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Effects of ecological restoration patterns on runoff and sediment in an abandoned coal mine of Southern China

Li Hao, Chen Wenbo, Zhang Cheng, He Lei, Liang Haifen, Li Haifeng, Liu Dingpu

Environment Protection Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 49, nr 4

29--44

EN

Evaluating the ecological economic benefits of different ecological restoration patterns in abandoned mines is important in ecological restoration study. Taking the abandoned coal mine in Luoshi Township of Fengcheng county, Jiangxi province, as a case, 4 different ecological restoration patterns (grapefruit with grass vegetation – Pattern I, pine with grass vegetation – Pattern II, grapefruit – Pattern III, and bare slope – Pattern IV) have been conducted to study the runoff and sediment yield under natural rainfall conditions. The results showed that the ecological restoration patterns and rainfall intensity can significantly affect runoff and sediment yield which increased as rainfall intensity increased: Pattern IV > Pattern III > Pattern II > Pattern I. For the optimal ecological restoration with Pattern I, the average runoff and sediment reduction was 59.01 and 77.1%, respectively, in all rainfall intensities. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that runoff and sediment were significantly affected by ecological restoration pattern and rainfall intensity (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis of runoff and sediment yields indicated that the reduction effect on sediment yield increased with the decrease of runoff, and the relationships between runoff and sediment at different ecological restoration patterns could be fitted with a linear function. Moreover, the vegetation configuration that combines fruit farming with grass can be not only beneficial to control soil and water conservation but produce considerable economic and ecological benefits.

2

Quantifying ecosystem service interactions to support environmental restoration in a tropical semi arid basin

Raji Saheed A., Odunuga Shakirudeen, Fasona Mayowa

Acta Geophysica

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2021

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Vol. 69, no. 5

1813--1841

EN

Understanding the role of ecosystem services (ESs) within environmental management has become a critical issue of the twenty-first century. This is because scientific study of ES interactions can aid effective planning and management of ESs, thus curtailing degradation and enhancing restoration. In this study, ES interactions of the climate-sensitive West African Sokoto-Rima basin were quantified using land cover and a series of GIS-derived data as inputs into the InVEST model. Crop production (CP), seasonal water yield (SWY), habitat quality (HQ), and nutrient retention ratio (NRR) between 1992 and 2015 were assessed. Climate change assessment was based Mann–Kendall trend of precipitation and temperature for both past (1951–2017) and future (2018–2050) climates. The climate dynamics present a drying-warming trend with localized cooling–warming spells in some locations and a general future wetting–warming trend. Areas dominated by cropland and CP exert significant influence on the spatiotemporal dynamics of ES interactions contributing to the manifestation of substantial trade-offs and synergies across the past (2015) and the future (2050) climates. This also regulates the overbearing pattern of multiple ES interactions such that the relationship CP>SWY>HQ>EVI>NRR was observed over the study area. The persistence of these diverse relationships will stimulate the possible degradation of natural regulating ESs. Improvement of existing crop cultivation clusters, cultivation of food-resistant crop varieties, and agroforestry expansion were proposed as climate and ESs interaction-based restoration measures. When adopted, these measures will douse the increasing ES pressures within this semi-arid zone.

3

The proposal to transform an old limestone quarry into a botanical garden with a rainforest zone: a case study

Słonina Daria, Kusza Grzegorz, Mikołajów Mateusz

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2019

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Vol. 28, No. 1

131--142

EN

Nowadays, a significant part of cities is tackling the problems with post-mining areas. This manuscript is an original research which shows possibilities of their reclamation. The aim of the article is to present the proposal of developing the closed limestone quarry and creating a botanical garden. The proposed spatial solutions allow for creating a new, tourist and recreation space, maintaining the natural heritage. The work also assumed carrying out a dendrological inventory, in order to determine the existing dendroflora. The required spatial, nature and communication analyses, which illustrate the current condition of the area and defi ne further design works, have also been carried out. The main idea of the project was to maintain the particular biodiversity, combined with regional culture and its continuous development. This type of assumption aims not only at protection of endangered species. It also has a great role in shaping the awareness of natural environment of various social groups. The creation of a rainforest substitute in the Opole Botanical Garden was possible through selection of the existing afforestation, considering its adaptation as well as through liquidation and introduction of new trees, shrubs, perennial and climbing plants, which shall emphasise the tropical landscape type by their shapes, texture and colours. The project includes many elements, which reflect the general image of humid rainforests. The planned vegetation in connection with the appropriately selected architecture shall undoubtedly influence visitors’ senses, transferring them to the ‘wild’ and mysterious part of the world.

4

Restytucja ekologiczna

Aniśko A.

Zieleń Miejska

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2016

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Nr 9

43--45

PL

Przy rozpoznaniu zaburzeń w funkcjonowaniu środowiska naturalnego rolą architektów krajobrazu jest zaproponowanie odpowiednich rozwiązań w ramach restytucji ekologicznej.

5

Accelerated steppe demutation (ecological restoration) as an effective method for restoration of the Crimean steppe landscapes

Wakhrusheva L., Wakhrushev B.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2013

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nr 20

45--50

EN

Accelerated steppe demutation (ecological restoration) is an effective method for restoration of the Crimean steppe landscapes. Critical state of steppe type of vegetation is analyzed, the slow rate of natural demutation is assessed, the urgency of measures for accelerated restoration of steppe habitats is argued for. Data on flora of steppe areas of the Kerch peninsula steppe used as the bank for seed material are provided, as well as the data of the vegetation at the areas chosen for accelerated restoration. The experiment on accelerated demutation has been conducted following the method by D.S. Dzybov with the author’s modifications.

PL

Artykuł omawia stan krytyczny roślinności naturalnej krymskich stepów, wskazuje na wolny przebieg naturalnej demutacji i uzasadnia konieczność prowadzenia prac przyśpieszających odradzanie się stepowych fitocenozów. Scharakteryzowano florę obszarów stepowych Półwyspu Kerczeńskiego służących za obszary źródłowe materiału nasiennego oraz stan roślinności w obrębie obszarów, wytypowanych do demutacji roślinności stepowej. Eksperymentalne prace demutacyjne wykonano wg zmodyfikowanej przez autorów metody D.S. Dzybowa.

6

Success of wild pear Pyrus pyraster (L.) Burgsd. in colonization of steep sunny slopes : an interdisciplinary study in the Bielinek Reserve (NW Poland)

Antkowiak W., Cedro A., Prajs B., Wolko Ł., Michalak M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 1

57-78

EN

A local population of Pyrus pyraster was studied in dry and warm habitats: xerothermic grasslands Potentillo-Stipetum capillatae and Adonido-Brachypodietum, as well as thermophilous oak forest Quercetum pubescentipetraeae in the forest-steppe Bielinek Reserve (NW Poland). Our aims were to assess: (1) the ability of this species to adapt to extremely dry sites, as a pioneer woody plant; (2) its phytosociological position; and (3) morphological variation and genetic diversity of the local population. The pear trees in Bielinek Reserve seem to reach an optimum in shrub communities of the class Rhamno-Prunetea, but tree age clearly indicates that the grasslands were colonized by wild pear trees already before the shrub communities developed. This indicates that P. pyraster can colonize very dry, eroded sites, such as steep sunny slopes covered by xerothermic grasslands. Wild pear trees form plant communities that are a seral stage followed by forest-shrub communities or thermophilous forests. The species in xerothermic shrub communities of the reserve shows a high constancy. It is also very resistant to extreme temperatures, insolation, drought, and erosion. Its tree-ring width (on average 1.1 mm per year) was strongly related to precipitation and temperature in spring and summer. High precipitation resulted in wider tree rings, while dry years (associated with high air temperature) caused a decrease in tree-ring width. Another significant factor is precipitation in winter, which had a positive influence on tree-ring width. Microsatellite markers revealed a high level of genetic diversity in this population. Our results suggest that wild pear can be recommended for afforestation of areas affected by droughts and disturbed sites in Central Europe. It can be used to increase the heterogeneity of the landscape, e.g. by creation of forest ecotones and for planting along roads and field margins, especially considering the predicted climate change.