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1

Unrepeatability of the Fuel Injection and Combustion Processes in the Diesel Engine Fuelled with Renewable Fuel

Lotko Wincenty

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 14, no 4

68--77

EN

Despite the fact that more than a hundred years have passed since the first design of the compression ignition (CI) engine appeared, its optimal design has not yet been achieved. It is still the subject of constant modernisation in order to meet the new expectations of users in terms of its dynamics, economy, and, in recent months, also ecology. The most effective fulfillment of these requirements is achieved through new solutions of the fuel supply system and electronic control of injection and combustion processes. The publication includes the test results obtained on the basis of two engines. One of them is the single-cylinder CI engine AVL5402, and the other one – a threecylinder CI engine AD3.152. The first one is equipped with the Common Rail fuel supply system, electronically controlled with the selenoid injector. The second engine has a CAV distributor fuel injection pump and traditional, mechanical controlled injectors. The paper demonstrates how these two different structural systems for supplying and controlling engine parameters affect the selected indicators of the injection and combustion process. The influence of diesel fuel (DF) and rapeseed oil (RO) feeding the engine in both different injection and control systems on the unrepeatibility of the injection pressure on the maximum combustion pressures in the engine cylinder and, consequently, non-uniformity of the crankshaft rotational movement of the engine were also pointed out. The continuation of the research in this area seems to be expedient. They can be supplemented with statistical models of these phenomena. The results obtained in this way could be helpful in optimising the design of power supply systems and engine combustion chambers.

2

Existence and Ulam stability for nonlinear implicit differential equations with Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative

Benchohra Mouffak, Bouriah Soufyane, Nieto Juan J.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2019

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Vol. 52, nr 1

437--450

EN

In this paper, we establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of initial value problem for nonlinear implicit fractional differential equations with Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative, also, the stability of this class of problem. The arguments are based upon the Banach contraction principle and Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. An example is included to show the applicability of our results.

3

Existence and stability of impulsive coupled system of fractional integrodifferential equations

Zada Akbar, Waheed Hira, Alzabut Jehad, Wang Xiaoming

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2019

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Vol. 52, nr 1

296--335

EN

In this manuscript, we deal with a class and coupled system of implicit fractional differential equations, having some initial and impulsive conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are obtained by means of Banach’s contraction mapping principle and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem. Hyers–Ulam stability is investigated by using classical technique of nonlinear functional analysis. Finally, we provide illustrative examples to support our obtained results.

4

Non-repeatability of exhaust emission test results

Chłopek Z., Rostkowski J.

Combustion Engines

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2015

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R. 54, nr 4

92--100

EN

The investigations into non-repeatability of the properties of combustion engines are not yet sufficiently formalized. The paper formally proposes a measure of assessment of the non-repeatability of object properties. As an example of the assessment of the non-repeatability of engine properties, results of investigations performed on the Detroit Diesel Series 50 engine have been presented. Unit exhaust emissions were evaluated as well as unit fuel consumption in HDDTT and ETC dynamic tests.

PL

Badania niepowtarzalności właściwości silników spalinowych nie są dotychczas dostatecznie sformalizowane. W pracy zaproponowano formalnie miarę oceny niepowtarzalności właściwości obiektów. Jako przykład zastosowania oceny niepowtarzalności właściwości silników spalinowych przedstawiono wyniki badań silnika Detroit Diesel Series 50. Oceniano emisję jednostkową zanieczyszczeń oraz jednostkowe zużycie paliwa w testach dynamicznych HDDTT i ETC.

5

On some qualitative properties of mild solutions of nonlocal semilinear functional differential equations

Jain R. S., Dhakne M. B.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2014

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Vol. 47, nr 4

854--865

EN

In the present paper, we investigate the qualitative properties such as existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence on initial data of mild solutions of first and second order nonlocal semilinear functional differential equations with delay in Banach spaces. Our analysis is based on semigroup theory and modified version of Banach contraction theorem.

6

Badanie właściwości użytkowych silników spalinowych w stanach dynamicznych

Chłopek Z., Szczepański T.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska

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2013

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z. 1/92

47--55

PL

Praca dotyczy problemów związanych z analizą stanów pracy silnika tworzących proces dynamiczny. Wskazuje na dużą wagę tego zagadnienia i komentuje istniejący stan wiedzy oraz prowadzone badania w tym zakresie. Poruszane są trzy najpoważniejsze problemy, napotykane w praktyce: operatorowe zależności pomiędzy parametrami pracy silnika, wielowymiarowość przestrzeni istniejących zależności oraz duża niepowtarzalność wyników pomiarów. W dalszej części przedstawiane są metody postępowania, stanowiące propozycje rozwiązania powyższych trudności. Zależności operatorowe można przy pewnych założeniach zastąpić zależnościami funkcyjnymi. Analizę zależności w przestrzeni wielowymiarowej można zastąpić analizą w przestrzeni stanów. Z kolei niepowtarzalność wyników pomiarów można minimalizować na poziomie analizy wyników stosując przyporządkowanie stanów pracy silnika do rozmytych zbiorów stanów. Na podstawie przedstawionych metod omawiana jest możliwość kompleksowego spojrzenia na użytkowe właściwości silników spalinowych w stanach dynamicznych.

EN

The article regards some problems affect to analysis of engine transient work states which create dynamic process. It point on large importance of this problems and comment existing state of knowledge and conducted researches on this matter. It touch three central problems that we identify in practice: operator relations between parameters of engine work, multidimensional space of existing relations and big unrepeatability of measurement results. The next part of article shows methods which pose propositions of previous problems solutions. The operator relations are able to transform into functional relations when we put some assumptions. The relations analysis in multidimensional space we can replace by analysis in space of engine work states. There is also possibility to minimize the unrepeatability of measurement results in analysis results level using as-signing the engine work states into fuzzy sets of conditions. On the basis on this methods the article discussed possibility of full–scale view on combustion engine useful qualities in dynamic conditions.

7

Non linear differential polynomials sharing fixed points with finite weights

Banerjee A., Sahoo P.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2013

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Vol. 46, nr 1

51--62

EN

We employ the notion of weighted sharing to investigate the uniqueness of meromorphic functions when two nonlinear differential polynomials share fixed points. The results of the paper improve and generalize the recent results due to Xu–Lu–Yi [10].

8

Detal jako składnik tożsamości obiektu architektonicznego

Barełkowska K.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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2012

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R. 109, z. 5-A/2

12--16

PL

Artykuł prezentuje zbiór refleksji na temat współczesnych interpretacji detalu architektonicznego, szczególnie podkreślając znacznie detalu jako elementu składowego całości i jego wartość definiowaną poprzez relację do pozostałych składników dzieła architektonicznego. W odniesieniu do kształtowania tożsamości, detal stanowi ważny, ale mocno zależny od pozostałych składników, czynnik determinujący unikalność, oryginalność, czytelność i rozpoznawalność architektury.

EN

The article presents some thoughts on the contemporary reading of architectural detail, particularly stressing its role as a component of a whole and its value defined by the relations to other single parts joint within the constructed object. When shaping architectural identity, detail is important, but strongly influenced by other elements, it determines a uniqueness, originality, readability and recognition of architecture.