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1

Modelling causality between agricultural and meteorological drought indices in the Corong River basin, East Java Indonesia

Affandy Nur A., Iranata Data, Anwar Nadjadji, Maulana Mahendra A., Prastyo Dedy D., Jaelani Lalu M., Suryadi F. X.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 58

178--188

EN

The Lamongan Regency is an area in East Java, Indonesia, which often experiences drought, especially in the south. The Corong River basin is located in the southern part of Lamongan, which supplies the irrigation area of the Gondang Reservoir. Drought monitoring in the Corong River basin is very important to ensure the sustainability of the agricultural regions. This study aims to analyse the causal relationship between meteorological and agricultural drought indices represented by standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and standard normalisation difference vegetation index (NDVI), using time series regression. The correlation between NDVI and SPEI lag 4 has the largest correlation test results between NDVI and SPEI lag, which is 0.41. This suggests that the previous four months of meteorological drought impacted the current agricultural drought. A time series regression model strengthens the results, which show a causal relationship between NDVI and SPEI lag. According to the NDVI-SPEI-1 lag 4 time series model, NDVI was influenced by NDVI in the previous 12 periods, and SPEI-1 in the last four periods had a determinant coefficient value of 0.4. This shows that the causal model between SPEI-1 and NDVI shows a fairly strong relationship for drought management in agricultural areas (irrigated areas) and is considered a reliable and effective tool in determining the severity and duration of drought in the study area.

2

The normative construction of the River Chief System model of river basin water environment management under legal perspective

Zhu Mengni, Bu Su

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2023

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Vol. 49, nr 4

61--71

EN

The River Chief System has been examined, a model for river basin water environment management implemented in China in recent years. Through a legal perspective, the authors analyze the normative construction of this system and its potential impact on improving the quality of river water. They give an overview of the historical and legal context that led to the adoption of the River Chief System, followed by a detailed description of its structure and key features. They evaluate the system’s effectiveness in promoting compliance with water quality regulations and fostering inter-agency cooperation and conclude by identifying challenges that may hinder the system’s success such as the lack of adequate funding and the need for greater public participation in decision-making processes. The paper provides valuable insights into the normative construction of the River Chief System and its implications for water resource management in China.

3

Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System, and Analytic Hierarchy Process Techniques – A Case Study in the Nerodime Watershed, Kosovo

Avdullahi Sabri, Hajra Argjend

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 4

147--161

EN

This research was carried out to analyse the groundwater potential areas in the Nerodime River catchment area. This paper used the standard methodology to determine the potential areas of groundwater resources based on the combated remote sensing, geographic information system, and hierarchical analytical process. In this river catchment area, a total of eight groups of criteria have been selected which have an impact on groundwater storage. Groundwater research would not be possible without the use of various data that have a direct impact on groundwater such as drainage, elevation, geology, land use and land cover, lineament, rainfall, slope, and soil. The results obtained through statistical analysis with software were compared with the data collected in the field, a comparison which resulted in an accuracy of approximately 95%. The results are reflected in table form and using maps also prepared with ArcGIS software.

4

Agricultural Dependence of the Formation of Water Balance Stability of the Sluch River Basin under Conditions of Climate Change

Pichura Vitalii, Potravka Larysa, Barulina Iryna

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 9

300--325

EN

The purpose of the research was to calculate water footprint in growing the basic field crops and establish the volumes of additional water accumulation to provide the hydro-functioning of the Sluch river basin in the territory of Ukraine under conditions of climate change. The research was based on the data of climate change analysis in 1901–2022, decoding of the actual satellite imagery of the spacecraft Sentinel 2 and statistical data on crop rotation structure in the agro-landscapes of the water catchment area in the research region. The volumes of water footprint were calculated for the vegetation periods of the basic field winter and spring crops in 2018–2021: 2018–2019 – a semi-wet year grows into a dry year; 2019–2020 – a dry year grows into a semi-wet year; 2020–2021 – a semi-wet year grows into a wet year. Spatio-temporal regularities of the formation of water footprint and the ratio of green and blue water use in growing different agricultural crops were determined. The total volume of water footprint in growing the field crops of a certain crop rotation equaled: in 2018–2019 – 1991 mln m3 , 2019–2020 – 2440 mln m3 , 2020–2021 – 2363 mln m3. The total volume of precipitation in the vegetation period within the river water catchment area was: in 2018–2019 – 3760 mln mм3, 2019–2020 – 4423 mln m3, 2020–2021– 4839 mln m3. The total volume of additional accumulation of green (rain) water in the vegetation period in the agro-landscapes of the river basin equaled: in 2018–2019 – 1769 mln m3, or 47.0% of precipitation in the vegetation period (Pv); 2019–2020 – 1983 mln m3, or 44.8% of Pv; 2020–2021 – 2476 mln m3, or 51.2% of Pv. The proposed research scheme and the obtained results are important for adjusting and substantiating water- and resource-saving agrotechnologies and crop rotations depending on climate change, for determining water balance stability of the river basin in accordance with the indicators of additional accumulation of green water.

5

Assessment of surface water pollution in Western Bug River within the cross-border section of Ukraine

Gopchak Igor, Kalko Andrii, Basiuk Tetiana, Pinchuk Oleg, Gerasimov Ievgenii, Yaromenko Oksana, Shkirynets Viktor

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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no. 46

97--103

EN

Monitoring of surface waters within the transboundary section of the Western Bug River showed, that during 2014–2018, a significant excess of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) was observed for some substances for fish ponds. As a result of this, the water in the river for these substances was rated as “dirty” in terms of purity and corresponded to water quality class IV, namely: phosphorus was observed to exceed the MPC at the observation point Ambukіv village in 2015 (9.7 times), for manganese – an excess of the MPC at the observation point Ambukіv village in 2018 (9.7 times) and in point Zabuzhzhia village in 2014 (7.9 times), 2015 (8.0 times), 2017 (7.1 times), 2018 (8.3 times); for the total iron – the exceeding of MPC at the observation point Ambukіv village in 2016 (5.95 times) and 2017 (6.13 times); at the observation point Ustilug town in 2016 (5.23 times); in the observation point Zabuzhzhia village in 2016 (9.44 times) and 2017 (5.27 times). The assessment of the surface waters based on the determination of the pollution factor showed that during the study period their quality did not deteriorate but did not meet the norms. In general, surface waters of the river correspond to the second class of quality and are characterized as “poorly polluted” waters by the level of pollution.

6

Results of Surface Water Quality Monitoring of the Western Bug River Basin in Lviv Region

Odnorih Zoriana, Manko Roman, Malovanyy Myroslav, Soloviy Khrystyna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2020

|

Vol. 21, nr 3

18--26

EN

The article describes the steps for organizing and conducting the ecological monitoring of surface water in order to shift Ukraine to the European standards in the field of water use and protection. The main water users-pollutants of the Western Bug River basin in the Lviv region were identified. The results of the water samples taken from the control bodies in 2018 were analyzed. A promising way to improve the work of the water basin management of the Western Bug River was proposed.

7

Spatial distribution of average annual water runoff in the Pripyat basin rivers (Ukraine)

Obodovskyi Oleksandr, Korniienko Viktoriia

Geography and Tourism

|

2020

|

Vol. 8, No. 2

97--106

EN

The article presents the results of a study on spatial distribution of water runoff in the Pripyat basin rivers in Ukraine. The authors analysed long-term observational data from 28 hydrological stations in the territory of Ukraine and 30 stations outside its borders. The data obtained from these stations comprised a period from the beginning of their operation up to and including 2017. The authors employed GIS technology to automate the process, and made use of different types of interpolation to ensure more accurate calculations. The study resulted in the creation of an updated modern map of water runoff for the territory of the Pripyat basin rivers in Ukraine, with isolines every 0.2 l·s-1·km-2. This can be used to determine the values of specific water runoff rates for rivers not subject to constant observations, in particular with regard to rivers featuring small water catchment for more convenient and faster use.

8

The Application of ITS-2 Model for Flood Hydrograph Simulation in Large-Size Rainforest Watershed, Indonesia

Tunas I. Gede

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 20, nr 7

112--125

EN

Nowadays, the increasing intensity of extreme rainfall and changes in land use have triggered massive floods in various regions of Indonesia. The changes in the characteristics of these two parameters cause an increase in the peak and duration of the flood over time. Peak and duration of flood estimation might be very useful for the national and local government because it is closely related to the effectiveness of prevention and mitigation plan in the future. A hydrograph-based model constitutes one approach to estimating them simultaneously. The objective of this research is to examine the application of ITS-2 – a synthetic unit hydrograph (SUH) model which was developed at Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS) in 2017 – for estimating the peak flood discharge as a basis for planning disaster mitigation programs. This study was carried out by testing the reliability of the ITS-2 Model using the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) indicator by comparing the measured unit hydrograph and synthetic unit hydrograph derived using the model, optimizing the parameters of the model, and then analyzing the transformation of rainfall-flood discharge in the Gumbasa Watershed, one of the major watersheds in Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This catchment is part of the Palu watershed, which is largely a tropical rainforest conservation area known as the Lore Lindu National Park. The input model is based on the design rainfall with a certain return period using the frequency analysis where the data was obtained from the rainfall stations in the study area. The results of the research showed that the performance of the ITS-2 model was still very good with the NSE above 80%. The difference in the peak discharge of these two unit hydrographs is relatively low, with a deviation below 10%. The optimal values of the ITS-2 Model parameter coefficients consisting of C1, C2, and C3 were achieved at 1.29, 0.33 and 1.88, respectively. The results of the hydrograph analysis based on a 1-year to 100-year return period indicate that peak flood discharge ranges from 100 m3/sec to 550 m3/sec. From a series of analyses and tests that have been conducted in the previous and current research, it can be concluded that the ITS-2 Model can be applied to various watershed sizes, especially in Indonesia.

9

Adaptation of Ukrainian water resource assessment to European legislation

Yatsiuk M., Nabyvanets Y., Osadcha N.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2017

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Vol. 5, Iss. 1

37--45

EN

The main conceptual approaches of water quality assessment and existing methods of standardization and classification of water on various parameters were summarized. Comparative analysis of sanitary and environmental principles of standardization has been fulfilled; the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches were discussed. It was concluded that the most reliable information about the state of the aquatic ecosystem can be obtained by using a physical, chemical and biological parameter complex. The international experience of water quality assessment was analyzed and the priority actions to implement the requirements of the Water Framework Directive in Ukraine were proposed.

10

Zagrożenia hydrologiczne i możliwości ich ograniczania

Ozga-Zieliński B.

Gospodarka Wodna

|

2017

|

Nr 4

97--103

PL

Biorąc po uwagę istniejące od zawsze zagrożenia człowieka i jego otoczenia od zjawisk ekstremalnych zachodzących na powierzchni Ziemi, powodujących klęski żywiołowe i zachodzących najczęściej na bardzo dużych obszarach, w artykule rozważano układ bezpieczeństwa człowieka w postaci: siły natury-człowiek-technika-środowisko przyrodnicze (N-C-T-Ś); jego częścią jest system hydrologiczny - zlewnia rzeczna. W artykule zidentyfikowano mechanizmy powstawania ekstremalnych zagrożeń hydrologicznych w korytach rzek i na obszarze zlewni oraz przedstawiono techniczne i nietechniczne działania obronne właściwe dla zagrożeń hydrologicznych.

EN

Taking into account the existing threats to humans and their environment posed by extreme events occurring on the surface of the Earth, causing natural disasters and usually covering very large areas, the article considers the human safety diagram in the form of: forces of nature-human-technology-natural environment (N-H-T-E), with hydrological system - a river catchment - being a part of it. The article identifies mechanisms of extreme hydrological threats occurrence in riverbeds and in the catchment area and presents technical and non-technical protective measures appropriate to extreme hydrological phenomena.

11

Characteristics of the slope and river runoff transformation and its influence on the activation of erosion and fluvial processes – a case study of small river basins in the Southern Urals and the Cis-Urals

Gareev Aufar M.

Geography and Tourism

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2017

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Vol. 5, No. 2

51--56

EN

The paper presents an analysis of characteristics of changes in the slope runoff and the maximum water discharge during spring floods in small and medium river basins located in the Ural region. It has been shown that the ongoing degradation of natural catchment systems is manifested not only in the form of a reduced number of species in plant communities and their productivity, but also by transformations in the slope runoff and an increase in the maximum values of slope runoff during spring floods in river basins of different categories. This is evidenced by our longterm observations conducted at nature research stations and during long-term research expeditions. The growing human impact is accompanied by a large number of negative economic and ecological processes occurring in river basins and they should be addressed immediately. These processes are manifested in the form of erosion, riverbed deformations, as well as flooding and destruction of various objects, etc.

12

Bezpieczeństwo i niezawodność systemów hydrologicznych

Ozga-Zieliński B.

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Inżynieria Środowiska

|

2015

|

z. 69

3--126

PL

W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę zastosowania teorii niezawodności, a w zasadzie wykorzystania jej praktycznego aspektu, jakim jest inżynieria niezawodności i jej narzędzia opisu matematycznego obiektów i systemów technicznych w pełni zaprojektowanych i zbudowanych przez człowieka, do opisu struktury niezawodnociowej systemu quasi-naturalnego - systemu hydrologicznego, jego bezpieczeństwa oraz występujących w nim zagrożeń wynikających z pojawiania się meteorologicznych i hydrologicznych zdarzeń ekstremalnych, traktowanych, jako zdarzenia niepożšdane powodujące ryzyko wystąpienia strat zarówno finansowych jak i ludzkich. Dotychczas takie podejście do problemów bezpieczeństwa i niezawodności funkcjonowania systemów hydrologicznych w tym ochrony przed ekstremalnymi zjawiskami hydrologicznymi, do których należą duże wezbrania powodujące powodzie, nie było w hydrologii polskiej stosowane. Proponowane w pracy metody szacowania zagrożeń, ryzyka i strat związanych z występowaniem ekstremalnych zdarzeń hydrologiczno-meteorologicznych mają na celu zwiększenie możliwości obronnych przed tymi zdarzeniami i poprawienie zarządzania ryzykiem ich pojawiania się oraz wzmocnienie aktualnie stosowanych metod ochrony przed powodziami zgodnymi z wytycznymi europejskiej Dyrektywy powodziowej.

EN

An attempt of application of the theory of reliability, in fact application of its practical aspect, i.e. reliability engineering and its tools of mathematical description of technical objects and systems, was undertaken in order to describe a reliable structure of a quasinatural system - hydrologic system, its safety as well as hazards in the river basin caused by extreme hydrological and meteorological events treated as undesired events causing risk of human lives and financial losses. Such approach to problems of safety and reliability in the functioning of hydrologic systems including protection against extreme hydrological events, e.g. huge floods causing flooding, has never been developed in Polish hydrology until now. The suggested methods of hazard, risk and losses assessment connected with occurrence of extreme hydrological and meteorological events are aimed at enhancing capabilities of protection against these events and improving management of flood risk, as well as at strengthening the cur- rently used methods of flood protection in accordance with the Flood Directive. The river basin is treated as a hydrologic system, where various hazards appear as a result of mutual relations between forces of Nature, Human, Technology (Engineering) and natural Environment, constituting the system of connection N-H-T-E, which has direct influence on the safety of people and economy. Extreme hydrological events in the form of huge floods causing floodings were treated as undesired events from the point of view of safety of life and health, and property of human beings, as well as a sign of failure of the hydrologic system to function efficiently (reliably). For such statement, first of all, it was necessary to identify the mechanism of occurrence of extreme hydrological hazards, as well as technical and nontechnical activities of protection typical for these hazards (Chapter 3). Then, it was necessary to define a reliable structure of a hydrologic system and describe it with a mathematical model; for that a fault tree is proposed, which enables probabilistic description of undesired events occurring in the hydrologic system (Chapter 4). Once the reliable model of the hydrologic system is known, the hazard and risk of extreme hydrological events can be assessed with the method of the event tree. The proposed reliability, hazard and risk measures can be used for quantitative assessment of risk and losses resulting from undesired events occurrence. When the risk of extreme hydrological events is identified, ensuring safety of people and the hydrologic system itself can be managed (Chapter 5). The process of risk management is a selection of effective means ensuring safety and protection against identified hazards, i.e. capability of prevention of losses, the so-called safety potential. The safety potential has to balance capabilities of the hydrologic system to losses causing, the so-called hazard potential. So, according to the ALARP principle, risk management should keep balance of both potentials in the zone of tolerated risk. The presented example (Chapter 6) employs only a fragment of possibilities of reliability engineering, hazard analysis and risk and safety of hydrologic systems associated with them. The obtained results encourage to carry on further research on development of the reliability and safety theory in hydrology.

13

Anthropogenic impact on river basins : temporal evolution of sediment classes and accumulation rates in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy

Scanu S., de Mendoza F. P., Piazzolla D., Marcelli M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2015

|

Vol. 44, No. 1

74--86

EN

In this study, sedimentological and geochronological data from sections of a core (GRT50) collected in the Northern Latium coastal area were compared to data on pluviometric (rainfall) trends, river flows and the temporal evolution of human interventions in the three most important hydrographic basins (Mignone, Marta and Fiora) of this coastal area. The statistical analysis of pluviometric trends identified variations due to a decreasing trend in the Fiora river basin, whereas in the two other locations the decrease was not so significant. Data from the sedimentological analysis of the core confirmed a progressive decrease in the sandy component, which declined from about 30% to the current level of 7% over the last 36 years. There was no significant variation in the sediment mass accumulation rates (MAR), which were characterized by an almost cyclic trend that was probably determined by the most intense floods in the study area. The results revealed that the variations caused by the fluvial processes have affected the water runoff of the Fiora River, and that the consequent decrease in the sand production has been responsible for the recession of beaches in the coastal area between Tarquinia and Montalto di Castro.

14

Small (natural) water retention in rural areas

Mioduszewski W.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2014

|

no. 20

19--29

EN

Since 1960`s in Poland a phrase „small retention” has been used although it has been unknown in other countries. “Small retention” means various forms of human activity aiming towards limiting the fast water runoff after snow melting and heavy rains. It is believed that water that has been retained in periods of its excess can supply water courses during summer. It can also be used for agricultural purposes as it increases water availability for crops and improves biodiversity of rural areas. Many different methods of water retention have been defined. Among others, increase of potential retention of surface waters can be achieved by construction of reservoirs or damming on rivers and lakes. Ground water retention capacity can be improved by increasing recharge of aquifers and improvement of soil structure in the aeration zone. Due to the form and way of implementation of small retention measures they can be divided into technical and non-technical measures. In other words, small retention can be defined as a set of measures aiming towards reconstruction of natural retention in the catchment that has been modified or destroyed by human activity. In this paper, it has been stressed that activities and tasks undertaken in Europe in recent years under phrase “increase of natural retention” can be covered by the definition of small retention.

PL

W Polsce, co najmniej od lat 60. ubiegłego stulecia używane jest sformułowanie „mała retencja”, które nie jest znane w innych krajach. Pod nazwą „mała retencja” rozumie się różne formy działalności człowieka w celu ograniczenia szybkiego odpływu wód po wiosennych roztopach i większych opadach atmosferycznych. Uważa się, że zretencjonowana woda w okresach jej nadmiaru zasila cieki latem, może być wykorzystana w celach gospodarczych, zwiększa dostępność wody dla roślin uprawnych, przyczynia się do poprawy biologicznej różnorodności obszarów wiejskich. Wyróżnia się wiele metod retencjonowania wody, głównie poprzez zwiększenie potencjalnych możliwości magazynowania wód powierzchniowych (budowa zbiorników, piętrzenie rzek i jezior), podziemnych (zwiększenie zasilania warstw wodonośnych) i glebowych (poprawa struktury gleb w strefie aeracji). Ze względu na sposób i formę realizacji małej retencji rozróżnia się działania techniczne i nietechniczne. Inaczej mówiąc, mała retencja może być rozumiana jako zestaw działań na rzecz odbudowy naturalnej retencji zlewni rzecznej, często zniszczonej w wyniku działalności człowieka. W pracy zwrócono uwagę, że podejmowane w Europie w ostatnich latach działania pod hasłem „zwiększenie naturalnej retencji” całkowicie mieszczą się w definicji małej retencji.

15

Modelling flow changes in potential climate change conditions - an example of the Kaczawa basin

Kuchar L., Iwański S., Jelonek L., Szalińska W.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

|

2012

|

Vol. 34, nr 2

51-62

EN

Climate change, regardless of the causes shaping its rate and direction, can have far-reaching environmental, economic and social impact. A major aspect that might be transformed as a result of climate change are water resources of a catchment. The article presents a possible method of predicting water resource changes by using a meteorological data generator and classical hydrological models. The assessment of water resources in a catchment for a time horizon of 30-50 years is based on an analysis of changes in annual runoff that might occur in changing meteorological conditions. The model used for runoff analysis was the hydrological rainfall-runoff NAM model. Daily meteorological data essential for running the hydrological model were generated by means of SWGEN model. Meteorological data generated for selected climate change scenarios (GISS, CCCM and GFDL) for the years 2030 and 2050 enabled analysing different variants of climate change and their potential effects. The presented results refer to potential changes in water resources of the Kaczawa catchment. It should be emphasized that the obtained results do not say which of the climate change scenarios is more likely, but they present the consequences of climate change described by these scenarios.

16

Application of Newtonian nudging data assimilation method in hydrodynamic model of flood flow in the Lower Biebrza Basin

Mirosław-Świątek D.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

|

2012

|

Vol. 34, nr 2

91-105

EN

The paper presents a 1D hydrodynamic flood flow model employing a data assimilation procedure based on Newtonian nudging. Data assimilation was used to determine correctly the upstream boundary condition defined as a discharge hydrograph. In the model developed, "nudging to individual observations" method was used. The data chosen for assimilation were water table levels recorded by a D-Diver automatic sensor installed in the river channel c. 1.5 km below a computational cross-section opening the analysed stretch of the river and the adjacent valley. This hydrological model of flood flow containing the data assimilation procedure is based on a one-dimensional Saint-Venant system of equations (dynamic wave model). The calculations were performed for the 2010 spring flood event at a 20-km stretch of the river and the floodplain in the upper part of the Lower Biebrza Basin. Modifying the boundary condition by using data assimilation has dramatically improved the accuracy of water table predictions during floods in the area of the Lower Biebrza Basin.

17

Analysis of urbanization impact on changes in river discharge - a case study of the Biała River catchment

Chormański J.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

|

2012

|

Vol. 34, nr 2

19-32

EN

The article presents a simulation of urbanization impact on runoff changes in an urbanized catchment. Application of a distributed hydrological WetSpa model enabled comprehensive use of Landsat satellite images as a source of data about contemporary and historical land cover in the catchment. The analyses conducted for the Biała river catchment, with over 60% of the area being urbanized, revealed a significant influence of changes in the size of urbanized area on runoff hydrograph.

18

Budowa geologiczna zlewni potoku Chyrowskiego w rejonie Dukli

Miziołek M., Filar B.

Nafta-Gaz

|

2012

|

R. 68, nr 11

797-809

PL

Artykuł dotyczy budowy geologicznej płaszczowiny śląskiej oraz dukielskiej w rejonie zlewni potoku Chyrowskiego, położonego na południe od Dukli. Przedstawiona w artykule budowa geologiczna tego obszaru z jednej strony opiera się na wcześniejszych mapach geologicznych tego rejonu, szczególnie zaś na mapie: Mapa geologiczna Polski w skali 1:50 000, arkusz Dukla. Z drugiej strony podstawą zaproponowanej budowy geologicznej są badania własne autora, prowadzone w terenie w 2003 r. wraz ze współpracownikami z zakładu PMG. Wykonane prace umożliwiły szczegółowe rozpoziomowanie utworów jednostki śląskiej i dukielskiej na poszczególne wydzielenia litostratygraficzne charakterystyczne dla tych jednostek oraz na przestrzenne ustalenie granic tych wydzieleń. Przedstawiono to na szczegółowej mapie geologicznej w skali 1:10 000. Należy podkreślić, że o ile budowa geologiczna jednostki śląskiej jest zbliżona do przedstawianej na dotychczasowych mapach, to budowa jednostki dukielskiej jest zdecydowanie inna niż było to dotychczas prezentowane. Interpretację budowy geologicznej przedstawiono na przekrojach geologicznych wykonanych na kierunku N.S. Pozwoliło to pokazać skomplikowany układ tektoniczny występujący na pograniczu strefy nasunięcia jednostki dukielskiej na śląską.

EN

The following text applies to the geological structure of the Silesian and Dukla nappe in the Chyrowski stream region, located south of Dukla. The geological structure presented in this article is based on previous geological maps and particularlyon the Polish Geological Map, scale 1:50 000. The geological structure of the analyzed region has been updated based on field research conducted by the author of the article in 2003. The results of the works made possible to build detailed lithostratigraphic models of the Silesian and Dukla geological units. The new details were presented on a geological map on a scale of 1:10 000. It should be noted that while the Silesian geological structure is quite similar to that depicted on existing maps, the construction of the Dukla unit is much different than it was previously presented. Interpretation of the new geological model was presented on geological crosssections with NS direction. The presented geological cross-section allowed to show a complicated tectonic system which occurs at the border of the Dukla and Silesia units.

19

Mapy ryzyka powodziowego : projekt pilotażowy w zlewni Silnicy

Drożdżal E., Grabowski M., Kondziołka K., Olbracht J., Piórecki M., Radoń R., Ryłko A.

Gospodarka Wodna

|

2009

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Nr 1

19-29

PL

Artykuł opisuje przebieg prac związanych z próbą zdefiniowania formy i zawartości map ryzyka powodziowego w kontekście wymagań Dyrektywy Powodziowej. Obszarem pilotażu była zlewnia rzeki Silni-cy, lewobrzeżnego dopływu Bobrzy w zlewni rzeki Nidy na obszarze Kielc. Taki wybór podyktowany był możliwością zebrania praktycznie wszystkich - koniecznych dla opracowania map ryzyka powodziowego — materiałów wejściowych. Pilotaż poprzedzony został - z uwagi na bardzo ograniczone w tym zakresie polskie doświadczenia-cyklem szkoleń i współpracąz niemiecką firmą inżynierską Bjornsen Beratende Ingenieure GmbH z siedzibą w Koblencji. Wiele przyjętych i opisanych w artykule rozwiązań jest rozwinięciem niemieckiej metodyki tworzenia map ryzyka powodziowego zastosowanej przy tworzeniu Atlasu Renu.

20

Wykorzystanie obrazów hiperspektralnych do klasyfikacji pokrycia terenu zlewni Bystrzanki

Olesiuk D., Zagajewski B.

Teledetekcja Środowiska

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2008

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T. 40

125--148