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Substancje i preparaty chemiczne wykorzystywane do inaktywacji fosforu w ekosystemach jeziornych

Gałczyńska M., Buśko M.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2018

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T. 97, nr 1

140--143

PL

Wyjaśniono pojęcie eutrofizacji wód powierzchniowych, a w szczególności zwrócono uwagę na negatywne skutki tego zjawiska dla ekosystemów jeziornych. Omówiono metodę inaktywacji fosforu uznawaną za jedną z najefektywniejszych metod rekultywacji jezior. Na podstawie pierwiastka wiążącego związki fosforu (wapń, żelazo, glin i lantan) podzielono i scharakteryzowano substancje i preparaty chemiczne, w tym koagulanty, wykorzystywane w tej metodzie. Podano warunki ich stosowania oraz określono wady i zalety chemicznej rekultywacji jezior. Na przykładach z całego świata wskazano jeziora, w których prowadzono inaktywację fosforu oraz przytoczono za literaturą sumaryczną dawkę wprowadzonych do zbiorników wodnych substancji i preparatów chemicznych.

EN

A review, with 62 refs., of coagulants based on selected Ca, Fe, Al or La compds.

2

Seasonal Variability of Selected Nutrients in the Waters of Lakes Niepruszewskie, Pamiatkowskie and Strykowskie

Zbierska A., Przybyła C., Dwornikowska Ż.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 17, nr 4

129--137

EN

The paper presents the evaluation of seasonal and long-term changes in selected nutrients of three lakes of the Poznań Lakeland. The lakes were selected due to the high risk of pollution from agricultural and residential areas. Water samples were taken in 6 control points in the spring, summer and autumn, from 2004 to 2014. Trophic status of the lakes was evaluated based on the concentration of nutrients (nitrates, nitrites, ammonium, nitrogen and phosphorus) and indicators of eutrophication. Studies have shown that the concentration of nutrients varied greatly both in individual years and seasons of the analyzed decades, especially in Lakes Niepruszewskie and Pamiątkowskie. The main problem is the high concentration of nitrates. In general, it showed an upward trend until 2013, especially in the spring. This may indicate that actions restricting runoff pollution from agricultural sources have not been fully effective. On the other hand, a marked downward trend in the concentrations of NH4 over the years from 2004 to 2014, especially after 2007, indicates a gradual improvement of wastewater management. Moreover, seasonal variation in NH4 concentrations differed from those of NO3 and NO2. The highest values were reported in the autumn season, the lowest in the summer. Concentrations of nutrients and eutrophication indexes reached high values in all analysed lakes, indicating a eutrophic or hypertrophic state of the lakes. The high value of the N:P ratio indicates that the lakes had a huge surplus of nitrogen, and phosphorus is a productivity limiting factor.

3

Assessment of the Condition of Samołęskie Lake Waters

Osuch E., Osuch A., Podsiadłowski S., Rybacki P., Adamski M., Ratajczak J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 17, nr 2

108--112

EN

Samołęskie Lake is situated in the Poznań Lakeland in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Szamotuły County, Wronki District. The lake adjoins a little village of Samołęż of about 500 residents. The glacial waterbody of over 30ha acreage is a typical tunnel-valley lake having a maximum depth of over 22 meters. It predominantly serves fishing and recreation purposes offering a beach and a sailing center. Near the coastline (not in the direct vicinity) there is a farmland. The objective of the dissertation was to assess the quality of Samołęskie Lake waters that was delivered based on the studies carried out in spring and summer, when the waterbody demonstrates excessive fertility. The studies covered the analysis of the basic physical and chemical parameters of the lake water. The measurement was carried out on a fortnight basis by means of a measurement apparatus such as the photometer and the Secchi disc. The collected results are presented with the use of figures later in this paper, whereas their in-depth analysis allowed to compile and formulate conclusions. The results of studies and analyses lay the foundations to state that the quality of Samołęskie Lake waters requires continuous monitoring and application of remedial and rehabilitation measures.

4

Analiza procesu inaktywacji jonów fosforowych w wodzie Jeziora Durowskiego

Rybacki P., Ratajczak J., Osuch E., Osuch A.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2016

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Nr 47

33--39

PL

W pracy omówiono metodę inaktywacji fosforu w warunkach jeziora przepływowego. Analizie poddano Jezioro Durowskie w Wągrowcu, w którym zastosowano metodę napowietrzania wód oraz strącanie fosforu poprzez dozowanie koagulantu za pomocą aeratora mobilnego. W pracy scharakteryzowano efektywność procesu inaktywacji fosforu. Sprawdzenie stanu ekosystemu Jeziora Durowskiego przeprowadzono na podstawie badań terenowych realizowanych od maja do października 2013 roku. Na podstawie wyników parametrów fizyko-chemicznych dokonano oceny jakości wód jeziora. Analiza wyników wykazała poprawę stanu jakości wód.

EN

The paper discusses the method of inactivation of phosphorus in the lake flow conditions. The analyzed Durowskie Lake in Wągrowiec, which uses the pulverizing aeration method and precipitation of phosphorus by the dosing of coagulant using by a mobile aerator. The paper characterized the efficiency of phosphorus inactivation . Checking the condition of the ecosystem of Durowskie Lake was based on field research carried out from May to October 2013. Based on the results of physico-chemical parameters water quality of the lake was assessed. The analysis of results showed an improvement in water quality.

5

Past and recent lake eutrophication evidenced by microfossil (over 160 years) diatom succession in sediments, Lake Xingyna (Southwest China)

Ji M., Li Y., Shen J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 4

729--737

EN

Eutrophication, disappearance of aquatic vegetation and fish introduction are important disturbances of aquatic ecosystems, especially in plateau lakes, which are generally considered to be very vulnerable. This study investigated the effects of eutrophication, aquatic vegetation and fish introduction on the diatom community of Lake Xingyun by examining the changes of microfossil diatom assemblage. Results showed that diatom assemblages changed with increasing trophic level, decreasing aquatic vegetation and fish introduction. A mesotrophic, alkaliphilous species, Aulacoseira ambigua, was dominant in Lake Xingyun before 1950, which indicated the lake was mesotrophic in the period. Epiphytic diatom species (Achnanthes minutissima, Denticula sp., Gomphonema pumilum) presented high relative concentration between 1950–1980, which indicated aquatic vegetation had a higher cover in this period. The number of diatom species varied from 20 to 66, and to 52 with the change of aquatic vegetation from the past to present. Epiphytic diatoms except Achnanthes minutissima disappeared with the decrease of aquatic vegetation after 1980. Since 1980, with the sharply rising of TP and TN concentration, mesotrophic species (Aulacoseira ambigua) disappeared and eutrophic species (Cyclostephanos dubius, Fragilaria crotonensis, Aulacoseira granulata, Nitzschia palea) were dominant. It indicates the lake has evolved towards eutrophication after 1980. Our study indicated that change of trophic status and aquatic vegetation are important driving factors affecting diatom community composition in Lake Xingyun, but that fish introductions have also been an additional factor.

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Wpływ zmian temperatury na przebieg procesów związanych z eutrofizacją jezior

Biedka P.

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2013

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nr 2

242--254

PL

W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę oceny wpływu potencjalnych zmian temperatury wody wybranych eutroficznych jezior Pojezierza Suwalsko-Augustowskiego na przebieg zjawisk związanych z ich eutrofizacją. Do realizacji zadania wykorzystano numeryczny model eutrofizacji czterech połączonych ze sobą jezior: Necko, Rospuda Augustowska, Białe Augustowskie i Studzieniczne, zaimplementowany w programie WASP (Water Analysis Symulation Program) opracowanym przez Amerykańską Agencję Ochrony Środowiska.

EN

In this paper the attempt to assess the effect of temperature fluctuation on eutrophication processes in selected lakes of Suwalsko Augustowskie Lake District (north-eastern Poland) was made. For realization of this aim a numerical model defined in WASP (Water Analysis Simulation Program) developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was used. Using the model, two simulations were performed, in which the water temperature of hypolimnion and epilimnion was modified. Other parameters of the model, particularly nutrient loads and duration of stratifiation, were left unchanged. With these assumptions it was assessed whether the annual changes of temperature resulting from potential climate change may affect the observed indicators of water quality.

7

Rola dopływów w kształtowaniu jakości wód jezior Pojezierza Suwalsko-Augustowskiego

Biedka P., Wawrentowicz D.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2011

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Nr 26

7-17

PL

W opracowaniu dokonano oceny roli dopływów w kształtowaniu jakości wód czterech jezior Pojezierza Suwalsko-Augustowskiego. Do realizacji zadania wykorzystano komputerowy model eutrofizacji, zdefiniowany w programie WASP (Water Analysis Simulation Program), rozwijanym przez Amerykańską Agencję Ochrony Środowiska. Korzystając ze zdefiniowanego i skalibrowanego modelu przeprowadzono szereg symulacji, w których modyfikowano ładunki azotu i fosforu wprowadzane do jezior z dopływami, a następnie obserwowano wywołane tym zmiany jakości wód jezior.

EN

The paper evaluates the role of tributaries in water quality of four lakes of Suwalki-Augustow Lake District. For evaluation purposes a computer model of eutrophication defined in WASP (Water Analysis Simulation Program) developed by the USEPA has been applied. Using a defined and calibrated model, a number of simulations has been made with modified loads of nitrogen and phosphorus entering the lakes in tributaries. Next, changes in water quality have been observed.

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Holocene pattern of organic carbon accumulation in a small lake in Estonia

Punning Jaan_Mati, Koff Tiiu, Sakson Maire, Kangur Mihkel

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 1

5-14

EN

A comprehensive study of the sediment profile of L. Viitna Linajarv, a small closed drainage lake located in northern Estonia (59 [deegres] 27.N, 25 [deegres] 01.E), was conducted to assess the impact of water-level changes on the carbon accumulation dynamics in the lake during the Holocene. The variations of the P content, C/N ratio, fossil pigments and diatom communities indicate essential changes in the lake ecosystem history during the Holocene. The results show that on millennial time-scale (10[^3] years) fluctuations of the lake level, concurrent shore erosion and coprecipitation of dissolved organic matter with allochthonous mineral particles were the driving factors in the lake history. Net organic carbon accumulation was [similar to] 30 g m[^-2] yr[^-1] at the beginning of the Holocene (ca 9000 BP), then decreased to 10 g m[^-1] yr[^-1] (5000-2000 BP) and increased in the upper layers (since 1000 BP) up to 60 g m[^-2] yr[^-1].