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EN
The foundry industry is an important component of the economy on which other progressive industries depend. The reliability of the products it manufactures is determined by the technologies used, but, most importantly, it ensures the expected level of quality. The purpose of the article is to develop a synergistic quality-cost model for the improvement of casting products. The model is based on an integral methodological configuration that makes it possible to determine the level of relevance of the causes of casting nonconformity in the quality-cost context. The model integrates techniques such as the Pareto-Lorenz diagram, ranking, brainwriting, Ishikawa diagram, Likert rating scale, and matrix diagram. Verification of the method by its implication in the manufacturing process of a gearbox casting is performed. The model makes it possible to identify quality-cost relationships between key categories of problem causes and major product nonconformities. The main causes of the loss of quality stability of the analyzed product are found to be low quality of molding sand, poor technical condition of foundry equipment (too infrequent repairs and overhauls), and ineffective quality control. Carrying out the analysis made it possible to develop appropriate improvement measures. It is proposed to implement changes in the casting process, implement the TPM method, conduct periodic training, develop job instructions, implement a control system, and provide supervision of employees. Further research directions will concern the implications of the method within the other positions in the casting company and its development towards automation of analysis.
EN
For TOC (Theory of Constraints) implementation in a production system, the determination of the system’s bottleneck is a crucial step. Effective bottleneck identification allows setting priorities for the improvement of a production system. The article deals with a significant problem for the manufacturing industry related to the location of a bottleneck. The article aims for a detailed analysis of methods for bottleneck identification based on a comprehensive literature review and the design of a generalised methodology for bottleneck identification in the production system. The article uses two research methods, first, the combination of a narrative and scoping literature review, and second, the logical design. Several methods for bottleneck identification are reviewed and compared, finding some being similar, and others giving new insights into the evaluated production system. A methodology for bottleneck identification is proposed. It contains several detailed methods arranged in coherent steps, which are suggested to be followed when aiming for the recognition of a production system’s bottleneck. The proposed methodology is expected to be helpful in the practical TOC implementation. The presented methodology for the identification of bottlenecks in a production system is a practical tool for managers and experts dealing with TOC. However, it is still a conceptual proposal that needs to be tested empirically. The proposed methodology for bottleneck identification is an original concept based on the current literature output. It contributes to the production management theory as a practical managerial tool.
EN
The main purpose of this article is to present an author’s methodology of production levelling and to show the impact of levelling on the time during which the product passes through the process and on staff performance. The article presents the analysis of literature concerning the method of improving the production process, especially taking production levelling into consideration. The authors focussed on the definition and methodologies of production levelling. A diagram of interrelations showing determinants and efficiency measures of production levelling as well as an author’s production levelling methodology have been presented. An example of the implementation of production levelling in one of the departments of a company manufacturing surgical instruments has also been shown. Analysis of the current state, stages of implementation and end effects have been presented. Attention was focussed on the time during which the product passes through the process and on staff performance.
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PL
W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe zagadnienia związane z koncepcją lean manufacturing oraz jej praktyczne zastosowanie na przykładzie procesu wytwarzania szafek roboczych. Przedstawiono obszar objęty działaniami doskonalącymi, który następnie został poddany analizie będącej podstawą opracowania mapy stanu obecnego. Na tej podstawie opracowano propozycję zmian doskonalących i ich wdrożenie. Przedstawiono uzyskane wyniki po wdrożeniu zmian oraz wnioski płynące z zastosowania koncepcji lean manufacturing.
EN
The article presents the basic issues related to the concept of lean manufacturing and its practical application use the example of the manufacturing process of the working cabinets. There is shown the area covered by the improvement activities, which was then analyzed as a basis to develop maps of the status quo. On this basis there have been prepared proposals to the improvement and next steps for their implementation. In papers there are shown possible to obtain results after implementing the changes and lessons learned from the application of lean manufacturing concepts.
EN
Improvement of productivity has become an important goal for today’s coal industry in the race to increase price competitiveness. The challenge now lying ahead for the coal industry is to identify areas of waste, meet the market price and maintain a healthy profit. The only way to achieve this is to reduce production costs by improving productivity, efficiency and the effectiveness of the equipment. This paper aims to identify the various factors and problems affecting the productivity of underground coal mines adopting the bord and pillar method of mining and to propose suitable measures for improving them. The various key factors affecting productivity, namely the cycle of operations, manpower deployment, machine efficiency, material handling and management of manpower are discussed. In addition, the problem of side discharge loader (SDL) cable handling resulting in the wastage of precious manpower resources and SDL breakdown have also been identified and resolved in this paper.
EN
In the paper on the base of literature review and also opinions of entrepreneurs dealt with fuel briquette manufacturing and also the data coming from selected enterprise a differential calculation model was worked out. First, circumstances of development of renewable energy sources sector in Poland were highlighted. One can indicate both high potential of renewable energy resources in Poland, big investments in this area last time and chances resulted in increasing demand for such kind of fuel and stimulating the EU legal requirements as well. Secondary, course of manufacturing and logistics processes of fuel briquette fabrication were analyzed considering relevant technical and economical parameters. Detail description of those processes let set crucial factors influenced studied fuel briquette production. This enabled elaboration of differential calculation model to set up interesting decision scenarios and simulate their different financial effects with marginal calculation method. Once can analyze impact of different levels of raw material humidity at unit cost of fuel briquette output. Next, financial effects of failures of crumbling machine influenced by polluted raw material were investigated. One can underline difficulty to precise probability of occurrence of such failures and to estimate accurately relevant costs closed to them. Third, elaborated model let simulate effects of different average transportation distance of enterprise from raw material location and also different prices of fuel. One can conclude that transportation costs are crucial for profitability of studied manufacturing process. Hence, worked out method of analysis of decision scenarios was verified positively as useful tool let update management in enterprises dealt with manufacturing of fuel briquette made from agro biomass. One can conclude that quality of raw material about level of pollution and humidity and also distance of its transportation and fuel price are crucial factors determining production process and shaping production costs, what is very important in planning.
EN
Rolling wave planning is the process of planning for a project in waves as the project becomes clearer and unfolds. It is important in such projects to at least highlight in the initial plan the key milestones for the Project. Rolling Wave Planning acknowledges the fact that we can see more clearly what is in close proximity, but looking further ahead our vision becomes less clear [3]. Article shows benefits of rolling wave planning in production field. Based on the same data, there are two forecast calculations. First calculation is about current state of weekly cycle planning, second calculation is about future state of rolling wave planning (wave is the period of one day). Problem of current state is lack of production cells capacity, that makes costs of overtime. After research of implementing rolling wave planning there is shown estimations for new level of production cells capacity. New way of planning brings benefits in better aggregations, which reduce time for exchanges. Reduced time we can use for extra value-added process witch rise production cells capacity. Figure 5 include both calculations and final results.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe zagadnienia związane z koncepcją lean manufacturing oraz jej praktyczne zastosowanie w doskonaleniu działań przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego. Przedstawiono obszar objęty działaniami doskonalącymi, który następnie został poddany analizie będącej podstawą opracowania mapy stanu obecnego. Na tej podstawie opracowano propozycję zmian doskonalących i kolejne kroki ich wdrażania. Przedstawiono możliwe do uzyskania wyniki po wdrożeniu zmian oraz wnioski płynące z zastosowania koncepcji lean manufacturing.
EN
The article presents the basic issues related to the concept of lean manufacturing and its practical application in the improvement of production company. There is shown the area covered by the improvement activities, which was then analyzed as a basis to develop maps of the status quo. On this basis there have been prepared proposals to the improvement and next steps for their implementation. In papers there are shown possible to obtain results after implementing the changes and lessons learned from the application of lean manufacturing concepts.
PL
Przedstawiono stan i kierunki rozwoju technologii w krajowym potencjale produkcji kwasu w odniesieniu do technik wyznaczonych jako BAT.
EN
State and development of trends intechnology of sulfuric acid production in Poland in relation to the technologies defined as BAT, were presented.
EN
Modelling and simulation with optimization finds wide usage in the improvement of production systems. Production systems are so complex, that without computer it is not possible to realize detailed analysis of processes taking place in them. The methodology for realization of simulation projects with ARENA for improving production processes is presented in this paper.
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