Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Development of technology for the production of lightweight observation and protective container (LOOK) made of nanostructured ultra-strength steels

Marcisz Jarosław, Garbarz Bogdan, Tomczak Tymoteusz, Janik Aleksandra, Zalecki Władysław, Burdek Marek, Adamczyk Mariusz, Starczewski Lech, Gmitrzuk Michał, Nyc Robert, Gołuński Marcin, Żółkiewski Krzysztof, Lubowiecki Paweł, Skurczyński Marcin

Journal of Metallic Materials

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2021

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Vol. 73, no. 2

13--39

EN

The article contains results of research and analyses concerning application of nanostructured bainitic steel in the form of plates for manufacturing of armour components. The presented results of examination of microstructure and properties include a wide range of laboratory experiments and industrial tests, which resulted in the achievement of the assumed functional properties. In the period of 2017-2021, a scientific and industrial consortium consisting of Łukasiewicz - Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy (leader); WITPiS, Tarnów Mechanical Works, Alchemia and Heatmasters Poland carried out a project funded by the POIR 04.01.04 programme aimed to develop the design and to manufacture an observation and protective container with a specified resistance to penetration by armour-piercing projectiles and with a lower mass of steel armouring in relation to that currently produced. The aim of the project was achieved by using armour plates made of nanostructured bainitic steel (nanobainitic), which are characterised by high resistance to high-energy impact concentrated in a small area. The technological tests carried out in the project mainly concerned the development of a new container and industrial technology of armour plates production and their application in the armour of this container. Based on the results of investigation of the semi-industrial scale material, the optimum chemical composition for industrial scale melting and casting was determined. An industrial technology for the production of plates of nano-structured bainitic steel was developed, which includes the following processes: smelting and casting, preliminary heat treatment and ingot hot processing, as well as hot rolling, final heat treatment, and surface treatment. A test batch of the material in the form of 1500×2470 mm armoured plates was fabricated under industrial conditions. The final result of the project is a container armoured with bainitic nanostructured steel plates with implementation documentation and a technology for producing armoured plates from this steel under the technical and technological conditions of domestic steel manufacturers.

PL

Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań i analiz dotyczące zastosowania stali nanostrukturalnej bainitycznej w postaci blach arkuszowych do wytwarzania elementów opancerzenia. Przedstawione wyniki badań mikrostruktury i właściwości obejmują szeroki zakres eksperymentów laboratoryjnych i badań przemysłowych, w wyniku których osiągnięto założone właściwości użytkowe. W latach 2017-2021 konsorcjum naukowo-przemysłowe w składzie: Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza (lider), Wojskowy Instytut Techniki Pancernej i Samochodowej (WITPiS), Zakłady Mechaniczne Tarnów S.A. (ZMT), Alchemia S.A. i Heatmasters Poland sp. z o.o. zrealizowało projekt finansowany z programu POIR 04.01.04, którego celem było opracowanie konstrukcji i wykonanie kontenera obserwacyjno-obronnego o określonej odporności na przebicie pociskami przeciwpancernymi oraz o niższej masie opancerzenia stalowego w odniesieniu do obecnie wytwarzanego. Cel projektu osiągnięto przez zastosowanie blach pancernych ze stali nanostrukturalnej bainitycznej (nanobainitycznej-NBA), które charakteryzuje wysoka odporność na skoncentrowane na małym obszarze wysokoenergetyczne oddziaływania udarowe. Zrealizowane badania przemysłowe w projekcie dotyczyły w głównej mierze opracowania konstrukcji nowego kontenera oraz przemysłowej technologii wytwarzania blach pancernych i ich zastosowania w opancerzeniu tego kontenera. Na podstawie wyników badań materiału wytworzonego w skali półprzemysłowej ustalono optymalny skład chemiczny dla wytopów przemysłowych. Opracowano przemysłową technologię wytwarzania blach ze stali nanostrukturalnej bainitycznej, która obejmuje następujące procesy: wytapianie i odlewanie, wstępną obróbkę cieplną i przetwarzanie wlewków oraz walcowanie na gorąco blach i finalną obróbkę cieplną oraz obróbkę powierzchniową. Wykonano testową partię materiału w warunkach przemysłowych w postaci pancernych blach arkuszowych o wymiarach 1500×2470 mm. Finalnym rezultatem projektu jest kontener opancerzony za pomocą blach ze stali nanostrukturalnej bainitycznej z dokumentacją wdrożeniową oraz technologia wytwarzania blach pancernych z tej stali w warunkach techniczno-technologicznych krajowych wytwórców wyrobów stalowych.

2

Local scour due to water jet from a nozzle with plates

Kartal Veysi, Emiroglu M. Emin

Acta Geophysica

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2021

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Vol. 69, no. 1

95--112

EN

In this study, local scour occurring downstream from a nozzle with and without plates formed in cohesionless materials was investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed to determine scour geometry, maximum scour depth, and the efect of aeration on scour for water jets impinged obliquely into the downstream pool. Dimensionless variables afecting the scour were determined as densimetric Froude number, dimensionless impingement length, and the ratio of densimetric Froude number to dimensionless impingement length. Experiments were conducted for three nozzle diameters with plates, three nozzle diameters without plates, two diferent impingement lengths, and three diferent exit velocities. The results of the experiments showed that the use of the plates in the nozzle, jet impact velocity, jet shape, jet expansion, jet impingement length, and air entrainment rate were critical parameters for scour geometry. As a result, it was found that the jets from a nozzle with plates entrained more air bubbles into the impingement pool than jets from nozzles without plates, thereby decreasing maximum scour depth by spreading the scour over a larger area. This was evident by increasing the impingement length. In addition, scour equations were obtained to determine maximum scour depth, ridge height, and scour hole length from experimental data.

3

Analytical solutions of supersonic flutter problems for laminated multilayered composite plates and cylindrical shells

Flis Justyna, Muc Aleksander

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2020

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Vol. 31, nr 3

art. no. 2020305

EN

For laminated rectangular plates and cylindrical shells the analytical, closed form solution is found using classical and first order transverse shear formulations of kinematical hypothesis. The analysis is carried out for a specific boundary conditions dealing with two opposite edges being simply supported. The evaluated method of solution can be treated as the benchmark for numerical analysis since analytical results can be obtained directly with the use of the symbolic packages, such as Mathematica, Maple or Matlab.

4

Use of the higher-order plate theory of I. N. Vekua type in problems of dynamics of heterogeneous plane waveguides

Egorova O. V., Rabinskiy L. N., Zhavoronok S. I.

Archives of Mechanics

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2020

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Vol. 72, nr 1

3--25

EN

The dynamics of elastic plane waveguides is studied on the basis of the extended formulation of the plate theory of Nth order. The plate model is based on the Lagrangian formalism of analytical dynamics combined with the dimensional reduction approach and the biorthogonal expansion of the spatial distribution of the displacement. The boundary conditions shifted from the faces onto the base plane are interpreted as constraints for the variational formulation of two-dimensional plate models. The normal wave dispersion in plates is modelled, the convergence of the approximate solutions is studied using the known exact solution for a plane layer as a reference. The proposed plate theory is used to analyse the normal wave dispersion in power graded waveguides of both symmetric and asymmetric structures, the locking phase frequencies for various power indices are computed.

5

Analiza możliwości wykorzystania odpadowych tworzyw tucznych w procesie produkcji płyt drogowych

Papacz W., Stec M., Wandzel J.

Wiadomości Naftowe i Gazownicze

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2018

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R.21, Nr 12 (242)

13--16

6

Przegląd publikacji polskich autorów z zakresu obciążeń ruchomych na konstrukcjach inżynierskich

Szcześniak W., Ataman M.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2018

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R. 19, nr 12

667--674

PL

W artykule omówiono prace dotyczące tematyki obciążeń ruchomych na belkach płytach i powłokach w polskiej literaturze. Omówiono większość opracowań, w których Autorzy analizowali ruchome obciążenia inercyjne oraz bezinercyjne. Przedstawiono prace zawierające rozwiązania analityczne jak również prace, w których do rozwiązania zadania wykorzystano metody komputerowe. Załączony wykaz publikacji z literatury przedmiotu zawiera 202 pozycje.

EN

In the paper survey of Polish literature concerning moving loads is presented. In most of these studies the authors analysed moving inertial loads and moving massless loads. Works presenting analytical solutions as well as works in which computer methods were used to solve the problem were presented. An extensive list of publications on the related literature, attached to the paper contains 202 items.

7

Buckling stability assessment of plates under uniaxial compression

Riahi Farhad, Zirakian Tadeh, Ghaderi Vahed Mam, Arya Souran

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2018

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Vol. 12, no 2

97--105

EN

Buckling of thin-walled and load-bearing elements of a structure can have devastating consequences. Hence, buckling checks are an integral part of strength analysis of structures. The buckling problem of thin rectangular plates subjected to in-plane compressive and/or shear loading is of great importance in building, bridge, aerospace, marine, and shipbuilding industries. When buckling occurs, thin plates undergo large out-of-plane deflections, which in turn results in the development of large bending stresses and eventually complete failure of the structure. This paper deals with the buckling stability assessment of uniaxially-compressed plates with different support conditions within the framework of classical plate theory. The main objective of this research is to explore some uncovered aspects of buckling stability of plates by considering the effects of support conditions, aspect ratio, and slenderness ratio, which will consequently result in efficient design of such thin-walled structures. To this end, in addition to validation of the numerical simulation, some case studies have been performed in order to gain a better understanding of different aspects of buckling stability of such thin-walled structures.

8

Free vibration analysis of point supported rectangular plates using quadrature element method

Çetkin A., Orak S.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2017

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Vol. 55 nr 3

1041--1053

EN

In this study, the hybrid approach of the Quadrature Element Method (QEM) has been employed to generate solutions for point supported isotropic plates. The Hybrid QEM technique consists of a collocation method with the Galerkin finite element technique to combine the high accurate and rapid converging of Differential Quadrature Method (DQM) for effi- cient solution of differential equations. To present the validity of the solutions, the results have been compared with other known solutions for point supported rectangular plates. In addition, different solutions are carried out for different type boundary conditions, different locations and number of point supports. Results for the first vibration modes of plates are also tested using a commercial finite element code, and it is shown that they are in good agreement with literature.

9

Crack identification in plates using 1-D Discrete Wavelet Transform

Knitter-Piątkowska A., Guminiak M., Hloupis G.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2017

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Vol. 55 nr 2

481--496

EN

In the present work, the defect detection while using Discrete Wavelet Transform in rectangular plate structures is investigated. The plate bending is described by using the Boundary Element Method with boundary integral equations formulated in a modified simplified approach. The boundary elements of a constant type in a non-singular approach are implemented. Defects are introduced by additional edges forming slots or holes in relation to the basic plate domain. Estimation of the defect position is performed while using wavelet coefficients of curvature and deformation signals as well as a newly proposed moving variance estimator.

10

Analiza adaptacyjna struktur sprężystych z warstwą brzegową na przykładzie płyty o zmiennej grubości

Miazio Ł., Zboiński G.

Modelowanie Inżynierskie

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2015

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T. 26, nr 57

34--39

PL

Prezentowane wyniki badań wynikają z kontynuacji prac nad wpływem grubości płyty i rodzaju warunków brzegowych na intensywność i zasięg zjawiska warstwy brzegowej w przypadku analizy numerycznej struktur cienko i grubościennych. W pracy badany jest wpływ zjawiska warstwy brzegowej w analizie adaptacyjnej typu hp płyty o zmiennej grubości. Wcześniejsze prace autorów obejmowały tylko płyty o ustalonej grubości. W przypadku analiz numerycznych usunięcie niekorzystnych następstw zjawiska wymaga zastosowania siatek zgęszczanych wykładniczo w sąsiedztwie brzegu struktury, w kierunku prostopadłym do tego brzegu.

EN

The presented results of the research follow from a continuation of the works on influence of the plate thickness and a type of boundary condition on a range and intensity of the boundary layer phenomenon in the case of numerical analysis of thin-walled and thick-walled structures. In the paper, an influence of the phenomenon in the hp-adaptive analysis of a plate of varying thickness is investigated. The hitherto works covered the case of a uniform symmetric thickness. It is worth mentioning that the boundary layer phenomenon consists in insufficiently accurate representation of the so called boundary part of the solution. In the case of numerical analyses, the getting rid of the polluting effect of the phenomenon needs an application of meshes refined exponentially in a vicinity of the boundary, in the direction perpendicular to this boundary.

11

Study of the effect of composite constrained layers in vibration damping of plates

Sasikumar K. S. K., Selvakumar S., Arulshri K. P.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 19, no. 1

203--209

EN

To add damping to the system, viscoelastic materials (VEM) are added to structures, in order to enhance damping effects of the VEM, a constraining layer is attached. Due to the addition of the material on the system the fundamental characteristics of the systems are altered much. This paper analyzes the damping effect of the constraining layer on plate type structures numerically using the FEM software ANSYS. Experiments are conducted to validate the analytical results. The use of weightless composite materials as constraining layers has been analyzed. Results are compared with the conventional constraining layer materials. The results showed that composite materials give a better damping effect without much altering the fundamental characteristics.

12

Optimal plates with prismatic cores

Bujnak J., Djoković J. M., Nikolić R. R.

Roczniki Inżynierii Budowlanej

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2013

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z. 13

13--20

EN

In this paper the multifunctional sandwich plates with prismatic cores were optimized with respect to their dimensions and mass. The comparison of those plates to plates with honeycomb cores was performed. The two loading directions, longitudinal and transversal, were considered. The plates with prismatic cores have best performances when loaded longitudinally, since the plate characteristics are restricted by buckling of a plate and not of a beam. Plates with the honeycomb cores are more efficient related to weight, than the plates with the prismatic cores for smaller loads. This advantage diminishes with load increase. Based on this analysis a conclusion can be drawn that the sandwich plates with the prismatic cores are the most efficient from the aspect of the optimal mass, for structures which are simultaneously used for load carrying and cooling.

13

Rozważania o metodzie elementów skończonych

Gilewski W.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2013

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Vol. 22, No. 4

502--510

PL

Budowa elementów skończonych cienkich, średniej grubości i grubych płyt i powłok stanowi obszar aktywnych badań naukowców od ponad 50 lat. Zaowocowało to setkami prac i publikacji. W systemach MES istnieje bardzo wiele elementów płytowych lub powłokowych, lecz „najlepszy” element powłokowy nadal czeka na swojego odkrywcę. Praca stanowi spojrzenie historyczne na rozważany problem od wczesnych lat 60. minionego wieku do dnia dzisiejszego.

EN

Development of finite elements for thin, moderately thick as well as thick plates and shells is one of the active areas of the finite element technology for 50 years, followed by hundreds of publications. A variety of plate and shell elements exist in FE programmes, but “the best” finite element is still to be discovered. The work deals with a historical view into the subject from the first papers in early sixties of the last century until now.

14

A new C0 2D FE model based on improved higher order zigzag theory for the analysis of soft core sandwich plate

Khandelwal R. P., Chakrabarti A., Bhargava P.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 18, no. 2

395--423

EN

An efficient C0 continuous finite element (FE) model is developed based on a combined theory (refine higher order shear deformation theory (RHSDT) and least square error (LSE) method) for the static analysis of a soft core sandwich plate. In this (RHSDT) theory, the in-plane displacement field for the face sheets and the core is obtained by superposing a global cubically varying displacement field on a zig-zag linearly varying displacement field with a different slope in each layer. The transverse displacement assumes to have a quadratic variation within the core and it remains constant in the faces beyond the core. The proposed model satisfies the condition of transverse shear stress continuity at the layer interfaces and the zero transverse shear stress condition at the top and bottom of the sandwich plate. The nodal field variables are chosen in an efficient manner to circumvent the problem of C1 continuity requirement of the transverse displacements. In order to calculate the accurate through thickness transverse stresses variation, the Least Square Error (LSE) method has been used at the post processing stage. The proposed combined model (RHSDT and LSE) is implemented to analyze the laminated composites and sandwich plates. Many new results are also presented which should be useful for future research.

15

Weryfikacja numerycznego modelu walcowania blach i prętów z gatunków stali konstrukcyjnej superdrobnoziarnistej i wysokowęglowej bainitycznej, opracowanego dla warunków technicznych LPS i warunków przemysłowych

Dyja H., Mróz S., Kawałek A., Szota P., Stefanik A.

Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza

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2012

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T. 64, nr 1

89-94

PL

W pracy testowano numeryczne modele walcowania blach i prętów z gatunków stali konstrukcyjnej superdrobnoziarnistej i wysokowęglowej bainitycznej w zakresie parametrów charakterystycznych dla linii walcowniczej LPS i procesów przemysłowych. Do analizy numerycznej procesu walcowania blach i prętów wykorzystano program komputerowy Forge2008Ž. Do testowania modelu walcowania blach w warunkach przemysłowych wybrano walcownię blach huty ISD Częstochowa Sp. z o.o. Natomiast do testowania modelu walcowania prętów w warunkach przemysłowych wybrano walcownie ciągłą prętów huty CMC Zawiercie S.A. Po wykonaniu obliczeń testowych, z wykorzystaniem opracowanych modeli walcowania blach i prętów, poddano ocenie dokładności testowanego modelu metodą porównania wyników symulacji z danymi rzeczywistymi. Przeprowadzone badania teoretyczne wykazały, że opracowane modele matematyczne walcowania są prawidłowe i mogą być stosowane do analizy procesu walcowania wyrobów ze stali konstrukcyjnej superdrobnoziarnistej i stali wysokowęglowej bainitycznej.

EN

Numerical models of rolling plates and bars of constructional ultra- fine-grained and high-carbon bainitic steel grades were tested in this work in the range of parameters specific to the LPS rolling line and industrial processes. For the numerical analysis of the plate and bar rolling process the Forge2008Ž software was used. For testing of the plate rolling model under the industrial conditions the Plate Rolling Mill of the ISD Czestochowa Sp. z o.o. Steelworks was selected, while for testing of the bar rolling model under the industrial conditions, the Continuous Bar Rolling Mill of the CMC Zawiercie S.A. Steelworks was chosen. After test computations using the developed plate and bar rolling models, the tested models were assessed for accuracy by comparing the simulation results with actual data. The theoretical studies carried out showed that the developed numerical models of rolling were correct and could be used for the analysis of the process of rolling products of ultra- fine-grained constructional steel and high-carbon bainitic steel.

16

Analizy stanów deformacji zginanych płyt z betonu i fibrobetonu wysokowartościowego

Smarzewski P., Szwaj M., Szewczak A.

Budownictwo i Architektura

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2012

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Vol. 10, nr 1

37-52

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań zginanych płyt żelbetowych wykonanych z betonu wysokowartościowego o wskaźniku woda/spoiwo równym 0,2 z dodatkiem włókien stalowych i polipropylenowych uzyskane z wykorzystaniem systemu ARAMIS, do bezkontaktowych trójwymiarowych pomiarów odkształceń. Płyty zbrojono siatkami z prętow �8 mm, a czynnikiem zmiennym w badaniach była procentowa zawartość dodatku włókien do betonu. W wyniku przeprowadzonych eksperymentów stwierdzono istotny wpływ kombinacji zbrojenia strukturalnego na nośność płyt.

EN

The article presents the results of bending tests on reinforced concrete made of high strength concrete with water/(cement+microsilica) ratio of 0.2 with addition of steel and polypropylene fibres obtained with the system of non-contact three-dimensional displacement measuring system – ARAMIS. The plates were reinforced with grids and the variable was the content of fibres in concrete. The experiments proved significant influence of structural reinforcing combinations on load capacity of plates.

17

Badania elementów żelbetowych wzmocnionych laminatami obciążonych wybuchowo. Cz. 3, Wyniki badań płyt żelbetowych

Poneta P., Giluń A., Jurczuk J., Świeżewski P., Stolarski A., Bąk G., Błażejewicz T., Krzewiński R., Onopiuk S., Rekucki R., Szcześniak Z.

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2012

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Vol. 61, nr 2

269-296

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań doświadczalnych płyt żelbetowych. Badania przeprowadzono dla elementów żelbetowych, zwykłych bez dodatkowego wzmocnienia oraz dla elementów wzmocnionych wysokowytrzymałościowymi powłokowymi laminatami z włókien aramidowych, szklanych i węglowych. Zasadniczą częścią pracy jest prezentacja wyników badań, na które składają się schematy mechanizmów zniszczenia oraz trwałe przemieszczenia płyt.

EN

The results of experimental investigations of reinforced concrete plates were introduced in the present part of the paper. Investigations were carried out for two kinds of reinforced concrete elements, i.e., plain elements without additional strengthening and for elements strengthened by high-strength coating laminates made from aramide, glass, and carbon fibres. The schemes of failure mechanisms and the permanent displacements of plates were presented as the principal results of the investigations. It was stated in the result of investigations, that reinforced concrete structural elements strengthened by high-strength laminates show, under the explosive loading enlargement the carrying capacity, decrease in displacements, the limitation of the destruction areas of the concrete, enlarged ability to absorption of the energy. The respective parameters of effort and deformation depend on the kind of material strengthening and the configuration of the strengthening. It was confirmed that the application of coating strengthening generates the new effects of local type in reinforced concrete elements, namely swelling the concrete under laminate, the thread and superficial separation of the laminate, in this on the whole surface, the tearing the laminate and, first of all, decrease in the range of the failure of the element and elimination of the spread of the damaged fragments of the concrete.

18

Zginane pręty z warstwą piezoelektryczną

Rzepka J.

Roczniki Inżynierii Budowlanej

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2011

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z. 11

145--150

EN

In the paper – bending of bars with piezoelectric layer – is analyzed. It were calculated equivalent material function as a result of comparison of bending bar with piezoelectric sensors to homogeneous bar. It was received correlation between local value of damage parameter and global value of damage parameter.

19

Bounds on the effective isotropic moduli of thin elastic composite plates

Dzierżanowski G.

Archives of Mechanics

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2010

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Vol. 62, nr 4

253-281

EN

The main aim of this paper is to estimate the effective moduli of an isotropic elastic composite, analyzed within the framework of the Kirchhoff-Love theory of thin plates in bending. Results of calculations provide explicit functional correlations between the homogenized properties of a composite plate made of two isotropic materials, thus yielding more restrictive bounds on pairs of effective moduli than the classical (uncoupled) Hashin-Shtrikman-Walpole ones. Applying the static-geometric analogy of Lurie and Goldenveizer, enables rewriting of these new bounds in the two-dimensional elasticity (plane stress) setting, thus revealing a link to the formulae previously found by Gibiansky and Cherkaev. Consequently, simple cross-property estimates are proposed for the plate subject to the simultaneous bending and in-plane loads.

20

Analiza wskaźników poszerzania dla procesu walcowania blach grubych

Mikhajlovich Galkin A., Kawałek A., Rydz D., Ślęzak A., Holisz - Burzyńska J.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2006

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Vol. 73, nr 6

256-260

PL

W pracy podjęto próbę uogólnienia badań wielu autorów z zakresu metodologii obliczania poszerzenia materiału w procesie walcowania. Analiza została przeprowadzona ze względu na istotną rolę tworzenia odpowiedniego schematu odkształcenia blach, który zapewni najmniejsze straty energii oraz otrzymanie produktów walcowanych o wysokiej jakości.

EN

The paper presents efforts underkaten for generalization of investigations carried out by many authors within the range of calculation methods of material widening during the rolling process. The analysis was indertaken for forming suitable scheme of deformation of plates which ensures least loss of energy and obtaining rolled products of high quality.