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Przykłady wykorzystania testu OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ do oceny zanieczyszczenia pyłów drogowych metalami w aglomeracji wrocławskiej

Wróbel Magdalena, Rybak Justyna, Rogula-Kozłowska Wioletta

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2020

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Vol. 29, No. 1

27--36

PL

Zanieczyszczenia obecne w pyle drogowym, pochodzące z ruchu ulicznego takie jak WWA i inne związki organiczne czy metale ciężkie, są wymywane wraz z deszczem i dostają się do wód, ostatecznie kumulując się w osadzie dennym na wiele lat, tym samym zagrażając organizmom wodnym oraz istotnie wpływając na jakość wód. Aby zbadać wpływ tych związków na zdrowie organizmów żywych, nie wystarczą tylko rutynowe badania chemizmu wód i badania osadów dennych, ponieważ do tego celu bardziej nadają się organizmy żywe. Z tego powodu chcąc poznać reakcję na tego typu zanieczyszczenia organizmów żywych, do badania toksyczności pyłów drogowych spłukiwanych z dróg po raz pierwszy w Polsce zastosowano test toksyczności chronicznej OSTRACODTOXKIT F™, który polega na obserwacji rozwoju Heterocypris incongruens naturalnie występującego w osadach dennych. Małżoraczki H. incongruens wykorzystane w badaniach są bardzo wrażliwe na zanieczyszczenie metalami ciężkimi, stanowią zatem odpowiednie narzędzie do badania toksyczności pyłu drogowego wymywanego do fazy wodnej. Badania prowadzono w aglomeracji wrocławskiej (w centrum miasta i na przedmieściach), na stanowiskach różniących się intensywnością ruchu drogowego. Stwierdzono, że pył drogowy ma istotny wpływ na zahamowanie wzrostu oraz żywotność małżoraczków, ponieważ na obszarach o dużym natężeniu ruchu drogowego ich śmiertelność była bardzo duża, co korespondowało z podwyższonymi poziomami stężenia badanych pierwiastków na tych stanowiskach badawczych. Z kolei pył drogowy zebrany na przedmieściach Wrocławia nie powodował śmiertelności małżoraczków i tylko nieznacznie wpłynął na ich rozwój. Podsumowując, stwierdzono, że test toksyczności chronicznej OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ jest odpowiednim narzędziem do badania wpływu pyłów drogowych na ekosystem wodny.

EN

The application of OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ test to assess metals contamination in road dust in Wrocław agglomeration. Pollutants present in road dust deriving from trafﬁ c, such as PAHs and other organic compounds or heavy metals, are washed out with rain and get into the water bodies accumulating in sediments for many years and simultaneously posing a threat to aquatic life and signiﬁ cantly affecting water quality. To study the impact of these toxic compounds on the health of living organisms, routine tests of water and sediments chemistry are insufﬁ cient as studies based on living organisms are much more reliable. And therefore, in order to know the response of living organisms to road dust pollutants which enter the water bodies the chronic toxicity test OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ was used. This test is based on the observation of development of Heterocypris incongruens that normally lives in sediments. Ostracod, H. incongruens is very sensitive to heavy metal contamination, thus it is a very good tool to study toxicity of road dust washed out with rain into the water bodies. The research was conducted in the Wrocław agglomeration (in the city centre and suburbs) at sites differing in the intensity of car trafﬁ c. We observed that road dust had a signiﬁ cant effect on growth inhibition and death of ostracods, as highest growth inhibition and mortality in the busy areas occurred which also corres ponded with highest concentrations of studied elements at these sites. On the other hand, road dust collected in the suburbs of Wrocław did not cause death of H. incongruens and only slightly affected their development. In conclusion, we can state that the chronic toxicity test OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ is a suitable tool to study the impact of road dust on the aquatic ecosystem.

2

Historia pierwszej w Warszawie pracowni mikropaleontologicznej

Gawor-Biedowa Eugenia

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 5

449--460

EN

Micropalaeontological Laboratory at the Polish Geological Institute in Warsaw was organized by Władysław Pożaryski in 1947. The studies were going towards the development of regional micropalaeontological stratigraphic schemes of Mesozoic deposits of Poland (excluding the Carpathians) and dating rocks, based on micropalaeontological analyses. Results of examination of a huge number of samples (over 90,000) have been the basis for biostratigraphical reports and monographs, diagnoses of many new taxa, and over 1000 archival collections of Mesozoic, Paleogene and Neogene microfaunas. The golden era of the Laboratory had lasted almost four decades.

3

Palaeoenvironmental changes in the Holsteinian (MIS 11c) palaeolake at Ortel Królewski II (Eastern Poland) in the light of ostracod analysis

Wasążnik M.

Studia Quaternaria

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2018

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Vol. 35, Nr 2

91--102

EN

Lacustrine deposits from Ortel Królewski II (Eastern Poland) represent the Holsteinian Interglacial (MIS 11c). They are characterized by an extremely rich occurrence of ostracod and mollusc fauna. Collected samples represent pre-optimal part of the Holsteinian Interglacial corresponding to Picea–Alnus, Taxus and Pinus–Larix zones. Based on ostracod assemblage analysis a depth of the paleolake, the energy of the environment and the average January and July air temperature were reconstructed. Ostracods from Ortel Królewski II indicate a lake with possible periodic overflow surrounded by periodically flooded grasslands, which existed in the study area during the pre-optimal part of Holsteinian Interglacial.

4

Detailed biostratigraphic scales as based on the palaeobiogenetical approach (an example of the Upper Bajocian – Lower Bathonian ostracod scale of the Russian Platform)

Shurupova Y. A., Tesakova E. M.

Volumina Jurassica

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2017

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Vol. 15, no 1

121--138

EN

Two new species of ostracods of the family Progonocytheridae Sylvester-Bradley Camptocythere (C.) lateres Tesakova et Shurupova, sp. nov. and C. (C.) angustius Tesakova et Shurupova, sp. nov. from the Michalskii and Besnosovi ammonite zones (Upper Bajocian – Lower Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of the Sokur section (Saratov) are described. The changes in ontogenesis in the phylogeny of Camptocythere (C.) lateres Tesakova et Shurupova in the stratigraphical interval corresponding to the Palaeocytheridea kalandadzei ostracod Zone, and especially to the beds with C. (C.) lateres, have been studied. The levels of the change in the predominant type of sculpture (corresponding to evolutionary boundaries) are recognized in the sculpture development among the adult representatives of the species in its phylogeny. This palaeobiogenetic (heterochrony) approach allows subdivision of the beds with C. (C.) lateres into three stratigrapical intervals characterized by changes in the type of sculpture.

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Molluscs and ostracods of the Qarun Lake: preliminary report from FA-1 core in Faiyum Oasis, northern Egypt

Szymanek M.

Studia Quaternaria

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2017

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Vol. 34, Nr 1

39--45

EN

A research was conducted on the Holocene lake sediments from the full-cored FA-1 drilling at the southern shore of the Qarun Lake in the Faiyum Oasis in northern Egypt. Altogether 10 taxa of molluscs and 8 taxa of ostracods were identified in the examined deposits, with total amounts of 768 and 2872 individuals, respectively. The fauna was investigated with palaeoecological purpose and allowed for preliminary reconstruction of sedimentary environment in the lake. The occurrence of Valvata nilotica Jickeli, 1874 and Gomphocythere sp. in the lower part of the core and a low proportion of carapaces (2.4–28%) indicated freshwater and higher-energy conditions, respectively. Rapid expansion of Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850) at a depth of 18 m could point to very short saline episode in the lake. The increase in salinity and drop of water level were evidenced in the uppermost part of the core (4–3.5 m), when the lake was dominated by Hydrobia ventrosa (Montagu, 1803), Cerastoderma glaucum (Poiret, 1789) and C. torosa. The steady sedimentation in a shallow lake was also supported by considerable amount of complete ostracod carapaces (45%). The faunal assemblage and smooth valves of C. torosa suggested salinity of 14–25‰.

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Przemiany klimatyczno-środowiskowe w późnym glacjale i holocenie na podstawie badań zespołów malakofauny i małżoraczków na obszarze południowego Bałtyku : wpływ na ówczesne biocenozy

Krzymińska J., Pikies R., Przezdziecki P.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 1

49--58

EN

The climate changes and related crucial environmental changes in the Late Glacial and Holocene in the Southern Baltic area can be investigated by mollusc and ostracod analyses. It is well known that accumulation of mineral and biogenic sediments in the Southern Baltic area began in the Late Glacial. The process took place in cold tundra lakes and mires. The presence of lake basins is confirmed by seismoacoustic investigations and the resulting 3D spatial model. Lacustrine sediments contain an assemblage of molluscs and ostracod fauna represented by freshwater species indicating cold climate, such as: Armiger crista f. cristatus, Gyraulus laevis, Lymnaea peregra, Pisidium casertanum, Pisidium casertanum f. ponderosa, Pisidium milium, Pisidium nitidum, Pisidium obtusale f. lapponicum, Valvata cristata, Pisidium conventus, Candona candida, Candona neglecta, Cytherissa lacustris, Darwinula stevensoni and Cypridopsis vidua. The accumulation in freshwater reservoirs was continued during the Early Holocene. Besides cold freshwater species, sediments of that age also contain freshwater species of molluscs and ostracods that required higher temperature: Bithynia tentaculata, Physa fontinalis, Pisidium amnicum, Candona compressa and Metacypris cordata. It indicates a climate warming in the Preboreal period. These lake sediments were partly destroyed and covered by marine sands during the Middle and Upper Holocene. Good indicators of changing from a freshwater to marine environment are the following marine species found in the sediments: Hydrobia ulvae, Hydrobia ventrosa, Cerastoderma glaucum, Mytilus edulis, Macoma balthica, Cyprideis torosa and Cytheromorpha fuscata.

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A multidisciplinary study on the palaeoenvironmental history of the Resko Przymorskie Lake spit during the Late Glacial and Holocene (the southern Baltic coast, NW Poland)

Sydor P., Krzymińska J., Rzodkiewicz M., Kotrys B.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 3

531--550

EN

The paper presents the results of sedimentological and biostratigraphical analyses from the Resko Przymorskie Lake spit (NW Poland), supported by radiocarbon datings. The study has aimed to recognize the geological structure of the spit and its base and to recognize the palaeoenivronmental changes. Nine sedimentary series composing the Resko Przymorskie Lake spit have been distinguished (I–IX). The oldest sediments are the Vistulian Glaciation till (series I) and fluvioglacial sand and gravel (series II). In the Early Holocene, in the study area there was a river valley (series III) followed by a shallow water basin (series IV), which was replaced by a peat bog (series V). In the Atlantic (7.4 ka cal BP), the water level rose (Littorina transgression) and accumulation of lagoonal sediments started (series VI). Biostratigraphic analysis of deposits in series VI indicates a marine influence. In the Atlantic and Subboreal, the spit moved southwards and fine sand (series VII) was deposited on lagoonal gyttja and silt (series VI). In the western part of the study area, peat accumulated (series VIII), dated at 6.7 ka cal BP (Late Atlantic). The youngest series IX is composed of aeolian fine sand in white dunes that formed in the last 400 years.

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A Hirnantian deep-water refuge for warm-water ostracods in Baltoscandia

Truuver K., Meidla T.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 4

738--749

EN

The latest Ordovician is marked by a severe climate change, the Hirnantian glaciation. This climatic event affected many marine taxa including ostracods. Rich and abundant ostracod assemblages of the Baltic Palaeobasin were severly impoverished. Many of the typical pre-Hirnatian warm-water ostracod species died out, but also some distinct, cold-water species appeared. Two very different but likely coeval latest Ordovician ostracod assemblages are recorded in the Baltic countries and north-eastern Poland. The latest Ordovician Estonian Shelf (inner ramp) is characterized by the Medianella aequa association whilst sections in the Livonian Basin (middle to outer ramp) reveal the Harpabollia harparum association that is thought to represent a cold-water assemblage belonging to the Dalmanitina-Hirnantia Fauna sensu lato. A transitional assemblage composed of a “species mixture” of typical Hirnantian cold-water and some pre-Hirnantian warm-water ostracod species is described for the first time from the Kętrzyn IG1 borehole, north-eastern Poland. The assemblage is dominated by Cryptophyllus pius sp. n. The genus Cryptophyllus is rare in the two other well-known assemblages. The discovery suggests that marginal parts of the Baltic Palaeobasin could serve as a kind of refuge for the last representatives of the ostracod faunas of the inner shelf of Baltic Palaeobasin. The Hirnantian assemblage is replaced by the low-diversity recovery assemblage that is dated as late Hirnantian-Silurian in Estonia and other areas. This suggests that the position of the systemic boundary in the Kętrzyn borehole and elsewhere in north-eastern Poland should be re-evaluated.

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Palaeoecological analysis of Berriasian ostracods of the central Crimea

Savelieva J.

Volumina Jurassica

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2014

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Vol. 12, no. 1

163--174

EN

The author has completed a palaeoecological analysis of assemblages of ostracods, collected from the sections of the Berriasian deposits of central Crimea. The strata belonging to this stage are divided into four formations, and these into stratigraphic subdivisions of member rank, numbered 1–29. The members accumulated in deeper and shallower environments in a shallow marine basin, and are distinguished on the basis of the characteristic features of the composition of the ostracod complexes. Changes of temperature conditions and water mobility were identified.

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Integrated palaeontological characteristics (ammonites, ostracods, foraminifers, dinocysts) of the Berriasian deposits of central Crimea

Savelieva J., Feodorova A., Shurekova O., Arkadiev V.

Volumina Jurassica

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2014

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Vol. 12, no. 1

129--162

EN

The Berriasian deposits of the central Crimea have been studied in order to compose a composite sequence of the stage with detailed palaeontological characterization. The Berriasian includes the Bedenekyrskaya Formation (packstones), Bechku Formation (siltstones, sandstones) and Kuchkinskaya Formation (sponge packstones, clays, siltstones, and coral-algal bioherm framestones). The Jacobi, Occitanica and Boissieri zones were identified based on ammonites found in the sections. A micropalaeontological analysis determined the following: 6 foraminiferal assemblages, the Costacythere khiamii – Hechticythere belbekensis and Costacythere drushchitzi – Reticythere marfenini ostracod assemblages, and a Phoberocysta neocomica dinocyst assemblage. Palaeoecological analysis of the ostracod and foraminiferal associations indicates a moderately warm marine basin with normal salinity and shallow depths (tens of meters). Only the sponge horizon was probably deposited in a deeper-water environment.

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Biostratigraphy of the Emsian to Eifelian in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

Fijałkowska-Mader A., Malec J.

Geological Quarterly

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2011

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Vol. 55, No. 2

109-138

EN

The paper give a biostratigraphic interpretation of the Emsian to Eifelian in the Łysogóry and Kielce regions of the Holy Cross Mountains, based on the different groups of microfossils: miospores, conodonts, ostracods and foraminifers. Four miospore zones were identified in the uppermost Pragian, Emsian and lowermost Eifelian: Verrucosisporites polygonalis-Dibolisporites wetteldorfensis (PW), Emphanisporites annulatus-Brochotriletes bellatulus (AB), Emphanisporites foveolatus-Verruciretusispora dubia (FD) and Acinosporites apiculatus-Grandispora protea (AP). In the Łysogóry region, the Emsian and lowermost Eifelian comprises four cono-dont zones: serotinus,patulus,partitus and costatus, three ostracod assemblages and several foraminifer assemblages. In the Kielce region, deposits from the Emsian/Eifelian boundary interval yield conodonts from the patulus and partitus zones, two ostracod assemblages and assemblages of agglutinated foraminifers. The joint biostratigraphic analysis allows a tentative correlation of the lithostratigraphic units from both areas. It also provides independent control/calibration on the different biostratigraphical systems. The Pragian/Emsian boundary is located in the lower part of the Barcza Formation and in the lower part of the Haliszka Formation, whereas the Emsian/Eifelian boundary lies in the upper part of the Grzegorzowice Formation and in the upper part of the Winna Formation.

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Fauna z osadów plejstoceńskich w stanowiskach Sucha Wieś (Pojezierze Ełckie) i Czarnucha (Równina Augustowska), północno-wschodnia Polska

Skompski S.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2009

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nr 435

85--95

PL

Do badań faunistycznych wykorzystano próbki osadów pobranych z otworu wiertniczego Sucha Wieś (Pojezierze Ełckie) z głębokości 153,60-178,00 m oraz z otworu wiertniczego Czarnucha (Równina Augustowska) z głębokości 96,05-118,85 m. Z badanej serii osadów jeziorno-bagiennych opisano szczątki różnych grup zwierząt: ślimaków (Gastropoda), małży (Bivalvia), małżoraczków (Ostrazoda), ryb (Pisces), chrząszczy (Coleoptera) i innych. Do określenia wieku osadów, szczególnie przydatne okazały się mięczaki (ślimaki i małże) oraz małżoraczki. Na podstawie obecności ślimaka Lithoglyphus jahni oraz małżoraczka Scottia browniana uznano, że osady nie mogą być młodsze od interglacjału mazowieckiego.

EN

Samples collected from the Sucha Wieś borehole (Ełk Lakeland) from a depth interval of 153.60-178.00 and from the Czarnucha borehole (Augustów Plain) from a depth interval of 96.05-118.85 m were analysed for faunal content. The lacustrine-marsh deposits contain fragments of various animals including gastropods, bivalves, ostracods, fish, Coleoptera and others. Especially important for age determinations are moluscs (gastropods and bivalves) and ostracods. The presence of Lithoglyphus jahni (gastropod) and Scottia browniana (ostracod) indicates that the deposits cannot be younger than the Mazovian Interglacial.

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Recent data on the ostracod fauna from the Lower and Middle Toarcian of Peniche, Portugal

Pinto S., Cabral M., Duarte L.

Volumina Jurassica

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2006

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Vol. 4, no. 1

204-205

EN

At Peniche region, western Portugal, a rather continuous marly limestone succession ranging in age from the Sinemurian to the earliest Aalenian crops out. The ostracod fauna from a 74 m thick packet within this succession has been studied, encompassing deposits that range from the topmost Pliensbachian (topmost Spinatum Biozone) to the Middle Toarcian (Polymorphum, Levisoni, Bifrons and basal Gradata biozones). The studied levels belong to Lemede (2 m) and Cabo Carvoeiro Formations. From the 47 samples collected in the marly layers, a single one is azoic. Sample numbers and bed subdivision are according to biozonation in Duarte (1995), which considers 5 packets: topmost Spinatum, Polymorphum, Levisoni, Levisoni+Bifrons, Bifrons+basal Gradata. The systematic study of the ostracods has been undertaken, and some palaeoecological aspects have also been addressed, namely hydrodynamics (carapace/valve ratio), bathymetry and oxygenation, based on marker genera/groups. Around 8000 individuals were obtained (1 individual =1 carapace or 1 valve), which are commonly badly preserved. At least 58 species belonging to 22 genera have been identified until now. The top of Spinatum Biozone displays both high diversity (8-15 species/sample) and abundance (222-402 individuals/sample) of ostracods. The dominant species are from the genus Ogmoconcha, Ogmoconchella and Liasina, associated with Polycope, Paracypris, Ledahia, among others. The Polymorphum Biozone shows high diversity (3-22 species/sample) and variable abundance (1-150 individuals/sample). The genera Ogmoconcha, Ogmoconchella and Liasina still dominate and, from the first levels of the biozone, heavily ornamented species of Kinkelinella are present; the genus Isobythocypris occurs for the first time. In Levisoni Biozone, the ostracod diversity (1-4 species/sample) and abundance (1-150 individuals/ sample) are low, in contrast with previous biozones. Ogmoconcha and Ogmoconchella disappear, and the genus Cytherella appears for the first time, becoming dominant together with Liasina in the first levels of the biozone. In the upper part, Kinkelinella dominates and at the top Bairdiacypris and Cytheroptheron occur for the first time. Levisoni+Bifrons shows that ostracod diversity is moderate (5-11 species/sample) and abundance is high (60-310 individuals/sample). Species from the genera Bairdiacypris and Kinkelinella dominate, Cytherella and Patellacythere are common. Bifrons+basal Gradata shows higher diversity (3-18 species/sample) than previous unit and variable abundance (16-468 individuals/sample). Bairdiacypris, Cytherella and Kinkelinella dominate, and Macrocypris and Trachycythere(?) occur for the first time. All of the recognized species have been found in formations of a similar age in Western Europe, and are benthic marine species, except the genus Polycope (pelagic). Most of the species indicates a deep marine setting, with variable oxygenation levels, from normal to low (predominance of Metacopina and Cytherella), for the all section. The water energy was also variable, being stronger at the topmost Spinatum and Polymorphum biozones, within which ostracod valves are dominant, and lower at the Levisoni and Levisoni+Bifrons biozones, within which ostracod carapaces clearly dominate.

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Biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous in central and SE Poland

Dziadzio P. S., Gaździcka E., Ploch I., Smoleń J.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2004

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Vol. 74, No 2

125-196

EN

Detailed biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous deposits in central and southeastern Poland (the Warsaw and Lublin troughs and the Carpathian Foredeep) were established and refered to the cyclicity nature of the sedimentary basins filling. The surfaces of transgression and maximum flooding, and sequence boundaries were identified on the grounds of geophysical well-logs analysis, including: gamma (G), neutron (N), spontaneous potential (SP), and resistivity (R) logs. The analysis allowed us to distinguish sedimentary sequences of various scales and to correlate them precisely throughout the studied area. The chronostratigraphic framework was based on analyses of ammonite, microfauna and calcareous nannoplankton assemblages analysed in the same series. Mixed, Tethyan and Boreal macro- and microfauna allowed us to identify biostratigraphic zones of both, the Tethyan and Boreal realms. The recognised boreal ammonite zones included robustum, heteropleurum (lowermost Valanginian), polytomus-crassus, triptychoides (Upper Valanginian), amblygonium, noricum (Lower Hauterivian) and gottschei (Upper Hauterivian), as well as the Tethyan zones, such as petransiens (Lower Valanginian), verrucosum (Upper Valanginian) and radiatus (Upper Hauterivian). Eight foraminiferal assemblages were identified in the studied series. Some of them were correlated with the six Berriasian and Valanginian ostracod zones: Cypridea dunkeri, C. granulosa, C. vidrana, Protocythere propria emslandensis, P. aubersonensis and P. frankei. Thirteen calcareous nannoplankton zones have been distinguished, in reference to the stratigraphical zonal scheme of the Lower Saxony Basin. The microfossil data allowed us to recognise the position of the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary. It was correlated with a sequence boundary by analysis of geophysical logs. This boundary was identified along the studied area, over a distance of more than 170 km. Genetically controlled third order sedimentary sequences (parasequences) were described in the Lower Cretaceous, which record the progress of the sedimentary basins filling. A local curve of relative sea-level changes presented in this paper was correlated with a global one. A reconstruction of depositional sequences allowed us to indicate periods of tectonic activity in the studied area, adjacent to the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone.

15

Ostracoda of the Eemian Interglacial at Kruklanki in NE Poland

Namiotko T., Szczechura J., Namiotko L.

Studia Quaternaria

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2003

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Vol. 20

3-24

EN

The assemblage of lacustrine ostracods found in the Eemian Interglacial sediments at Kruklanki (Masurian Lake District, northeastern Poland) contains 18 species belonging to 13 genera. The most dominant species are Candona neglecta Sars, 1887, Limnocytherina sanctipatricii (Brady et Robertson, 1869), Limnocythere inopinata (Baird, 1843) and Candona candida (O.F. Müller, 1776). Cyclocypris serena (Koch, 1838), Ilyocypris decipiens Masi, 1905, Pseudocandona insculpta (G.W. Müller, 1900) and Leucocythere mirabilis Kaufmann, 1892 are recorded for the first time from the Eemian of Poland; the latter two species are also new for the Eemian lacustrine deposits of Europe. The ecological requirements of the recognised ostracod species as well as their geographic ranges in the Quaternary of Europe are summarised. Based on these data, past habitat type is estimated as a deeper littoral of a lake with reasonably cold, well-oxygenated and calcium-rich waters. The present state of knowledge of the Eemian ostracods from Poland is reviewed and their comparison with the Eemian ostracod assemblages from Europe is briefly given. Comparison of the ostracod faunal assemblage from Kruklanki with those from other Eemian sites in Poland enables to establish and describe one general type of ostracod assemblages characteristic for lacustrine littoral in this interglacial.

16

Palaeogeography of late glacial and lower holocene lakes in the pomeranian bay on the basis of malacofauna and ostracods and seismoacoustic data

Krzymińska J., Przeździecki P.

Studia Quaternaria

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2001

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Vol. 18

3-10

EN

Within a small (2.5 x 2.5 km) test field, located in the eastern part of the Pomeranian Bay, the geological structure was investigated in detail using seismoacoustic profiling and coring. In the cores, mineral grain size and micro- and macrofauna were analysed. Basing on seismoacoustic records, three main seismostratigraphic units were distinguished. The lowest unit is built of sand and muddy sand. Higher up lies the unit of sandy mud, in some places -of clay. Fauna assemblages indicate cold climate conditions, and clearly point to an existence of lacustrine reservoir of oligotrophic character. Analysis of cores shows that sedimentation began in bog conditions. The lakes in the area existed till the Atlantic period, when due to sea transgression they became filled with sandy sediments. The third unit is built mainly of fine sand, locally medium sand, even with addition of gravel. Basing on the presence of marine fauna, this unit is classified as marine sand.

17

Nowe dane o profilu osadów interglacjału mazowieckiego w Cząstkowie

Krzymińska J., Jurys L.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2001

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Vol. 49 nr 8

688-691

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie i dyskusja wyników nowych badań unikalnego profilu osadów interglacjału mazowieckiego w Cząstkowie. Osady jeziorne poddano badaniom mikrofaunistycznym oraz datowano metodą uranowo-torową. Analiza małżoraczków wniosła istotne dane do analizy przebiegu akumulacji osadów na tle zmian klimatycznych. W badanych osadach występowały małżoraczki zimno-stenotermiczne, nie stwierdzono natomiast obecności gatunków małżoraczków ciepłolubnych, wskaźnikowych dla osadów interglacjału mazowieckiego, takich jak: Scottia browniana (Jones). Natomiast daty U-Th, określone wartościami: <110 (ka) i <130 (ka) nie potwierdziły wieku interglacjału mazowieckiego.

EN

The principal aim of this paper is to discuss the new results derived from investigations of a unique profile of Mazovian Interglacial deposits at Cząstkowo. Lake deposits were studied microfaunistically and dated using a U-Th method. The analysis of ostracods gives important data on the deposition course versus the climatic changes. The sediments examined contain cold stenothermal ostracods; no warm stenothermal species characteristic for Mazovian Interglacial deposits, such as: Scottia browniana (Jones) occur. The U-Th datings revealed 110 ka and 130 ka, not confirming Mazovian Interglacial age.

18

Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian) stratigraphy of northwestern Poland : conodont, miospore and ostracod zones compared

Matyja H., Turnau E., Żbikowska B.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2000

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Vol. 70, No. 3-4

193-217

EN

Detailed stratigraphy of the Tournaisian and Viséan in western Pomerania has been established on conodonts, miospores and ostracods recovered from 25 boreholes. Miospore associations from the Tournaisian and Viséan are assigned to nine biostratigraphic units (zones and subzones) erected earlier. Three successive benthic ostracod assemblages and two sub-assemblages are distinguished for the Tournaisian. The miospore zones/subzones and the ostracod assemblages/subassemblages are correlated with the Tournaisian sandbergi, Lower crenulata, isosticha-Upper crenulata, and typicus conodont zones. Stratigraphic gap has been demonstrated at the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary, using the results of both conodont and miospore studies. The Tournaisian/ Viséan boundary has been established approximately on the first appearance of the miospore species Lycospora pusilla Somers.

PL

Przedstawiono szczegółową stratygrafię turneju i wizenu Pomorza Zachodniego w oparciu o konodonty, miospory i małżoraczki. Materiał do badań biostratygraficznych pochodził z 25 otworów wiertniczych. Zespoły miospor z badanych utworów zaliczono do dziewięciu wcześniej wyróżnionych jednostek biostratygraficznych (zon i podzon). Dla turneju wyróżniono trzy kolejne zespoły i dwa podzespoły małżoraczków bentonicznych. Zony/podzony miosporowe i zespoły/podzespoły małżoraczkowe skorelowano z turnejskimi zonami konodontowymi sandbergi, dolna crenulata, isosticha-górna crenulata i typicus. Obecność luki stratygraficznej na granicy dewon/karbon udokumentowano na podstawie konodontów i miospor. Granica turnej/wizen została ustalona jedynie w przybliżeniu, na podstawie pierwszego pojawienia się gatunku miosporowego Lycospora pusilla Somers.

19

Biogenic sediments of the Eemian Interglacial at Krzyżówki near Koło, central Poland

Szałamacha G., Skompski S.

Kwartalnik Geologiczny

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1999

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Vol. 43, Nr 1

99-106

EN

Biogenic sediments at Krzyżówki were subjected to lithologic, palynologic and palaeozoologic analyses which determined palaeoclimatic and palaeoecologic conditions during deposition. The climate was temperate and the water reservoir shallow and gradually overgrowing, being inhabited by molluscs, ostracods and fish.

PL

Osady interglacjalne w Krzyżówkach zostały odwiercone w związku z pracami geologiczne-kartograficznymi na arkuszu Koło Szczegółowej mapy geologicznej Polski w skali 1:50' 000 (G. Szałamacha, 1996). W profilu geologicznym zbadanego otworu wiertniczego Krzyżówki V bezpośrednio nad marglami kredowymi, których wiek określono mikropaleontotogicznie na kampan/mastrycht (R. Tarkowski, 1997), leżą osady czwartorzędu o miąższości 30 m, które zostały poddane badaniom litopetrograficznym (B. Szałamacha, 1996), palinologicznym (B. Noryśkiewicz, 1999) i paleozoologicznym (S. Skompski, 1997). W dolnej części osadów czwartorzędowych (głęb. 28,2-30,0 m) znajduje się brak skał skandynawskich, stanowiący pozostałość po osadach lodowcowych zlodowaceń środkowopolskich (i ewentualnie starszych). Nad brukiem (głęb. 25,6-28,2 m) występują piaski różnoziarniste z przewarstwieniami mułków, o cechach osadu fluwioperyglacjalnego. Roślinność najwyższej warstwy tej serii, w postaci mułków (głęb. 25,0-25,6 m), ma charakter późnoglacjalnych zbiorowisk tundry krzaczastej (B. Noryśkiewicz, 1999). Nad tą warstwą leży seria osadów interglacjalnych, w której można wyróżnić część dolną (głęb. 23,5-25,0 m) i górną (głęb. 20,6-22,5 m), rozdzielone bezwapienna warstwą piasków średnioziarnistych (głęb. 22,5-23,5 m) smugowanych substancją organiczną. Dolną część serii interglacjalnej wyrażonej gytią (głęb. 24,3-25,0 m) i torfem (głęb. 23,5-24,3 m) można zaliczyć do interglacjału eemskiego, co wynika zarówno z badań palinologicznych (B. Noryśkiewicz,1999), jak i faunistycznych (S. Skompski,1997), a co potwierdza przede wszystkim obecność ślimaka Belgrandia marginata Michaud (S. Skompski, 1983, 1991, 1996; S. W. Alexandrowicz, 1987). Górna część, w której spągu początkowo występują ziarna pyłku schyłkowej części interglacjału, zaś ku stropowi pojawiają się znów ziarna pyłku lasu liściastego, może .mieć interpretację dyskusyjną. Pyłek ten, być może, oznacza ocieplenie lub znajduje się na wtórnym złożu. Warunki paleoekologiczne w czasie powstawania gytii w dolnej części serii interglacjalnej, określone na podstawie mięczaków, małżoraczków i ryb, można krótko scharakteryzować w sposób następujący. Osady z fauną tworzyły się w płytkim zbiorniku wody stojącej, na co wskazuje większość znalezionych gatunków ślimaków i małżoraczków. O bogatej roślinności świadczą natomiast ryby (szczupak, wzdręga, płoć i leszcz) i gatunki ślimaków preferujące zbiorniki o charakterze bagiennym: Valvata cristata Miiller, Planorbis planorbis (Linnaeus) i Anisus contortus (Linnaeus), a o bliskości brzegu zbiornika informują lądowe gatunki ślimaków: Discus sp., Vallonia sp. i Perpolita sp. Nad serią organiczną w profilu Krzyżówki leży warstwa piasków średnioziarnistych (głęb. 17,0-20,6 m) o stosunkowo słabym obtoczeniu (R = 0,46), zaliczonych do osadów wodnolodowcowych. Wyżej znajduje się miąższa warstwa (głęb. 0,3-17,0 m) piasków różnoziarnistych ze żwirem o dobrym obtoczeniu (R = 0,18-0,12), co wskazuje na ich genezę rzeczną.