Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Experimental study on the dynamic tensile mechanical properties of marble under water and oil conditions

Li Chaoxin, Liu Dongyan, Zhu Yunhui

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 69, nr 3

317--330

EN

To investigate the dynamic tensile properties and energy dissipation characteristics of marble in three different conditions: dry, water-saturated, and oil-saturated, a Brazilian disk splitting test was conducted using a 50 mm diameter Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) device. The findings indicate that the peak strain and dynamic tensile strength of the three conditions increase with strain rate, exhibiting a clear strain rate effect. Additionally, lubricating effects of water and oil weaken internal shear sliding friction, thus promoting crack expansion. Furthermore, immersion of fluid in marble weakens the cementation of internal mineral particles, leading to lower tensile strength of marble saturated with water and oil compared to dry marble under dynamic impact. When analyzing the energy dissipation of marble, both the absorption energy and dissipation energy density increase with oil strain rate, indicating a positive correlation. Moreover, numerical results obtained from ANSYS/LS-DYNA correspond well with experimental data, thus verifying and interpreting the experimental outcomes.

2

Determination of physical and mechanical properties of limestones used as marble in Tut-Adiyaman Region in Turkey

Rizaoğlu Tamer, Çoşkun Canberk, Camuzcuoğlu Murat

Mining Machines

|

2022

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vol. 40, iss. 3

141--148

EN

This study aimed to reveal the petrography and physical-mechanical properties of limestones, which have an important reserve and are used as marble, in Tut district of Adıyaman province, which is one of the important cities of southeast Anatolia. As a result of petrographic analysis of the rock known commercially as Emprador, it was determined that it is bioclastic limestone with abundant nummulite fossils. Density, dry and saturated unit weight, water absorption, surface roughness, abrasion resistance and uniaxial compressive strength tests were applied to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the limestones. According to the test results obtained, the density of the limestones, dry unit weight, saturated unit weight, water absorption by weight, water absorption by volume, average surface roughness, ten points roughness average, maximum roughness value, Bohme abrasion resistance and uniaxial compressive strength values were determined as 2.486 gr/cm3, 2.478 gr/cm3, 2.52 gr/cm3, 1.482%, 3.644%, 3.31 μm, 16.24 μm, 20.03 μm, 8.958 cm3/50cm2 and 1004.03 kgf/cm2 respectively. The results show that the limestones in and around Tut (Adıyaman) county can be used in large areas for decorative purposes, with their physical and mechanical properties, as well as their colour tone and the texture formed as a result of the calcite veins being shaped like a natural pattern.

3

Study on the shear creep characteristics of anchored jointed rock masses under creep fatigue loading

Song Yang, Li Yong-Qi

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2022

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Vol. 60 nr 4

625--635

EN

To study creep characteristics of deep rock masses under low-frequency earthquakes and other loads, sandstone and marble samples were used to characterize soft rock and hard rock, respectively. Shear creep tests of anchored rock masses under fatigue loading were carried out by using the graded loading method. A new nonlinear rheological model was constructed to characterize mechanical properties of anchored rock masses under fatigue loading. Creep fatigue curves of soft rock and hard rock have clear creep characteristics including instantaneous, attenuation, steady-state and accelerated creep stages. This work provides new insights into the stability of rock masses.

4

The study of the characteristics of sand concrete based on marble waste sand

Bebhalilou Mohamed Ichem, Belachia Mouloud, Houari Hacene, Abdelouahed Assia

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2020

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Vol. 30, no. 1

130--144

EN

The present study aims to valorize the waste and in particular the waste from the Fil-fila quarry. The main reason for choosing the waste from this quarry was the need to reduce the impact on the environment (by reducing stockpiling) and the raw material cost (economic reason). This study therefore consists in recovering this type of waste (discarded powder subject to weather changes) as sand in partial replacement of dune sand in the formulation of sand concrete with percentages of 5, 10, 15 and 20 %, by studying the behavior of these concretes in the fresh state (workability, density and occluded air) and the properties in the hardened state (compressive and tensile strength by bending, absorption by immersion, shrinkage and weight loss, chemical effect of HCl and H2SO4 solutions), and subsequently comparing the results obtained with reference samples (0%) based on ordinary sand. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the substitution of ordinary (dune) sand with marble waste sand provides acceptable results from the point of view of workability, strength and durability. These observations are likely to widen the field of applications of these sand concretes based on marble waste.

5

Flexural characterization of polymer concrete comprising waste marble and date palm fibers

Rokbi Mansour, Rahmouni Zine El Abidine, Baali Brahim

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

|

2019

|

nr 22(2)

169--182

EN

Three-point bending. Abstract This work is an experimental approach for the development and characterization of a polymer concrete reinforced with natural fibers. The polymer concrete consists of sand (Quartz) and orthophthalic polyester used as a binder. Marble powder was used to ensure the continuity of the particle size of the granular mixture. As reinforcement, 2% of chopped date palm fibers (short, very short or mixed) were added. For comparison, identical polymer concrete flexure specimens reinforced with the same content of short E-glass fibers were also prepared and tested. All specimens were initially cured at room temperature and then post-cured for 6 h at 70°C. The results of three-point bending on smooth specimens with different rates of charges (marble), showed that the flexural and compressive strength were improved by adding 20% of marble, and were 31.80 MPa and 67.42 MPa respectively. The flexural strength of specimens showed that the improvement or the degradation of polymer concrete properties seemed to be attributed to the nature of fibers (treated or untreated), and/or to the fibers sizing (short, very short or mixed).

6

Marble from Neolithic quarries at the Bílý Kámen Hill near Sázava (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) and its petrographic-geochemical characterization

Přichystal Antonín, Burgert Pavel, Gadas Petr

Geological Quarterly

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2019

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Vol. 63, No. 4

811--821

EN

The longest known prehistoric quarries for non-siliceous (non-flint) rocks in continental Europe were discovered on the Bílý Kámen Hill in central Bohemia (Czech Republic) already in the period between the World Wars. Due to post-war events, this has been all but forgotten, and awareness of this important locality still exists only in the local research community. Its research potential has not yet been exhausted. The article presents the first exact mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the raw material extracted in these prehistoric quarries. The raw material is fundamentally different from some of the marble artefacts from nearby workshops. The aim of this research is to create a solid foundation for the future detailed study of prehistoric artefacts made from marble and to review the deep-rooted idea of their distribution within the oldest agricultural communities in Central Europe.

7

Mechanical response of notched marble beams under bending versus acoustic emissions and electric activity

Kourkoulis S. K., Pasiou E. D., Dakanali I., Stavrakas I., Triantis D.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

|

2018

|

Vol. 56 nr 2

523--547

EN

An experimental protocol, including the combined application of both innovative and traditional sensing techniques, is described aiming to explore the mechanical response of marble and also to check the possibilities of detecting precursor phenomena designating upcoming catastrophic fracture. The protocol consisted of three-point bending tests with notched prismatic beams made of Dionysos marble, the material extensively used for restoration of the Acropolis of Athens monuments. The sensing system improvised included techniques relying on completely different physical foundations, which permit simultaneous detection and recording of the Pressure Stimulated Currents, Acoustic Emissions, three dimensional displacement fields and Notch Mouth Opening Displacements. Analysis of the results revealed interesting features of the mechanical response of Dionysos marble and indicated, also, that classical Continuum Fracture Mechanics fails to describe accurately the response of marble, at least in the presence of notches. In addition, strong correlations between the Pressure Stimulated Currents, the rate of acoustic hits and the rate of change of the opening of the pre-existing notch have been enlightened. Moreover, the onset of catastrophic crack propagation appears following distinguishable changes of the Pressure Stimulated Currents recorded. Therefore (and taking into account the very small size of the respective sensors as well as the simple complementary equipment needed), it is concluded that the specific technique could be considered as a simple and reliable tool for an alternative approach to the in-situ Structural Health Monitoring of classical stone monuments.

8

Petrographic study of selected sculptural works of Jan Michałowicz from Urzędów

Ciosmak Małgorzata, Rzęsa Patrycja

Budownictwo i Architektura

|

2018

|

Vol. 17, nr 3

201--218

EN

Nowadays, in order to determine whether given rock properties make it useful for specifi c purposes, the material is examined using relevant test equipment. At the times of Jan Michałowicz, any knowledge in this respect was transmitted by the master to his apprentices, based on the master’s experience. The artist used domestic rock raw materials to sculpt monuments commemorating important persons who were his contemporaries. For the petrographic analysis, the authors selected the most distinguishable works of the artist, which he signed or which are most likely to have been sculpted by him. The authors analysed the materials used by the artist to carve specifi c elements of his works, as well as rock raw materials in terms of their historical and contemporary properties. Consequently, the petrographic study allowed to describe the rocks in greater detail, as well as their properties useful for sculpture purposes, and their durability. Artistic qualities helped determine the sources of stones used by Jan Michałowicz during his projects. These include the quarries near Pińczów (limestone), Kunów (sandstone), Bolechowice (marble), Żurawno (alabaster) and initially quarries in Hungary. The discussed works of Jan Michałowicz provide firm grounds for acknowledging the artist as the leading co-founder to Polish Renaissance art.

9

Technical issues of exploitation of marble used in the ancient times and nowadays in quarries of iscehisar in the massif of Afyon

Ruszkowski M.

Technical Issues

|

2016

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nr 4

83--88

EN

The purpose of this paper is to present the technical issues related to mining and quarrying of marble in Iscehisar quarris in Asia Minor

10

Reactivity of marble wastes for potential utilization in wet flue gas desulphurization

Altun N. E.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2016

|

Vol. 52, iss. 1

497--509

EN

Wastes of most marble types are distinguished with their superior CaCO3 content and potential to utilize them as an alternative to limestone. Control of SO2 using marble wastes in wet flue gas desulphurization (WFGD) units of coal fired thermal power plants is an important opportunity. In this study, nine types of marble wastes were evaluated in terms of their ability to dissolution (reactivity) in an acidic environment. The reactivity was expressed as fractional conversion with time with respect to the chemical composition and particle distribution of wastes as well as temperature and pH of solution. Dissolution reaction rate constants were also computed. Reactivity of the wastes varied significantly with chemical compositions of the marble types. The same marble type displayed different dissolution profiles as a function of test conditions (fineness, temperature, pH). Higher contents of CaCO3 and Fe2O3 positively influenced dissolution ability and rates, whereas increased MgCO3 content had adverse effects. The changes in particle size, temperature and pH influenced the reactivity. The reactivity increased with decreasing particle size. Also, higher temperature and increased acidity favored dissolution ability of the marble wastes. Our results showed that under optimized conditions marble wastes, having a higher content of CaCO3 and low content of MgCO3, are potential SO2 sorbent alternative.

11

Szansa dla marmuru z Rogóżki ?

Szwed-Lorenz J., Ślusarczyk S.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

|

2014

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R. 55, nr 6

29--33

PL

W artykule opisano historię eksploatacji i wykorzystania marmurów ze złoża Rogóżka leżącego w Kotlinie Kłodzkiej nieopodal Stronia Śląskiego. Scharakteryzowano jakość tych skał oraz obecny stan zagospodarowania obszaru złoża. Rozpatrzono możliwości i szanse jego ponownej eksploatacji lub innego sposobu zagospodarowania terenu nieczynnych wyrobisk dawnej kopalni.

EN

This article tells about history of exploitation and use of marble from Rogóżka deposit situated in Kłodzka Valley nearby Stronie Śląskie.Specified the quality of these rocks and the current state of development of the deposit area. Examined the possibilities and opportunities of re-operation or different way of development of old mine 's inactive working areas.

12

A comparative analysis of concrete strength using igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks (crushed granite, limestone and marble stone) as coarse aggregate

Tsado T. Y.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo

|

2013

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Z. 19 (169)

179--191

EN

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the effect of the physical properties of coarse aggregate (igneous rock - crushed granite stone; sedimentary rock - limestone and metamorphic rock - marble stone) on the compressive strength of Portland cement concrete and compare their characteristic strength. Tests such as sieve analysis, specific gravity, bulk density, void ratio, porosity, water absorption and aggregate impact value were carried out on aggregates to ascertain their physical properties as they affect the strength of concrete. The concrete strength comparison was confined to characteristic concrete strength of grade 20 and 30 N/mm² only. Two different mix proportions of 1:2:4 and 1:3:6, and water cement ratio of 0.5 and 0.6 for both mixes were used to cast concrete cubes which were hydrated for 7, 14, and 28-day periods respectively. The compressive strength tests conducted on the cast cubes was found to be within the stipulated value of concrete strength of 26.0 N/mm² for 28-day hydration period by British Standard specification. The 28-day concrete cubes cast with these aggregates shows that, at the low strength of 20 N/mm², igneous rock - crushed granite stone c concrete had the highest strength of 26.45 N/mm² followed by Sedimentary-limestone with 26.11 N/mm² and metamorphic rock - marble stone 26.03 N/mm² in that order, and also at the high strength of 30 N/mm², crushed granite concrete gave the highest strength to be 30.11 N/mm² followed by granite 29.78 N/mm² and limestone 29.53 N/mm² in that order.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę porównawczą wpływu właściwości fizycznych kruszywa grubego (skały magmowej - łamany granit, skały osadowej - wapienie i skały metamorficznej - marmur) na ściskanie betonu poprzez porównanie charakterystycznej wytrzymałości. Kruszywo grube poddano badaniom: uziarnienia, gęstości nasypowej, gęstości, porowatości, wskaźnika porowatości, absorpcji wody i współczynnika wpływu kruszywa w celu ustalenia właściwości fizycznych, jakie mają wpływ na wytrzymałość betonu. Porównanie wytrzymałości betonu ograniczono do charakterystycznej wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu o wartości 20 i 30 N/mm². Do wykonania sześciennych kostek betonowych zastosowano dwie różne proporcje mieszanki 1:2:4 i 1:3:6 i dwie wartości stosunku cementowo-wodnego 0,5 i 0,6, które dojrzewały odpowiednio przez 7, 14 i 28 dni. Testy wytrzymałości na ściskanie przeprowadzone na kostkach sześciennych wykazały, że przewidywana wytrzymałość betonu dla próbek 28-dniowych wynosi 26,0 N/mm², opierając się na normie brytyjskiej. Badania 28-dniowych betonowych kostek, w których zastosowano analizowane kruszywa grube wykazały, że dla wytrzymałości 20 N/mm²: beton z granitem miał największą wytrzymałość - 26,45 N/mm², beton z wapieniem 26,11 N/mm² i z marmurem - 26,03 N/mm². Dla wytrzymałości 30 N/mm² również beton z granitem miał największą wytrzymałość: 30,11 N/mm², następnie z granitem 29.78 N/mm² i wapieniem 29,53 N/mm².

13

Eksploatacja podziemna kamieni blocznych - podstawowe aspekty geologiczne i górnicze

Galos K., Guzik K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN

|

2013

|

nr 84

25--36

PL

Podziemna eksploatacja kamieni blocznych jest rozpowszechniona w wielu krajach europejskich, a także w Ameryce Północnej. Jej popularność będzie jednak niewątpliwie rosnąć, przede wszystkim w związku z uwarunkowaniami środowiskowymi i kwestią dostępności terenu. Metoda ta zapewnia często długoletnią działalność górniczą, umożliwiając eksploatację tylko wybranych partii masywu skalnego, bez konieczności usuwania nadmiernego nadkładu, przy zredukowanym do minimum wpływie na powierzchnię terenu oraz niższych kosztach rekultywacji w porównaniu do eksploatacji odkrywkowej. Eksploatacja podziemna w chwili obecnej dotyczy niemal wyłącznie skał osadowych (głównie wapienie) oraz niektórych metamorficznych (np. marmury). Najbardziej znane przykłady podziemnej eksploatacji kamieni budowlanych występują we Włoszech, a także w Wielkiej Brytanii, Portugalii i kilku innych krajach Europy południowej. Najczęstszą przyczyną uruchamiania eksploatacji podziemnej skał blocznych jest występowanie zapotrzebowania na materiały kamienne, których wydobycie metodą odkrywkową jest utrudnione bądź niemożliwe. Istotnym aspektem eksploatacji podziemnej musi być gwarantowana długoterminowa stabilność geomechaniczna pustek poeksploatacyjnych. Warunki geostrukturalne (tektonika, litologia) determinują zarówno plan wyrobisk podziemnych, jak też metody pozyskiwania bloków w przodkach eksploatacyjnych. Najczęstszym stosowanym systemem eksploatacji podziemnej jest system komorowo-filarowy. Istotna jest także możliwość prowadzenia eksploatacji wybranych części złóż, charakteryzujących się najkorzystniejszymi parametrami jakościowymi. Za podjęciem podziemnej eksploatacji przemawia również stwierdzany wielokrotnie wzrost możliwości pozyskania bloków w głębiej położonych partiach złóż. Powoduje to, że uzysk bloków w kopalniach podziemnych jest rzadko mniejszy niż 60%. W Polsce podziemna eksploatacja krajowych skał blocznych nie była dotychczas prowadzona. Najbardziej interesujące perspektywy rozwoju eksploatacji metodą podziemną mogą dotyczyć m.in. marmurów, serpentynitów i sjenitów na Dolnym Śląsku oraz wapieni (marmurów technicznych) w rejonie Krakowa i Kielc.

EN

Underground extraction of dimension stone is widespread in many European countries and in North America. Its popularity will undoubtedly grow, mainly due to environmental considerations and the accessibility of deposits for extraction. This method commonly results in long-term mining operations, allowing for the extraction of only selected parts of the rock mass without the necessity of overburden removal, reduced impact on the surface environment, and lower costs of reclamation as compared to open pit mining. Currently, underground mining is almost entirely associated with sedimentary rocks (mainly limestone) and some metamorphic rocks (e.g. marble). The best-known examples of underground exploitation of building stones are found in Italy, the UK, Portugal, and several other countries in southern Europe. The most common reason for initiating underground dimension stone mining is demand for certain stone materials which cannot be obtained from opencast mining. An important aspect of such operations is guaranteed long-term geomechanical stability of post-mining voids. Geostructural conditions (tectonics, lithology) determine both the plan of underground workings, as well as the method of blocks at the mining faces. The room-and-pillar system is the most common operating system of extraction. It is important to have the opportunity for selective mining of the parts of a deposit showing the best quality parameters, which allows for higher yield of the blocks (rarely less than 60%). In Poland, the underground extraction of dimension stone has not yet been conducted. The most interesting prospects for the development of an underground operation method may include — among other materials — marble, serpentinite, and syenite in Lower Silesia and limestone (technical marble) in the area of Cracow and Kielce.

14

Waloryzowanie kopalin skalnych. Cz. 2, Materiał bloczny : skały metarmorficzne i osadowe

Pietrzyk-Sokulska E.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2011

|

nr 2

38-42

15

Wybrane, nowe propozycje atrakcji geoturystycznych z Dolnego Śląska

Lorenc M. W., Mazurek S.

Geoturystyka

|

2010

|

nr 3-4

3-18

PL

Dolny Śląsk jest najbogatszym w Polsce regionem pod względem różnorodności skał, wykorzystywanych jako material budowlany i dekoracyjny. Są to skały zarówno magmowe, jak też osadowe i metamorficzne, które eksploatowane są w rozlicznych kamieniołomach. Tego typu czynne wyrobiska górnicze nie są dostępne do zwiedzania, a tym samym widoczne w nich częstokroć ważne dydaktyczne, unikalne lub nawet tylko ciekawe geologicznie miejsca, pozostają nieznane i edukacyjnie niewykorzystywane. Równocześnie istnieje dużo kamieniołomów już nieeksploatowanych, które porośnięte gęstą roślinnością lub położone z dala od tras turystycznych pozostają również nieznane. Wśród nich wiele jest kamieniołomów historycznych zarówno pod względem czasu rozpoczęcia w nich prac górniczych, jak też faktu, że wydobyto w nich surowiec do wykonania jakiegoś znaczącego elementu architektonicznego lub dzieła sztuki. W artykule opisano miejsca aktualnej eksploatacji podstawowych surowców skalnych, przedstawiając jednocześnie przykładowe obiekty architektoniczne na terenie Wrocławia. Alternatywnie wskazano wyrobiska nieczynne, mogące stanowić atrakcję turystyczną, a przy odpowiednim zagospodarowaniu oraz przedstawionej na miejscu informacji także atrakcję geoturystyczną.

EN

The Lower Silesia is the region of the largest diversity of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks used for construction and decoration. These rocks are extracted in numerous quarries, which are generally inaccessiblefor tourists. Hence, the educationally important, unique or just interesting sites remain unknown and cannot be included into the educational activity. However, there is a great number of abandoned quarries, which have been densly vegetated since the closure and which were rather distant from popular tourist trails. Among them are many sites of significant historical value due to the age of exploitation or particular stones then used for construction of important historical monuments or for carving the stonework or sculpture masterpieces. The following paper presents the currently operating quarries with the reference to modern buildings in Wroclaw, in which specific stones were used. Moreover, the abandoned quarries were described, which may become tourist and geotourist attractions if properly developed and provided with relevant information.

16

The effect of a support material on the nitrification rate in biofilm reactors

Kowalski E., Mazierski J., Suschka J.

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 36, nr 2

45-61

EN

The nitrification process in a Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor (PBBR) was investigated. The inert and carbonaceous materials were tested as the support materials. The results proved the feasibility of nitrification at pH value below 5.0. On the inert support material the bicarbonates and ammonia concentrations decreased simultaneously, but when the bicarbonates present in the bulk liquid were exhausted, the nitrification ceased. For the alkaline support media, the alkalinity in bulk liquid decreased to almost zero, but the carbonaceous support materials (marble, dolomite and Dofiltr™) react with the protons and buffer the system inside biofilm. If the marble or other carbonaceous support materials are used, the packed bed material due to dissolution controls the pH inside the fixed biofilm. In reactors, the mean residence time and the Peclet number were measured. On the basis of two models (dispersion model and reactors in series model) the nitrification constant rates in reactors were estimated.

17

Wybrane przykłady kamienia naturalnego z Włoch i Niemiec zastosowane w obiektach architektonicznych Krakowa - krótka wycieczka geologiczna

Górny Z.

Geoturystyka

|

2009

|

nr 1-2

61-70

PL

Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaproponowanie wycieczki po wybranych krakowskich obiektach, w których zastosowano kamień naturalny pochodzący z Włoch i Niemiec. Autor pragnie przede wszystkim zapoznać turystę z głównymi rodzajami zastosowanych skał, nazwami handlowymi, miejscem pozyskania surowca, wiekiem i ich walorami dekoracyjnymi. Dodatkowo autor prześledził z jakich regionów Włoch i Niemiec najczęściej importowany jest do Polski kamień naturalny. Do najbardziej znanych włoskich kamieni dekoracyjnych należą marmury karraryjskie i wapienie "ammonitico rosso", eksploatowane odpowiednio w okolicach Carrary i Werony. Na uwagę zasługują również: porfiry okolic Trydentu, wapienie z Brescii, trawertyny z Tivoli oraz kamieniołomy granitów i wapieni trawertynowych z Sardynii. W Niemczech duże złoża wapieni górnej jury zlokalizowane są w północnej Bawarii (Frankonia).

EN

The aim of the following paper is to propose a trip to selected sites in Kraków where decorative stones imported from Italy and Germany were used. The main types of stones are presented together with their commercial names, quarries, age and decorative values. Additionally, the author identified the regions in Italy and Germany from which stones were supplied. The most popular Italian decorative stones are the Carrara marbles quarried in the vicinity of Carrara and the "Ammonitico rosso" limestones extracted in the neighbourhood of Verona. Interesting are also porphyries from Trident, limestones from Brescia, travertines from Tivoli and granites and travertines quarried in Sardynia. In Germany large deposits of Upper Jurassic limestones are located in northern Bavaria (Franconia).

18

Walory dekoracyjne kamieni budowlanych w świetle badań ankietowych

Badera J., Szymczyk M.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

|

2008

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R. 49/2, nr 2-3

72-76

PL

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań ilościowych (przeprowadzonych metodą wywiadu ankietowego) na temat preferencji potencjalnych użytkowników odnośnie dekoracyjności kamienia budowlanego. Udowodniono tezę, że walory dekoracyjne kamienia nie mają charakteru całkowicie uniwersalnego i zależą w pewnym stopniu od przewidywanego kierunku wykorzystania surowca. Pomimo tego, większym zainteresowaniem cieszą się na ogół skały jasne, skryto- i drobnoziarniste, o bezładnej teksturze. W oparciu o dotychczasowe próby waloryzacji kamienia zasugerowano możliwości i kierunki dalszych badań w tym zakresie.

EN

The paper presents results of the quantitative research (using a questionnaire survey) on preferences of potential users concerning the decorativeness of natural building stones. The thesis has been proved that decorative qualities have not absolute character entirely and they depend to some degree on an anticipated utilization of raw material. Despite that, light, hidden- or fine-grained stones with chaotic texture are more popular generally. Based on previous achievements in the valorization of natural stones another possibilities and trends of further research in this scope were suggested.

19

Budowanie z najszlachetniejszego kamienia

Grundkowski J.

Warstwy, Dachy i Ściany

|

2007

|

nr 2

62-63

20

Nowe metody badań fasad wykonanych z krajowych marmurów i wapieni

Góralczyk S., Stankiewicz J.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Górnictwa Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

|

2006

|

Vol. 115, nr 46

63-72

PL

Stosowane obecnie metody badań płyt przeznaczonych na zewnętrzne okładziny ścienne obejmują głównie badania wytrzymałościowe, w tym wytrzymałość na zginanie, ściskanie oraz odporności na warunki atmosferyczne w tym m.in. nasiąkliwości i mrozoodporności. Metody badań zawarte w normach nie uwzględniają wpływu złożonych warunków atmosferycznych, które oddziałują głównie na wyroby z marmurów i wapieni, czego efektem są odkształcenia i w konsekwencji niszczenia okładzin ściennych. W artykule przedstawiono projekt metody badań laboratoryjnych, które w stosunkowo krótkim czasie pozwalają określić podatność danego surowca na złożone działanie warunków zewnętrznych, a tym samym zakwalifikować wyrób jako przydatny do zastosowania na zewnętrzne okładziny. Wyniki badań dotyczą najczęściej stosowanych polskich marmurów i wapieni.

EN

In article new test method of marble and limestone slabs to use for external cladding are given. An opinion about influence of different temperature and high humidity for bowing of slabs cladding in building facades is mainly an object.