Using the well-known monotone iterative technique together with the method of upper and lower solutions, the authors investigate the existence of extremal solutions to a class of coupled systems of nonlinear fractional differential equations involving the ψ–Caputo derivative with initial conditions. As applications of this work, two illustrative examples are presented.
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We obtain existence of absolutely continuous extremal solutions of the problem u'(x) = F(x, u(x), u(h(x))), u(0) = u0, and the Darboux problem for u_xy(x, y) = G(x, y, u(x, y), u(H(x, y))), where h and H are arbitrary continuous deviated arguments.
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It is shown that a certain Bezout operator provides a bijective correspondence between the solutions of the matrix quadratic equation and factorizatons of a certain matrix polynomial G(lambda) (which is a specification of a Popov-type function) into a product of row and column reduced polynomials. Special attention is paid to the symmetric case, i.e. to the Algebraic Riccati Equation. In particular, it is shown that extremal solutions of such equations correspond to spectral factorizations of G(lambda). The proof of these results depends heavily on a new inertia theorem for matrix polynomials which is also one of the main results in this paper.
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