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1

Determination of the Vertical Distribution Pattern of Indoor Climate Parameters in the Greenhouse Heated in the Winter Period

Boyaci Sedat, Başpınar Ayşe, Atilgan Atilgan, Rolbiecki Roman

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2023

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Tom 25

105--115

EN

Ensuring the homogeneity of the indoor climate throughout the greenhouse is very important for uniform plant cultivation. In the study carried out to determine the indoor climate distribution in the heated greenhouse in the terrestrial climate, indoor temperature, relative humidity, dew point and vapour pressure deficit values were measured from 8 different measurement points. The distribution pattern of the measurement points was made horizontally and vertically at 2, 4 and 6 meters. Sensor placements are grouped vertically at 2 meters (G1: S1, S2 S3), at 4 meters (G2: S4, S5, S6) and at 6 meters (G3: S7, S8). Measurements taken during the day are divided into three parts. The climatic changes in the greenhouse were monitored as daily (00:00-23:30), daytime (08:30-17:30) and night (18:00-08:00) hours. According to the results obtained from the research, it was determined that the indoor climate parameters in the greenhouse change during the average daily, daytime and night hours at different times of the day and at different locations. According to this, it has been determined that it is important for better regulation of the greenhouse climate by monitoring the changes in the plant level as it rises from the greenhouse floor to the ridge with multiple sensors instead of a single sensor.

2

Dynamics of Microclimate Conditions in Freestall Barns During Winter – a Case Study from Poland

Angrecka Sabina, Herbut Piotr, Godyń Dorota, Vieira Frederico Márcio Corrêa, Zwolenik Monika

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 5

129--136

EN

The climate changes observed in recent years as an increase in the average air temperature influence the microclimatic conditions in dairy barns not only in summer but also in winter. The heat emitted by cows, the orientation of buildings to the cardinal points and farm layout have substantial effect and are additional factors influencing the microclimate in the barns with curtain sidewalls. The aim of the present studies was to determine the effect of atmospheric air temperature and relative humidity on the selected parameters of the indoor microclimate in two neighboring freestall barns in winter. The air temperature and relative humidity sensors were positioned in the barns (A, B) and outdoors. The obtained results were compared with each other. The indoor air temperature recorded in two barns was higher than the outdoor temperature by an average of 2.4°C and 2.8°C, respectively. The greatest difference between the average indoor and the outdoor air temperature was 4.9°C. Daily analysis indicated that in warm days, the patterns of the air temperature and relative humidity changes were similar in both barns. In turn, during cold days, when the outdoor air temperature was below 0°C, there was a difference in temperature between both barns, which could result from the position of the buildings towards cardinal points and the heat emitted by cattle influencing the air temperature in the barn. The points where the temperature difference was the highest were located in the leeward part of the building, which was additionally sunlit during the midday hours. Thus, it is recommended to estimate the airflow velocity and sun exposure in different zones of the barn. This would also help to establish the guidelines for the design of new barns in the context of architectural and spatial solutions.

3

The Application of Benthic Diatoms in Water Quality Assessment in Lepenci River Basin, Kosovo

Bytyçi Pajtim, Ymeri Prespa, Czikkely Marton, Fetoshi Osman, Shala-Abazi Albona, Ismaili Murtezan, Ramshaj Qëndrim, Millaku Fadil

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 11

43--57

EN

During the study on the assessment of ecological status of the Lepenci river basin, epilithic diatoms were used. Via this methodology, the authors aimed to standardization the ecological assessment methodology and gradually make it applicable for all river basins of Kosovo. The authors relied on a hypothesis that the epilithic diatom communities can serve as a reliable ecological tool to evaluate the quality of flowing waters in Kosovo. Thirteen water quality indices (IBD, IPS, IDG, DESCY, SLA, IDSE, IDAP, EPID, CEE, WAT, TDI, IDP and SHE) were measured in eight sample-points. From the conducted qualitative analysis, the obtained results showed that the water quality varies from upper parts of the basin (SP1, SP2, SP3 & SP4) characterized with higher water quality towards the lower parts (SP5, SP6 & SP7) where water quality was of the 2nd class and finally in Hani i Elezit (SP8) where the index values showed that its water belongs to the 3rd class. The samples were taken in to 8 sampling sites, in river during year (2017), the Navicula viridula species was the most dominant, along with Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Diatoma vulgaris. In turn, between August and end of September, the following species were dominant ones: Craticula ambigua, Navicula hintzii, Navicula viridula and Rhoicosphenia abbreviata.

4

The environmental control indoors with application of moisture-regulating plasters

Konkov V.

Budownictwo i Architektura

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2018

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Vol. 17, nr 1

149--156

EN

Provision of comfortable conditions in the premises with simultaneous optimization of costs throughout the life cycle of the building was the main objective of the study. The analysis of the world engineering practice of troweling compounds with high moisture-regulating ability is performed. Information on the features of the manufacture of plasters with moisture-regulating ability is given. Usage of expanded aggregates that have the ability to quickly collect, store, and then slowly release moisture is an effective way to regulate moisture in living areas of buildings under construction as well as of newly erected ones. As a result of this study, it has been shown that it is possible to produce environmental control in residential premises not only through the operation of costly air conditioning systems that consume a significant amount of power, but also by using accumulating and easily releasing moisture building materials, providing a dampening effect. Studies have been carried out and troweling compounds with a high moisture-regulating ability with the use of domestic components have been developed, allowing, in addition to the above-mentioned purposes, to reduce the risk of water vapour condensation on the walls and the occurrence of fungi and mould in the room.

5

Próba oceny produktywności ekosystemu w warunkach polowych Wielkopolski

Kowalska N., Chojnicki B. H., Józefczyk D., Urbaniak M., Juszczak R., Olejnik J.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2013

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Tom 15, cz. 3

2481--2495

EN

The Eddy Covariance technique has been applied for corn field NEE estimation. The Smith, Michaelis-Menten and Misterlich formulas has been used for calculation of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) values between corn canopy and the atmosphere. These approaches have been applied for estimation of temeparture and radiation modification impact on the corn field productivity. The NEE has been evaluated in the first part of this paper and then the relation of NEE runs and elements that influence the NEE values has been summarized. In another part the analysis of NEE under thermal and radiative conditions has been presented. The Michaelis-Menten model has been found as the most distinct one for the measurements of the relationship. This model indicated that the highest NEE value (NEE = 10.0 µmol m-2 s-1) has been found under combination of the low radiation and high temperature conditions. The lowest value of NEE has been estimated under the highest PPFD and lowest Ta amount. The applied models have confirmed relationship between NEE, PPFD and Ta. All three models confirmed the fact that the lowest ecosystem productivity is found under high radiation input. The accumulated NEE values were compared with the real values according to the Smith, Michaelis-Menten and Misterlich equations. The results of the Michaelis-Menten equation and Misterlich were the most similar to the real cumulative NEE values. The theoretical change of thermal (0.5°C increase) and radiation (4% decrease) resulted in tested higher CO2 sequesteration from the atmosphere.

6

Best available techniques in foundry industry

Holtzer M.

Archiwum Odlewnictwa

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2004

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R. 4, nr 13

106--114

EN

The paper deals with Integrated Prevention and Pollution Control (IPPC) Directive and its application in foundry industry. The minimization of emissions, efficient raw material and energy usage, optimum process chemical utilization, recovering and recycling of waste and the substitution of harmful substances are all important principles of the IPPC Directive. The following major activities are discussed from the point of view of specific pollution to environment: melting and metal treatment, preparation of moulds and cores, casting of molten metal into the mould, cooling for solidification and removing the casting from the mould, finishing of the raw casting. For foundries the focal points are air emissions, the efficient use of raw materials and energy, and waste reduction, in conjunction with any recycling and re-use options.

PL

W artykule omówiono najlepsze dostępne techniki (BAT) dla przemysłu odlewniczego związane z wdrażaniem Dyrektywy IPPC. Zostały przedyskutowane, z punktu widzenia oddziaływania na środowisko, następujące etapy procesu odlewniczego: topienie i obróbka ciekłego metalu, przygotowanie mas formierskich i rdzeni, zalewanie ciekłego metalu do formy, wybijanie odlewów oraz ich obróbka wykańczająca. W przypadku odlewni głównymi problemami środowiskowymi jest emisja do powietrza, efektywne wykorzystanie surowców i energii oraz redukcja odpadów z wykorzystaniem recyklingu.