Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Jachimowicz-Rogowska Karolina, Winiarska-Mieczan Anna, Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska Anna, Tymczyna Leszek, Czernecki Tomasz, Banach Marcin, Potrzebski Daniel

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

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T. 102, nr 3

277--286

PL

Dokonano przeglądu dostępnej literatury dotyczącej β-glukanów pod kątem ich prozdrowotnego działania na organizm człowieka. Przedstawiono główne źródła pozyskiwania β-glukanów oraz zróżnicowano ich strukturę chemiczną w zależności od pochodzenia. Aktualne wyniki badań potwierdzają, że β-glukany wykazują działanie obniżające stężenie cholesterolu całkowitego, frakcji nie-HDL i LDL w surowicy krwi, korzystnie wpływają na metabolizm glukozy oraz mają właściwości antyoksydacyjne, przeciwzapalne, immunostymulujące, przeciwnowotworowe i prebiotyczne.

EN

A review, with 50 refs., of β-glucans used as food components. Main sources of β-glucans, their chem. structure, viscosity, rheol. properties, texture and sensory characteristics were presented. In particular, their effects on concns. of cholesterol, non-HDL and LDL fractions in blood serum and on glucose metabolism as well as their antioxidant, immunostimulant, anti-cancer and prebiotic properties were taken into consideration.

2

Single and combined effects of dimethoate and malathion on oxidative stress biomarkers in the non-target freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha

Serdar Osman, Yildirim Numan, Cikcikoglu-Yildirim Nuran

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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Vol. 52, No. 3

333--342

EN

This study evaluates the single and combined effectsof dimethoate (DI) and malathion (MA) on oxidative stress biomarkers in the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha, estimating the potential harm of these pesticides on aquatic ecosystems. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels were determined in D. polymorpha exposed to sublethal concentrations of DI, MA and a combination of the two during 24 and 96 h periods. The results showed that the GSH levels were decreased but the TBARS levels were increased in all the exposure groups after 24 and 96 hcompared to the control. It was observed that SOD activity decreased but CAT activity increased in all the DI exposure groups after 24 h compared to the control. At the end of 96 hours, it was observed that CAT and SOD activities increased again in some exposure groups compared to the control. Exposure time also had an effect on biomarkers in different levels. According to the results, the cytotoxicity of DI and MA combination depended on their concentrations. DI or/and MA, in sub-lethal concentrations, induced oxidative damages in D. polymorpha. Combined exposure of the pesticides can alter their toxicity and may be evidence of increased toxicity and oxidative stress.

3

Defense responses of the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris to the vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles

Kalehjahi Hanifeh Akbarian, Kosari-Nasab Morteza, Amini Mojtaba, Movafeghi Ali

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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Vol. 52, No. 4

446--460

EN

Although vanadium-based nanomaterials have found extensive use in industry, their influence on ecosystems and living organisms is not yet well investigated. In this study, hydrothermal methods were utilized for the synthesis of vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles (V2O5 NPs). The gained NPs were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, EDS, DLS, SEM and TEM techniques. Subsequently, the toxic effects of V2O5 NPs on the model green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris were evaluated. According to the obtained results, V2O5 NPs caused a significant reduction in cell number and biomass production of algae in a dose and time dependent manner. Moreover, flow cytometric analysis confirmed a reduction in the quantity of living cells. Scanning electron microscopy showed plasmolysis and deformation of the cells after exposure to nanoparticles. The photosynthetic pigments and phenolics content exhibited a decrease in comparison with the control sample. Although, non-enzymatic antioxidant system in C. vulgaris displayed an average action, antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) showed a dose dependent increasing trend. These intercellular reactions designated the activation of the antioxidant defense system in response to the induced oxidative stress by V2O5 NPs.

4

Effect of Lead, Nickel, and Zinc Pollution in Some Parameters of Oxidative Stress in Hepatopancreas of Snail Helix pomatia L. in Power plant of Obiliq

Bici Mentor, Mazreku Ilir, Hyseni Besmir, Halili Jeton, Krasniqi Ylli, Bislimi Kemajl

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

385--395

EN

Large quantities of heavy metals come from anthropogenic sources, including coal combustion, furthermore, these heavy metals can cause oxidative stress in terrestrial animals, such as snails, which acquire these metals through food from storage plants in industrial and coal-burning-polluted areas. In this research, we measured the impact and distribution of power plant TC Kosovo as activity on the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Ni) in the locality of Obiliq, as well as their effect on oxidative stress parameters such as carbonyl proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total proteins in the hepatopancreas of the snail Helix pomatia L. We collected 120 soil samples and 12 snails from concentric circles around the pollution point at distances of 1 km, 2 km, and 5 km. Relevant methods were then applied, and the samples were measured using a spectrophotometer and flame absorber Analyticyena. Results shown that the heavy metals bioaccumulated from snail shells (Helix pomatia L.), and concentrations of these metals influenced an increase in the levels of oxidative stress parameters, including protein carbonylation, MDA, and total proteins in the hepatopancreas.

5

Pre-probiotic effects of different bacterial species in aquaculture : behavioral, hematological and oxidative stress responses

Alak Gonca, Kotan Recep, Uçar Arzu, Parlak Veysel, Atamanalp Muhammed

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2022

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Vol. 51, No. 2

133-142

EN

There is very limited aquaculture research on candidate probiotics and their effects on fish physiology. In this study, acute applications of four different molecularly identified bacterial species – Brevibacillus brevis FD-1 (A), Pseudomonas fluorescens FDG-37 (B), Bacillus sphaericus FD-48 (C), and B. amyloliquefaciens TV-17C (D), with potential in aquaculture, were tested in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under static conditions. Physiological changes in blood tissue [hematological indices: erythrocyte count (RBC), leukocyte count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet count (PLT), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell volume (MCV)], oxidative stress responses in liver and gill tissues [malondialdehyde (MDA) level, antioxidant enzyme activities: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)] and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain tissue (as neurotoxic biomarker) were investigated. Additionally, behavioral differences were recorded by measuring swimming performance to support neurotoxic findings in all treatment groups. The LC5024 value of FDG-37 strain was determined through analysis as 1.0 × 108CFU ml-1. Inhibition of enzyme activity, increase in the MDA level, as well as significant differences in hematological indices and swimming performance were determined in rainbow trout treated with B compared to control and other bacterial groups in gills. The potential for using group FD-48 and TV-17C bacterial strains as probiotics in aquaculture is more pertinent when considering the research findings and water quality parameters.

6

Limiting the Hurtful Oxidative Stress and Seasonal Physiological Adaptations in Seashore Paspalum through the Use of Banana Waste Biochar and Compost Mixtures

Fetjah Dounia, Ihssane Bouchaib, Idardare Zaina, Ainlhout Lalla Fatima Ezzahra, Bouqbis Laila

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 1

216--227

EN

The study’s purpose was to reduce the oxidative stress, seasonal physiological changes of paspalum vaginatum and ameliorate soil properties through the addition of banana waste biochar and compost. Different rates of organic amendments were incorporated into sandy loam soil to investigate their impact on paspalum physiological, biochemical, and development in pot and field settings over three seasons (winter, spring and summer). Under the conditions of these two places, paspalum leaves gas exchange characteristics, stomatal traits, anatomy traits, relative water content, proline, antioxidant enzyme activities, and paspalum pigments were determined. For the irrigation system, two rates were chosen: 20% and 60% of the water holding capacity of the control plot WHC. In this study, two advanced statistical analyses were conducted. A factor analysis of mixed data (FAMD) was performed for the analysis of the effect of our charcoal on soil data. Meanwhile, the impact of banana waste biochar on biological activities was investigated using multiple factorial analysis (MFA). The use of biochar and compost blends boosted the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of treated soils, according to our findings. Furthermore, the use of banana waste biochar improved biological basis in the summer season compared with previous seasons. Different antioxidant capacities in seashore paspalum were boosted in the improved soils compared to the untreated ones.

7

The role of selected plant products in the prevention of cadmium-induced toxicity®

Sitek Agnieszka

Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego

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2021

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nr 1

79--94

EN

Long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) leads to the development of numerous diseases in human as well as in animals associated with renal and hepatic injury, respiratory, skeletal and cardiovascular disturbances, as well as visual changes, blindness and hearing loss. Cd was classified as human carcinogen (Group 1) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The study discusses the effect of selected plant products on reduced toxicity caused by Cd. Animal studies confirmed that the effect of such products as: turmeric, ginger, garlic, onion, black seeds oil, olive oil, blueberry, green tea, hibiscus was efficient in reducing the Cd level in organs and tissues and had positive effect on the urinary tract and cardiovascular, reproductive, nervous, immune and respiratory system. Consumption of these products in occupational and environmental exposure to Cd appears promising.

PL

Długotrwała ekspozycja na kadm (Cd) ludzi jak i zwierząt, prowadzi do rozwoju wielu zmian patologicznych związanych z uszkodzeniem nerek, wątroby, zaburzeniami w układzie oddechowym, kostnym, sercowo-naczyniowym, a ponadto z zaburzeniami widzenia, ślepotą i niedosłuchem. Cd został zaklasyfikowany przez Międzynarodową Agencję Badań nad Rakiem jako substancja rakotwórcza dla człowieka (Grupa 1). W artykule omówiono potencjalnie korzystny wpływ wybranych produktów roślinnych na zmniejszanie toksyczności wywołanej przez Cd. Badania na zwierzętach wykazały, że spożywanie produktów takich jak: kurkuma, imbir, czosnek, cebula, olej z czarnuszki, oliwa z oliwek, borówka amerykańska, zielona herbata, hibiskus było skuteczne w obniżaniu zawartości Cd w narządach i tkankach oraz korzystnie wpływało na układ krwionośny, moczowy, rozrodczy, nerwowy, odpornościowy i oddechowy. Obiecujące wydaje się zalecanie spożywania tych produktów przy zawodowym i środowiskowym narażeniu na Cd.

8

Effect of Zinc on the Growth and the Antioxidant System of Lens Culinaris Cultivated on Agar Medium

Benhamdi Asma, Kandouli Chouaib, Cherfia Radia, Chelouche Soumia, Boumissa Zeinb, Benniou Mohamed Elhadi, Hafdi Roumeissa, Mechakra Aicha

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 9

13--20

EN

This study aimed to analyze the impact of Zn on the growth and the antioxidant response of Lens culinaris. For this purpose, the seeds were germinated for 6 days in an MS/2 culture medium with different Zn concentrations. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein contents, and antioxidant enzymes activities were measured in both parts of the plant by spectrometry. The results showed that from the Zn concentration of 250 µM, the growth of lentils is inversely proportional to the concentration of Zn in the culture medium. The variations in the level of MDA are not very significant, but at 10 000 μM of Zn in the medium, the level becomes very important, whilst the total protein content decreased. Besides, the evaluation of enzymatic activities indicated that the decline of peroxidase (POD) is concomitant with the increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and that glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as catalase (CAT) reach their maximum activities at 10 000 µM and 3000 µM of Zn in upper parts and roots, respectively. These findings revealed that MDA is a real indicator of oxidative stress in Lens culinaris and that this plant is tolerant to the presence of Zn in the culture medium by developing a powerful antioxidant system, but beyond a certain concentration its antioxidant system becomes ineffective and the plant enters a stress state.

9

Zastosowanie fitobiotyków w profilaktyce zwierząt

Kupczyński Robert, Szumny Antoni

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 3

367--372

PL

W ostatnim czasie coraz większym zainteresowaniem w żywieniu zwierząt cieszą się naturalne produkty roślinne stosowane jako dodatki fitobiotyczne, a wśród nich zioła i produkty uzyskiwane na ich bazie w procesie ekstrakcji chemicznej. Stosowane dodatki w żywieniu zwierząt mogą poprawiać smak i zapach paszy, zwiększać jej pobranie, regulować funkcje trawienne, modyfikować mikroflorę przewodu pokarmowego, a w konsekwencji wpływać na zdrowie, przyrosty masy oraz zużycie paszy. Zwiększenie stabilności tych związków można uzyskać, stosując metody technologiczne i biotechnologiczne. Omówiono działanie przeciwbakteryjne, antyoksydacyjne oraz profilaktyczne zastosowania fitobiotyków u zwierząt gospodarskich.

EN

A review, with 62 refs., of biol. active compds. found in plants, as well as antibacterial, antioxidant and antiinflammatory and preventic effects of their use in livestock.

10

Compensatory paraoxonase and arylesterase levels in hyperbaric oxygen treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Eren Esin, Yilmaz Necat, Yildirim Furkan, Giray Ozlem

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2020

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nr 1(70)

47--52

EN

Objective: Paraoxonase1 (PON1) and Arylesterase (ARE) levels are associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis. The functional status of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is closely related to the PON1/ARE enzyme activity. Functional changes in treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) may be achieved by post-translational modification of lipid metabolism induced by hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Methods: Men patients with SSNHL who met the research criteria were included in the study. HBOT was performed on average 30 sessions. Laboratory measurements were made at the beginning and end of HBOT for the same patients. Serum levels of PON1/ARE and routine lipid laboratory parameters were measured to determine possible changes in SSNHL after HBOT. Results: In this study, a reducing effect on PON1 enzyme amount of long-term HBOT was detected. The serum PON1 amount of patients with SSNHL was 19.7 ± 2.7 ng / mL (mean ±} SD) before HBOT, and the serum PON1 decreased to 17.0 ± 2.1 ng / mL (mean ±} SD) after 30 sessions of HBOT. This decrease in PON1 levels was statistically significant (p =0.035). There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzyme activity of ARE in the SSNHL patients (p=0.024). Conclusion: This preliminary study showed a significant decrease in serum PON1/ARE enzyme content in SSNLH patients with HBOT. In fact, it can be assumed that HBOT has no adverse effect on HDL functionality. However, the decrease in PON1 level by HBOT with 30 or more sessions may be important for the antioxidant function of HDL.It may possibly cause post-translational changes in antioxidant defense mechanisms due to increased oxidative stress with HBOT. In conclusion, larger clinical studies are needed to determine the possible effects of HBOT on HDL-related PON1/ARE functionality in SSNHL.

11

Stres oksydacyjny i wewnątrzkomórkowe mechanizmy antyoksydacyjne

Cal Magdalena, Kilisch Julia

Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski

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2020

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nr 1

38--43

PL

Wszystkie organizmy żywe są narażone na działanie czynników zewnętrznych, które mogą indukować stres komórkowy. Wolne rodniki, których poziom jest kontrolowany przez mechanizmy wewnątrzkomórkowe, są niezbędne dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania komórki. Nadmiar wolnych rodników prowadzi do stresu oksydacyjnego. W komórkach w odpowiedzi na stres oksydacyjny są uruchamiane procesy mające na celu neutralizację nadmiaru wolnych rodników, aby zapobiec ich szkodliwemu wpływowi na elementy składowe komórki. W wyniku stresu oksydacyjnego uszkodzeniu mogą ulec tak ważne elementy komórki jak materiał genetyczny czy lipidy i białka. Bardzo ważną rolę w walce z wolnymi rodnikami odgrywają antyoksydanty, które są produkowane wewnątrzkomórkowo oraz te, które dostępne są jako suplementy diety lub po prostu w żywności.

EN

All living organisms are exposed to external factors that can induce cellular stress. Free radicals, whose level is controlled by intracellular mechanisms, are necessary for the proper functioning of a cell. Excess free radicals lead to oxidative stress. In cells, in response to oxidative stress, processes are initiated to neutralize excess free radicals in order to prevent their harmful effects on the cell's components. As a result of oxidative stress, such important elements of the cell as genetic material, lipids and proteins may be damaged. Antioxidants that are produced intracellularly and those that are available as dietary supplements or simply in food play a very important role in the fight against free radicals.

12

Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes under Induced Oxidative Stress

Deska Małgorzata

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 7

42--51

EN

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include both oxygen free radicals and highly reactive oxygen compounds (such as ozone, singlet oxygen). They are formed in many metabolic processes, as well as under the influence of various environmental factors. Their impact on cells depends on their concentration and the duration of the process. Excessive level of ROS in a cell leads to oxidative stress. One of the defence mechanisms against ROS corresponds to antioxidant enzymes including SOD and CAT. This paper defines the changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes caused by oxidative stress induced by nickel and paraquat in tissue of Acheta domesticus L, derived from various development lines. The obtained results defining the activity of SOD and CAT indicated the differences among individual tissues and the midgut showed the highest activity. Increased activity in relation to the control group results of CAT and SOD in the midgut and fat body of B-line individuals treated with pro-oxidant (particularly nickel) and inhibition of the CAT activity in the midgut of L-line crickets influenced by pro-oxidant indicate that the conducted screening changes the biochemical response to the stress factors. Moreover, the obtained results may indicate the relation of the activity of SOD and CAT with the lifespan of the tested insects.

13

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment is associated with lipid inflammatory response assessed uding serum platelet activating factor

Eren Esin, Yıldırım Furkan, Giray Ozlem, Yilmaz Necat

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2019

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nr 2(67)

103--108

EN

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment is generally a relatively safe therapy for various conditions. However, there are some adverse side effects. For example HBO tratment has been reported to increase the production of free oxygen radicals(FRs). Furthermore, to our knowledge, no previous clinical research has been carried out to study the involvement of platelet-activating factor(PAF)as the lipid oxidative stressor in patients undergoing HBO treatment. A total of 45 patients included in this study were first given clinical assessment and laboratory measurements before starting HBO treatment and were named group baseline. After the HBO treatment, the same clinical and laboratory measurements from the same patients were repeated and this was named group sesion >20.As expected, long-term HBO treatment had no effect on oxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein), a lipid oxidative stress(OS) marker. However, the mean PAF values in the second group showed a statistically significant increase compared to their pretreatment values, (P <0. 002).As this is a preliminary study, there is a need for more detailed investigations that demonstrate the association of HBO treatment with the lipid inflammatory response. Therefore, there is need for further clinical study for OS markers such as oxLDL in HBO treatment. Clinical prospective studies are required to confirm our laboratory findings.

PL

Leczenie tlenem hiperbarycznym (HBO) jest na ogół stosunkowo bezpieczną terapią stosowaną w różnych schorzeniach. Niemniej jednak możliwe jest wystąpienie pewnych niekorzystnych skutków ubocznych. Przykładowo, istnieją doniesienia mówiące o tym, że leczenie przy użyciu HBO zwiększa produkcję wolnych rodników tlenowych (free radicals, FR). Ponadto, zgodnie z naszą wiedzą, nie prowadzono wcześniejszych badań klinicznych w celu zbadania udziału czynnika aktywującego płytkki krwi (PAF) jako lipidowego stresora oksydacyjnego u pacjentów poddawanych leczeniu HBO. Łącznie 45 pacjentów objętych badaniem zostało poddanych ocenie klinicznej i pomiarom laboratoryjnym przed rozpoczęciem leczenia HBO, którym nadano nazwę grupy wyjściowej. Po leczeniu HBO powtórzono te same pomiary kliniczne i laboratoryjne u tych samych pacjentów i oznaczono je jako sesję grupową >20. Zgodnie z oczekiwaniami, długotrwałe leczenie HBO nie miało wpływu na marker oxLDL (utlenione lipoproteiny o małej gęstości), czy marker lipidowego stresu oksydacyjnego (OS). Jednakże, średnie wartości PAF w drugiej grupie wykazały statystycznie istotny wzrost w porównaniu z ich wartościami w leczeniu wstępnym (P <0,002). Istnieje zatem potrzeba dalszych badań klinicznych nad markerami OS, takimi jak oxLDL, w leczeniu HBO. Kliniczne badania prospektywne są konieczne w celu potwierdzenia wyników badań laboratoryjnych.

14

Effect of Fluoride and Bentonite on Biochemical Aspects of Oxidative Stress in Pisum sativum

Śnioszek M., Telesiński A., Smolik B., Zakrzewska H.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 2

164--171

EN

Fluoride is regarded as one of the strongest oxidants, which causes oxidative changes in cells of living organisms. It may both increase the content of reactive oxygen species and inhibit the activity of antioxidative enzyme. In recent years, many researchers successfully used the properties of clay minerals in the sorption of fluoride ion from water. This raises the question of the possibility of limiting the effect of fluorine on the negative changes in plants by adding bentonite to soil. A two-year pot experiment was carried out in the Greenhouse of West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, on loamy sand and sandy loam. Each sample of soil was mixed with three different concentrations of bentonite – 1, 5, 10% of dry weight (DW) of the soil and then treated with 30 mmol of F- per 1 kg of dry weight of the soil in a form of NaF solution. A control series was prepared for each soil, to which no additives were added. The medium prepared in such way was transferred to plastic pots (3 kg each) and seeded with 16 pea seeds of Pisum sativum. In three phases of pea development (4 leaves unfolded, flowering and development of fruit), fresh leaf samples were collected and the concentrations of ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, total flavonoids and total polyphenols were measured. Sodium fluoride introduced to the soil changed the level of antioxidant parameters in the plant, which may suggest that fluoride is involved in the formation of reactive oxygen species, resulting in oxidative stress. Bentonite in a dosage of 10% reduced the toxic effects of fluoride on the oxidative balance and morphological changes in the plant, which was observed especially for loamy sand, naturally poor in clay minerals.

15

The effect of cadmium on oxidative stress in Beta vulgaris

Rombel-Bryzek A., Rajfur M., Żuk O., Zając P.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2018

|

Vol. 25, nr 3

457--467

EN

As a heavy metal, cadmium has strongly toxic effects on plants and can induce oxidative stress. It is absorbed by the roots and transported to the stems and leaves. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of cadmium on the metabolic activity of Beta vulgaris and assess the dependence of these processes on the content of metal in the plants. To demonstrate the effect of cadmium on metabolism, protein and photosynthetic pigment content, lipid peroxidation, and the activity of enzymes specific for oxidative stress in roots and shoots were measured. Seeds of B. vulgaris were treated with different concentrations of Cd supplied via a CdCl2 solution: 0 (control), 200, 300 and 400 mg/dm3. Results of the present study revealed increased GPOX activity as cadmium concentration rose, while SOD activity was stimulated by a low Cd concentration (200 mg/dm3) and reduced by high levels of Cd. Based on the present findings, it can be concluded that GPOX in B. vulgaris played a more important role in ROS scavenging than SOD did and was able to reduce the level of lipid peroxidation in plants. Cadmium, in the concentration range used, did not show any significant effect on protein or photosynthetic pigment content.

16

Metal resistance and uptake by Trichosporon asahii and Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from industrial effluents

Ilyas S., Rehman A.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2018

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Vol. 44, no. 3

77--84

EN

Metal-resistant yeast strains, Trichosporon asahii and Pichia kudriavzevii, were grown-well onto YPD medium at 37°C (pH 6) and 30°C (pH 7), respectively. Tolerance values determined in T. asahii were 35 mM (Pb), 33 mM (Cu), 30 mM (As) and 10 mM (Cd) while P. kudriavzevii resisted up to 31 mM (Pb), 27 mM (Cu), 15 mM (Cd) and 12 mM (As). Yeasts grown in Minimal Salt Medium (MSM) were treated separately with metal challenge (100 mg/L) for 2 days. T. asahii showed elevated glutathione (GSH) level with Cd (83.06), As (81.87), Pb (66.88) and Cu (56.19) mM/g which was 70 (Cu), 69.87 (Pb), 56.47 (As) and 52.76 (Cd) in P. kudriavzevii as compared to the control. The glutathione (GSH): glutathione disulfi de (GSSG) ratio was decreased with all treated heavy-metals except Cd in T. asahii and increased with Cu and Pb in P. kudriavzevii. T. asahii could remove 78% (Cd), 72% (As), 85% (Cu) and 94.5% (Pb) from the medium after 12 days while was able to uptake 44.8, 41, 62 and 72 mg/g Cd, As, Cu and Pb, respectively. Likewise, P. kudriavzevii was able to remove 61% (Cd), 62% (As), 61% (Cu) and 87% (Pb) after 12 days of incubation and also showed capacity to uptake 36.8, 48, 40 and 57 mg/g Cd, As, Cu and Pb, respectively. Total protein profi ling of yeasts revealed marked differences in banding pattern due to increased oxidation under metal stressed conditions. High metal uptake ability makes T. asahii and P. kudriavzevii potential candidates to remove metals from the environment.

17

Antyoksydacyjne właściwości i przeciwmiażdżycowe działanie paraoksonazy 1

Kupczyk D., Karczmarska-Wódzka A., Studzińska R., Sikora J.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2017

|

[Z] 71, 1-2

3--36

EN

This overview will discuss the Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in arteriosclerosis diseases. Atherosclerosis is one of lifestyle diseases and affects greater number of people. Ischemic heart disease, acute coronary syndromes or stroke are the clinical symptoms of atherosclerosis and are the most common cause of morbidity especially in middle and old age people. In atherosclerosis, in the space between the endothelium and the muscular layer in the wall of a blood vessel, accumulates deposits consisting of macrophages, lipoprotein, low density foam cells and extracellular concentrations of cholesterol. In this way fatty streaks are formed which are early stage atherosclerotic lesions. With the passage of time they are joined by elements of fibrous connective tissue that undergo hypertrophy. They begin to surround primarily created the fireplace of inflammation and separate them from the rest of the blood vessel [1]. Further research if needed to better understanding the mechanisms related to atherosclerosis development and plaque instability because it may have important clinical implications for the identification of high-risk patients. The present review tries to summarize the current knowledge on the role of PON1 in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque is the goal of current research [2].

18

Wpływ kwasów huminowych na aktywność metaboliczną buraka cukrowego w warunkach suszy

Rombel-Bryzek A., Pisarek I.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2017

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Vol. 11, No. 1

279--286

PL

Reaktywne formy tlenu (RFT) powstają w komórkach jako produkt uboczny wielu procesów metabolicznych, a ich wytwarzanie nasila się pod wpływem wielu czynników środowiskowych. W pewnych granicach stężeń obecność RFT jest niezbędna do zachowania prawidłowego funkcjonowania komórki, dlatego rośliny wykształciły liczne mechanizmy, których rola polega na utrzymaniu stałego stężenia RFT. Zachwianie równowagi pomiędzy powstawaniem RFT a działaniem ochronnym systemu antyoksydacyjnego prowadzi do stanu zwanego stresem oksydacyjnym. Susza jest głównym czynnikiem ograniczającym wzrost i rozwój roślin. Jednocześnie badania dowiodły, że kwasy huminowe stosowane dolistnie łagodziły negatywne skutki niedoboru wody dzięki specyficznemu aktywowaniu enzymatycznych systemów antyoksydacyjnych. Celem badań była ocena wpływu kwasów huminowych zastosowanych dolistnie na aktywność metaboliczną buraka cukrowego Beta vulgaris L. w warunkach suszy. Badania przeprowadzono w warunkach laboratoryjnych. W materiale roślinnym, który stanowiły rośliny buraka cukrowego, oznaczano aktywność właściwą peroksydazy gwajakolowej (GPOX), stopień peroksydacji lipidów, zawartość chlorofilu a i b. Wyniki ujawniły, że dolistne zastosowanie kwasów huminowych u roślin wzrastających w warunkach suszy nie zwiększa aktywności właściwej GPOX w porównaniu do roślin regularnie podlewanych. Jednocześnie u tych roślin stwierdzono wzrost stopnia peroksydacji lipidów. W badaniach nie stwierdzono wpływu warunków uprawy na zawartość chlorofilu a i b w badanych roślinach.

EN

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the byproducts of many metabolic processes and their production is increased under of number of environmental factors. In certain concentration range, the presence of ROS is necessary to maintain proper cell function. Thus, cells have many mechanisms, which role is focused on maintaining a constant concentration of ROS. Imbalance between the formation and action of a protective antioxidant system leads to oxidative stress. Drought is a major limiting factor for plant growth and development. At the same time studies have shown that humic acids foliar application moderated the negative effects of water deficient through activation of the enzymatic antioxidant systems. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of humic acid foliar application on the metabolic activity of sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. under drought conditions. Studies were conducted under laboratory conditions. In the plants of sugar beet were determined the specific activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX), lipid peroxidation and chlorophyll a and b content. The results revealed that the humic acid foliar application in plants growing under drought conditions does not increase the specific activity GPOX compared to plants watered regularly. At the same time, found an increase in the degree of lipid peroxidation in these plants. There was no impact of growing conditions on the content of chlorophyll a and b in the studied plants.

19

Wpływ hiperoksji i hiperbarii na ekspresję białek szoku cieplnego i aktywność syntazy tlenku azotu – przegląd badań

Szyller J., Kozakiewicz M., Siermontowski P.

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2017

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nr 1(58)

41--50

PL

Przebywanie w środowisku o zwiększonej zawartości tlenu (wyższym ciśnieniu parcjalnym tlenu, pO2) i pod zwiększonym ciśnieniem (hiperbaria) prowadzi do nasilenia stresu oksydacyjnego. Reaktywne formy tlenu (ROS) uszkadzają cząsteczki białek, kwasów nukleinowych, powodują oksydację lipidów i zaangażowane są w rozwój wielu chorób m.in. układu krążenia, chorób neurodegeneracyjnych i in. Istnieją mechanizmy ochrony przed niekorzystnymi skutkami stresu oksydacyjnego. Należą do nich układy enzymatyczne i nieenzymatyczne. Do tych ostatnich zaliczają się m.in. białka szoku cieplnego (HSP). Dokładna ich rola i mechanizm działania są intensywnie badane w ostatnich latach. Hiperoksja i hiperbaria wpływa także na ekspresję i aktywność syntazy tlenku azotu (NOS). Jej produkt – tlenek azotu (NO) może reagować z reaktywnymi formami tlenu i przyczyniać się do rozwoju stresu nitrozacyjnego. NOS występuje w postaci izoform w różnych tkankach i w różny sposób reagujących na omawiane czynniki. Autorzy dokonali krótkiego przeglądu badań określających wpływ hiperoksji i hiperbarii na ekspresję HSP i aktywność NOS.

EN

Any stay in an environment with an increased oxygen content (a higher oxygen partial pressure, pO2) and an increased pressure (hyperbaric conditions) leads to an intensification of oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage the molecules of proteins, nucleic acids, cause lipid oxidation and are engaged in the development of numerous diseases, including diseases of the circulatory system, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. There are certain mechanisms of protection against unfavourable effects of oxidative stress. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems belong to them. The latter include, among others, heat shock proteins (HSP). Their precise role and mechanism of action have been a subject of intensive research conducted in recent years. Hyperoxia and hyperbaria also have an effect on the expression and activity of nitrogen oxide synthase (NOS). Its product - nitrogen oxide (NO) can react with reactive oxygen species and contribute to the development of nitrosative stress. NOS occurs as isoforms in various tissues and exhibit different reactions to the discussed factors. The authors have prepared a brief review of research determining the effect of hyperoxia and hyperbaria on HSP expression and NOS activity.

20

The impact of copper ions on oxidative stress in garden cress Lepidium sativum

Rombel-Bryzek A., Rajfur M., Zhuk O.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2017

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Vol. 24, nr 4

627--636

EN

Normal oxygen metabolism is an endogenous source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The source of ROS are also many environmental factors including heavy metals. In certain concentration range, the presence of ROS is necessary to maintain proper cell function. Thus, cells have many mechanisms, which role is focused on maintaining a constant concentration of ROS. Imbalance between the formation of ROS and action of a protective antioxidant system leads to oxidative stress. This may results with a damage to the structure of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, which in turn can lead to disturbances in the functioning of the cell and even to the death. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of copper ions on the metabolic activity of garden cress Lepidium sativum L. The action of copper ions with different concentrations was treated seeds. After four, six and eight days after planting in the leaves of garden cress were determined the specific activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX), lipid peroxidation and protein content. Additionally intake of copper ions was determined using adsorption spectrometry technique. The results revealed that the applied doses of copper ions affected the activity of guaiacol peroxidase. The highest enzyme activity was found in plant material, which was treated with dose of copper ions 1000 mg/dm3 regardless of day. In the same samples the lowest level of lipid peroxidation was found. The highest concentrations of total proteins was found in samples treated with the highest dose of copper ions. The copper content in the tested plant material is correlated with the applied dose of copper ions. Our results indicate reliable correlations between copper content and values of oxidative stress biomarkers in plant tissues.