Motivated by applications, we consider new operator-theoretic approaches to conditional mean embedding (CME). Our present results combine a spectral analysis-based optimization scheme with the use of kernels, stochastic processes, and constructive learning algorithms. For initially given non-linear data, we consider optimization-based feature selections. This entails the use of convex sets of kernels in a construction of optimal feature selection via regression algorithms from learning models. Thus, with initial inputs of training data (for a suitable learning algorithm), each choice of a kernel K in turn yields a variety of Hilbert spaces and realizations of features. A novel aspect of our work is the inclusion of a secondary optimization process over a specified convex set of positive definite kernels, resulting in the determination of “optimal” feature representations.
The constant increase in energy demand and the need to reduce the carbon footprint on the environment has put countries in a race against time, looking for alternative resources or ways to supply this need. One of the main resources is solar radiation, which can be used to generate energy, initially on a small scale, but in recent years has been directed towards supplying large cities. The economic, political, and social investment must respond to planning and expansion criteria in order to generate feasible proposals. Through simulation of a real electrical system, the voltage instability was determined, which was corrected at software level by entering a photovoltaic solar plant, being this dimensioned from the PV curve obtained. Finally, the optimal location for the development of a solar photovoltaic plant among four possible scenarios was obtained through the application of an optimization algorithm. This approach was converted into an alternative applicable to different geographical locations.
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Artykuł dotyczy wykorzystania algorytmu optymalizacji rojem cząstek do rozwiązywania układów równań nieliniowych. Przeprowadzona została eksperymentalna analiza efektywności i skuteczności działania algorytmu w zależności od ustawień jego parametrów.
EN
The article concerns the use of a particle swarm optimization algorithm for solving nonlinear equation systems. An experimental analysis of the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorithm has been conducted, considering various settings of its parameters.
The paper deals with the implementation of research concerning the collection routes of a selected company and subsequent streamlining processes in the field of distribution logistics. Specifically, the paper is focused on the optimization of collection routes of textile waste for the customer, i.e., a contractual partner of the company under investigation. The objective of the paper is to analyse step by step the current state of logistics of supplying a specific warehouse, followed by the application of the centre of gravity method for proposing a warehouse relocation. Finally, the individual routes to collection points are optimized. In general, optimization is done for two basic reasons: profit maximization and logistics costs minimization, which ultimately has a positive impact on earnings. The outcome is to determine the optimal routes with respect to costs and traffic while considering complications that may occur in a given transport territory.
This study aims to improve an earlier safety analysis of port and maritime transportation systems in two cases. The first case does not consider outside impacts and the second case operates under the assumption that they are impacted by their operation processes. New and original suggestions on separate and joint system safety and operation cost optimization are also described and future research is also outlined. Probabilistic modeling methods are used as the research methods. The proposed research procedures enable the determination of the safety function and risk function for the port oil terminal critical infrastructure and the maritime ferry technical system in both examined cases, based on the strictly exact statistical data about their operation processes and on the improved approximate evaluations of their components safety parameters through expert opinion methods that originate directly from the users of these systems. Other proposed practically significant safety and resilience indicators are the mean lifetime up to the exceeding of a critical safety state, the moment when the risk function value exceeds the acceptable safety level, the intensity of ageing/degradation in both cases, the coefficient of operation process impact on system safety, and the coefficient of system resilience to operation process impact in the second case. As a result of this research, it is originally found that the proposed cost optimization procedures and the finding of the corresponding system safety indicators deliver an important possibility for the system total operation cost minimizing and keep fixed the corresponding conditional safety indicators during the operation. It was also established that the proposed system safety optimization procedures, and corresponding system operation total costs, deliver an important possibility for the system safety indicators maximization and keep fixed the corresponding system operation total costs during the operation.
Możliwości zastosowania sztucznej inteligencji w sektorze energetycznym są dziś szerokie. Ogromna ilość danych przechodzących przez ten sektor stwarza potrzebę wdrażania automatycznej, inteligentnej analizy oraz potencjał rozwoju tych technologii. Chcąc zapewnić bezpieczeństwo energetyczne rozumiane jako zapewnienie ciągłości dostaw energii i paliw, należy mieć pełną kontrolę nad ich dystrybucją i możliwymi zagrożeniami. Korzyści płynące z kontroli nad danymi, prognozowania kluczowych w tym sektorze wartości czy optymalizacji działań i operacji na sieci są nieocenione. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przegląd konkretnych obszarów energetyki, w których metody obliczeniowe i sztuczna inteligencja mają największy potencjał. Ponadto, wskazanie konkretnych metod, które sprawdzone w innych sektorach lub zbadane w nauce mają zastosowanie również tutaj.
EN
The possibilities for using artificial intelligence in the energy sector are vast today. The massive amount of data passing through this sector creates the need to implement automatic, intelligent analysis and the potential for developing these technologies. In order to ensure energy security, understood as ensuring the continuity of energy and fuel supplies, it is necessary to have complete control over their distribution and possible threats. The benefits of controlling data, forecasting critical values in this sector, or optimizing activities and operations on the network are invaluable. The purpose of this article is to review specific areas of the energy sector where computational methods and artificial intelligence have the most significant potential. In addition, specific methods that have been proven in other sectors or studied in science are indicated to apply here.
It is essential to check whether the surgical robot end effector is safe to use due to phenomena such as linear buckling and mechanical resonance. The aim of this research is to build an multi criteria optimization model based on such criteria as the first natural frequency, buckling factor and mass, with the assumption of the basic constraint in the form of a safety factor. The calculations are performed for a serial structure of surgical robot end effector with six degrees of freedom ended with a scalpel. The calculation model is obtained using the finite element method. The issue of multi-criteria optimization is solved based on the response surface method, Pareto fronts and the genetic algorithm. The results section illustrates deformations of a surgical robot end effector occurring during the resonance phenomenon and the buckling deformations for subsequent values of the buckling coefficients. The dependencies of the geometrical dimensions on the criteria are illustrated with the continuous functions of the response surface, i.e. metamodels. Pareto fronts are illustrated, based on which the genetic algorithm finds the optimal quantities of the vector function. The conducted analyzes provide a basis for selecting surgical robot end effector drive systems from the point of view of their generated inputs.
This article presents a Train on Railway Track simulation model and program developed by the authors. The model implements the module for multiple-criteria optimization with a set of proposed objective functions allowing reductions in train passing time, total costs, energy consumption, and adverse environmental impacts. The Train on Railway Track simulator has been developed to allow both the simulation itself and the ride optimization. The main achievement is the development of an algorithm that simulates the passage of a train over 500 km, the duration of which did not exceed two minutes. We present an analysis of the impact of model changes on the duration of the simulation and the accuracy of the results obtained. This allows the use of these achievements in simulations carried out for the railway, automotive, or aviation industries as well. Changes in the classical approach to optimization proposed by the authors made it possible to obtain results directly by solving classical systems of equations. The change in the approach to the optimization and system algorithm has reduced the operating time of the optimization system from thousands of simulations to a single simulation with an additional optimization process that takes several minutes to calculate. This article is a continuation of the description of the work performed, and basic information about the developed simulation model and software functionality is included in a separate publication [13].
The article presents the optimization of supply chain management in a foundry using computer simulation with the FlexSim program. The authors analyze collaboration with external entities in the production process, focusing on the settlement of raw materials, transportation services, and storage costs. Special attention is given to the production plans of subcontractors integrated into the operational production schedule. Utilizing the 3D FlexSim environment, they showcase a simulation model optimized for minimizing the costs of production, transportation, and storage of alloying elements essential for iron casting production. The case study illustrates the effective use of computer simulation in refining supply chain management within the context of the foundry production process.
The operation model of a complex system changing its functional structure and its instantaneous operation costs during the variable at time operation states and linear programming are proposed to optimize the system operation process in order to get the system total operation cost minimal. The optimization method allowing to find the optimal values of the transient probabilities of the complex system operation process at the particular operation state that minimize the system total operation cost mean value under the assumption that the system conditional operation costs mean values at the particular operation states are fixed or in the safety state subset not worse than the critical safety state are presented. The procedure of finding the optimal mean value of system total operation cost for the fixed operation time or in the safety state subset not worse than the critical safety state are applied to the port oil terminal operation cost minimization.
A problem of finding the optimal repair/replacement policy of a technical object is under investigation. Depending on the distribution of the time-to-repair and certain cost parameters, a decision is taken whether to repair a failed object or replace it immediately after it fails. If a repair is chosen and it is not completed within a certain period, it is interrupted and the object is replaced by a new one. The optimization task consists in formulating the conditions for choosing between immediate replacement and repair, and deriving the analytical equation for the maximum duration of a repair. The objective function is the expected cost of restoring the object to the operating condition. It is assumed that the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the time-to-repair is a rational function (a quotient of polynomials). The properties of such CDFs are analyzed and the solutions of several optimization tasks with different CDFs that are rational functions are presented. The issue of fitting the time-to-repair distribution to empirical data is also addressed.
Urban planning and urban design involve complex processes that require detailed information about the visual information of a place at various scales. Different graphic tools, such as game engines, are evolving to use urban representation fields. The concept of "level of detail" (LOD) has been used to categorize the level of detail in AEC applications such as BIM and GML for urban representation models. However, there is a need to distinguish between different LOD concepts commonly used in various fields, as these terms have different interpretations and implications. This article presents a novel approach to re-categorizing the level of detail concept in AEC applications, led by the traditional use of LOD and in parallel with urban planning scales. From an urbanist perspective, a four-stage LOD classification framework has been studied: LOD 1000 for urban and neighbourhood scales, LOD 2000 for the plaza and square scales, LOD 3000 for architectural and street scales, and LOD 4000 for protected and private areas.
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Przedstawiono symulację biosorpcji jonów miedzi na granulkach alginianowych dla ustalonych wartości temperatury procesu. Ze względu na koszty związane z etapem chłodzenia często wymagane jest prowadzenie procesów w temperaturze zbliżonej do temperatury otoczenia. Na podstawie zaproponowanego modelu matematycznego obliczono skuteczność procesu biosorpcji w wąskim zakresie temp. 20-25°C, często stosowanym w przemyśle. Uzyskane wyniki dowodzą dużej wrażliwości procesu biosorpcji na zmianę temperatury. Obliczone wartości efektywnego współczynnika dyfuzji Deᵀ mieszczą się w przedziale 0,55-0,67∙10⁻⁹ m²/s, a przedstawione wyniki potwierdzają możliwość łatwego prognozowania De za pomocą proponowanej metody.
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A math. model of the biosorption process of Cu ions by alginates was created. The biosorption efficiency was detd. using the values of the effective diffusion coeff. (De) depending on the temperature, pH of the Cu soln. (P) and alginate content in the granules (C). Formulas for calcg. P and C were developed for the biosorption process carried out at temp. in the range of 9.8-60.2°C. The results prove the sensitivity of the biosorption process to temp. changes. The calcns. enable easy prediction of the effective diffusion coeff. De of the biosorption process.
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Karbamazepina została zaadsorbowana na stałych nanocząstkach lipidowych w celu przygotowania skutecznej formulacji leku do leczenia padaczki. Mieszaninę karbamazepiny oraz monostearynianu glicerolu, Tweenu 60 i Poloxameru poddano sonifikacji w celu przygotowania preparatu karbamazepiny.
EN
Carbamazepine was adsorbed on solid lipid nanoparticles to prep. an efficient drug formulation for epilepsy treatment. A mixt. of carbamazepine-glycerol monostearate, Tween 60 and Poloxamer was sonificated for prepn. of the carbamazepine formulation.
Liczba jednoczesnych przepływów w sieciach nadal przekracza pojemność tablic przepływów. W celu zmniejszenia zajętości tablic przeanalizowano wybrane modele uczenia maszynowego, wytrenowane na replikowalnych, rzeczywistych modelach ruchu, aby klasyfikować przepływy już od pierwszego pakietu. Jak pokazano w tej pracy, możliwe jest zmniejszenie liczby wpisów w tablicach 30-50 krotnie, przy jednoczesnym zachowaniu 80% pokrycia ruchu.
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The number of simultaneous flows in networks still overwhelms the capacities of the flow tables. Selected machine learning models trained on the reproducible, real traffic models to classify flows since the first packet were analyzed in order to reduce the flow table occupancy. As it is shown in this paper it is possible to reduce the number of flow entries by a factor up to 30-50, still covering 80% of the traffic using out-of-the-box models.
Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) play a key role in the Internet ecosystem. The continued growth of demand for services delivered online, as well as the increasing bandwidth disparity between its core and the last mile, strengthen their importance. A popular research problem related to CDN is the problem of deploying caching nodes. In this article, we present practical models of interconnection between Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and CDNs. We also enhance, with those models, an existing optimization model that approaches the mentioned problem. While presented interconnection models have a significant impact on the cost structure of the nodes and their scope of connectivity, they are not yet present in the literature.
PL
Sieci dystrybucji treści CDN (ang. Content Delivery Networks) odgrywają kluczową rolę w ekosystemie Internetu. Wzrost zapotrzebowania na usługi dostarczane online i postępująca dysproporcja przepustowości między jego siecią szkieletową, a ostatnią milą wzmacniają ich znaczenie. Popularnym zagadnieniem badawczym związanym z CDN jest problem rozmieszczenia węzłów buforujących. W tym artykule prezentujemy praktyczne modele połączeń między operatorami telekomunikacyjnymi (ang. Internet Service Provider, ISP), a operatorami CDN. Prezentujemy również wzbogacenie o nie przykładowego modelu optymalizacyjnego podejmującego wspominany problem. Modele te mają istotny wpływ na strukturę kosztu węzłów i ich zdolność zaspokajania zapotrzebowania na treści, jednak nie są obecne w literaturze.
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Przedmiotem pracy jest analiza korzyści z wdrożenia inteligentnych systemów prowadzenia ruchu kolejowego w aspekcie uzyskania płynności jazdy pociągu i w konsekwencji na zmniejszeniu zużycia energii trakcyjnej pociągu. Analiza przeprowadzona jest w odniesieniu do stosowanych na kolejach europejskich rozwiązań technicznych, umożliwiających optymalizację ruchu pociągu. Jednym z czynników pozwalających na taką optymalizację jest takie kształtowanie profilu prędkości pociągu, aby czas jazdy pociągu do semafora wskazującego sygnał „Stój” był nie krótszy niż przewidywany czas do zmiany sygnału na zezwolenie na dalszą jazdę. W ramach tej analizy przeprowadzono symulacje ruchu w oparciu o model pociągu ETR610 typu ED250, dla różnych wariantów sterowania prędkością pociągu i dwóch wariantów odległości wstępnej do semafora. Rezultatem pracy są spostrzeżenia o możliwości wdrożenia inteligentnych systemów prowadzenia ruchu kolejowego, w tym porównanie możliwych oszczędności w zużyciu energii trakcyjnej.
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The subject of the work is an analysis of the benefits of implementing intelligent rail traffic control systems in terms of achieving smooth train travel and, consequently, reducing the train's traction energy consumption. The analysis is carried out in relation to the technical solutions used on European railways, enabling the optimization of train traffic. One of the factors allowing for such optimization is shaping the train speed profile in such a way that the train travel time to the semaphore indicating the "Stop" signal is not shorter than the expected time until the signal changes to permission to continue. As part of this analysis, traffic simulations were carried out based on the ETR610 train model of the ED250 type, for different variants of train speed control and two variants of the initial distance to the semaphore. The result of the work are observations on the possibility of implementing intelligent rail traffic management systems, including a comparison of possible savings in traction energy consumption.
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Constructing a high-performance photovoltaic (PV) system refers to extracting the characteristics of solar cell models. A population-based algorithm with a parameter-free design called Teaching and Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), inspired by the way teachers teach in the classroom, is proposed in this paper to identify the unknown electrical parameters of different solar cell models i.e., a single diode and a dual diode. The main objective is to extract the optimal parameters of PV system. To evaluate the proposed TLBO, we compared it to the fundamental genetic algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and other approaches in the literature. The results revealed a strong performance of the developed method. The results revealed the strong performance of the developed TLBO method and outperformed other optimization techniques with a high degree of accuracy in the objective function. In addition, the efficiency of the results is supported by the excellent agreement between the data of a commercial silicon R.T.C France solar cell and the simulated results under all circumstances.
PL
Konstrukcja wysokowydajnego systemu fotowoltaicznego (PV) odnosi się do wydobycia cech modeli ogniw słonecznych. W niniejszej pracy zaproponowano algorytm oparty na populacji z konstrukcją bez parametrów zwany Teaching and Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), zainspirowany sposobem nauczania przez nauczycieli w klasie, w celu identyfikacji nieznanych parametrów elektrycznych ró˙znych modeli ogniw słonecznych tj. pojedynczej diody i podwójnej diody. Głównym celem jest wydobycie optymalnych parametrów systemu PV. Aby ocenić proponowany TLBO, porównaliśmy go z podstawowym algorytmem genetycznym (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) i innymi podejściami w literaturze. Wyniki ujawniły silną wydajność opracowanej metody. Wyniki ujawniły silną wydajność opracowanej metody TLBO i przewyższają inne techniki optymalizacji z dużą dokładnością funkcji celu. Dodatkowo, skuteczność wyników jest poparta doskonałą zgodnością pomiędzy danymi komercyjnego krzemowego ogniwa słonecznego R.T.C France a wynikami symulacji we wszystkich okolicznościach.
The presented article familiarizes the reader with optimizing the workplaces of ultrasonic welding machines. The essential part of the article deals with prototypes, the construction of which does not meet the requirements for production, economy, and functionality. The experimental analysis runs pointed out shortcomings and inaccuracies. The developer's team used one of the well-known optimization and design methods to solve this issue. It is the TRIZ method (Creating and solving creative assignments). The mentioned method combines two powerful tools into one whole. Specifically, it is the Function and Cost Analysis (FNA) and the algorithm for solving creative assignments (ARIZ). The manuscript describes the use of the method for a more straightforward solution to problematic parts of the structure. The result of the optimization process is a new, improved structure whose properties were confirmed in terms of stiffness by simulation in the ANSYS Workbench program. The applications of optimized parts will also be used in other similar devices. The research will follow up with the design of a new series of ultrasonic welding machines in the future.
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In this paper, the optimization of the solenoid construction in free electron lasers (FEL), modern class of accelerators used for more deep investigations of materials structure has been reviewed. The solenoid is used for magnetic focusing of the electron beam, while the efficiency of this process is dependent on magnetic induction profile of solenoid. The process of beam focusing is usually implemented by using the magnetic yoke. In the present paper the application of the correctional coils for the purposes of the magnetic induction profiling has been analyzed. The physical principle of the magnetic method of the electron beam focusing has been discussed, as well.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest optymalizacji konstrukcji solenoidów w laserach na swobodnych elektronach (FEL), nowoczesnej klasie akceleratorów wykorzystywanych do precyzyjnych badań struktury materiałów. Ten solenoidalny elektromagnes służy do magnetycznego skupiania wiązki elektronów, a efektywność tego procesu zależy od profilu indukcji magnetycznej elektromagnesu. Często proces ogniskowania wiązki realizowany jest za pomocą jarzma magnetycznego. W artykule przeanalizowano zastosowanie cewek korekcyjnych do celów profilowania indukcji magnetycznej. Przedstawiono także fizyczną zasadę magnetycznej metody skupiania wiązki elektronów.
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