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PL
W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki analizy sejsmicznej i otworowej dla utworów jury górnej z rejonu usytuowanego na południe i południowy wschód od Tarnowa, której celem było określenie potencjału geotermalnego tego obszaru. Przeprowadzona analiza geologiczno-złożowa wykazała, że skały węglanowe górnej jury są dobrym kolektorem wód geotermalnych, a najbardziej perspektywiczne do uzyskania większych wydajności są strefy uskokowo-szczelinowe oraz strefy pogrążonego paleokrasu. Świadczą o tym opróbowania przeprowadzone w otworach wiertniczych w interwale skał górnojurajskich, które wykazały przypływy wód termalnych o wydajnościach do 30 m3 /h i temperaturze rzędu 50–80°C. Duża część z tych opróbowań związana jest bądź to ze strefami spękań i uskoków, bądź też z przypowierzchniową strefą rozwoju paleokrasu. Wspomniane utwory górnej jury zalegają w obszarze badań na głębokości od 1600 m do ponad 3000 m p.p.m. W ich nadkładzie występują węglanowe utwory kredy górnej, klastyczne utwory miocenu (autochtonicznego i jednostki zgłobickiej) oraz utwory jednostek tektonicznych Karpat. Zakres przeprowadzonych badań pozwolił na rozpoznanie budowy geologicznej oraz warunków złożowych analizowanego rejonu. Było to podstawą do wytypowania obszaru perspektywicznego, zlokalizowanego we wschodniej części obszaru badań, w obrębie którego można spodziewać się wyższych temperatur oraz możliwości uzyskania większych wydajności wód termalnych, koniecznych do zasilania obiektów energetycznych, ciepłowniczych czy też rekreacyjnych. W rejonie tym na podstawie danych sejsmicznych wyinterpretowano obecność skomplikowanego systemu uskoków, w większości o przebiegu z NW na SE. Dla wytypowanego obszaru perspektywicznego przedstawiono szczegółową charakterystykę parametrów złożowych, istotnych w kontekście poszukiwania i eksploatacji wód geotermalnych.
EN
The article presents the results of a seismic and well analysis conducted for the Upper Jurassic formations in the area south and southeast of Tarnów, aimed at determining the geothermal potential of this area. A geological and reservoir analysis has shown that the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks are a good collector of geothermal water, and the fault and fracture zones as well as the buried paleokarst zones are the most promising for higher yields. Tests conducted in wells in the interval of the Upper Jurassic rocks, showed thermal water flows of up to 30 m3 /h and temperatures in the range of 50–80°C. A large number of these tests are either associated with zones of faults and fractures, or with the near-surface paleokarst zone. These Upper Jurassic sediments occure in the study area at depths ranging from 1600 meters to more than 3000 meters below sea level. In their overburden are carbonate formations of the Upper Cretaceous, clastic sediments of the Miocene (autochthonous and the Zgłobice Unit) and formations of the tectonic units of the Carpathians. The scope of the study helped determine the geological structure and reservoir conditions of the analyzed region. This was fundamental to the selection of a prospective area, located in the eastern part of the study area, within which higher temperatures and the possibility of higher thermal water yields, necessary for power, heating or recreational facilities, can be expected. In this area, the presence of a complex fault system, mostly running NW-SE, was interpreted from seismic data. A detailed characterization of reservoir parameters relevant to geothermal water exploration and exploitation is presented for the selected prospective area.
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano górnojurajskie wapienie ze złóż w rejonie Działoszyna, udokumentowane dla potrzeb przemysłu cementowego, wapienniczego i do produkcji kamienia budowlanego. Przedstawiono najważniejsze parametry chemiczne oraz fizyczne i mechaniczne wapieni z eksploatowanych złóż oraz dane na temat wielkości wydobycia i dostępnych zasobów. Wśród kompleksów skalnych oksfordu, charakteryzujących się zróżnicowanym udziałem wapieni, wapieni marglistych i margli, szczególne znaczenie ma odmiana wapieni zalesiackich. Skały te poddane zostały szczegółowej charakterystyce w zakresie wykształcenia litologicznego, parametrów jakościowych oraz kierunków gospodarczego wykorzystania.
EN
The paper presents the characteristics of the Jurassic limestones from deposits in the Działoszyn area, recognized as a rock minerals for the cement and lime industry and for the production of construction stone. The most important chemical, physical and mechanical parameters of limestone from exploited deposits as well as data on the mining output volume and available resources are presented. Among the Oxford rock complexes, comprises of limestones, marly limestones and marls that occurs in various proportions, the type of Zalesiaki limestones is of particular importance. These rocks were subjected to detailed analyses in terms of variability of lithological features, quality parameters and directions of economic use.
EN
The stratigraphical interval of the Kimmeridgian between the Bimammatum and the Hypselocylum zones in the SW margin of the Holy Cross Mts. shows a transition from the open shelf deep-neritic sponge megafacies to the shallow-water carbonate platform, including its development and decline. The uniform progradation of the shallow-water carbonate platform occurred at the end of the Planula Chron. Development of the shallow-water carbonate platform was controlled by climatic and tectonic factors. The former induced by orbital cyclicity resulted in changes of sea-level, revealed i.a. by the incoming of open-marine ammonite faunas, the latter were related to the synsedimentary activity of faults which resulted in contrasted facies changes. The episodically occurring strong influx of siliciclastic material was at least partly controlled by the tectonic activity. The newly elaborated formal lithostratigraphic subdivision takes into account the facies development of the succession in relation to climatically and tectonically induced changes. Such is e.g. the Małogoszcz Oolite Formation, corresponding to a single 100-kyr eccentricity cycle from the late Platynota Chron to the earliest Hypselocyclum Chron, bordered from the base and top by two transgressive climatically-controlled levels. The final stage of the shallow-water platform development at the end of the Hypselocyclum Chron was marked by the successive limitation of restricted environments, and the appearance of more open-marine conditions related to tectonic subsidence of the area of study. Comparison between the carbonate platform development of the Holy Cross Mts. in central Poland, and the coeval shallow-water carbonates of the Jura Mts. in northern Switzerland and south-eastern France provides an opportunity to consider similarities in the successions which can be attributed to the climatically-controlled sedimentary cyclicity and/or the wide-ranged tectonic phenomena. The palaeontological part of the study gives comments on the classification and phylogeny of ammonites of the families Ataxioceratidae and Aulacostephanidae.
EN
Vertebrate remains, mostly cryptodiran turtle shellfragments, pliosaur skull bones and teeth, plesiosaur vertebrae and crocodylomorph isolated teeth and skull fragments are described from the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) limestone beds of Krzyżanowice in the NE margin of the Holy Cross Mountains in Poland. The vertebrate fossils were collected during the palaeontological excavations conducted in 2018 and 2019 by the authors, and in the 1960s by a scientific team from the Museum of the Earth and the Institute of Paleobiology Polish Academy of Sciences. All osteological remains are generally very well preserved. This interesting vertebrate bones association from the upper part of the Kimmeridgian represents fossils of animals from two different types of environment. The first contains costal reptiles, like turtles and crocodylomorphs, the second one contains large pelagic animals - pliosaurids and plesiosaurids. This new vertebrate fauna from Poland has been correlated with age-equivalents from other regions of Europe and both Boreal/Subboreal and Mediterranean palaeobiogeographical realms.
EN
Benthic foraminifera, tintinnids and calcareous dinocysts provide new important biostratigraphic data on the age of the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone Formation and Wysoka Turnia Limestone Formation of the NiedŸwiedŸ crag geological section in the Polish Western Tatra Mts. Foraminiferal assemblages of shallow- water limestones from the NiedŸwiedŸ section contain some stratigraphically significant species, including Haghimashella arcuata (Haeusler), Protomarssonella kummi (Zedler), Uvigerinammina uvigeriniformis (Seibold & Seibold) and Textulariopsis jurassica (Guembel). Sporadic planktonic microfossils, such as the tintinnid Tintinnopsella carpathica (Murgeanu & Filipescu), calcareous dinocysts (Cadosina minuta Borza, Colomisphaera lucida Borza, C. tenuis (Nagy), C. varia Øechanek and Parastomiosphaera malmica (Borza), have also been identified. On the basis of these microfossil assemblages the lower and middle parts of the NiedŸwiedŸ section was dated as the Lower Tithonian–Barremian. Limestones of the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone Formation section represent peloidal, peloidal-oolitic and peloidal-oolitic-bioclastic facies. Limestones from the Wysoka Turnia Limestone Formation of the NiedŸwiedŸ section was dated as the Upper Barremian–Lower Aptian, based on a specific composition of foraminifera assemblages, that suggest an eroded carbonate platform as a source of Urgonian-type carbonate material. The boundary between the formations occurs within a poorly dated interval (Valanginian–Barremian).
EN
Two partial skeletons of allosaurid theropods belonging to an adult and a juvenile from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) Morrison Formation of McElmo Canyon in Montezuma County, southwestern Colorado, were discovered in 1953 by the late Joseph T. Gregory and David Techter. The adult specimen consists of several isolated cranial and postcranial skeletal elements that are exceptionally well-preserved and include the left premaxilla, maxilla, dentary, teeth, quadratojugal, two caudal vertebrae, pubic peduncle, ischium, proximal tibia, a nearly complete left foot, and several isolated teeth, whereas the juvenile specimen is represented by the distal portion of the right dentary and a fragmentary splenial. The specimens represent a new species of Allosaurus, here named Allosaurus lucasi, which differs from Allosaurus fragilis by having a relatively short premaxilla and robust quadratojugal with short jugal process and a short quadrate process of the quadratojugal that is at the same level as the rostral quadratojugal ramus. The presence of a new species of Allosaurus in the Tithonian of North America provides further evidence of the taxonomic and morphological diversity of the Allosauridae clade and their continuous evolutionary success, which extended to the Cretaceous.
EN
In 1879, Othniel C. Marsh and Arthur Lakes collected in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation Quarry 12 at Como Bluff, Wyoming, USA, several isolated axial and appendicular skeletal elements of small theropod dinosaurs. Since the discovery the specimens remained unnoticed for over a century. The skeletal remains of small theropods are rare at Como Bluff and throughout the Morrison Formation. Their bones are delicately constructed, so they are not as well-preserved as the bones of large-bodied theropods. The bones of small theropods described here were found mixed with isolated crocodile teeth and turtle shells. Comparison of the skeletal materials with other known theropods from the Morrison Formation reveals that some of the bones belong to a very small juvenile Allosaurus fragilis and Torvosaurus tanneri and also to a new ceratosaur taxon, here named Fosterovenator churei, whereas the other bones represent previously unidentified juvenile taxa of basal tetanuran and coelurid theropods. The discovery and description of these fossil materials is significant because they provide important information about the Upper Jurassic terrestrial fauna of Quarry 12, Como Bluff, Wyoming. The presence of previously unidentified theropod taxa in the Morrison Formation indicates that the diversity of basal tetanuran and coelurid theropods may have been much greater than previously expected. Although the fossil material here described is largely fragmentary, it is tenable that theropods of different clades co-existed in the same ecosystems at the same time and most likely competed for the same food sources.
EN
In the south part of the Carpathian Foredeep basement, between Bochnia and Ropczyce, the Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian, Kimmeridian and Tithonian) carbonate complex plays important role as a hydrocarbon bearing formation. It consists of shallow marine carbonates deposited in environments of the outer carbonate ramp as reef limestones (dolomites), microbial - sponge or coral biostromes and marly or micrite limestones as well. The inner pore space system of these rocks was affected by different diagenetic processes as calcite cementation, dissolution, dolomitization and most probably by tectonic fracturing as well. These phenomena have modified pore space systems within limestone / dolomite series forming more or less developed reservoir zones (horizons). According to the interpretation of DST results (analysis of pressure build up curves by log - log method) for 11 intervals (marked out previously by well logging due to porosity increase readings) within the Upper Jurassic formation 3 types of pore/fracture space systems were distinguished: - type I - fracture - vuggy porosity system in which fractures connecting voids and vugs within organogenic carbonates are of great importance for medium flow; - type II - vuggy - fracture porosity system where a pore space consists of weak connected voids and intergranular/intercrystalline pores with minor influence of fractures; - type III - cavern porosity system in which a secondary porosity is developed due to dolomitization and cement/grain dissolution processes.
PL
W pracy scharakteryzowano metodykę interpretacji testów odbudowy ciśnienia z użyciem krzywych diagnostycznych i specjalistycznych oraz przedstawiono wyniki interpretacji testów złożowych rurowymi próbnikami złoża (RPZ) wykonanych w latach 1995-1997 w 11 profilach serii węglanowych górnej jury (malmu) budujących podłoże zapadliska przedkarpackiego w strefie Bochnia - Ropczyce. Uzyskane wyniki oraz szczegółowa interpretacja krzywych odbudowy ciśnienia dennego w powiązaniu z rozpoznanym rozwojem litofacjalnym utworów górnej jury pozwoliła wstępnie wydzielić charakterystyczne typy wykształcenia przestrzeni porowej, występujące w obrębie interwałów wytypowanych badaniami geofizyki wiertniczej do testów RPZ. Są to: I - typ szczelinowato-porowy z dominującym wpływem systemu szczelin; II - typ porowo-szczelinowaty z minimalnym wpływem szczelin oraz typ III - kawernisty, w którym system wolnych przestrzeni tworzą mikrokawerny, pustki i przestrzenie międzykrystaliczne powstałe głównie wskutek epigenetycznych procesów dolomityzacji i rozpuszczania. Wydzielone systemy można wiązać z facjami skał węglanowych, głównie organogenicznych, występujących w obrębie utworów górnej jury podłoża zapadliska przedkarpackiego.
9
Content available Profil keloweju i górnej jury w niecce Nidy
EN
The Callovian and Upper Jurassic strata in the Nida Trough are similar to those from SW margin of Holy Cross Mountains, so the same lithostratigraphic pattern may be applied. Three facies zones are distinguished: NW, central and SE. Black deposits of the Middle Jurassic are covered by the Sandy Limestones and Marls (lower Callovian–Bukowskii Subz. Cordatum Z.). Locally, these strata are separated by the Calcareous Sandstones (uppermost Bathonian–lower Callovian). The Marly Limestones and Marls represent Bukowskii Subz. Cordatum Z.- Plicatilis Z. The Morawica Limestones represent Plicatilis Z.–Bimammatum Z. The Siedlce Limestones (facies: pelitic, pelitic-sponge, pelitic-coral) reach the Platynota Z. in central andNWpart and the top of Hypselocyclum Z. in a narrow zone in SE part of Nida Trough. The Chalky Limestones (facies: pelitic, biostromal) are equivalents of the uppermost Siedlce Limestones in the centre of the Nida Trough. Beyond this narrow zone in the SE part of the Nida Trough, the Lowermost Marly Horizon (Platynota Z.) and deposits of shallow water carbonate platform (Platynota Z.–Hypselocyclum Z.), Lower & Upper Oolites, Banded Limestones, Oolite-Platy Member, Platy Detrital Limestones, Platy Limestones and Underlying Shales are distinguished. The uppermost part of the incomplete section (Divisum Z. and Mutabilis Z.) is represented by the Skorków Lumachelles and Upper Platy Limestones in the entire Nida Trough while the Staniewice Lumachelles occur in its SE part. The knowledge of the Middle– Upper Jurassic deposits of the Nida Trough is important for palaeogeographical reconstructions of the whole Southern Poland, as the Nida Trough links other regions where the Jurassic deposits are well recognized in numerous outcrops and borehole sections.
PL
Górnojurajsko-dolnokredowe utwory wchodzą obecnie w skład płaszczowin zewnętrzno-karpackich: magurskiej, śląskiej i podśląsko-żdanicko-waschbergskiej oraz znane są z olistolitów występujących w osadach różnych jednostek Karpat zewnętrznych. Autorzy podjęli próbę usystematyzowania jednostek litostratygraficznych według ich występowania w pierwotnych basenach i innych obszarach sedymentacyjnych. Basen magurski uformował się w jurze środkowej, a seweryńsko-mołdawidzki (protośląski) w późnej jurze i wczesnej kredzie z osadami synryftowymi i postryftowymi. Podśląsko-żdanicki obszar sedymentacyjny uformował się w późnej kredzie, w jurze i wczesnej kredzie wchodził w skład basenu protośląskiego, jako jego część północna. Obszarem źródłowym dla olistolitów były osady północnego skłonu i strefy szelfowej basenu protośląskiego oraz wypiętrzeń śródbasenowych.
EN
Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous deposits are part of the Outer Carpathians nappes: Magura, Silesian and Sub-Silesian-Żdanice-Waschberg, and are known in olistholites, which occur within different units of the Outer Carpathians. Authors systematized lithostratigraphical units according to their primary position in sedimentary basins and other sedimentary areas. Magura Basin originated in Middle Jurassic and proto-Silesian Basin in Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous times together with syn- and post-rift deposits. Sub-Silesian-Żdanice sedimentary area originated in Late Cretaceous, and during Jurassic and Early Cretaceous times was northern part of the proto-Silesian Basin. The source areas for olistholites have been northern slope and shelf of the proto-Silesian Basin and submerged intra-oceanic ridges (cordilleras).
PL
Przedmiotem rozważań przedstawionego artykułu jest analiza możliwości odnalezienia górnojurajsko-dolnokredowych skał macierzystych w zachodniej części Karpat fliszowych, na terenie Polski i Republiki Czeskiej. Górnojurajskie margle mikułowskie stanowią skały macierzyste światowej klasy. Te bogate w substancję organiczną skały z TOC 0.2-10% zasilały ropy naftowe w basenie wiedeńskim i pod nasunięciem karpackim w Czechach i Austrii. Podobne skały macierzyste prawdopodobnie występują w głębokich strefach pod nasunięciem w Polsce. Utwory formacji wędryńskiej i grodziskiej nie zawierają większych ilości węgla organicznego. Większą zawartość TOC stwierdzono natomiast w formacji wierzowskiej i najwyższej części formacji grodziskiej. Utwory te reprezentują globalne anoksyczne wydarzenie oceaniczne OAE 1b. Utwory formacji wierzowskiej mogą stanowić potencjalne skały macierzyste dla systemów obejmujących różnego wieku skały zbiornikowe Karpat zewnętrznych.
EN
The analysis of possibility to find Upper Jurassic--Lower Cretaceous source rocks in the western part of Flysch Carpathians in Poland and Czech Republic was the subject of present paper. The Upper Jurassic organic-rich Mikulov marls represent world-class source rocks. These 1400 m thick organic-rich rocks with TOC value 0.2-10% sourced oils in the Vienna Basin and Carpathian subthrust in Czech Republic and Austria. The similar source rocks perhaps exist in the deeper subthrust areas in Poland. The Vendryne Formation rocks do not contain significant amount of organic carbon. The increased TOC was encountered within the Verovice Formation and uppermost part of Hradiste Formatio. These rocks represent global anoxic event OAE 1b. Verovice Formation contains potential source rocks for the Outer Carpathians systems with reservoirs various in age.
19
Content available remote The Upper Oxfordian (Jurassic) thecideide brachiopods from the Kujawy area, Poland
EN
Thecideide brachiopods from the slope facies of a sponge-cyanobacterial bioherm exposed in the Wapienno and Bielawy quarries (Kujawy, Poland) are described. Numerous specimens were found in the upper part of the section, in the Hauffianum-Planula Subzones of the Oxfordian, and constitute the first record of these brachiopods from the Jurassic deposits in the area. Two species: Rioultina wapiennensis sp.nov. and Neothecidella ulmensis QUENSTEDT, 1858, are described, the first being the only representative of the genus Rioultina found in Poland. Excellent preservation of some specimens enabled recognition of details of their internal morphology usually inaccessible in fossil material, including features associated with reproduction and the development of the brachidium. Study of relatively large numbers of thecideides still cemented to the substrate, together with analysis of the associated fauna, allowed the reconstruction of aspects of their ecology.
EN
This systematic account contains descriptions of ammonite species of the superfamily Perisphinctoidea from the collection of the Physiographic Commission of the 19th century Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków. The emphasis is on the description of 11 species introduced by Siemiradzki (1891), e.g. Subdiscosphinctes kreutzi, S. mindowe, S. jelskii, S. dunikowskii, S. ? cracoviensis, S. ? dybowskii, Perisphinctes (Perisphinctes) vajdelota, Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes) crotalinus, P. (Dichotomoceras) alpinus, and Perisphinctes damesi recognised to be nomen dubium, as well as a single species from the Bimammatum Zone – Ringsteadia teisseyrei. Most of the species mentioned are re-described and illustrated for the first time in this paper. In addition, the descriptions of 18 nominal species as well as another 32 species left in open nomenclature, are provided. The species are assigned to 8 genera (Subdiscosphinctes, Perisphinctes, Neumannia, Passendorferia, Idoceras, Orthosphinctes and Ringsteadia) in 3 families (Perisphinctidae, Ataxioceratidae and Aulacostephanidae). In the family Perisphinctidae two new informal species groups have been distinguished: Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes) elisabethae group and the Subdiscosphinctes ? dybowskii group. The Subdiscosphinctes ? cracoviensis group as distinguished by Brochwicz-Lewi�ski, has been re-described and some new forms included in it. The species indicate the Plicatilis and Transversarium zones of the Middle Oxfordian, and the Bifurcatus, Bimammatum and Planula zones hitherto as a whole assigned to the Submediterranean Upper Oxfordian, but in fact correlating with the Upper Oxfordian (Bifurcatus Zone and the lower part of the Bimammatum Zone) and the lowermost Kimmeridgian (upper part of the Bimammatum Zone and Planula Zone) of the Subboreal primary standard for the Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian boundary. The erroneous opinion presented by Siemiradzki (1891) concerning the alleged discordant occurrence of Kimmeridgian deposits of the so called Oppelia tenuilobata Zone in the area studied has been corrected and explained. The paper is provided with some useful species inexes.
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