Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Filtration of compressible viscous-plastic oil in a porous medium

Dadash-Zade Mirza A., Aliyev Inglab N.

Nafta-Gaz

|

2023

|

R. 79, nr 6

406--411

EN

Numerous laboratory studies have shown that the change in physical and chemical properties and the geological conditions of the occurrence of hydrocarbons depend on depth. It should be noted that the change in oil properties with depth and the identification of the properties of such oils are poorly understood. In this research work, an attempt is made to study the filtration properties of anomalous oils, taking into account compressibility in reservoir conditions. The work carried out shows that the density, dynamic viscosity and the content of resins, sulfur, paraffin and asphaltene of different oil reservoirs are mainly depth dependent. The filtration characteristics of such oils that manifest themselves at a given pressure have been established. The results of modeling the filtration processes leading to the emergence of zones of increased oil compressibility, forming deep hydrocarbon fields, were used to discuss the regularities obtained. This makes it possible to determine filtration characteristics of anomalous liquid, taking into account the compressibility, which determine their higher quality indicators. The analysis shows that in the development of oil fields with anomalous properties of hydrocarbons, when recalculating the volumetric flow rate of individual wells in reservoir conditions it is necessary to use the value of the volumetric oil coefficient, taking into account its non-Newtonian properties. This technique will enable future works to study the effect of hydrodynamic imperfection of wells and the effect of formation permeability violation in their bottomhole zone on the reservoir pressure redistribution characteristics and well test results.

PL

Liczne badania laboratoryjne wykazały, że zmiana właściwości fizycznych i chemicznych oraz warunki geologiczne występowania węglowodorów zależą od głębokości usytuowania akumulacji. Należy zauważyć, że charakter zmiany właściwości ropy naftowej wraz z głębokością jest słabo rozpoznany. W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę zbadania właściwości filtracyjnych rop anomalnych, biorąc pod uwagę ściśliwość w warunkach złożowych. Przeprowadzone prace wykazały, że gęstość, lepkość dynamiczna oraz zawartość żywic, siarki, parafiny i asfaltenów w różnych złożach ropy naftowej zależą głównie od głębokości. Określono właściwości filtracyjne tych rop, ujawniające się przy określonym ciśnieniu. Do omówienia uzyskanych prawidłowości wykorzystano wyniki modelowania procesów filtracji, prowadzących do powstania stref o zwiększonej ściśliwości ropy w głębokich złożach węglowodorów. Pozwala to na ustalenie charakterystyki filtracyjnej cieczy anomalnej z uwzględnieniem ściśliwości, które determinują ich wyższe wskaźniki jakościowe. Analiza pokazuje, że przy zagospodarowaniu złóż ropy naftowej o anomalnych właściwościach, przy przeliczaniu objętościowego natężenia przepływu poszczególnych odwiertów w warunkach złożowych, konieczne jest wykorzystanie wartości współczynnika objętościowego ropy, z uwzględnieniem jego właściwości nienewtonowskich. Technika ta umożliwia w przyszłych pracach badanie wpływu niedoskonałości hydrodynamicznej odwiertów i wpływu naruszenia przepuszczalności formacji w strefie przyodwiertowej na cechy redystrybucji ciśnienia złożowego, jak również na wyniki opróbowania odwiertów.

2

Soil erosion rate and hazard level at the Sianjo-anjo Reservoir watershed in Indonesia

Gusma Felia, Azmeri Azmeri, Jemi Faris Z., Rahmatan Hafnati

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2023

|

no. 57

181--187

EN

The Sianjo-anjo reservoir is used to meet the need for downstream clean water. Land activity at the Sianjo-anjo reservoir watershed can potentially increase the rate of erosion and the silting of rivers and reservoirs due to sedimentation. Reservoir siltation is a crucial challenge for reservoir management because it can reduce its function and affect its service life. However, sediment yield is often overlooked in reservoir planning and environmental assessment. This study aims to predict the rate of land erosion and sediment yield, and create an erosion hazard map of the Sianjo-anjo reservoir watershed. The study used a Geographic Information System, GIS-based Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method and discovered that the erosion rate of the Sianjo-anjo reservoir watershed was between 35.23 Mg∙ha-1∙y-1 until 455.08 Mg∙ha-1∙y-1, with 95.85% classified as the low level, 0.03% as moderate, and 4.12% as high. Meanwhile, the sediment yield from the Sianjo-anjo reservoir watershed was 218,812.802 Mg∙y-1. USLE is vital to identify areas susceptible to erosion and crucial for reservoir sustainability. Furthermore, it is necessary to plan good sediment management. Long-term land conservation is required to maintain storage capacity and ensure effective operation of the reservoir.

3

Suchy zbiornik przeciwpowodziowy Roztoki Bystrzyckie

Anger Janusz, Opaliński Paweł, Tucholska Katarzyna, Wolff Henryk, Wróblewski Tomasz

Inżynier Budownictwa

|

2023

|

nr 9

66--71

4

The function of the Veľká Domaša reservoir In the context of observed climate changes

Bednárová Emília, Škvarka Juraj, Miščik Marián, Uhorščak Lubomír, Mackovjak Peter

Gospodarka Wodna

|

2023

|

Nr 9

39--43

EN

The importance of water reservoirs in water management does not need to be particularly justified. There is more than 6.000-year history of convincing evidence. In Slovakia, the construction of reservoirs can be dated to two periods. The first period was especially the 18th century when the construction of water reservoirs was stimulated by the need for water for the mining industry in the vicinity of Banská Štiavnica. The second period falls in the second half of the 20th century. The construction of reservoirs was initiated in the post-war period. It was the need to raise the standard of living of society, the urgency of electrification of the country, the development of industry and agriculture, the supply of drinking water to the population, flood control, the improvement of flows, etc. Reservoirs with multi-annual regulations have an important position in the types of water reservoirs since they can regulate flows over several years. This benefit is evident, especially during periods of extreme hydrological phenomena and short-term aquatic and long-term dry, so-called low-water periods. Ensuring ecological flow in riverbeds during periods of prolonged drought is a phenomenon that is fundamental from the point of view of environmental protection. We have illustrated our knowledge, and experience gained from their impact on the flows downstream of the Veľká Domaša dam. In the paper, we demonstrate the significant function of the reservoir not only for society but also for the environment by statistical processing of inflows into the reservoir and outflows into the riverbed downstream of the dam during the period of registered occurrence of extreme hydrological phenomena.

PL

Znaczenie zbiorników wodnych w gospodarowaniu wodą nie wymaga szczególnego uzasadniania. Mają one za sobą ponad 6000 lat historii ilustrującej ich znaczenie. Na Słowacji budowa zbiorników dzieli się na dwa okresy. Pierwszy miał miejsce głównie w XVIII w., kiedy budowa zbiorników wodnych została wymuszona potrzebą zapewnienia wody dla przemysłu wydobywczego w okolicy miejscowości Banská Štiavnica. Drugi okres przypada na drugą połowę XX w., na okres powojenny. Budowa zapór była spowodowana koniecznością podniesienia standardu życia społeczeństwa, elektryfikacji kraju, rozwoju przemysłu i rolnictwa, zapewnienia populacji dostaw wody pitnej, kontroli przeciwpowodziowej, poprawy przepływów itp. Zbiorniki o wieloletniej regulacji pełnią znaczącą rolę pośród różnych rodzajów zbiorników wodnych, jako że mogą one służyć do wyrównywania przepływów w okresie kilku lat. Korzyść ta jest oczywista, w szczególności w okresach ekstremalnych zjawisk hydrologicznych oraz krótkich okresów opadów i długich okresów suchych, tzw. niżówkowych. Zapewnienie ekologicznego przepływu w okresach przedłużającej się suszy jest fundamentalne z punktu widzenia ochrony środowiska. Przedstawiliśmy naszą wiedzę i doświadczenie wynikające z ich wpływu na przepływ poniżej zapory Veľká Domaša. W artykule omawiamy znaczenie roli zbiornika nie tylko dla społeczeństwa, ale również dla środowiska, poprzez statystyczne przetwarzanie dopływu do zbiornika i odpływu do koryta rzecznego poniżej zapory w okresach zarejestrowanych ekstremalnych zjawisk hydrologicznych.

5

Concept of dam reservoirs to deal with climate change impacts

Kotaška Stanislav, Říha Jaromír, Julínek Tomáš

Gospodarka Wodna

|

2023

|

Nr 9

44--47

EN

The Adapt-Dyje project is being developed in co-operation between Povodí Moravy river agency and the Institute of Global Change of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS). The project focuses on the development of a detailed hydrological and hydrodynamic simulation tool for water balance analysis in the Dyje river catchment. The aim is to evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of proposed adaptation measures under climate change conditions. One of the adaptation measures are the reservoirs located at preserved dam sites according to the Plan „Localities for Accumulation of Surface Waters" (LASW). In this study dam sites selected from LASW, namely Borovnice, Kuřimske Jestřabi, Vysočany, Brodce and Plaveč have been analyzed in more details. The purpose of the study is to assess, based on actual hydrological data, the ability to accumulate water for prescribed purposes (water supply for inhabitants and agriculture, flood protection, hydropower, assuring minimum environmental discharge below the dam) and to define rules for dam operation. The study also contains general discussion on the social and environmental conflicts. The analysis shows that 5 mentioned schemes with total reservoir volume 68 mil. m3 can provide about 2 m3/s of water for the supply and have certain flood attenuation effect.

PL

Agencja Povodí Moravy oraz Instytut Globalnej Zmiany Czeskiej Akademii Nauk współpracują przy tworzeniu projektu Adapt-Dyje, mającym na celu opracowanie narzędzia do szczegółowych symulacji hydrologicznych i hydrodynamicznych przeznaczonych do oceny bilansu wodnego w zlewni rzeki Dyje. Celem jest ocena zrównoważonego charakteru oraz skuteczności proponowanych działań adaptacyjnych do zmian klimatu. Jednym z takich działań są zbiorniki wodne umieszczone przy zaporach zgodnie z planem „Miejsc akumulacji wód powierzchniowych”. W tej analizie przeprowadzono szczegółowe badania nad zaporami wymienionymi w planie, t.j. Borovnice, Kuřimske Jestřabi, Vysočany, Brodce and Plaveč. Celem badania jest ocena, na bazie aktualnych danych hydrologicznych, zdolności do gromadzenia wody dla określonych z góry celów (zaopatrzenie w wodę mieszkańców i rolnictwa, ochrona przeciwpowodziowa, energetyka wodna, zapewnienie minimalnego zrzutu poniżej tamy) oraz określenie zasad działania zapory. Badanie obejmuje również ogólną dyskusję na temat konfliktów społeczno-środowiskowych. Analiza wskazuje, że 5 wspomnianych planów z sumą pojemności zbiorników wynoszącą 68 mln m3 może zapewnić dostawę wody na poziomie 2 m3/s oraz wywrzeć wpływ ograniczający skutki powodzi.

6

Modelling Runoff and Sedimentation Yield Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Wyra River Basin

Pindi Shyamsunder, Jayakumar K. V.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, iss. 5

84--93

EN

Sediment deposition is a natural process that occurs in all reservoirs, resulting in significant storage loss, which has an adverse effect on the economic development of the local area. It is necessary to take appropriate action to control the sedimentation and prevent loss of the storage capacity of the reservoir. In the present study, runoff and sediment data collected at the Konijerla hydrometric station of Wyra reservoir for the period of 1991 to 2019 are used. Data from 2011 to 2016 is used to calibrate and the data from 2017 to 2019 is used to validate the SWAT model. The Wyra watershed consists of 26 sub-basins and 47 HRUs (Hydrological Response Units). Out of these sub-basins, one of the sub-basins is contributing 18.8% of sedimentation. It was also observed that two other sub-basins, though less in area, generate high sediments. Seasonal sediment analysis showed that sedimentation increased by 12% in the month of August for wet years. Overall sedimentation increased in wet years by 10.60% and in dry years, it decreased by 18.78%. The SWAT model was satisfactory in the calibration and validation periods for various parameters used. Hence, this model can be used for sedimentation study, as well as a planning tool in the reservoir capacity management.

7

Implications of brecciation in Pennsylvanian Atoka Bank complex carbonates, Eddy County, New Mexico

Eren Muhsin

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

|

2023

|

Vol. 93, No. 4

345--352

EN

The Pennsylvanian Atoka bank carbonates were deposited on the northwest shelf of the Delaware Basin in Eddy County, New Mexico, forming a stratigraphic trap for natural gas. Brecciation is common in the core samples of some wells. This paper describes the brecciation in the phylloid algal limestones and discusses its origin. In the core samples, brecciated dark areas, consisting of irregularly shaped fragments, are seen together with internal sediment-filled pores, characterized by light gray coloured areas. Detailed examination of the core samples reveals that the brecciated dark areas correspond to open space areas between phylloid algal colonies, on the basis of comparison with the well-preserved primary rock texture in the cores. Brecciation is mainly due to the selective dissolution of phylloid algae that produced phylloid algal moulds, later filled by sandy internal sediments under subaerial conditions. The subsequent compaction of the limestone caused the rock to break up and formed a breccia in situ. The sandy internal sediment prevented the moulds from collapse as well as breccia formation in the pore-filling area, owing to its loose character. Overall, the brecciation process, including the dissolution of phylloid algae and breakage of the rocks, significantly improved the reservoir quality, whereas the internal sediment reduced the reservoir quality, for it reduced the porosity.

8

Rumia stawia na błękitno-zieloną infrastrukturę

Gosk Ilona, Jakubowska-Lorenz Ewa

Zieleń Miejska

|

2022

|

Nr 2

48--49

PL

W Polsce nasilają się deszcze nawalne i podtopienia. Gminy powinny przygotowywać się na nie poprzez zwiększanie lokalnej retencji, a nie odprowadzanie coraz większej ilości wody do kanalizacji, rowów i rzek. Rumia to robi, budując od kilku lat błękitno-zieloną infrastrukturę. Z Pawłem Dąbrowskim, naczelnikiem Wydziału Gospodarowania Mieniem w Urzędzie Miasta Rumii i inicjatorem wielu zastosowanych tam rozwiązań, rozmawiają Ilona Gosk i Ewa Jakubowska-Lorenz z Fundacji Sendzimira.

9

Mała retencja w miastach

Burszta-Adamiak Ewa

Zieleń Miejska

|

2022

|

Nr 4

10--12

PL

Wody opadowe – jako główne źródło wody odnawialnej – mają bezpośredni wpływ na kondycję i funkcjonowanie środowiska w miastach, a także odgrywają ważną rolę w wielu sektorach gospodarki. Ich wielofunkcyjność wynika z faktu, że zasoby wodne tworzą system naczyń połączonych, a ich ilość i jakość zależy przede wszystkim od sposobu użytkowania obszaru zlewni.

10

Kropla w morzu potrzeb

Januszczyk Wojciech

Zieleń Miejska

|

2022

|

Nr 5

46--48

PL

Gdyby porównać całą kulę ziemską do piłki nożnej, to sama woda na Ziemi byłaby piłką do tenisa. Natomiast objętość wody pitnej w tych proporcjach przypominałaby pestkę wiśni. To tylko kilka ciekawostek, a jest ich naprawdę wiele. Warto powtarzać, że wodę należy szanować, oszczędzać i wyhamować jej obieg. Zatrzymywać, zwłaszcza w obszarach miejskich. Do tego są nam potrzebne m.in. rośliny, czyli kłania się… „zarastanie”.

11

Projekt koncepcyjny systemu zagospodarowania wód opadowych dla osiedla jednorodzinnego

Suchanek-Gabzdyl Ewa

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 3 (23)

2--9

EN

The aim of the research was to create a draft concept for the management of rainwater from the area of a single-family housing estate through the use of retention and infiltration systems with the possibility of collecting rainwater on the surface or under its surface. These systems include: a storage reservoir, an absorbent trough, a rain garden, an infiltration basin, drainage boxes and root boxes. All devices have been designed in such a way that they harmonize with each other and create an extensive system of blue and green infrastructure, without overloading the sewage network. The amount of rainwater was also calculated and the planned devices were designed and dimensioned. The devices located in the estate were arranged in such a way that they could intercept water from every part of the drained area. They can hold a total of nearly 46.5 m3 of water at the same time. This gives a very high efficiency of operation in terms of protection of surface waters and retaining them at the place of their formation. Thanks to such a high absorbency of the devices used, the estate is able to work like a sponge. The accumulated water from the drained catchments is mostly drained directly into the soil profile. This has a positive effect on maintaining the appropriate quality and high level of groundwater. Water, infiltrating into the ground through drainage layers, undergoes natural pretreatment, limiting the migration of organic and mineral micro-pollutants. The applied infiltration allows to increase the efficiency of groundwater intakes without reducing their level excessively, and its maintenance is necessary to ensure an appropriate composition of these waters. Oxygenated water infiltrating the aquifer, which contains iron and manganese compounds, can oxidize sulphides to sulphates and dissolve ferric and manganese sulphates. This means an increase in costs and an extension of the purification and treatment process of the abstracted waters. The planned infiltration and retention system is of a landscape nature. It is related to the shape and development of the land surface and the directions of its use. At the same time, the systems used do not take up much space on the ground surface, give the impression of being natural, thanks to which the area around the buildings has become more attractive in terms of aestheticsand functional.

12

Large and small reservoirs of Ukraine

Khilchevskyi Valentyn, Grebin Vasyl, Dubniak Sergiy, Zabokrytska Myroslava, Bolbot Hanna

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

no. 52

101--107

EN

This article is a continuation of the topic of artificial water bodies in Ukraine, which was started in our previous publication in 2020. It was devoted to accounting and monitoring of ponds at the local and national levels. Reservoirs play important role in water supply for various sectors of the economy. For this reason, much more attention is paid to reservoirs by the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine (Ukr. Derzhavne ahentstvo vodnykh resursiv Ukrainy), the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine (Ukr. Ministerstvo ekolohii ta pryrodnykh resursiv Ukrainy), scientists and specialists. The main tasks of the article are: to establish patterns of territorial distribution of reservoirs in administrative regions and river basins districts; to identify the role of large and small reservoirs in the balance of river runoff regulation. There are 1054 reservoirs in Ukraine, so it can be considered a country rich in reservoirs. The volume of the cascade of six reservoirs on the Dnieper River and the Dniester Reservoir is 85%, other reservoirs – 15% of the total number. At the same time, there are 1047 other reservoirs (middle, small and very small), which provide for regional needs and which have their own patterns of distribution throughout the country. The main trend in their creation was water supply of industrial regions, in particular Kharkiv, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk and others. About 28% of reservoirs are leased. These reservoirs also require clear accounting and monitoring at the national level, attention from water management and environmental organizations.

13

Importance of river sediments in soil fertility

Kaletova Tatiana, Arifjanov Aybek, Samiev Luqmon, Babajanov Farrukh

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

no. 52

21--26

EN

Article deals with a fractional and chemical composition of sediments from the sediment reservoir in Ilyash village, Ferghana region, Uzbekistan (Syr Darya river basin) and analyses their feasibility. As a key factor in the study of this process was considered the fractional and agrochemical composition of sediments moving with water in the sediment reservoir, and the change of their share in the water along the length of the reservoir. The main composition of the sediments in reservoir consists of fractions >0.25 and 0.25–0.01 mm, with the average fraction of 69% in the inlet and 60% in the outlet. The river sediments are rich in minerals important for the irrigated cropland. Based on the results we conclude that it is possible to regulate the number of chemical compounds in the water by controlling the exploitation regime of reservoir and the sedimentation process in it.

14

A new “Emir” composite for the decolmatage of oil and gas layers after drilling and during deposit exploitation to increase the efficiency of hydrocarbon production

Hubych Ihor, Krupskyi Yurii, Pavlyn Mykola, Viitenko Vasyl, Feichuk Vitalii

Journal of Geotechnology and Energy

|

2022

|

Vol. 39, no. 2

5--13

EN

A new effective composite “Emir” has been created, which reduces the swelling of clay minerals and cleans the near-well zone of oil and gas-saturated layers from residues of drilling fluid, technical and formational water, resin-asphaltene components and paraffin; thereby restoring the efficiency of the well. The composite has high cleaning characteristics and the ability to foam in the presence of highly mineralized waters (up to 250 g/l), oil products and mineral acids. It also forms both straight and reverse mobile water-oil emulsions, which is important for cleaning oil layers. Based on the results of testing the “Emir” composite in production conditions on gas and oil wells, it was concluded that the use of “Emir” allows the discharge of hydrocarbon fluids to increase from 20% to 50% or more. The “Emir” composite can also be used on “low-flow” wells which have been clogged or eliminated for geological and technical reasons; this makes it possible to significantly increase the recoverable reserves of hydrocarbons in various oil and gas-bearing regions, especially taking into account the small volumes of drilling and the low success rate of searching for new oil and gas fields.

15

Preliminary Studies of the Water Quality in the Reservoir Wielkopolska at Different Times of Operation on the Basis of Selected Indicators

Walczak Natalia, Walczak Zbigniew

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 22, nr 2

77--85

EN

For the purposes of research and this resultant publication, the water quality was tested in three reservoirs differing in operating times. It was assumed that the study period covering autumn, spring and early summer was the period with the most visible changes in the concentrations of pollutants. The samples taken from the reservoirs were analysed by determining biological oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia concentration (NH4), phosphate concentration (PO4) and total suspended solids. The use of indicators allowed for assessing the quality of water in these reservoirs and comparing it in terms of different periods of their operation. It was also observed that the water flowing into the Roszków and Jeżewo reservoirs (two oldest reservoirs) was of worse quality than the outgoing water. In the case of the newest reservoir, the water quality at the outflow deteriorated in relation to all indicators.

16

Changes in Selected Water Quality Indicators of the Warta River Due to the Jeziorsko Dam Reservoir

Hämmerling Mateusz, Spychała Marcin, Walczak Natalia, Stachowski Piotr, Nguyen Thanh Hung

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2020

|

Tom 22, cz. 2

1044--1057

EN

Many factors affect the quality of water in rivers, including: types of pollution sources, the shape of the catchment, the type of land use, the amount of pollution flowing in. The construction of a retention reservoir is one of the factors affecting changes in the river valley related to the landscape, the environment, and water flow hydraulics. Reducing the velocity of water flow on the section of the reservoir causes changes in the characteristics of the movement of pollutants, some of them are deposited in the reservoir. The article analyzes water quality parameters at intake points located below (Uniejów) and above (Biskupice) of the Jeziorsko dam on the Warta River. The variability of such parameters as BOD5, TOC, pH, temperature, Ntot, Ptot was analyzed. The research also analyzed the dynamics of water inflow and outflow from the reservoir. The actual water retention time in the reservoir, which makes interpretation of the results difficult. The most indicators were characterized by the significance of differences for research in 2014.

PL

Na jakość wody w rzekach wpływa wiele czynników do których należą: rodzaje źródeł zanieczyszczeń, ukształtowanie zlewni, rodzaj użytkowania terenu, ilość dopływających zanieczyszczeń. Budowa zbiornika retencyjnego jest jednym z czynników wpływających na zmiany w dolinie rzecznej związane z krajobrazem, środowiskiem, hydrauliką przepływu wody. Zmniejszenie prędkości przepływu wody na odcinku zbiornika powoduje zmiany w charakterystyce przemieszczania się zanieczyszczeń, część z nich osadza się w zbiorniku. W artykule przeanalizowano parametry jakości wody w punktach poboru zlokalizowanych poniżej (Uniejów) i powyżej (Biskupice) zapory zbiornika Jeziorsko na rzece Warcie. Analizie poddano zmienność takich parametrów jak BZT5, OWO, pH, temperatura, Nog, Fog. W badaniach przeanalizowano również dynamikę dopływu i odpływu wody ze zbiornika. Rzeczywisty czas retencji wody w zbiorniku jest różny co utrudnia interpretację wyników. Najwięcej wskaźników charakteryzowało się istotnością różnic dla badań w 2014 roku.

17

Bioremediacja mikrobiologiczna zdegradowanych wód jako alternatywa dla metod chemicznego oczyszczania zbiorników wodnych

Mazur Agata, Wagner Aleksandra, Mazur Robert, Bedla Dawid

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2020

|

T. 99, nr 9

1344--1347

PL

Aby ograniczyć tworzenie się osadów dennych w Jeziorze Kórnickim zastosowano dwojakiego rodzaju biopreparaty mikrobiologiczne. Bioremediacja mikrobiologiczna doprowadziła do stopniowej poprawy jakości i czystości wody.

EN

The water in a Polish lake was microbiol. treated to limit the formation of bottom sediments. Two microbiological bioremediation preparations were used for bioremediation. Their use resulted in a stable improvement of the water quality and in an increase of water purity.

18

Temperature and ice regimes of waterbodies under the impacts of global warming and a hydropower plant

Vyshnevskyi Viktor Ivanovych

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

|

2020

|

Vol. 8, Iss. 2

38--45

EN

Based on the results of regular monitoring and remote sensing data the patterns of water temperature and ice regime of the Dnipro River within Kyiv, as affected by global warming and a hydropower plant, were identified. The characteristic features of this stretch of the river are increasing water temperature, and the decreasing thickness and duration of ice cover. The largest water temperature increase is in summer, with a somewhat smaller increase in autumn. The increase of water temperature in spring is much less than the increase in air temperature. In summer, the gradient of water temperature increase is a little bit less than that of air temperature. In autumn, the gradient of water temperature increase is larger than the gradient of air temperature increase. From April to August the lowest water temperature is usually observed near the Kyivska hydropower plant (HPP), which is located upstream. During this period the water temperature downstream from HPP increases. The uneven daily operation of HPP causes the alternation of areas with different temperature along the Dnipro River. In the cold season the water temperature in the Dnipro River is usually higher than in other nearby urban water bodies. Freezing of the water area usually starts from the small and shallow lakes and ponds. The main branch of the Dnipro River freezes last. On the whole, the sequence of ice melting on the waterbodies is the reverse of the freezing process. The longest ice cover duration in spring is observed in the bays with small water exchange, mainly located at a large distance from Kyivska HPP.

19

Volume estimation of lakes and reservoirs based on aquatic drone surveys: The case study of Tuscany, Italy

Giambastiani Yamuna, Giusti Riccardo, Cecchi Stefano, Palomba Francesca, Manetti Francesco, Romanelli Stefano, Bottai Lorenzo

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

|

no. 46

84--96

EN

Following flood events and cloudbursts alternating with long drought periods, interest grew in the reservoirs, lakes and water basins in the Tuscany region. In-depth studies are needed to understand the role of water bodies in territorial resilience to climate change. Water volume is the main information to be collected to quantify and monitor their capacity. In this study, a methodology was developed for the estimation of water volume, based on depth measurements taken by sensors with low detection time and costs that can quantify the resource on a regional scale. The depth measuring instrument was a portable sounder with 95 satellite positioning system (Deeper Smart Sonar PRO + (WI-FI + GPS). 204 water bodies were measured. The results indicate that depth is a fundamental parameter to be detected in the field, to obtain the volume with automatic and precise tools. The calculated volume correlates well with the real volume with an R2 = 0.94. Elaboration of the results led to a model being developed to estimate the volume, knowing only the lake surface area. The database created can be used to conduct future studies on the dynamics of water resources in relation to climate change. It will also be possible to make comparisons with data obtained from satellite and LiDAR (light detection and ranging) surveys.

20

El-Nino effect on reservoir capacity reliability: Case study of Sumi dam, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia

Andawayanti Ussy, Yasa I. Wayan, Bisri Mohammad, Sholichin Mochamad, Sulianto

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

|

no. 44

1--7

EN

Reservoirs have a very important function in providing multi-sector water requirements. In the future, reservoirs not only serve to store and available water can also be used as disaster mitigation instruments. The completeness of hydrological measurements in reservoirs can be expanded more widely for climate change mitigation. The reliability of the reservoir capacity varies greatly depending on the El-Nino character that occurs among them El-Nino is weak, moderate, strong and very strong. The El-Nino characteristic is very influential on the period of water availability, the increase of evaporation capacity and decrease of reservoir capacity. Analysis of the reliability of the reservoir volume due to El-Nino using the Weibull equation. The deficit reservoir was calculated using the concept of water balance in the reservoir that is the relationship between inflow, outflow, and change of storage at the same time. Based on the results of the analysis showed that the evaporation increase and the decrease of reservoir capacity had a different pattern that is when the evaporation capacity started to increase at the same time the reservoir capacity decreased significantly. The correlation coefficient between evaporation capacity increase and decrease of reservoir water capacity are consecutively –0.828, –0.636, and –0.777 for El- Nino weak, moderate and very strong respectively. At the reservoir capacity reliability of 50% reservoir has a significant deficit. When weak El-Nino the deficit is 2.30∙106 m3, moderate: 6.58∙106 m3, and very strong 8.85∙106 m3.