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1

Fabrication and Characterization of Fibrous Polycaprolactone Blended with Natural Green Tea Extracts Using Dual Solvent Systems

Mohd Rashid Ainatul Aqilah Binti, Jaganathan Saravana Kumar, Mohd Khudzari Ahmad Zahran, Ismail Ahmad Fauzi

Autex Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 4

404--410

EN

Nanofibrous dressings serve as an impeccable candidate in the management of wounds. Nanofibrous composites composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and green tea using dual solvent systems at different ratios were fabricated through electrospinning. Pure PCL electrospun fibers along with composites were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wettability, water uptake analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM indicated that fibrous morphology and the diameter of PCL/green tea were smaller for chloroform/ dimethylformamide (DMF) (601 nm) and acetone/DMF (896 nm) than the pure PCL (673 nm and 1,104 nm for chloroform/DMF and acetone/DMF, respectively). Wettability of the fabricated composites was increased, and pure PCL fibers were slightly more hydrophobic (100°) than PCL/green tea (94°). Water uptake of the composites was enhanced compared with PCL significantly in acetone/DMF. The PCL/green tea nanofibrous wound dressing with enhanced physicochemical properties serves as an indispensable candidate for wound healing applications.

2

Solution blow spun poly-L-lactic acid/ceramic fibrous composites for bone implant applications

Wojasiński Michał, Ciach Tomasz

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 42, nr 3

275-–289

EN

Every bone implant to work correctly after implantation needs to integrate with the surrounding bone. To enhance such a process, called osseointegration, various techniques of implant surface modification emerged. One of the approaches is based on the deposition of nano- and submicron materials on the implant surface. This paper presents a solution blow spinning process for producing poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)/ceramic fibrous composites designed to be deposited directly onto orthopaedic implants prior to implantation to increase osseointegration. We produced plain PLLA fibrous materials for comparison, and fibrous composite materials with 𝛽-tricalcium phosphate (𝛽TCP), hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles modified with lecithin (nHAp-LE). We performed the structural analysis of produced materials with scanning electron microscopy, gravimetric determination of porosity, and water contact angle measurement. We also used infrared spectroscopy, Alizarin Red S staining, and cytotoxicity evaluation to conclude that PLLA/nHAp-LE composite material shows the most promising properties to be applied as surface modification of bone implants. To visualise fibrous composite deposition on implants, we used two models: titanium plate and stainlesssteel bolt. Thus, we showed that the solution blow spun materials can be used for surface modification of orthopaedic implants.

3

Characterization of morphology and optical properties of SnO₂ nanowires prepared by electrospinning

Tański Tomasz, Smok Weronika, Matysiak Wiktor

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 5

art. no. e137507

EN

The growing interest in one-dimensional tin oxide-based nanomaterials boosts research on both high-quality nanomaterials as well as production methods. This is due to the fact that they present unique electrical and optical properties that enable their application in various (opto)electronic devices. Thus, the aim of the paper was to produce ceramic SnO₂ nanowires using electrospinning with the calcination method, and to investigate the influence of the calcination temperature on the morphology, structure and optical properties of the obtained material. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine the morphology and chemical structure of obtained nanomaterials. The optical properties of manufactured one-dimensional nanostructures were investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Moreover, based on the UV-Vis spectra, the energy band gap of the prepared nanowires was determined. The analysis of the morphology of the obtained nanowires showed that both the concentration of the precursor in the spinning solution and the calcination temperature have a significant impact on the diameter of the nanowires and, consequently, on their optical properties.

4

Electrostatic fabrication of polymer nanofibers

Czapka Tomasz, Kopaniarz Tomasz, Woś Angelika

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2020

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R. 96, nr 2

174--177

EN

Fabrication process of nanofibers from the liquid polymer solution using electrospinning is described in the paper. In the experiments, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were used as a polymeric material and a solvent, respectively. Additionally, the results of the measurements of diameters of obtained fibers, current-voltage characteristics of the process and calculation of resistivity of liquid polymer are presented.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono proces elektrostatycznego wytwarzania nanowłókien z roztworu ciekłego polimeru. W procesie elektroprzędzenia w roli polimeru i rozpuszczalnika użyto odpowiednio polifluorek winylidenu (PVDF) i dimetyloformamid (DMF). Dodatkowo badania obejmowały pomiary średnic otrzymanych włókien, charakterystyk prądowo-napięciowych procesu oraz wyznaczenie rezystywności ciekłego polimeru.

5

Elektroprzędzone nanowłókna polimerowe do zastosowań medycznych

Winkler Angelika, Maliszewska Irena, Czapka Tomasz

Polimery

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2020

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T. 65, nr 1

18--24

PL

Nanowłókna polimerowe wzbudzają obecnie ogromne zainteresowanie ze względu na ich potencjalne wykorzystanie w różnych procesach technologicznych, np. w produkcji tkanin lub wytwarzaniu membran. Włókna te wykazują wyjątkowe właściwości, takie jak: duży stosunek powierzchni do objętości oraz duża porowatość. Znanych jest kilka metod wytwarzania nanowłókien, jednak ze względu na prostotę, powtarzalność i niewielkie koszty, najpowszechniej stosowane jest przędzenie elektrostatyczne. Przedstawiono przegląd najnowszych osiągnięć w zakresie zastosowań nanowłókien polimerowych w medycynie, obejmujący zagadnienia materiałów opatrunkowych, uwalniania substancji aktywnych oraz inżynierii tkankowej.

EN

Polymer nanofibers are currently of great interest in terms of their potential use in various technological processes, e.g. in the manufacture of textiles or membranes. These fibers are characterized by extraordinary properties such as high surface to volume ratio and high porosity. There are several methods of manufacturing nanofibers, but for reasons of simplicity, repeatability and low cost, electrostatic spinning is the most common. The article presents a review of the latest developments in the application of polymer nanofibers in medicine, including such issues as bandage materials, release of active substances and tissue engineering.

6

The Effect of Electric Field on Nanofibers Preparation in Cylindrical-Electrode-Assisted Solution Blowing Spinning

Wenxing Zheng, Wenyu Zheng, Xinhou Wang

Autex Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 4

497--505

EN

Cylindrical-electrode-assisted solution blowing spinning (CSBS) is a novel nanofiber preparation method. The electric field of CSBS not only is one of the main innovations of this technology but also plays a key role in the preparation of nanofibers. In this article, the electric field of CSBS and the influences of electric field on the preparation of nanofibers were studied systematically for the first time by simulations, theoretical analyses, and experiments. This paper innovatively established the coaxial capacitor model for studying the CSBS electric field. The effects of electric field on the preparation and morphology of CSBS nanofibers were theoretically investigated by using this model. The theoretical formulas that can express the relationships between the various electric field variables were obtained. The electric field strength distribution, voltage distribution, and the relationships between the electric field parameters of CSBS were obtained by finite element simulations. The simulations’ results show that reducing the diameter of cylinder (DC) or increasing the voltage increase the electric field strength of the jet surface. Experimental results reveal that increasing voltage or reducing DC can reduce the diameter of nanofibers. The experimental and simulation results prove the correctness of the theoretical research conclusions. The theoretical and simulation conclusions of this paper lay a theoretical foundation for further study of CSBS electric field. The experimental conclusions can directly guide the controllable preparation of CSBS nanofibers.

7

Antibacterial Effect of Graphene and Graphene Oxide as a Potential Material for Fiber Finishes

Olborska Anna, Janas-Naze Anna, Kaczmarek Łukasz, Warga Tomasz, Che Halin Dewi Suriyani

Autex Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 4

506--516

EN

The dynamic development of the world economy entails an increasing exchange of goods and population. This means that we are globally struggling with increasing levels of nosocomial infections. The increasing use of antimicrobial agents triggers the microorganisms’ immune system, which in turn contributes to the increasing amount of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, making it necessary to control the development of unwanted microorganisms, including bacteria, especially those carried on the body and clothing. Currently, there is no unique method to combat the multiplication of microorganisms and eliminate threats to human health and life. For this reason, this article describes the possibilities of using graphene materials as a potential additive materials in fiber finishes as an antibacterial aspect in various areas of life. However, the literature does not explain the mechanisms behind the antibacterial properties of graphene, strongly limiting its textile application. The research is conducted using molecular dynamic simulations of interaction between graphene materials and murein. The obtained results suggest the electrostatic mechanism of blocking the growth and division of bacteria. Due to the physical interaction, bacterial cell becomes “trapped” without changing its growth parameters. This may lead to an increase of internal cell pressure, rupture of its wall and consequently its death.

8

Innovations in poly(vinyl alcohol) derived nanomaterials

Kausar A.

Advances in Materials Science

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2020

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Vol. 20, nr 3(65)

5--22

EN

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has been considered as an important commercial synthetic thermoplastic polymer. PVA is a low cost, reasonably processable, optically transmitting, heat stable, and mechanically robust plastic. PVA-based nanomaterials usually comprise of the nanocomposites (PVA/graphene, PVA/carbon nanotube, PVA/nanodiamond, PVA/metal nanoparticle) and nanofibers. The structural, optical, mechanical, and electrical properties of the PVA-based nanomaterials have been enhanced with nanofiller addition or nanostructuring. This review offers fundamentals and advanced aspects of poly(vinyl alcohol) and the derived nanomaterials. It highlights recent advances in PVA nanocomposites and nanofibers for potential applications. The PVA-based nanomaterials have been successfully employed in fuel cells, sensors, batteries, membranes, electronics, and drug delivery relevances. The challenges and opportunities to strengthen the research fields of PVA-based nanomaterials have also been presented.

9

Przegląd nanododatków stosowanych w warstwach asfaltowych nawierzchni drogowych

Jaczewski Mariusz

Drogownictwo

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2019

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nr 1

7--13

PL

Jednym z kierunków rozwoju technologii materiałowych jest nanotechnologia rozumiana jako dziedzina zajmująca się zastosowaniem nanododatków do wytwarzania nowych materiałów oraz ich wpływem na parametry modyfikowanych materiałów. W ostatnich latach nanotechnologia wkracza do technologii modyfikacji asfaltów stosowanych do wykonania nawierzchni drogowych. W artykule przedstawiono stosowane obecnie w budownictwie drogowym nanododatki oraz ich właściwości.

EN

One of the direction in the development of the material technology is nanotechnology, understood as using nanoadditives to create new materials and the impact of the additives on the properties of modified materials. In recent years nanotechnology is increasingly used in the modification of the bitumen used in the asphalt pavements. The article presents presently used nanoadditives and their properties.

10

Manufacturing process and characterization of electrospun PVP/ZnO NPs nanofibers

Matysiak W., Tański T., Zaborowska M.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 2

193--200

EN

Constantly developing nanotechnology provides the possibility of manufacturing nanostructured composites with a polymer matrix doped with ceramic nanoparticles, including ZnO. A specific feature of polymers, i.e. ceramic composite materials, is an amelioration in physical properties for polymer matrix and reinforcement. The aim of the paper was to produce thin fibrous composite mats, reinforced with ZnO nanoparticles and a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix obtained by means of the electrospinning process and then examining the influence of the strength of the reinforcement on the morphology and optical properties of the composite nanofibers. The morphology and structure of the fibrous mats was examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). UV –Vis spectroscopy allowed to examine the impact of zinc oxide on the optical properties of PVP/ZnO nanofibers and to investigate the width of the energy gap.

11

Analiza właściwości materiałów filtracyjnych z dodatkiem nanowłókien

Dziubak Tadeusz, Yendzheiovskyi Yurii

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2019

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Vol. 68, nr 1

111--129

PL

Przedstawiono właściwości nanowłókien, metody ich wytwarzania oraz obszary zastosowania. Zaprezentowano oraz przeanalizowano parametry charakteryzujące materiały filtracyjne z dodatkiem nanowłókien. Opracowano metodykę badań charakterystyki aerodynamicznej oraz charakterystyki: skuteczności, dokładności i oporu przepływu wkładów filtracyjnych z dodatkiem nanowłókien w zależności od współczynnika chłonności pyłu km. Przedstawiono charakterystyczne parametry filtracyjne materiałów z dodatkiem nanowłókien. Wykonano pięć wkładów różniących się materiałem filtracyjnym z dodatkiem nanowłókien oraz bez tej warstwy. Opracowano warunki badań oraz przygotowano stanowisko badawcze. Przeprowadzono badania charakterystyk aerodynamicznych wykonanych wkładów filtracyjnych oraz charakterystyk skuteczności i dokładności filtracji i oporów przepływu wkładu standardowego (celulozowego), a także z dodatkiem nanowłókien. Potwierdzono pozytywny wpływ warstwy nanowłókien na wzrost skuteczności i dokładności filtracji powietrza wlotowego do silnika. Dokonano oceny składu granulometrycznego pyłu w powietrzu za standardowym wkładem filtracyjnym i wkładem z dodatkiem nanowłókien.

EN

Nanofiber properties, methods of their production, and areas of their application have been presented. Parameters describing filtration materials with nanofibers addition were presented, and analyzed. Methodology for testing aerodynamic characteristics as well as characteristics of: efficiency, accuracy, and filter cartridges resistance with nanofibers addition, depending on the dust mass loading km were developed. Characteristic filtration parameters of the materials with nanofibers addition are presented. Five filtration inserts, differing in the filtration material with nanofibers addition, and without this layer were made. Test conditions were developed as well as a test stand was prepared. Aerodynamic characteristics tests of filter cartridges as well as filtration efficiency, accuracy, and flow resistance of standard (cellulose) cartridge, and the ones with nanofibers addition were performed. The positive effect of nanofiber layer on efficiency, and accuracy increase in the inlet engine air filtration was confirmed. Granulometric composition of air dust was assessed on a standard filter cartridge, and on a cartridge with nanofibers addition.

12

Analysis of the influence of electrospinning process parameters on the morphology of poly(lactic acid) fibres

Matysiak W., Kapica A, Tański T., Dubiel A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 96, nr 2

73--78

EN

Purpose: The article focuses on the production of polymer nanofibres from poly(lactic acid) using the electro-spinning method, i.e. the technique of forming fibres in an electrostatic field. The main aim of the publication was to analyse the influence of the distance between electrodes on the morphology of one-dimensional polymeric materials obtained. Design/methodology/approach: In the practical part of the study solutions of polylactide in acetone and a mixture of chloroform/dimethylformamide (DMF) were produced. After 72 hours of mixing, no homogeneous solutions were obtained, therefore a solution consisting of a polylactide dissolved in chloroform was prepared, to which dimethylformamide was added in order to dilute the mixture. The morphology of the nanostructures obtained was analysed by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an X-ray energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS), which allowed to analyse the chemical composition of the nanofibres produced. The electro-spinning method used to obtain fibres is characterized by high versatility - it gives the possibility to produce fibres from a wide range of polymers. Electro-spinning is also an economic method, and spinned fibres have a wide application potential. Findings: Nanofibres obtained by electro-spinning from the previously produced solution, regardless of the distance between the nozzle and the collector (10 or 20 cm) did not show any significant discrepancies in the values of measured diameters. Fibres obtained at increased distance between electrodes (20 cm) are characterized by a smaller average diameter value, but the difference is small, fluctuating between 48-49 nm. In the case of the sample formed during electro-spinning at the distance of the nozzle - collector equal to 10 cm and the sample produced at the distance doubled, no defects in the structure of the obtained nanofibres were observed. The analysis of topographic images of surfaces produced in the course of nanostructures' work did not show any significant influence of the distance between the nozzle and collector on the diameter of fibres. No defects in the structure of one-dimensional polymer materials obtained allowed to state that the distance between the nozzle and the collector in the range of 10-20 cm is the optimal parameter of the electro-spinning process allowing to obtain smooth, untangled fibres. Practical implications: The fibrous polymer mats obtained during the electro-spinning process of polylactide can be used as protective clothing materials, as drug delivery systems, as tissue scaffolding and as filtration membranes. Originality/value: At present, there are few articles in the literature on the electrospinning process, due to the fact that it is a constantly developing matte for the production of nanofibres. Moreover, most of the research focuses on fibres obtained from nonbiodegradable polymers, which do not have the advantages of fibres obtained from polylactide.

13

Al-Sn nanostructured coatings on aluminum surfaces using electrospark alloying and their wear behawior

Yurchenko E. V., Rushika I. D., Agafii V. I., Dikusar A. I.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 2, No 2

115--120

EN

At electrspark alloying (ESA) of aluminum surfaces using Al-Sn tool-electrode (TE), nanostructuring of manufactured surfaces take place owing to the formation of SnO2 nanofibers. Examining the tribological properties of these surfaces in a friction couple with a counterbody made of hardened steel showed that the wear of counterbody during the friction in the oil and at dry friction exceeds by an order of magnitude and above it the wear of such surfaces.

14

Electrospinning of PAN and composite PAN-GO nanofibres

Matysiak W., Tański T., Smok W.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 91, nr 1

18--26

EN

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present the influence of used reinforcement phase – graphene oxide (GO) and the electrospinning process parameters (the distance between the nozzle and collector) on the morphology and the structure of the obtained composite PAN-GO nanofibres. Design/methodology/approach: To produce pure polymer nanofibers, a 10% (wt.) electrospinning solution the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The spinning solution used for electrospinning PAN-GO composite fibres was made by dissolving the PAN in a mixture of GO and DMF. By changing the configuration of the distance between the nozzle and collector (10 and 20 cm) and maintaining the remaining parameters (solution flow rate and potential difference between the electrodes), four samples in the form of nanofibrous mats were made. In order to identify the structure and morphology of the reinforcing phase, X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. In addition, the structure of graphene oxide microparticles was investigated by a Raman spectrometer. In order to determine the influence of the distance between the nozzle and the collector used in the electrospinning process and the addition of the reinforcing phase to the morphology and structure of the obtained PAN polymer nanofibres and PAN-GO composite nanofibres, they were examined using SEM. The analysis of the chemical composition of PAN and PAN-GO fibres was carried out using X-ray microanalysis. Findings: The morphology and structure analysis indicated that polymer nanofibres PAN for both the distances between the nozzle and the collector show no structural defects and presented same diameter over the entire length of the fibre. Nanofibres with the addition of GO obtained at both distances between the electrodes, showed defects in the form of beads. In addition, it was observed that with increasing distance between the nozzle and collector the diameter of obtained nanofibres is smaller for both pure PAN and composite PAN-GO samples. Research limitations/implications: The paper is the basis for further research in the field of the use of PAN-GO composite nanofibres as water purification materials. Originality/value: The electrospinning method can be an alternative to conventional methods for the production of filtering membranes due to the ease of carrying out the process and the fact that a material with a high specific surface area is obtained.

15

Entropy generation and squeezing flow past a Riga plate with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux

Atlas M., Hussain S., Sagheer M.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2018

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Vol. 66, nr 3

291--300

EN

In this article, we investigate the convective heat transfer of the two-dimensional unsteady squeezing flow past a Riga plate. To examine the heat transfer, Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model is used. Influence of entropy generation on heat transfer has been investigated numerically. With the help of suitable similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The obtained system of non-linear ordinary differential equations subject to the convective boundary conditions is solved by the shooting method using the computational software MATLAB. To strengthen the reliability of the results obtained by the shooting method, the MATLAB built-in function bvp4c has been used. The graphs show the effect of different physical parameters for velocity, temperature, concentration and tables are presented to observe the behaviour of skin friction and sherwood number under the influence of certain physical parameters. It is observed that for increasing values of thermal relaxation parameter, the temperature profile increases and an opposite behaviour is shown for the concentration profile. Moreover, with an increase in the Brinkman number, the entropy generation increases.

16

Electrospinning – 100 Years of Investigations and Still Open Questions of Web Structure Estimination

Kleivaitė V., Milašius R.

Autex Research Journal

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2018

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Vol. 18, no. 4

398--404

EN

The article presents an overview of electrospinning process development from the first investigations in the field of behaviour of liquids in an electrostatic field to the electrospinning methods and investigations in the 21st century. The article presents the history of electrospinning process development, the main problems that are solved, and also indicates the gaps in the field of standardisation of nanofibrous web structure measurement and estimation. There are a lot of works in which authors analyse influences of various parameters on the electrospinning process or on the structure of electrospun web, whereas the majority of them do not analyse the quality of structure using mathematical criteria. Such a situation leads to different conclusions and makes it impossible to compare various works by different authors. Despite numerous studies in electrospinning, investigations in the electrospun nanofibrous web estimation are not sufficient. Until now, a unique standard method for measuring and estimating the fibre diameter and web porosity has not been developed. The necessity of such a method and standards is obvious, and the lack of such a standard could have a negative influence on the electrospun product introduction into the market.

17

The membrane with polylactide and hyaluronic fibers for skin substitute

Stodolak-Zych E., Rozmus K., Dzierzkowska E., Zych Ł., Kapacz-Kmita A., Gargas M., Kołaczkowska E., Cieniawska M., Książek A., Ścisłowska-Czarnecka A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

|

Vol. 20, no. 4

91--99

EN

Skin substitutes are heterogeneous group of scaffolds (natural or synthetic) and cells. We hypothesize that nanofibers with layer composition made of polylactide (PLA) and sodium hyaluronate (HA) obtained using electrospinning method are a good matrix for cell adhesion and proliferation. Methods: Optimal conditions of electrospinning of PLA and HA nanofibers to create layered compositions (PLA membrane covered with HA nonwovens) were determined by modifying parameters such as the appropriate amount of solvents, polymer concentration, mixing temperature and electrospinning process conditions. By changing the parameters, it was possible to control the diameter and properties of both polymer fibers. The spinning solution were characterized by surface tension and rheology. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the morphology and fiber diameters: PLA and HA. Structure of the PLA/HA nonwoven was analyzed using spectroscopy (FTIR/ATR). Biocompatibility of the nonwoven with fibroblasts (ECM producers) was assessed in the in vitro conditions. Results: The results showed that stable conditions for the formation of submicron PLA fibers were obtained using a 13% wt. solution of the polymer, dissolved in a 3:1 mixture of DCM:DMF at 45 °C. The hyaluronic fibers were prepared from a 12% wt. solution of the polymer dissolved in a 2:1 mixture of ammonia water and ethyl alcohol. All materials were biocompatible but to a different degree. Conclusions: The proposed laminate scaffold was characterized by a hydrophobic-hydrophilic domain surface with a maintained fiber size of both layers. The material positively underwent biocompatibility testing in contact with fibroblasts.

18

Fabrication of Electrical Conductivity and Reinforced Electrospun Silk Nanofibers with MWNTs

Zuo L., Zhang F., Gao B., Zuo B.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

|

2017

|

Vol. 25, no. 3 (123)

40--44

EN

Electrospinning is an effective technique for fabricating submicron to nanoscale fibers from synthetic polymer as well as natural proteins. In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were embedded via electrospinning by adding MWNTs into the spinning dope, and found to be well aligned along the fiber axis in the silk fibroin nanofibers. The morphology and microstructure of the electrospun nanofibers were characterised using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and TG-DTA were used to study the crystal structure of the silk/MWNTs composite nanofibres, carried out to alter the strength, toughness and electrical conductivity of silk nanofibers by adding a small amount of MWNTs. The electrospun random silk mats with 1% MWNTs had a Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength and strain of 107.46 ± 9.15MPa, 9.94 ± 1.2MPa and 9.25 ± 1.5%, respectively, and electrical conductivity increased to 1.2×10-4S/cm. The silk/MWNTs composite nanofibres could potentially be applied in nerve repair materials owing to their excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity.

PL

Za pomocą elektroprzędzenia wytworzono jedwabne nanowłókna z dodatkiem nanorurek węglowych. Zbadano wpływ nanorurek węglowych na morfologię, strukturę, właściwości mechaniczne i przewodność elektryczną j nanowłókien. Morfologię i mikrostrukturę otrzymanych nanowłókien scharakteryzowano za pomocą skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego (FESEM) i transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej (TEM). Wyniki badań rentgenowskich i cieplnych wykazały, że dodanie nanorurek nie wywierało istotnego wpływu na strukturę nanowłókien w porównaniu do niemodyfikowanych nanowłókien fibroinowych. Poprzez dodanie nanorurek uzyskano polepszenie właściwości mechanicznych, została również polepszona przewodność elektryczna nanowłókien. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników stwierdzono, że jedwabne nanowłókna z dodatkiem nanorurek węglowych mogą być stosowane w materiałach do naprawy nerwów dzięki ich doskonałym właściwościom mechanicznym i przewodności elektrycznej.

19

X Preparation and Characterization of Carbon-Based Composite Nanofibers for Supercapacitor

Gao D., Wang L., Wang C., Chang Y., Ma P.

Autex Research Journal

|

2017

|

Vol. 17, no. 2

129--134

EN

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Co(OAc)2/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent, and by carbonization and activation of the above precursor nanofibers, porous carbon composite nanofibers were successfully obtained. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, ASAP 2020, and Solartron 1470 were used to characterize the surface morphology, the phase composition, specific surface area, and electrochemical property of the nanofibers, respectively. The result showed that some of the fibers were broken after sintering, and the surface area and pore volume of the porous C/Cu/CNTs were 771 m2/g and 0.347 cm3/g, respectively. The specific capacitance of the composite nanofibers reached up to 210 F/g at the current density of 1.0 A/g. Its energy density and power density were 3.1 Wh/Kg and 2,337 W/Kg, respectively, at the current of 0.5 and 5 mA.

20

Morphological, chemical and structural characterization of silica-containing polyvinylpyrrolidone electrospun nanofibers prepared by sol-gel technique

Tański T., Matysiak W., Zaborowska M., Łukowiec D., Krzesiński M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2016

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Vol. 79, nr 1

5--12

EN

Purpose: The aim of this study was to produce poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) containing silica nanofibers using electrospinning method from 10% PVP/EtOH solutions with different mass concentration 0 and 30% of tetraethoxysilane. Sol-gel technique was used to obtain nanofiber membranes with high amount of inorganic phase. In the case when metal alkoxide, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is mixed with an organic polymer, hydrolysis and condensation reaction of TEOS occur in-situ with polymer matrix, which allows to fabricate organic-inorganic hybrid structures with uniform dispersion. Design/methodology/approach: The examination of the morphology of the obtained PVP/silicon dioxide nanofibers using scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been made. The chemical structure of produced nanostructures was investigated by Fourier - Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDX) to analyze the regular dispersion by examining types of bonds occurring between polymer matrix and SiO2 phase. Findings: Results obtained in this paper shows that the mass concentration of the reinforcing phase in form of TEOS have an influence on the average diameter of nanofibers and with the increase of tetraethyl orthosilicate in solution nanofibers diameters decrease. Moreover, structural examination shows uniform dispersion of the reinforcing phase in hybrid materials. Research limitations/implications: Uniform dispersion of the reinforcing phase in silica-containing PVP nanofibers gives the opportunity to make nanowires in calcination process from such obtained fibrous mats and use in novel electrical devices. Originality/value: This paper describes an easy and more effective way of making polymer nanofibers with the content of silicon dioxide with the perspective way of making silica nanowires in the future from obtained hybrid nanofibers, so that this method can replace commonly used nanowires growth processes.