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1
Content available Od dryfu kontynentów Alfreda Wegenera do tektoniki płyt
Jurewicz E.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2015
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Vol. 63, nr 11
1266--1271
EN
The modern theory of plate tectonics has been the basis of works of several generations of geologists and geophysicists. One of them was Alfred Wegener and his theory of continental drift. The imperfection of the theory (lack of any explanation for the mechanism of continents movement) was the driving force for further studies. The most important ones were the detailed recognition of the ocean floor, and the discovery of the rift and subduction zones.
2
Content available Dzieło Alfreda Wegenera a teoria ekspansji Ziemi
Cwojdziński S.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2015
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Vol. 63, nr 11
1292--1301
EN
Wegener‘s Pangea comprised all the continents during Permian times, surrounded by the Panthalassa all-ocean, much wider than the recent Pacific. The process of widening of new oceans (Atlantic, Arctic and Indian) during the Pangea breakup should be simultaneous with the shrinking of the pra-Pacific. However, there is much evidence that there are close biogeographic links between continents surrounding the Pacific, and the perimeter of the ocean becomes larger. If the Pacific expands like the other oceans, the Earth expansion is inevitable. The plate-tectonic fundamentals of supercontinent reconstructions refer to the hypothesis of the cyclic evolution of continental plates and to the assumption that plate collisions result in amalgamation of successive supercontinents followed by their break-up. As the result, the term “supercontinental cycle” was introduced. Thus, the Pangea history becomes a sequence of different consecutive Pangeas. Two periods of Precambrian supercontinent amalgamation were distinguished based on the supercontinent cyclicity hypothesis, leading to the formation of Meso-Neoproterozoic Rodinia and the Early Proterozoic Pre-Rodinia supercontinent. Pre-Rodinia, Rodinia and Pangea were strikingly similar to one another. To explain this phenomenon, a process of self-organization of tectonic plates is invoked. On an expanding Earth, there was only one supercontinent – Pangea – composed of continental lithosphere surrounding the planet smaller than the present Earth. The break-up process of the supercontinent occurred only once during Earth‘s history. Earth expansion offers a reasonable solution to the main plate-tectonic paradox that the continents could have been repeatedly separated and returned to the same unique configuration.
3
Content available Ciśnienie hydrostatyczne w oceanach przyczyną dryfu płyt tektonicznych i przyczyną trzęsień Ziemi? Hipoteza klinów hydrostatycznych
Wyciszczok S.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2015
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Vol. 63, nr 8
449--453
EN
The article presents the likely cause of cracks in the continental and oceanic lithospheric plates, and the probable causes of earthquakes initiating Earth’s speed changes. As the root cause of one of the earthquakes, the author adopts a rotational speed of the globe (reasons: changes of the ocean level, convection currents, or a change in the ice cover) causing the formation of small d’Alambert’s forces with a latitudinal direction, which affect the tectonic plates. The author shows that there is a natural amplifier in the lithosphere, which converts the small d’Alambert’s forces into forces capable of moving tectonic plates on the asthenosphere. The energy to produce the drift of tectonic plates comes from the potential energy of water column in the oceans and some lakes. Thus, the author also explains where the continent-moving forces come from, unlike AlfredWegener who was not able tounravelthis. It should be emphasized that the earthquake in 2011 (Fukushima) occurred during theEarth’s speed change. Current hypotheses should be re-examined and the reason for tectonic plate drift should be re-considered taking into account the hydrostatic pressure – a factor influencing the water column in the oceans and some lakes, and affecting the change in rotation speed of the Earth. The author believes that it is appropriate to carry out work to identify a close relationship between the changes in the Earth’s speed and earthquakes initiated by these changes, which would allow to forecast some earthquakes.
4
Content available Nowe elementy w tektonice płaszczowiny kriżniańskiej między Doliną Bystrej a Doliną Strążyską w Tatrach
Zabielski R., Iwanow A.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2014
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Vol. 62, nr 2
86--96
EN
The Sub-Tatric units was newly mapped for the implementation of the Detailed Geological Map of the Tatra Mountains at the scale of 1 : 10 000 (SmgT). Lithostratigraphic andtectonic field observations between the Bystra Valley and the Strążyska Valley allowed a newinterpretation of the geological structure of the area. The system of sheets has appeared to beeven more complicated than that advocated by Guzik and Kotański (1963). New sheets have been recognized: Grześkówki sheets (Lower and Upper sheets), which were distinguished from the former Grześkówki sheet (sensu Guzik & Kotański, 1963), and the Kazalnica sheet and Żywczańskie sheet, which were distinguished from the Samkowa Czuba sheet. Both Grześkówki sheets and Kazalnica sheet are composed of Carnian and Norian clastics or marly dolomites, Rhaetian limestones and Hettangian clayey-silty shales. The Lower Grzeoekówki and Kazalnica sheets lie in the inverted position and Żywczańskie sheet is composed of an isolated package of Lower Jurassic spotted marls and limestones lying in the normal position contrary to the inverted beds of the Samkowa Czuba sheet. The Spadowiec sheet has a wider spatial extent than it was postulated earlier. The Jastrzębia Turnia sheet probably does not exist in area between the valleys of Białego and Bystra.
5
Content available The challenge of reconstructing the Phanerozoic sea level and the Pacific Basin tectonics
Ruban Dmitry A., Conrad Clinton P., Loon A. J. (Tom)
Geologos
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2010
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Vol. 16, No. 4
235--243
EN
The relationships between the interior dynamics of our planet and global sea level can be unravelled when plate-tectonic reconstructions are available for the entire Earth. A review of global tectonics reveals significant deficiencies in our understanding of the geodynamic evolution of the Pacific (Panthalassa or Proto-Pacific) during the Cambrian-Jurassic time-span. This particular, but major, shortcoming presents a true challenge for modern geoscientists, who are encouraged to produce a detailed plate-tectonic reconstruction of the Pacific for the pre-Cretaceous in order to advance our understanding of Phanerozoic sea-level change. A set of approaches, including geological/geophysical modelling, investigation of accretionary prisms, palaeobiogeographical studies, and careful examination of eustatic sea-level changes, are proposed that will help geoscientists tackle the challenge of understanding how Pacific geodynamics affected global sea level during the Phanerozoic.
6
Content available Tectonics of Adria inferred from GPS measurements
Altıner Y, Bačić Ž., Bašić T., Coticchia A., Medved M., Mulić M., Nurçe B.
Reports on Geodesy
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2006
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z. 5/80
591--595
7
Content available Geodetic determination of geodynamics around the Adriatic plate
Vodopivec F., Kogoj D., Jakljič S.
Reports on Geodesy
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2006
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z. 5/80
479--485
8
Content available General overview report for monitoring geodynamic activities in Turkey
Çelik R. N.
Reports on Geodesy
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2006
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z. 5/80
505--516
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