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1

Cork Oak in the Maamora Forest (Morocco) – Updating its Distribution and Optimizing Cork Productivity for Sustainable Development

Ghazi Souad, Ziri Rabea, Brhadda Najiba, Chemchaoui Abdelazziz, Alaoui Hassana Ismaili, Boukita Hassan, El Asri Bouchra, Jdi Lahbib

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

288--299

EN

In order to optimize cork productivity in the Maamora forest, specifically in the northern part of the A, B, C, D, and E cantons, the study focused on the analysis and updating of the distribution of productive cork oak (Quercus suber L.) stands as well as the evaluation of cork production over the past two decades. For this purpose, the available maps were corrected and updated using GPS data and field surveys between 2019 and 2022. Similarly, a thorough examination of the archives related to cork harvesting from the water and forestry administration was conducted and enriched by data collection during the survey. The obtained results indicate that the productive area is approximately 39% of the total area in the study zone. Simultaneously, statistical data has highlighted significant fluctuations in the annual gross cork production, coupled with a concerning decrease of 21.29% during the second rotation. Indeed, during the second rotation, 30% of the productive area was not harvested, compared to approximately 14% during the first rotation. Similarly, only 59% of the productive area underwent two harvest cycles. Despite these fluctuations, the recorded productivity during the second rotation, at 0.68 stere/hectare/year, remains above the national average. The differences between cantons are also noteworthy, emphasizing the impact of local factors on cork harvesting. In this context, ensuring sustained cork productivity while ensuring the sustainability of vegetal capital against climate change requires the implementation of an adaptive management approach.

2

The impact of the organization of the working day on production efficiency in the laboratory of plant tissue cultures

Pożoga Mariusz, Olewnicki Dawid

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 170

393--406

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study was to rate the employee’s productivity on different work day organization and to indicate the most optimal work schedule. Design/methodology/approach: For the research presented in this paper, strong literature review was done. We showed why human workforce is so important in tissue culture laboratory and why proper work organization is essential for increasing competitiveness of companies. Literature in the field of overtime work and short, elastic hours of work was also presented. Our research design checked effectiveness of work of ten employees of tissue culture laboratory in five different workday schedules. First combination was control and four other investigated influence of six hour work on main task in different arrangements on productivity. Data was statistically analysed with Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Productivity Index and Labour Productivity Index were also used for better results processing. Findings: The highest employees productivity is concentrated in the middle of work day. In conventional eight hour workday, the highest productivity is just after fifteen minute break. Six hour workday has big potential in increasing work, especially when main task is not interrupted by other activities and when work starts at the beginning of workday. Research limitations/implications: In future, research should be expanded on employees efficiency in work with bioreactor and costs analysis of plant production in such system. Practical implications: Our results are directed to plant tissue culture companies and others where employees are essential and their work requires concentration during repetitive activities. We suggest solutions increasing work efficiency. Originality/value: Our work presents hour after hour analysis of work efficiency in different workday organization in plant tissue culture company.

3

Klimat i oceanografia przełomu jury i kredy zachodniej Tetydy

Lodowski Damian Gerard

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71. nr 10

514--522

EN

The key aspect for evaluation of potential effects of ongoing environmental changes is identification of their controlson one hand, and understanding of their mutual relations on other. In this context, the best source of information about medium and long term coThe key aspect for evaluation of potential effects of ongoing environmental changes is identification of their controlson one hand, and understanding of their mutual relations on other. In this context, the best source of information about medium and long term consequences of various environmental processes is the geologic record. Numerous different-scale palaeoenvironmental events took place during the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition; amongst them, the best documented so far are: long term marine regression during the Tithonian-early Berriasian, climate aridization during the late Tithonian-early Berriasian, and tectonic activity in western parts of the Neo Tethys Ocean during the late Berriasian-Valanginian. This study, which is based on the Ph Ddissertation of Damian Gerard Lodowski, attempts to reconstruct the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous paleoenvironment and its evolution in the area of the Western Tethys, with special attention paid to cause-and-effect relationships between climate changes, tectonic activity and oceanographic conditions (perturbations in marine circulation and bioproductivity). Here are presented the basic results of high-resolution geochemical investigations performed in the Transdanubian Range (Hárskút and Lókút, Hungary), High-Tatric (Giewont, Poland) and Lower Sub-Tatric (Pośrednie III, Poland) series, Pieniny Klippen Belt (Brodno and Snežnica, Slovakia; Velykyi Kamianets, Ukraine) and Western Balkan (Barlya, Bulgaria) sections. The sections were correlated and compared in terms ofpaleoredox conditions (authigenic U), accumulation of micronutrient-type element (Zn) and climate changes (chemical index of alteration, CIA), providinga consistent scenario of the Tithonian-Berriasian palaeoenvironment evolution in various western Tethyan basins. Amongst the first-order trends and events, characteristic of studied sections are the two intervals recording an oxygen deficient at the seafloor: 1) the upper Tithonian-lowermost Berriasian (OD I); and 2) at the lower/upper Berriasian transition (OD II). Noteworthy, this phenomena cooccurred with elevated accumulations of nutrient-type elements (i. e. enrichment factor of Zn). Besides, collected data document the late Tithonian-early Berriasian trend of climate aridization, as well as the late Berriasian humidification. Such record is explained by a model, in which decreasing intensity of atmospheric circulation during the late Tithonian-early Berriasian was directly connected with climate cooling and aridization. This process resulted in lesser efficiency of up- and/or downwelling currents, which induced sea water stratification, seafloor hypoxia and perturbations in the nutrient-shuttle process during the OD I. On the other hand, the OD II interval may correspond to tectonic reactivation in the Neo Tethyan Collision Belt. This process might have led to physical cutoff of Alpine Tethys basins from the Neo Tethyan circulation (both atmospheric and oceanic), driving the limited stratification in the former, and limiting the effect of gradual humidification of global climate (i.e. due to increasing strength of monsoons and monsoonal upwellings). nsequences of various environmental processes is the geologic record. Numerous different-scale palaeoenvironmental events took place during the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition; amongst them, the best documented so far are: long term marine regression during the Tithonian-early Berriasian, climate aridization during the late Tithonian-early Berriasian, and tectonic activity in western parts of the Neo Tethys Ocean during the late Berriasian-Valanginian. This study, which is based on the Ph Ddissertation of Damian Gerard Lodowski, attempts to reconstruct the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous paleoenvironment and its evolution in the area of the Western Tethys, with special attention paid to cause-and-effect relationships between climate changes, tectonic activity and oceanographic conditions (perturbations in marine circulation and bioproductivity). Here are presented the basic results of high-resolution geochemical investigations performed in the Transdanubian Range (Hárskút and Lókút, Hungary), High-Tatric (Giewont, Poland) and Lower Sub-Tatric (Pośrednie III, Poland) series, Pieniny Klippen Belt (Brodno and Snežnica, Slovakia; Velykyi Kamianets, Ukraine) and Western Balkan (Barlya, Bulgaria) sections. The sections were correlated and compared in terms ofpaleoredox conditions (authigenic U), accumulation of micronutrient-type element (Zn) and climate changes (chemical index of alteration, CIA), providinga consistent scenario of the Tithonian-Berriasian palaeoenvironment evolution in various western Tethyan basins. Amongst the first-order trends and events, characteristic of studied sections are the two intervals recording an oxygen deficient at the seafloor: 1) the upper Tithonian-lowermost Berriasian (OD I); and 2) at the lower/upper Berriasian transition (OD II). Noteworthy, this phenomena cooccurred with elevated accumulations of nutrient-type elements (i. e. enrichment factor of Zn). Besides, collected data document the late Tithonian-early Berriasian trend of climate aridization, as well as the late Berriasian humidification. Such record is explained by a model, in which decreasing intensity of atmospheric circulation during the late Tithonian-early Berriasian was directly connected with climate cooling and aridization. This process resulted in lesser efficiency of up- and/or downwelling currents, which induced sea water stratification, seafloor hypoxia and perturbations in the nutrient-shuttle process during the OD I. On the other hand, the OD II interval may correspond to tectonic reactivation in the Neo Tethyan Collision Belt. This process might have led to physical cutoff of Alpine Tethys basins from the Neo Tethyan circulation (both atmospheric and oceanic), driving the limited stratification in the former, and limiting the effect of gradual humidification of global climate (i.e. due to increasing strength of monsoons and monsoonal upwellings).

4

Technical study of the installation of a watercress nectar processor to reduce anemia in adults

Manrique-Suarez Luis-Alberto, Ochoa-Sotomayor Nancy-Alejandra, Salazar-Robles Héctor-Gavino, Flores-Masías Edward José

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2023

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nr 1 (31)

59--70

EN

Peru has a diversity of exotic fruits and plants with recognized yields for food and health protection. Nectars are highly consumed food products, made from fruits or vegetables. The objective for the present work was to carry out the technical study of the installation of a watercress nectar processor to reduce anemia in adults; identify the demand, technical requirements for the operation and profitability of the processing facilities. Methodology. The analytical-synthetic method was used; The population of the target market was analyzed, the size of the sample was determined with the coefficient of variation method, (n = 384), the instrument used was the survey; the technical, economic-financial study was carried out. The results were the growth in the demand for nectars of 59.82%, with respect to the economic-financial evaluation, it has been shown that the results are satisfactory for the installation of the plant, with the economic and financial IRR, both rates proving to be attractive. for the project. From the projected income statement for the 2021-2025 period, it can be deduced that for 2025 there was a net profit of S/316,971.39. Other indicators such as the economic and financial NPV, the B/C ratio and the PRI that were satisfactory for the Project, making its execution viable. The conclusion this study was the technical study for the installation of a nectar processing plant to reduce anemia in adults in Lima, which was viable in terms of operation and profitability, taking advantage of its healing and nutritional properties.

5

Space-time quantification of aboveground net primary productivity service supply capacity in high Andean bofedales using remote sensors

Cano Deyvis, Crispin Astrid, Custodio María, Chanamé Fernán, Peñaloza Richard, Pizarro Samuel

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 56

172--181

EN

The aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of bofedales is one of the most important indicators for the provision of ecosystem services in the high Andean areas. In the case of bofedales, the evaluation of the ANPP supply capacity as a service on a spatial and temporal scale through remote sensing has been little addressed. The capacity, intra and interannual, to provide the ANPP of the high Andean wetlands was quantified at a spatial and temporal level through remote sensing. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the MODIS sensor was used according to the Monteith model (1972), product of the incident photosynthetically active radiation, fraction of the absorbed radiation, and the efficiency of using the radiation of the calibrated vegetation with dry matter sampling in the field. Results show an ANPP prediction R 2 of 0.52 (p < 0.05), with no significant spatial difference between field samples. When applying the model, the intra-annual temporary ANPP supply capacity presents a maximum average of 160.54 kg DM·ha -1·month -1 in the rainy season (December-May) and a maximum average of 81.17 kg DM·ha -1·month in the dry season (June-October). In 2003-2020, the interannual temporary capacity presented values of 1100-1700 kg DM·ha -1·year -1. This makes it possible not to affect the sustainability of the wetlands and prevent their depletion and degradation. Understanding the ANPP supply capacity of bofedales can favour the efficient use of the resource and indirectly benefit its conservation.

6

Productivity of Cotton in Association with Food Crops in Soil without Nutritional Assistances

Montero-Cedeño Silvia Lorena, Cañarte-Bermúdez Ernesto Gonzalo, Navarrete-Cedeño Jose Bernardo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

75--85

EN

Intercropped systems have agro-ecological and socioeconomic advantages over monocultures. Cotton is used in systems associated with food crops as an option to increase sustainability in family farming. The objective of this research was to evaluate the productivity of cotton in association with food crops, without using any nutritional assistance in the soil. This study was conducted on the rainy season of 2020 in Manabí-Ecuador. Six treatments were performed: four treatments related with the association of cotton with peanut, cowpea bean, field corn, and sweet corn; and two treatments with cotton monoculture (with and without soil fertilization). Agronomic, productive, and phytosanitary variables were evaluated in 60 m2 experimental plots. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. The results determined that cotton yield in the association with peanut was significantly equal to the monoculture with and without fertilization. In the intercropped food crops, there was a reduction in production in relation to the monocultures. However, it was the peanut in association with cotton with the lowest reduction, in addition to presenting the best Land Equivalence Ratio (1.71) and the best Marginal Rate of Return (120.56%), which suggests that this association is a viable alternative and easy to adopt by the small cotton producer.

7

Impact of Global and Regional Climate Changes upon the Crop Yields

Kaminskiy Viktor, Asanishvili Nadia, Bulgakov Volodymyr, Kaminska Valentyna, Dukulis Ilmars, Ivanovs Semjons

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 4

71--77

EN

The negative impact of global and regional climate changes upon the crop yields leads to the violation of the crop production stability. The development of reliable methods for assessment of the climatic factors by the reaction of the crops to them in order to minimize the impact of climatic stresses upon the sustainability of food systems is an urgent scientific task. This problem was studied on the example of growing corn. A mathematical analysis of the main meteorological indicators for 16 years of research has been performed on the basis of which the frequency and direction of the occurrence of atypical and extreme weather conditions in various periods of the corn vegetation season were established by the coefficient of significance of deviations of the weather elements from the average long-term norm. It has been proved that the probability of occurrence of such weather conditions in the period from April to September is 38–81% in terms of the average temperature of the month, and 31–69% in terms of precipitation. By using the information base of the corn yields in a stationary field experiment with the gradations of factors: A (the fertilizer option) – A1-A12, B (the crop care method) – B1-B3, C (the hybrid) – C1-C7, the most critical month of the corn ontogeny was established when the weather has a decisive influence upon the formation of the crop. With the help of the correlation-regression analysis it was proved that the corn yield most significantly depends on the average monthly temperature in June, and for the hybrids with FАО 200–299 – on the amount of precipitation in the month of May. The obtained mathematical models make it possible to predict the yield of corn at a high level of reliability depending on the indicators of the main climate-forming factors in June, that is, even before the flowering of the plants (before the stage of ВВСН 61).

8

Growing Conditions and System Productivity in a Closed-Loop Aquaponic System Under Varying Stocking Density

Fabula Jeannie-Rose G., Gavino Helen F., Sace Chito F., Cinense Marvin M., Sicat Emmanuel V., Abucay Jose S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

25--39

EN

Aquaponics is an integrated form of a multi-commodity production system that combines a recirculating aquaculture system with the hydroponic cultivation of crops using the same water via recirculation using pumps. However, the ideal density of cultured aquatic species and the suitable fish/plants/fish feed combinations applicable under aquaponics must be established to determine its impact on the system’s performance, including the local growing conditions that could affect its productivity. Eighteen aquaponic systems following a closed-loop water recirculation method were established for the production of red tilapia, giant river prawns, lettuce, and duckweed. The study aimed to establish the ambient growing condition, water quality, and productivity of the system subjected to different stocking densities of fish (RT24 – 24 fish/m3, and RT48 – 48 fish/m3) and prawn (P0 – zero prawn, P12 – 12 prawns/m2, and P25 – 25 prawns/m2. Results show that with an ambient air temperature and humidity ranging from 30–35 °C and 52–71% during the production, the obtained water quality conditions in the system were: water temperature 27–30 °C; dissolved oxygen (DO) 2.8–3.3 mg/L; pH – 8.3; total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) close to 0, Nitrite – 0; Nitrate – 40 to 160 mg/L; total dissolved solids (TDS) – 580 mg/L; and a daily water loss of 1.47% which were within the tolerable growth conditions of the different species. The stocking density of 24 fish/m3 and 12 prawns/m2 resulted in better growth and yield performance of the cultured aquatic species. However, the stocking densities had no significant effect on the growth and yield of lettuce and duckweed.

9

Formation of the Yield of Matricaria recutita and Indicators of Food Value of Sychorium intybus by Technological Methods of Co-Cultivation in the Interrows of an Orchard

Bakhmat Mykola, Padalko Tatiana, Krachan Tatiana, Tkach Oleg, Pantsyreva Hanna, Tkach Liliya

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 8

250--259

EN

This study was aimed at theoretical generalizations and experimental results of research on the influence of the combined cultivation of medicinal plants wild chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) and root chicory (Sychorium intybus L.) in the rows of gardens, which actualizes the issue of increasing productivity in industrial orchards. Therefore, the authors strove to increase the efficiency of growing research crops using fruit plantations, thereby ensuring a shortened payback period for capital investments spent on their creation. The conducted scientific studies have shown that the effect of aster yield on the content of bioactive substances in medicinal plant raw materials depends on the type of soil and climatic conditions of the studied territory, the cultivar, the sowing period, the genetic characteristics of the seeds, and the sowing conditions, etc. The purpose of the conducted research was to determine the patterns of crop formation of the presented medicinal plants in the inter-row orchard according to the elements of agricultural techniques of cultivation under the agroecological conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. As a result of the conducted research, the expediency of cultivating existing plants on the area of the allotted plot was confirmed. The optimal timing of autumn sowing for cultivar ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ with a seeding rate of 6 kg/ha and a yield of dry mass of inflorescences of 1.81 t•ha−1 was studied. The main indicators of the seedless method of planting chicory root crops of the second year for wintering in the open ground were established, while 35–40 t•ha−1 of high-quality root crops were obtained. Using the methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the raw materials of chamomile medicinal cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ and ‘Bodegold’ were investigated for the content of flavonoids, chamazulene and its derivatives, as one of the important indicators of the quality of the essential oil, as well as the component composition of the root chicory cultivars ‘Umansky-99’ and ‘Umansky-97’, in relation to the quantitative ratio hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids in a 1:1 infusion. Accumulation of inulin continued throughout the growing season of root chicory, reaching the optimal content at the beginning of technical ripeness, and the highest rate was 11.5–17.51% in the sub-winter sowing period.

10

Dynamics of Productivity of Leguminous Plant Groups during Long-Term Use on Different Nutritional Backgrounds

Karbivska Uliana, Butenko Andrii, Kozak Maksym, Filon Vasyl, Bahorka Mariia, Yurchenko Nataliiа, Pshychenko Olena, Kyrylchuk Kateryna, Kharchenko Serhii, Kovalenko Ievgenii

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

190--196

EN

Deterioration of ecological situation, increase of mineral fertilizer prices and their foreseen increase in recent years force us to look for the ways to reduce the rates of their application and alternative means of maintaining high productivity of sown fodder lands. Fertilization was and remains one of the decisive ways of increasing haymaking productivity, as well as increasing their economic efficiency. The productivity of leguminous grasses based on the study of agrotechnological measures of cultivation in the conditions of the Carpathian region is currently relevant. The studied species of perennial grasses, during the three-year cultivation, showed that the largest number of shoots was formed on the variant with horned sedge and was 1185–1201 pieces/m2. Medicago sativa had the smallest number of shoots (470 pics/m2, control (without fertilizers)). Trifolium pratense and Lotus corniculatus provided the highest productivity in relation to other species from 20 to 31%. Analysis of single–species crops productivity of perennial bean grasses by cuttings showed that the peculiarities obtained on average for all slopes, were also similar in each of two slopes. During the three–year use of the herbage on the yield from 1 ha of dry mass in both slopes, the herbage factor had the greatest influence, the share of which was 61–62%, while the share of the influence of fertilizer was 38–39%.

11

Determining the Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis in the Purification of Water from Phosphates

Gomelya Mykola, Shabliy Tetyana, Radovenchyk Iaroslav, Vakulenko Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 2

238--246

EN

Processes of water purification from phosphates using a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane were studied. It was shown that the concentration of phosphates in the permeate largely depends on their initial concentration in the water and increases along with the degree of permeate selection. It was established that when using the Filmtec TW3–1812–50 membrane for phosphate concentrations up to 20 mg/dm3, their concentration in the permeate does not exceed 2.5 mg/dm3 with a degree of permeate selection up to 90% when cleaning solutions in distilled and artesian water. This value is below the permissible level for drinking water. When the concentration of phosphates increases to 100 and 1000 mg/dm3, their content in the permeate increases sharply to the values significantly higher than the permissible level in both drinking and wastewater. When sodium orthophosphate was added to artesian water, the effectiveness of its purification on this membrane with respect to chlorides, sulfates, hardness ions, and hydrocarbons was high. This indicates that the cartridges with these membranes can be used both in industrial installations and in households for further purification of artesian and tap water to drinking water quality.

12

Choosing Important Traits for the Model of High-Yielding Winter Wheat Variety Based on the Results of Regional Ecological Varietal Testing

Lykhovyd Pavlo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

8--12

EN

Current study is devoted to the development of an ideotype of winter wheat variety for cultivation in the conditions of the South of Ukraine. The investigation is based on the results of regional ecological varietal testing, conducted in the Southern Steppe zone on the non-irrigated lands. Varietal traits, included in the study, embraced growing season duration, 1000 grains weight, plant height, and ear length. The results of the testing were further processed using statistical procedures of linear Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. As a result, the model of a winter wheat variety for the non-irrigated lands of the South of Ukraine was developed. The developed model is characterized by very high fitting quality (R2 = 0.9476) and good prediction accuracy (MAPE = 23.27%). According to the model, the variety should be late ripening with moderate to high plant height to provide the highest grain yield. The trait of 1000 grains weight was found out to be unimportant. The main trait, providing for the grain yield increase, is growing season duration, which must be long enough. Further ecological varietal testing studies with inclusion of additional varietal traits, such as cold-resistance, drought-resistance, frost-resistance, tolerance to diseases, etc., are to be conducted to extend the ideotype of winter wheat.

13

Resource efficiency indicators in measuring eco-innovation in EU countries

Pakulska Jolanta, Rutkowska Małgorzata

Economics and Environment

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2023

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No. 4

1--14

EN

The aim of the article is to analyse the diversity of the level of eco-innovation in the EU Member States in the field of resource efficiency. For this purpose, the resource efficiency outcomes indicator and its sub-indicators were used. The study was prepared on the basis of data from the General Directorate for the Environment. Using positional statistical measures, an analysis of the diversification of the eco-innovation level of the European Union Member States in 2012-2021 was carried out, and the trends of changes in this differentiation were identified. The analysis showed that the difference between the level of eco-innovation in the indicators studied in the EU Member States does not decrease, and there is still a very large difference between the most and the least innovative countries. To date, we have not found this kind of research, so the research carried out fills the research gap in this area.

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza zróżnicowania poziomu ekoinnowacji w państwach członkowskich UE w zakresie efektywnego gospodarowania zasobami. W tym celu wykorzystano wskaźnik wyników w zakresie efektywnego gospodarowania zasobami i jego wskaźniki cząstkowe. Badanie zostało przygotowane na podstawie danych Generalnej Dyrekcji ds. Środowiska. Za pomocą pozycyjnych miar statystycznych przeprowadzono analizę dywersyfikacji poziomu ekoinnowacji państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej w latach 2012-2021 oraz zidentyfikowano tendencje zmian w tym zróżnicowaniu. Analiza wykazała, że różnica między poziomem ekoinnowacji we wskaźnikach badanych w państwach członkowskich UE nie zmniejsza się i nadal istnieje bardzo duża różnica między krajami najbardziej i najmniej innowacyjnymi. W literaturze brakuje tego typu analiz, więc przeprowadzone badania wypełniają lukę badawczą w tym obszarze.

14

The Influence of Growth Regulators on the Productivity of Flax Plants

Khodanitska Olena, Shevchuk Oksana, Tkachuk Olesia, Kuryata Volodymyr, Polyvanyi Stepan, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Kryklyvyi Rostyslav

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 5

163--169

EN

Contemporary agrobiology is aimed at solving the problem of sufficiently stable agricultural crop yield, given the principles of eco-friendly nature use and mandatory monitoring of anthropogenic load on agrocenoses. Hormonal regulation of physiological functions, including the use of preparations based on phytohormones and modifiers of their activity, is one of the topical directions for tackling the problem of plant productivity. The article presents the research results of the effect of the inhibitor of antigibberellin action – chlormequat chloride – and the stimulator based on treptoleum phytohormones on the processes of morphogenesis, the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus, and the yield of flax plants. The plant height is established to decrease under the action of chlormequat chloride, and increase under the influence of treptolem. Both preparations caused an increase in the flax stem diameter. When applying growth regulators, the number of leaves and their total surface area, duration of functioning increased, which generally contributed to the improvement of the crop structure and flax plants productivity. Determination of the content of residual amounts of drugs was carried out on samples of leaves and stems of flax, while the complete absence or traces of chlormequat chloride was noted.

15

Response of Soft Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers in a Semi-Arid Rainfed Mediterranean Climate Area of Morocco

Amine El Mzouri Mohamed, Karima Samir, El Houssine El Mzouri

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 7

229--236

EN

Reasoned fertilization is an essential element of the agroecological approach, which aims first and foremost to improve soil and plant growth. The objective was to examine how slow-release nitrogen fertilizer will perform on the wheat productivity compared to conventional quick-release nitrogen fertilizers. A slow-release nitrogen cover fertilizer Duramon (24% N) was applied to soft wheat and compared to conventional nitrogen fertilizers as well as the local farmer practices. A randomized complete blocks design was adopted with four replications and four sites and repeated during three cropping seasons. Stand density, plant canopy height, tillers/plant, spikes/plant, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index were evaluated. Compared with conventional quick-release nitrogen fertilizers, the slow-release nitrogen significantly (P≤0.05) improved tillering, spikes/plant, canopy height, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index. It achieved an average total biomass and grain yields of 3220 kg DM/ha and 978 kg/ha, respectively. The average gains for total biomass and grain yields were 14% and 21%, respectively. However, when compared with the local farmers’ practices, the gains obtained were significantly higher, with 123% and 175% for the slow-release N fertilizer and 95% and 128% for the conventional quick-release N fertilizer, respectively. The harvest index was improved by N application, rising from 25% in local controls up to 30% for slow-release N fertilizers. In conclusion, compared with conventional quick-release nitrogen fertilizers and local practices, the use of slow-release fertilizers with less units of nitrogen applied significantly improved spikes number, biological and grain yields and harvest index, even in dry years.

16

Effect of Using Basal Fertilizer 15-15-15 on Leaf Chlorophyll a Fluorescence, Plant Growth and Fruit Yield of Table Grapes Grown under the Mediterranean Climate Conditions of the Northeast of Morocco

Amsaadi Khadija, Lahlali Rachid, Aberkani Kamal

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 7

129--138

EN

Plant nutrition presents one of the main concerns of table growers in Morocco. Since the increase of the prices of fertilizers, the optimization of the amount of nutrients elements is important. Crop deficiency in terms of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) was demonstrated to decrease growth and productivity of plants. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of adding Basal N-P-K Fertilizer (15-15-15) to soil on some physiological parameters of table grapes, such as chlorophyll fluorescence, plant growth and fruit yield. Trials were conducted northeast of Morocco and under Mediterranean climate conditions on a production of 8-year-old table grapes (v. Regal). The planting density was 2000 plants/ha. In a field of 10 ha of commercial production, a plot of twenty-four trees were selected for each treatment (control (C) and treated (Tr) plants with basal fertilizer). A basal fertilizer (15-15-15) was applied in the beginning of the vegetative growth stage, at 5 cm above to the root system. An amount of 150 g/tree was applied. A conventional fertilization program was used by the grower in both control and treated plots, except for the prototype treatment plots where the basal fertilizer was only applied. No significant effect of the treatment on plant growth and fruit yield was noted. Moreover, no significant difference was recorded on leaves relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content (LCC), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as: F0, Fm, Fv/Fm, Vi Vj, ABS/RC, DI0/RC, TR0/RC, ET0/RC and RE0/RC.

17

Competitiveness and Advantages of Camelina sativa on the Market of Oil Crops

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Lyshenko Margarita, Butenko Andrii, Nechyporenko Valentyna, Makarova Viktoriia, Mikulina Maryna, Bahorka Mariia, Tymchuk Dmytro S., Samoshkina Iryna, Torianyk Inna

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 4

97--103

EN

The article presents the question of the effect of the effectiveness of various elements of cultivation technologies on the competitiveness of Camelina sativa and the profitability of its cultivation on acidic, low–fertility sod-podzolic soils. Fertilizers are one of the fast-acting and effective factors in increasing the yield of Camelina sativa. It was established that introduction of mineral fertilizers had a significant impact on competitiveness of Camelina sativa seeds. Dependence of productivity elements and yielding capacity on crops has been determined. It was established that spring cruciferous crops had different seed productivity. According to the results of conducted research, it was found that the highest seed yielding capacity among spring cruciferous crops had spring Brassica napus L., but the oil content in Camelina sativa seeds was 46.53%, which is 4.08% more than in Brassica napus L. Therefore, oil outcome from the yield of Brassica napus L. and Camelina sativa was almost the same.

18

Increasing the Efficiency of the Assembly Process Using the FMEA Method and Dynamic Simulation

Fedorko Gabriel, Neradilova Hana, Duriska Martin, Straka Kristian

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, no 3

249--256

EN

The efficiency of the assembly process is influenced by a wide range of different parameters. For their optimal setting, a thorough comprehensive analysis of the entire assembly process and identification of shortcomings in the form of bottlenecks or insufficient capacity utilization of assembly workplaces is necessary. As part of the presented paper, the use of the FMEA method in combination with dynamic simulation for analysis of the efficiency of its operation is presented on the example of a real assembly process. The obtained results showed the existence of a bottleneck in the supply area carried out by means of a single AGV set. The subsequent proposed solution, which consisted in the introduction of the use of another AGV set, brought an increase in the efficiency of individual assembly workplaces from the original values in the range of 75% to 85% to the level of 87% to 98%.

19

Case study of thermal comfort, lighting conditions and productivity at two classrooms of Poznań University of Technology

Orman Łukasz J., Wojtkowiak Janusz

Structure and Environment

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2022

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Vol. 14, no. 2

39--43

EN

The paper analyses subjective sensations of thermal comfort, lighting conditions and self-reported productivity of 51 students of Poznań Univeristy of Technology (Poland). The study took place in the spring and was based on the use of anonymous questionnaires with questions on thermal sensations, acceptability and preferences as well as the students’ assessment of their current productivity and lighting conditions. The test results indicate that the overwhelming majority was satisfied with thermal environment and lighting conditions in the rooms. Their general sensations were also largely positive, while self-reported productivity was generally assessed to be normal.

PL

Artykuł analizuje subiektywne odczucia komfortu cieplnego, warunków oświetleniowych oraz produktywności 51 studentów Politechniki Poznańskiej. Badanie odbyło się wiosną i opierało się na wykorzystaniu anonimowych kwestionariuszy z pytaniami o odczucia cieplne, akceptowalność i preferencje oraz ocenę przez studentów aktualnej produktywności i warunków oświetleniowych. Wyniki badań wskazują, że zdecydowana większość była zadowolona z warunków termicznych i oświetlenia w pomieszczeniach. Ich ogólne odczucia były również w dużej mierze pozytywne, podczas gdy produktywność została ogólnie oceniona jako normalna.

20

Flexible Formwork Flow 4.0 - usprawnienie modelu zarządzania deskowaniami na budowie w myśl zasad Przemysłu 4.0

Majkowski Łukasz, Pasławski Jerzy

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 12

67--72

PL

W wyniku badań opisywana koncepcja 3F4 została uzupełniona o system geolokalizacji i monitoring dostępny w trybie rzeczywistym. Jednocześnie należy pamiętać, iż bieżące nakłady kosztów ulegają ciągłym zmianom i są na bieżąco aktualizowane w systemie 3F4. Dzięki wprowadzeniu metodologii Lean i/lub Agile uzyskujemy pewność, że budowa działa w sposób zapewniający stabilizację procesów budowlanych oraz możliwość dostosowania do zmian. Chociaż te dwie koncepcje wymagają podjęcia innych kroków w kierunku osiągnięcia różnych celów, jednak właściwe ich połączenie z uwzględnieniem metod klasycznych i idei Przemysłu 4.0 pozwala w efekcie osiągnąć efekt synergii - usprawnienie analizowanego procesu.

EN

As a result of studies, the concept 3F4 has been supplemented by a new geolocation system and real-time monitoring. At the same time, it should be remembered that the current cost outlays are constantly changing and are constantly updated in the 3F4 system. Thanks to the introduction of Lean and/or Agile methodologies, we can be sure that the construction works in a way that ensures the stabilization of construction processes and the possibility of adapting to the following changes. Although these two concepts require taking other steps towards achieving different goals, the proper combination of them, taking into account classic methods and the idea of Industry 4.0, allows, as a result, to achieve a synergy effect - improvement the analyzed process.