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1

Intelligent Design of an Ultra-Thin Near-Ideal Multilayer Solar Selective Absorber Using Grey Wolf Optimization Linked to Deep Learning

Gliti Oussama, El Idrissi Mohamed Chafik, Igouzal Mohammed

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 2

70--87

EN

This study explored the development of an optimal effective solar absorber by leveraging recent advancements in artificial intelligence and nanotechnology. A predictive computational approach for designing a multilayer metal-dielectric thin film solar selective absorber, specifically the SiO2/Cr/SiO2/Cr/SiO2/Cu structure was proposed. The adopted approach integrates the transfer matrix method (TMM) as a predictive electromagnetic tool and combines it with the swarm-based heuristic algorithm grey wolf optimization (GWO) linked to machine learning algorithms, specifically the artificial neural network (ANN). Through dynamic modeling and rigorous testing against multiple static versions, the adopted approach demonstrates exceptional predictive performance with an value of 0.999. The results obtained using this novel GWO-ANN approach reveal near-perfect broadband absorption of 0.996534 and low emission of 0.194170594 for the designed thin film structure. These outcomes represent a significant advancement in photo-to-thermal conversion efficiency, particularly for a working temperature of 500 °C and a solar concentration of 100 suns, showcasing its potential for practical applications across various fields. Additionally, the designed structure meets the stringent thermal stability requirements necessary for current Concentrated solar power (CSP) projects. This emphasizes its suitability for integration into existing CSP systems and highlights its potential to contribute to advancements in solar energy technology.

2

Green Nanofertilizers – The Need for Modern Agriculture, Intelligent, and Environmentally-Friendly Approaches

Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman Mohammad, Singh Abhishek, Rajput Vishnu D., Varshney Ashi, Agrawal Shreni, Ghazaryan Karen, Minkina Tatiana, Al Zoubi Omar Mahmoud, Habeeb Talaat, Dionis Lysenko, Hasan Hanan Aref, Shawaqfeh Samar

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

1--21

EN

The distinctive qualities and wide array of possible applications of nanotechnology have garnered considerable attention. Nanotechnology offers a groundbreaking way for expanding agricultural output that is also ecologically benign, helpful to living things, and economically priced—all without losing quality. There is a growing trend towards using eco-friendly technologies as substitutes for conventional agricultural inputs, such as fertilizers and insecticides. With the aid of nanotechnology, the confines of conventional farming techniques can be overcome. As a result, it becomes essential for investigators to devote their energies to the noteworthy nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture investigations that have been distributed. It offered a fresh perspective on the development and application of nanoparticles as nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides in agriculture and a way to heighten bio-factor execution. Furthermore, we discuss the relations of NPs with plants, the perils and putrefaction of nanomaterials in plants, and the utility of NPs in the reduction of stress triggered by heavy metal toxicity and abiotic factors. It is imperative that nano-fertilizers are practiced to reduce the environmental maltreatment caused by conventional, inorganic fertilizers. Nano-fertilizers are more sensitive and have the ability to penetrate the epidermis, empowering them to promote nutrient consumption efficiency while reducing nutrient overabundance. A study found that NPs may cause oxidative stress symptoms in higher plants if they adhere to cell surfaces or organelles. Understanding the benefits and drawbacks of using nano-fertilizers instead of conventional fertilizers is valuable, and it is the purpose of this book chapter to provide this information.

3

Review of nanoantennas application

Kavankova Iva, Kovar Stanislav, Valouch Jan, Adamek Milan

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 1

13--17

EN

Currently, nanoantennas represent significant potential for the future, and the scientific community is putting a lot of effort into developing these devices. Many publications deal with different types such as plasmonic, dielectric, or hybrid, and structures of nanoantennas such as dipole, Yagi-Uda, and others; therefore, the idea arose to create an article summarizing the possibilities of using these devices in the last five years. The paper focuses on a brief description of currently investigated types of antennas, especially in the scientific field, and lists the most common applications of nanoantennas.

PL

Obecnie nanoanteny mają znaczny potencjał na przyszłość, a społeczność naukowa wkłada wiele wysiłku w rozwój tych urządzeń. Wiele publikacji dotyczy różnych typów, takich jak plazmoniczne, dielektryczne lub hybrydowe, oraz struktur nanoanten, takich jak dipol, Yagi-Uda i inne; zrodził się więc pomysł stworzenia artykułu podsumowującego możliwości wykorzystania tych urządzeń w ciągu ostatnich pięciu lat. W artykule skupiono się na zwięzłej charakterystyce obecnie badanych rodzajów anten, zwłaszcza w obszarze naukowym, oraz wymieniono najczęstsze zastosowania anten nanoanteny.

4

The Effect of Nanomaterial Type on Water Disinfection Using Data Mining

Hamdan Mohammad, Khalil Rana Haj, Abdelhafez Eman, Ajib Salman

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 4

244--251

EN

Multiple linear regression and artificial neural network (ANN) models were utilized in this study to assess the type influence of nanomaterials on polluted water disinfection. This was accomplished by estimating E. coli (E.C) and the total coliform (TC) concentrations in contaminated water while nanoparticles were added at various concentrations as input variables, together with water temperature, PH, and turbidity. To achieve this objective, two approaches were implemented: data mining with two types of artificial neural networks (MLP and RBF), and multiple linear regression models (MLR). The simulation was conducted using SPSS software. Data mining was revealed after the estimated findings were checked against the measured data. It was found that MLP was the most promising model in the prediction of the TC and E.C concentration, s followed by the RBF and MLR models, respectively.

5

Nowa era medycyny. Potencjał i innowacje nanonośników leku

Sala Katarzyna, Ziarkowska Maria, Ruta-Kowalczyk Dagmara, Galas Julia, Bańkosz Magdalena, Tyliszczak Bożena

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2023

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Vol. 44, nr 6

5--11

PL

Artykuł koncentruje się na rozwijającym się polu nanomedycyny i jej wpływie na nowoczesne leczenie. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie przeglądu najnowszych osiągnięć i potencjalnych zastosowań nanonośników lekowych w medycynie. Artykuł rozpoczyna się od wprowadzenia w podstawowe koncepcje nanotechnologii i jej zastosowania w dostarczaniu leków. Następnie omawiane są różne typy nanonośników, w tym liposomy, dendrymery, nanocząstki metaliczne i polimerowe, wraz z ich unikalnymi właściwościami i mechanizmami działania. Podkreślono również wyzwania i ograniczenia związane z rozwojem i wdrożeniem nanonośników lekowych, takie jak toksyczność, stabilność i specyficzność dostarczania. Podkreślono znaczenie nanonośników i ich potencjalną rolę w przełomowych terapiach i indywidualizowanym leczeniu. Celem tego przeglądu jest zwiększenie świadomości na temat obecnego stanu nanomedycyny.

EN

The article focuses on the growing field of nanomedicine and its impact on modern medical treatment. The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of recent developments and potential applications of drug nanocarriers in medicine. The article begins with an introduction to the basic concepts of nanotechnology and its applications in drug delivery. It then discusses various types of nanocarriers, including liposomes, dendrimers, metallic and polymeric nanoparticles, along with their unique properties and mechanisms of action. Challenges and limitations associated with the development and implementation of drug nanocarriers, such as toxicity, stability and specificity of delivery, were also highlighted. The importance of nanocarriers and their potential role in breakthrough therapies and individualized treatment is highlighted. The goal of this review is to raise awareness of the current state of nanomedicine.

6

A Review on Crop Responses to Nanofertilizers for Mitigation of Multiple Environmental Stresses

Singh Abhishek, Rajput Vishnu D., Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman Mohammad, Al Zoubi Omar Mahmoud, Habeeb Talaat, Rawat Sapna, Ghazaryan Karen, Minkina Tatiana

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 7

280--296

EN

Over the past years, alterations in the environment have had an adverse impact on the global agricultural system, leading to difficulties in plant growth, physiology, and productivity due to non-living factors. These difficulties pose a significant risk to both global food security and agricultural advancement, necessitating innovative methods for long-term sustainability. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising solution to address these difficulties by utilizing nanoscale products like nanofertilizers, nanofungicides, nanoherbicides, and nanopesticides. Nanoparticles provide distinct advantages in agriculture due to their small size, ability to easily penetrate cellular barriers, and efficient absorption by plants. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the application of nanoparticles can improve both the quantity and quality of crop yields, even when faced with various biological and environmental pressures. This research study primarily focuses on investigating the impact of non-living pressures on plants and examining how nanoparticles can help alleviate these effects. Additionally, it explores the molecular, metabolic, and anatomical adaptations that plants undergo to thrive in challenging environments. Nonetheless, it is essential to acknowledge that the widespread utilization of nanotechnology raises concerns regarding potential risks to the environment and human health.

7

Synthesis of metallic alloy particles on flat graphitic interfaces in arc discharge

Breus A., Abashin S., Serdiuk O., Sysoiev Iu.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 121, nr 2

49--59

EN

Purpose: The application of arc discharge to synthesising encapsulated (Fe-Cu-Al)@C structures is studied. The cost-effectiveness of the proposed technique may be beneficial for developing a new method for large-scale production of metal micro- and nanoparticles protected from oxidation by a carbon shell. Design/methodology/approach: A copper sample was immersed into a mixture of graphite, iron, and aluminium powder and placed into a negatively powered crucible of a setup designed to ignite arc discharge at atmospheric conditions. The proposed approach prevents the oxidation of droplets of Fe-Cu-Al alloy by covering them with a thin layer of carbon, which is also engaged as a collector of the metal particles. Findings: The application of arc discharge resulted in the generation of metal particles and various carbon nanostructures, which were confirmed by SEM images. The nanostructures were grouped into more complex flower-, ball-, tree-, and octopus-shaped structures with a large yield of metallic alloy particles ranging from a few μm (micrometers) to nanometre sizes. These findings suggest the catalytic application of the structures after the grown particles are cleared from the carbon shell to be implemented as active chemical agents. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is the uncontrolled heat transfer from the discharge volume. Therefore, an additional screen should be installed around the volume in order to improve control over synthesis in future studies. Practical implications: This research confirms a flexible and simple method of synthesising metallic alloy particles that may be applied for catalytic applications. Originality/value: The synthesis is conducted using a well-known arc discharge technique to expand the production yield and diversity of chemically-active metal particles protected from oxidation by a shell before the intended application.

8

Wykorzystanie nanotechnologii w dystrybucji energii elektrycznej

Wajda Józef

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2022

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R. 90, nr 2

12--16

PL

Ciągły wzrost zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną w skali globalnej wiąże się z coraz wyższymi kosztami jej produkcji, wymuszającymi wdrażanie nowych rozwiązań technicznych, mniej szkodliwych dla środowiska naturalnego. Dotychczasowe metody produkcji energii elektrycznej pozyskiwanej z paliw kopalnych, emitujące do atmosfery ogromne ilości spalin i zagrażające egzystencji milionów żywych istnień są zastępowane energią odnawialną: wiatru, wody i słońca (elektrownie wodne, wiatrowe, fotowoltaiczne). Duży problem stanowi dostarczenie energii do często odległych odbiorców, co w znacznym stopniu ułatwiają już wdrażane osiągnięcia nanotechnologiczne.

EN

The continuous increase in demand for electricity on a global scale is associated with ever higher production costs, forcing the implementation of new technical solutions that are less harmful to the natural environment. The existing methods of producing electricity obtained from fossil fuels, emitting a huge amount of exhaust gases into the atmosphere and threatening the existence of millions of living creatures, is replaced by renewable energy of wind, water and sun (hydro, wind, photovoltaic power plants). A big problem is the supply of energy to often distant recipients, which is largely facilitated by the already implemented nanotechnology achievements.

9

The extraordinary gravity of three atom 4π-components and 1,3-dienes to C20-nXn fullerenes; a new gate to the future of Nano technology

Siadati Seyyed Amir, Rezazadeh Solmaz

Scientiae Radices

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2022

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

46--68

EN

A quick glance to the adsorption, sensing, and energy storage abilities of C₂₀ fullerene and its derivatives indicate that this small carbon cluster may have extraordinary properties which would make it a key part of the future of Nano actuators and Nano machines. For example, in the case of the gravity of three atom 4π-components (TACs) to these carbon cages, it should be noted that; the rate constants (K)s of the reaction of C₂₀ fullerene with 1,3-butadiene (Diels-Alder (DA) process), and with 2-furan nitrile oxide ([3+2] cycloaddition (32CA process)) are 2.51(10¹¹) M^-1 s^-1, and 1.4(10⁷) M^-1s^-1, respectively. However, the rate constant of the 32CAreaction between norbornadiene and 3,4-dihydro isoquinoline-N-oxide is about 2.56(10) M^-1 s^-1 (both by DFT and by experimental results). This simple comparison could show the extraordinary gravity of some TACs and dienes to C₂₀ fullerenes.

10

Druga rewolucja w konstrukcji lamp rentgenowskich

Jezierski Grzegorz

Postępy Techniki Jądrowej

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2022

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z. 4

23--30

PL

W artykule przedstawiono najnowsze osiągnięcia w konstrukcji lamp rentgenowskich, które można określić drugą rewolucją. Mianowicie podstawowy problem jaki stwarzają dotychczasowe rozwiązania wynikające ze stosowania termicznego źródła elektronów (m.in. problem chłodzenia, sterowania pracą lampy) został rozwiązany poprzez wykorzystanie nanotechnologii do konstrukcji innowacyjnych źródeł elektronów w oparciu o emisję polową (nanorurki węglowe czy mikro-ostrza).

EN

The article presents the latest achievements in the design of X-ray tubes, which can be described as the second revolution. Namely, the basic problem posed by the current solutions resulting from the use of a thermal electron source (including the problem of cooling, tubes control) has been solved by using nanotechnology to construct innovative electron sources based on field emission (carbon nanotubes or micro-tips).

11

Production of pumice-containing nanofibers by electrospinning technique

Kılıçer Ali

Materials Science Poland

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2022

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Vol. 40, No. 2

206--213

EN

The scope of the study involves identifying the optimal means to effectively use the electrospinning technique to obtain pumice-containing nanofibers. Nanofiber containing pumice in a solution was electrospun to obtain smooth, cylindrical, bead-free, and ultrafine nanomaterials. The study also analyzed the molecular [Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)], thermal [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)], zeta potential, size, polydispersity index [dynamic light scattering (DLS)], and surface [scanning electron microscope (SEM)] parameters of the pumice-containing nanofibers having JP6 (applied voltage: 6 kV) and JP12 (12 kV) properties. While the distance (10 cm), flow rate (0.8 mL/h), and other parameters of the electrospinning process were fixed, two different voltages were applied to obtain the pumice-containing nanofiber. The average diameter of the nanoencapsulated pumice produced at 6 kV was defined as 98.6 nm in gelatin nanomats with 31.8 nm. The average diameter of the nanocapsule pumice produced under a 12 kV voltage was found to be 85.8 nm, and the average diameter of the nanomats (non–nanoencapsulated) was 35.2 nm. The average zeta potential values of the pumice-containing nanofiber were also determined in the nanosize range. The JP6 and JP12 PDI values were determined as 0.165 and 0.566, respectively. Peaks characteristic of pumices as defined in the literature were observed in the FTIR results, while DSC analysis results revealed strong endo- and exothermic peaks. As a result of this study, it has been proved that pumice can be reduced to nanosize with the electrospinning technique and it is nanoencapsulated in nanofiber. When the obtained pumice-containing nanofiber was examined, it was determined that the surface area of the nanofiber was large and resistant to thermal heat.

12

Wszechstronność zastosowania nanotechnologii w życiu codziennym

Kachel Magdalena

Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski

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2022

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nr 4

28--33

PL

Założenia zrównoważonego rozwoju oraz dyscypliny zielonej nanotechnologii to proces dążący do bezpieczeństwa, energooszczędności, redukcji odpadów i zmniejszenia emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Znaczna część nanomateriałów jest przyjazna dla środowiska, a w dziedzinie zielonej nanotechnologii poczyniono widoczne postępy. Nie opracowano do tej pory sposobu zrównoważenia środowiskowego zielonej nanotechnologii, a wszelkie niewiadome muszą zostać przebadane. Przyjmuje się, że nanotechnologia monitoruje wiodący proces kontroli we wszelkich gałęziach produkcji, w tym również rolnictwa, wpływając na poprawę jakości i bezpieczeństwa żywności, zmniejszenie nakładów rolniczych, wzbogacenie wchłaniania składników odżywczych w nanoskali przez rośliny, jak i mikroorganizmy. Rolą nanomateriałów stosowanych w rolnictwie jest więc zmniejszenie ilości rozprowadzanych chemikaliów, zminimalizowanie strat składników odżywczych podczas nawożenia oraz zabezpieczenie plonów przed szkodnikami. Zastosowanie odpowiednich procesów dokarmiania oraz ochrony roślin ma ogromny wpływ na jakość produkowanej żywności. Zastosowanie nanomateriałów/nanocząstek/nanokoloidów w uprawach polowych jest ciągłą niewiadomą zachęcającą naukowców do dalszych badań nad wpływem niniejszych związków na ich rozwój, otrzymywany plon, a w końcowym efekcie - jakość produktów roślinnych.

EN

The field of green nanotechnology pursues the premise of sustainable development in an effort to improve overall balances in terms of safety, energy efficiency, waste production, and greenhouse emissions. Most nanomaterials are environmentally friendly, and the advances made in green nanotechnology in recent years have been substantial. Nonetheless, work on ensuring the environmental sustainability of green nanotechnology is ongoing, with numerous unknowns still requiring scientific determination. It is generally accepted that nanotechnologies have the potential to impact virtually every branch of production, including agriculture, promising e.g. to improve the quality and safety of food, reduce agricultural expenditures, and facilitate better overall nutrient intake by plants and microorganisms. Consequently, agricultural nanomaterials can limit the need for chemical treatment, reduce nutrient losses during fertilization, and help protect plants against pests. The choice of appropriate fertilization and plant protection regimens greatly impacts the resulting quality of the food produced. The viability of many particular nanomaterials/nanoparticles/nanocolloids in field cultivations remains to be determined, which encourages scientists to continue experiments with a view of determining the exact impact of specific compounds on plant growth, yields, and overall quality of the resulting plant products.

13

The Ability of Rhizopus stolonifer MR11 to Biosynthesize Silver Nanoparticles in Response to Various Culture Media Components and Optimization of Process Parameters Required at Each Stage of Biosynthesis

Khleifat Khaled, Alqaraleh Moath, Al-limoun Muhamad, Alfarrayeh Ibrahim, Khatib Rasha, Qaralleh Haitham, Alsarayreh Ahmad, Al Qaisi Yaseen, Hajleh Maha Abu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 8

89--100

EN

One of the most important roles for nanotechnology concerns is the development of optimizable experimental protocols for nanomaterials synthesis. The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was supported by Rhizopus stolonifer MR11, which was isolated from olive oil mill soil samples. The ability of R. stolonifer MR11 to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles in response to various components of different culture media was tested. Furthermore, the conditions under which the reducing biomass filtrate was obtained, as well as the conditions of the bio-reduction reaction of AgNO3 into AgNPs, were investigated. The fungal biomass filtrate of the strain Rhizopus stolonifer MR11 was capable of converting silver nitrate into AgNPs, as evidenced by the color change of the fungal filtrates. UV-Vis spectrophotometer, TEM, Zeta potential, Zeta sizer, FT-IR, and XRD analyses were used to characterize the AgNPs. TEM analysis revealed that the silver nanoparticles were 1–35 nm in size. R. stolonifer MR11 produced the maximum AgNPs when grown for 18 hours at 36 °C in media with starch and yeast extract as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The reducing biomass filtrate was obtained by incubating 5 g mycelial biomass in deionized water with a pH of 6 for 48 hours at 30 °C. The optimal reduction conditions of the biosynthesis reaction were determined by adding 1.0 mM AgNO3 to a pH 5 buffered mycelial filtrate and incubating it for 72 hours at 33 °C. The current study’s findings highlighted the importance of process parameters at each stage for optimal AgNPs biosynthesis.

14

Performance Enhancement of a Photovoltaic Module by Passive Cooling Using Water-Based Aluminum Oxide Nano-Fluid

Hamdan Mohammad A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 4

276--283

EN

The performance of a PV (photovoltaic) module relies heavily on the operating temperature. The aim of the current study was to improve PV performance by passive cooling with nano-coated aluminum fins attached to the backside of the photovoltaic panels. Four identical PV panels were installed side by side for simultaneous measurements. The first one (B) is a basic PV that was used for comparison purposes, the second one (N) PV, which is coated with water-based Al2O3 nano-fluid, the third is finned PV (F), with fins being attached to its backside and the Al2O3 nano-fluid coated fins are attached to the backside of the fourth PV (FN). The hourly electrical generated power by each PV, I-V, and I_V curves for each PV were recorded and stored using I-V Checker. In addition, the backside temperature of each PV and the ambient temperature were measured on an hourly basis using K-type thermocouples; the measured temperature values were stored in a data logger. It was found that the (FN) PV gave the best performance compared to the base unit, with an increase in the generated power by 5.77%, followed by the nanocoated (N) PV with an increase of 2.14% and finally the finned (F) PV with an increase of 0.74%. Furthermore, the PV with the nano-coated fins exhibits the lower temperature 31°C, followed by the nano-coated PV, and finally the fined PV, with the backside average temperature of the basic unit being 39°C.

15

Enhancement of Solar Water Disinfection Using Nanocatalysts

Hamdan Mohammad, Al Louzi Razan, Al Aboushi Ahmad, Abdelhafez Eman

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 12

14--20

EN

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a simple and low-cost method of increasing water quality. However, it takes about 6 hours of exposure to solar radiation. The elimination of harmful pathogenic germs from drinking water can be accelerated using a combination of sun disinfection and nanotechnology. In this study, a hybrid water purification technique using solar water disinfection, Titanium Oxide (TiO2), and natural mineral clays was investigated. TiO2, natural kaolin clay nanoparticles, and a mixture of TiO2 and natural clay were added to contaminated wastewater containers at different concentrations. After that, the containers were exposed to sun light for different time intervals. Samples were then collected from all tests to measure the total counts of Total Coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) using the IDEXX system. The results showed that the addition of TiO2 and natural kaolin clay to wastewater with solar water disinfection reduced the total count of the pathogenic microorganisms and decreased the time needed time for the disinfection process compared to using solar energy alone. The results also showed that the optimum concentration of the TiO2, which yielded the shortest purification time and lowest levels of pathogenic microorganisms, was 0.006 g/ml. In co ntrast, the most effective concentratio n of natural clay was 0.0015 g/ml. Moreover, the results showed that the optimum concentration of the mixture of TiO2 and natural clay, which speeds up the purification time an d lowest the level of pathogen ic microorganisms was 0.006 g/ml for TiO2 and 1.2 g/ml for the natural clay.

16

Otrzymywanie, zastosowanie oraz modyfikacje nanocząstek magnetycznych

Okrzesik Mateusz, Piątek Artur, Drabczyk Anna

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 1

10--17

PL

Przedstawiono informacje na temat wytwarzania, modyfikacji oraz zastosowania nanocząstek magnetycznych (MnPS). Nanocząstki (nP) ze względu na duży stosunek objętości do powierzchni oraz małe wymiary wykazują odmienne właściwości w porównaniu z innymi materiałami o rozmiarach większych, np. mikrometrycznych. W pracy przedstawiono kilka metod wytwarzania MnPS, takich jak metoda współstrącania, metoda odwróconych miceli, metoda wykorzystująca ekstrakt z wodorostu Kappaphycus alvarezii czy metoda wykorzystująca bakterie magnetotaktyczne do produkcji nanocząstek magnetycznych. W rozdziale opisującym metody modyfikacji tychże struktur zawarto informacje na temat pokrywania nanocząstek kwasem oleinowym oraz o metodzie Langmuira i Blodgetta umożliwiającej formowanie filmów i nanocząstek na podłożach fazy stałej. Nanocząstki magnetyczne znajdują szerokie zastosowanie w nauce, ale szczególną rolę odgrywają w medycynie, gdzie dzięki unikalnym właściwościom magnetycznym możliwe jest ich wykorzystanie do kontrastowania w obrazowaniu za pomocą rezonansu magnetycznego, leczenia hipertermią magnetyczną, naprawy tkanek czy dostarczania leków w sposób kontrolowany do określonego miejsca w organizmie.

EN

The presented publication provides information on the fabrication, modification and application of magnetic nanoparticles. Nanoparticles, due to their large volume to surface area ratio and small size, exhibit different properties compared to other materials with larger sizes such as micrometers. In our work, we have presented several methods to produce magnetic nanoparticles (MnPS) such as co-precipitation method, inverted micelle method, method using Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed extract or method using magnetotactic bacteria to produce magnetic nanoparticles. In the chapter describing methods for modifying these structures, we include information on coating nanoparticles with oleic acid and on the Langmuir-Blodgett method for forming films and nanoparticles on solid phase substrates. Magnetic nanoparticles are widely used in science, however, they play a special role in medicine, where due to their unique magnetic properties it is possible to use them for contrast in magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic hyperthermia treatment, tissue repair or drug delivery in a controlled manner to a specific location in the body.

17

Technologie produkcji grafenu, potencjał wdrożeniowy a uwarunkowania rynkowe

Gradecka Aleksandra, Strzelecki Michał, Wojciechowski Karol

Cuprum : czasopismo naukowo-techniczne górnictwa rud

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2022

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nr 1-2

5--14

PL

W ostatnich latach dokonano wielu przełomowych odkryć w obszarze badań nad grafenem oraz metodach jego produkcji. Ten dwuwymiarowy materiał ma wiele unikalnych właściwości, budzących zainteresowanie ośrodków naukowych oraz koncernów przemysłowych, przekładające się na udział w badaniach nad rozwojem zastosowań tego materiału. Pomimo faktu, iż grafen ma cechy, mogące zrewolucjonizować dziedzinę materiałoznawstwa, technologia jego produkcji na skalę przemysłową nadal stanowi wyzwanie. W artykule przedstawiono informacje, dotyczące właściwości oraz metod produkcji grafenu. Zaprezentowano także przegląd możliwości jego zastosowań, potencjał wdrożeniowy oraz krótką analizę otoczenia rynkowego. Prace B+R prowadzone są w największych ośrodkach naukowych na świecie, w tym w Europie, USA oraz krajach azjatyckich. W pracy wskazano również na badania prowadzone w Polsce. Zauważono konieczność dalszego rozwoju ze względu na wciąż występujące problemy na poziomie masowej produkcji oraz optymalizacji kosztów.

EN

In recent years, many breakthroughs have been made in the field of graphene research and the methods of its production. This two-dimensional material has many unique properties arousing the interest of research centers and industrial concerns on the development and implementation of graphene. Despite the fact that graphene has features that could revolutionize the field of materials science, the technology of its industrial production is still challenging. The article collects information on the properties and methods of graphene production. Authors presented an overview of the possible graphene applications, implementation potential and short analysis of the market environment. R&D works are carried out in the largest research centers in the world, including Europe, USA and Asian countries. The article also indicates research conducted in Poland. The need for further development was noticed due to problems at the level of mass production and cost optimization.

18

Anodic growth of copper oxide nanostructures in glow discharge

Breus A., Abashin S., Lukashov I., Serdiuk I.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 114, nr 1

24--33

EN

Purpose: Application of plasma glow discharge to copper oxide nanostructure growth is studied. The simplicity of the proposed technique may be beneficial for the development of new plasma reactors for large-scale production of diverse metal oxide nanostructures. Design/methodology/approach: Copper sample was placed on anode of a setup designed to ignite plasma glow discharge. The proposed approach allows eliminating the negative effects of ion bombardment, like sputtering and generation of defects on a surface of the growing nanostructures, but preserves the advantages of thermal growth. The growth process was explained in terms of thermal processes interaction occurring on a surface of the anode with the glow discharge plasma. Findings: Plasma treatment resulted in generation of reach and diverse nanostructures that was confirmed by SEM images. Nanowire-like, flower-like, anemone-like nanostructures and nanodisks composed into the nanoassemblies are observed; the nanostructures are associated with microbabbles on CuO layer. These findings allow concluding about the possible implementation of the proposed method in industry. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is conditioned by the lack of heat supplied to the anode, and absence of independent control of the heat and ion fluxes; thus, the additional heater should be installed under the anode in order to expand the nomenclature of the nanospecies in the future studies. Practical implications: High-productivity plasma process in copper oxide nanostructures synthesis was confirmed in this research. It may be applied for field emitter and supercapacitor manufacturing. Originality/value: Oxide nanostructure synthesis is conducted by use of a simple and well-known glow discharge technique in order to expand the production yield and diversity of nanostructure obtained in the processes of thermal growth.

19

Możliwości wykorzystania nanotechnologii i nanomateriałów w procesach uzdatniania wody i oczyszczania ścieków, Cz. 3, Fotokataliza

Bodzek Michał, Konieczny Krystyna

Technologia Wody

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2021

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Nr 1 (75)

4--18

PL

Fotokataliza jest skuteczną metodą oczyszczania wody i ścieków, umożliwiającą degradację całego spektrum zanieczyszczeń organicznych i nieorganicznych oraz mikroorganizmów. Pomimo intensywnych badań nad innymi fotokatalizatorami (np. ZnO, ZnS, kompozyty półprzewodnikowo-grafenowe, MoS2, WO3 i Fe2O3), tlenek tytanu(IV) (TiO2) pozostaje najpopularniejszym fotokatalizatorem ze względu na swój niski koszt, nietoksyczność i wysoką zdolność utleniania. Co więcej, fotokatalizatory TiO2 można łatwo unieruchomić na różnych powierzchniach i zastosować do oczyszczanie wody i ścieków na dużą skalę. Obecny przegląd ma na celu zwrócenie uwagi na najnowsze osiągnięcia w zakresie fotokatalizy z głównym naciskiem na wykorzystanie nanokatalizatorów. Omówiono wykorzystanie nanofotokatalizy do degradacji takich substancji niebezpiecznych, jak związki endokrynnie czynne (pestycydy, farmaceutyki fenole i inne), barwniki, mikroorganizmy oraz metale ciężkie.

EN

Photocatalysis is an effective method for water and wastewater treatment allowing degradation of a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants and microorganisms. Despite recent research into other photo-catalysts (e.g. ZnO, ZnS, semiconductor-graphene composites, MoS2, WO3 and Fe2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2) remains the most popular photo-catalyst due to its low cost, non-toxicity and high oxidation capacity. Moreover, TiO2 photo-catalysts can be easily immobilised on various surfaces and used for large-scale in water and wastewater treatment. The present review aims to highlight the latest developments in photo-catalysis with the main focus on application of nano-catalysts. The use of photocatalysis for the degradation of hazardous substances such as endocrine active compounds (pesticides, phenols, pharmaceuticals and others), dyes, microorganisms and heavy metals is discussed.

20

Otrzymywanie nanomateriałów przez magnezotermiczną redukcję minerałów

Huczko Andrzej, Bystrzejewski Michał, Dąbrowska Agnieszka, Cyrański Michał, Dobrzycki Łukasz, Tiwari Santosh K., Fronczak Maciej, Pandey Manoj, Bogati Rabisharan, Kafle Bhim, Subedi Deepak Prasad

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2021

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T. 100, nr 3

250--256

PL

Naturalne tanie i szeroko dostępne surowce mineralne, takie jak krzemionka, kalcyt, magnezyt, syderyt czy dolomit, mogą być przetwarzane metodą redukcji magnezotermicznej w kierunku otrzymania nowych nanomateriałów. Minerały węglanowe zawierające węgiel w ilości do kilkunastu % mas., mogą być źródłem nanostruktur węglowych. Tego typu surowce wyjściowe poddano przeróbce chemicznej metodą syntezy spaleniowej w celu otrzymania nowych nanomateriałów, zawierających także krzem oraz trójwymiarowe struktury grafeno-pochodne. Przeprowadzono dodatkowe badania rozpoznawcze właściwości adsorpcyjnych otrzymanych produktów.

EN

SiO₂, Mg formate, dolomite and siderite were reduced with Mg at above 2000 K to produce C and Si nanoparticles. The products after purifin. showed an ordered structure with some defects and had a good capacity for adsorption of 4-chlorophenol from its aq. soln.