from decommissioned photovoltaic modules.

9

Defect-minimized directly grown graphene-based solar cells

Cui Yiqian, Wei Jiaqi, Jia Lizhe, Zhang Lukai, Zhou Qing, Liu Yanliang, Zhang Yong, Zhang Yu, Yu Wei

Materials Science Poland

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2022

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Vol. 40, No. 3

125--134

EN

Using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to directly grow graphene nanowalls (GNWs) on silicon to preparate the solar cells is compatible with current industrial production. However, many defects in the GNWs hinder improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells. In this work, we found that the defects in GNWs can be reduced under the condition of keeping the appropriate sheet resistance of GNWs by simultaneously reducing the growth temperature and increasing the growth time. Then, a PCE of 3.83% was achieved by minimizing the defects in the GNWs under the condition of ensuring adequate coverage of GNWs on bare planar silicon. The defects in GNWs were further reduced by adding a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):Nafion passivation coating, and the PCE was significantly improved to10.55%. Our work provides an innovative path and a simple approach to minimize the defects in graphene grown directly on silicon for high-efficiency solar cells.

10

Pulsed laser deposition of ZnO and MoO3 as reflection prohibitors on photovoltaic cell substrate to enhance the efficiency

Selvan P., Jebaraj D. J. J., Hynes N. R. J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 113, nr 2

65--71

EN

Purpose: With the ever-growing demand for conventional fuels, the improvement in the efficiency of the photovoltaic system is the need of the hour. Antireflection coatings enhance the availability of solar power by reducing the percentage of light reflected. A new coating has been developed to improve the solar cell's overall efficiency. This study focuses on enhancing the efficiency of the monocrystalline solar cell when a coating of ZnO-MoO3 is applied at a certain thickness. Design/methodology/approach: A layer of ZnO followed by MoO3 is deposited on a Silicon solar cell substrate using a Pulsed Laser Deposition process. Due to the transmissivity d between the two materials, they act as excellent antireflection coating. The layer thickness has been engineered to lie in the maximum absorption spectrum of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, which is between 400 and 800 nanometers. Findings: Based on the calculation of transmissivities for a given layer thickness of coating material, the coating has been done, and the efficiencies of the coated specimen were compared with the uncoated solar cell. The percentage improvement in the electrical efficiency of a single crystalline silicon solar cell with an anti-reflection coating at 1059 W/m2 is about 35.7%. Research limitations/implications: Among the available antireflection coating materials, the combination that provides better efficiency when coated on top of a solar cell is hard to find. Practical implications: This anti-reflection coating could be a better solution to enhance the overall efficiency of the single crystalline silicon solar cell. Originality/value: Although ZnO and MoO3 coatings have been investigated separately for improvement in solar cell efficiency with varying levels of success, the hybrid coating of ZnO/MoO3 with a performance enhancement of 35.7% is a great leap.

11

Simulation investigation of perovskite-based solar cells

Łuszczek Maciej, Łuszczek Grzegorz, Świsulski Dariusz

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 5

99--102

EN

Three models of thin-layer lead-halide perovskite solar cells with different electron-transport layers (T iO2, SnO2, ZnO) were investigated by the simulation method. The perovskite layer thickness was optimized for all the systems. The analysis of the standard photovoltaic cell performance parameters at various operating temperatures was performed. The best performance was achieved for the system with the SnO2 conductive layer.

PL

Przeprowadzono badania symulacyjne trzech modeli ołowiowo-halogenkowych perowskitowych ogniw słonecznych z róznymi warst- ˙ wami odpowiedzialnymi za transport elektronowy (T iO2, SnO2, ZnO). Dla wszystkich układów dokonano optymalizacji grubosci warstwy perowskitu. ´ Przeanalizowano standardowe parametry okreslaj ˛ ´ ace wydajnos´c ogniw fotowoltaicznych w ró ´ znych temperaturach pracy. Najwi ˛ ˙ eksz ˛a sprawnos´c´ uzyskano dla układu z warstw ˛a przewodz ˛ac ˛a SnO2.

12

Parameters estimation of photovoltaic module using Grey Wolf optimization method

Mohamed Mostefai, Abdullah Miloudi, Yahia Miloud

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 2

118--122

EN

Parameter prediction of a photovoltaic module is fundamental to simulate the photovoltaic generator for correctly reproduce the photovoltaic curves under natural environment. In this work, a new method for solar parameter estimation applying grey wolf algorithm is presented. This technic mimics the mechanism of the chase and the chain of command of wolves in wildlife. In the grey wolf optimizer algorithm four kinds of wolves are used for simulating the control hierarchy. This technique is tested on three different photovoltaic modules. The results showed the effectiveness and validity of the method to find with great precision the parameters of the three photovoltaic modules at various values of temperatures and illuminations.

PL

Przedstawiono nową metodę określania parametrów ogniw fotowoltaicznych wykorzystującą algorytm Grey Wolf. Wykorzystano cter modele zaworów do symulacji. Algorytm przetestowano na różnych modułach. Modele potwierdziły swoją efektywność dla różnych temperatur i naświetleń.

13

Modelowanie ogniw fotowoltaicznych w programie SPICE

Krac Ewa, Górecki Krzysztof

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 2

6--10

PL

W pracy omówiono wybrane literaturowe modele ogniw fotowoltaicznych oraz autorski elektrotermiczny model fotoogniwa. Omówiony autorski elektrotermiczny model fotoogniwa uwzględnia zarówno zmianę temperatury podczas pracy fotoogniwa oraz zmianę kąta padania promieni światła na to fotoogniwo. Przedstawiono również wyniki weryfikacji doświadczalnej wybranego z prezentowanych modeli.

EN

The paper describes selected literature models of photovoltaic cells and the authors’ electrothermal model of photovoltaic cell. The discussed electrothermal photovoltaic model takes into account the temperature change during photovoltaic operation and the angle of incidence of light rays on considered photovoltaic cell. The results of experimental verification of one of the presented models were also presented.

14

Complex trapezoid grating for light trapping in thin-film solar cells: super-fine structure

Fang Junfei, Gou Yuchun, Deng Jianping

Optica Applicata

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2020

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Vol. 50, nr 3

391--400

EN

The research of the optimal surface structure has attracted considerable interest because of its potential application in light trapping in thin-film solar cells (TFSCs). In this paper, a super-fine structure named complex trapezoid grating is proposed to improve the optical absorption comparing to the conventional simple trapezoid grating in a-Si:H TFSCs. The numerical calculation by utilizing rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) is conducted to obtain the optical absorption of the structured surface. The results demonstrate that, compared to a planar slab, the optimized-simple trapezoid grating shows 97% enhancement of power conversion efficiency η while the complex trapezoid grating shows 131% enhancement. Obviously, the complex trapezoid grating exhibits a better performance than the simple grating, which is due to the perfect antireflective effect and microcavity resonance effect. The angular response of the optical absorption in a-Si:H TFSCs was also investigated. The results further indicate that it is a better way to select the complex trapezoid grating in improving the optical absorption of silicon-based TFSCs.

15

Electrical and optical properties of nanowires based solar cell with radial p-n junction

Pylypova O. V., Evtukh A. A., Parfenyuk P. V., Ivanov I. I., Korobchuk I. M., Havryliuk O. O., Semchuk O. Y.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2019

|

Vol. 27, No. 2

143--148

EN

In our studies the absorption, transmittance and reflectance spectra for periodic nanostructures with different parameters were calculated by the FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) method. It is shown that the proportion of reflected light in periodic structures is smaller than in case of thin films. The experimental results showed the light reflectance in the spectral range of 400–900 nm lower than 1% and it was significantly lower in comparison with surface texturing by pyramids or porous silicon. Silicon nanowires on p-type Si substrate were formed by the Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching method (MacEtch). At solar cells with radial p-n junction formation the thermal diffusion of phosphorus has been used at 790°C. Such low temperature ensures the formation of an ultra-shallow p-n junction. Investigation of the photoelectrical properties of solar cells was carried out under light illumination with an intensity of 100mW/cm2. The obtained parameters of NWs' solar cell were Isc = 22 mA/cm2, Uoc = 0.62 V, FF = 0.51 for an overall efficiency η = 7%. The relatively low efficiency of obtained SiNWs solar cells is attributed to the excessive surface recombination at high surface areas of SiNWs and high series resistance.

16

Hybrydowy system magazynowania energii podwójnego zastosowania

Maleczek Stanisław, Szczepaniak Marcin, Malicki Wojciech

Napędy i Sterowanie

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2019

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R. 21, nr 10

88--91

PL

Uzależnienie współczesnych urządzeń wojskowych od energii elektrycznej powoduje, że ich skuteczność i niezawodność zależy w bardzo dużym stopniu od ciągłości dostarczania energii elektrycznej oraz jej jakości. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono koncepcję wykonania systemu magazynowania energii dla zastosowań cywilnych i wojskowych. Omówiono budowę i przeznaczenie poszczególnych bloków systemu, a także zastosowanie filozofii „klocków” i gwiaździstej topologii układu połączeń. Nakreślono perspektywy dalszej realizacji projektu jako bazy do przyszłej produkcji systemu.

EN

The dependence of modern military equipment on electricity makes their effectiveness and reliability depends very much on the continuity of electricity supply and its quality. This paper presents the concept of implementation of an energy storage system for civil and military applications. The construction and purpose of individual system blocks are discussed as well as the application of the philosophy of „bricks” and the starshaped topology of the connection system. Perspectives for the further implementation of the project as a basis for the future production of the system were outlined.

17

Temperature Effect on Performance of Different Solar Cell Technologies

Adeeb Jehad, Farhan Alaa, Al-Salaymeh Ahmed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 5

249--254

EN

One of the main parameters that affect the solar cell performance is cell temperature; the solar cell output decreases with the increase of temperature. Therefore, it is important to select the proper solar cell technology that performs better at a specified location considering its average temperatures. In addition, the solar cell performance is directly reflected on the overall economics of the project. This paper is proposed to evaluate the variations in the performance of different solar cell technologies related to the temperature in Amman, Jordan. Field data of weather station and three PV systems (Poly-crystalline, Mono-crystalline and Thin-film) of identical design parameters were collected from Test Field Project at Applied Science Private University, Shafa Badran, Amman, Jordan. These data were analysed in the following way. estimated specific energy yield (kWh/kWp) for the three different PV systems was calculated depending on the measured value of solar irradiance and technical specifications of the installed solar panels and inverters, then the actual energy yield at different temperatures over one year was compared with the estimated value, so the deviations could be determined and actual temperature coefficients for energy yield could be calculated, knowing that the three PV Systems have identical design parameters (tilt angle, azimuth angle, type and dimensions of mounting structure and inverter size) and same cleaning method and schedule. It was found that the thin-film solar panels are less affected by temperature with temperature coefficient of -0.0984%, and -0.109%, -0.124% for Mono-crystalline and Poly-crystalline respectively. These results can be implemented in the preliminary design steps, specifically in the selection of the solar cell technology to be installed in a specific location.

18

Review on metallic oxide nanoparticles and their application in optoelectronic devices

Sosna-Głębska Aleksandra, Szczecińska Natalia, Znajdek Katarzyna, Sibiński Maciej

Acta Innovations

|

2019

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no. 30

5--15

EN

Among the large family of metallic oxides, there is a considerable group possessing excellent semiconducting properties. What follows, they are promising materials for applications in the field of optoelectronics and photonics. Thanks to the development of nanotechnology in the last few decades, it is now possible to manufacture a great variety of different nanostructures. By controlling their size, shape, composition and crystallinity, one can influence such properties as band gap, absorption properties, surface to volume ratio, conductivity, and, as a consequence, tune the material for the chosen application. The following article reviews the research conducted in the field of application of the metallic oxide nanoparticles, especially ZnO, TiO2 and ITO (Indium-Tin Oxide), in such branches of optoelectronics as solid-state lightning, photodetectors, solar-cells and transparent conducting layers.

19

Mikroprocesorowy sterownik położenia kolektorów i baterii słonecznych

Gierlak P., Giżewski S.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Jana Wyżykowskiego. Studia z Nauk Technicznych

|

2018

|

Nr 7

75--89

PL

Od kiedy w 1767 r. Szwajcar Horace-Bénédict de Saussure zbudował pierwszy kolektor słoneczny, nazwany „gorącą skrzynią”, rozpoczęła się era pozyskiwania energii promieniowania słonecznego na potrzeby ludzkości. Po wielu latach po raz pierwszy zjawisko fotoelektryczne zaobserwował francuski fizyk Aleksander Edmond Becquerel w 1839 r., przeprowadzając badanie baterii elektrochemicznej. Burzliwy rozwój technologii półprzewodników na przełomie XX i XXI w. i w efekcie spadek cen ogniw solarnych skutkuje intensywnym rozwojem energetyki solarnej, w tym również realizacją prac mających na celu optymalizację procesu konwersji energii solarnej na energię elektryczną. Artykuł poświęcony został opracowaniu systemu nadążnego umożliwiającego optymalne, ze względu na zysk energetyczny, ustawienie ogniwa solarnego w odniesieniu do kierunku padających promieni słonecznych. Przedstawiony został w nim system, algorytm jego pracy oraz wyniki wykonanych badań porównujących trzy tryby pracy modelu systemu śledzącego dzienny ruch Słońca.

EN

Since 1767 when the Swiss scientists Horace-Bénédict de Saussure built the first solar collector, called the “hot box”, mankind’s attempts to harness solar energy began. Many years later in 1839 for the first time the photoelectric phenomenon was observed by the French physicist Alexander Edmond Becquerel while conducting scientific research on electrochemical battery. Rapid development in semiconductor technology at the turn of the XXI century and the subsequent drop in solar cell prices resulted in intensive solar energy evolution and growth, including projects that strived at optimizing the conversion of solar energy into electric one. This work aims at developing a solar tracker system that enables the most energy-efficient solar cell positioning towards sunlight. It describes the system itself along with its work algorithm and presents the results under three operation modes of the solar tracker system.

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Comparative analysis of the photovoltaic cells efficiency depending on the substrate material processing technology

Billewicz P.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2018

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R. 94, nr 7

146--149

EN

The aim of this article is to present results of the research conducted on the PV cells produced using different technologies. Monocrystalline silicon solar cells of different internal structure were examined using full-spectrum sun simulation system. Analysis included I-V and P-V characteristics as well as calculations of the efficiency and temperature coefficients of the tested cells. Based on the obtained results it was possible to compare performance of the cell produced using ion-implantation technology and the one with substrate treated by diffusion.

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wyników badań ogniw PV, wykonanych z zastosowaniem różnych technologii produkcji. Ogniwa z krzemu monokrystalicznego, różniące się strukturą wewnętrzną, poddano badaniom z wykorzystaniem systemu do symulacji promieniowania słonecznego o pełnym spektrum, rejestrując charakterystyki I-V oraz P-V badanych próbek. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników możliwe było porównanie sprawności klasycznych ogniw PV oraz ogniw wyprodukowanych z zastosowaniem implantacji jonowej.