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1

Removal of Fouling from Steel Plate Surfaces Based on Multi-Frequency Eco-Friendly Ultrasonic Guided Wave Technology

Huang Mingkun, Jin Shuo, Nie Gaoqian, Wang Xiaopeng, Zhang Quanpeng, An Yang, Qu Zhigang, Yin Wuliang

Archives of Acoustics

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2023

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Vol. 48, No. 4

593--601

EN

Fouling is inevitable on the surfaces of industrial equipment, especially on heat-exchanging surfaces in contact with fluids, which causes water pollution and destroys the ecological environment. In this paper, a novel fouling-removal methodology for plate structure based on cavitation by multi-frequency ultrasonic guided waves is proposed, which can remove fouling on stainless steel plates. A numerical simulation method has been developed to study the acoustic pressure distribution on a steel plate. According to the simulation results, the distribution of sound pressure on the plate under triple-frequency excitation is denser and more prone to cavitation than in single-frequency cases and dual-frequency cases, which improves fouling removal rate. The stainless steel plate is immersed in water for the descaling experiment, and the results show that the fouling removal rates of three water-loaded stainless steel plates under different single-frequency excitation seem unsatisfactory. However, the multi-frequency excitation improves the descaling performance and the removal rate of fouling reaches 80%. This new method can be applied to the surface descaling of large equipment plates, which is of great significance for purifying water quality and protecting the ecological environment.

2

Slowing the consumption - from the perspective of Spanish biology students

Ramírez Valencia Tatiana, Ruiz Padilla José Francisco

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

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2022

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T. 26, cz. 1

31--42

EN

Consumerism is a very important issue today because of its exponential growth and its influence on the environment. Because of this, numerous movements have appeared that try to focus on slowing down the ecosystems transformation, such as green consumerism. It is very important to recognise the right green behaviour and to know the recommendations for the future in order to improve the present situation. The opinion of young people studying biology may give us some clues about the thinking of slowing consumption. The paper also gives an opinion of scientists’ way of thinking of this.

PL

Konsumpcjonizm jest dziś bardzo ważną kwestią ze względu na jego wykładniczy wzrost i wpływ na środowisko. Z tego powodu pojawiły się liczne ruchy, które próbują przekonać ludzi do spowalniania transformacji ekosystemów, przykładem może być np. zielony konsumpcjonizm. Aby poprawić obecną sytuację, bardzo ważne jest rozpoznanie właściwych ekologicznych zachowań i poznanie zaleceń na przyszłość. Opinia młodych ludzi studiujących biologię może dać wskazówki na temat zgody na spowalnianie konsumpcji. Artykuł przedstawia również opinię naukowców na ten temat.

3

Application of the pentagonal W-ECO model for manufacturing based on "SDGs"

Tanabe Ikuo

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, No. 1

25--42

EN

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were proposed to ensure the well-being of everyone on earth, a purpose to which all the fields, including manufacturing, must contribute. However, although industry is implementing this laudable concept in a piecemeal fashion, it is currently unlikely to achieve all 169 targets in the 17 Goals by the SDG deadline of 2030. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative achievement indicators and effective evaluation methods are needed to achieve the 17 goals of the SDGs when developing industrial products. Therefore, in this study, the manufacturing in response to the 17 goals and the 169 targets of the SDGs is considered, and the application of the pentagonal W-ECO model for manufacturing based on the SDGs was proposed. First, the current situation of manufacturing was considered from an environmental perspective, which is also important for the SGDs. Secondly, product’s lifespan which is deeply related to the environment, was discussed in terms of the correlation between time, technology and environment, and "Re" technology was proposed to extend product's lifespan and save resources. Then three cases of development for environmental conservation were introduced to understand the current situation, and it was confirmed that the new technologies in the three cases can contribute to the achievement of SDGs, however the degree of their contribution couldn't be evaluated quantitatively. Finally, the previous three cases using the proposed pentagonal W-ECO model quantitatively evaluated and confirmed that the results of the evaluation provide a quantitative indicator for achieving the SDGs. As a result, the effectiveness of the pentagonal W-ECO model for manufacturing based on SDGs is evaluated.

4

Effect of the content of corn stalk fibres and additional heat treatment on properties of eco-friendly fibreboards bonded with lignosulphonate

Mihajlova Julia, Savov Viktor, Simeonov Tsvetan

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

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2022

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Vol. 65, nr 209

art. no. 1644-3985.395.06

EN

This study aims to find the possibility of producing eco-friendly thin Medium Density Fibrepanels (MDF) with the participation of corn stalk fibres and using lignosulphonate as a bio-based binder. The main novelty in the research is the establishment of the effect of additional heat treatment on the properties of MDF manufactured with the participation of non-wood lignocellulosic raw materials and bonded with bio-based adhesive – lignosulphonate. Panels with 15% lignosulphonate content and variation of the content of corn stalk fibres from 0% to 30% were manufactured. Previous experiments showed that when only lignosulfonate is used as a binder, the manufactured panels generally have low waterproofness. To reduce the effect of this main disadvantage, the panels were subjected additionally to heat treatment. The properties of the MDF with and without additional heat treatment were compared. The effect of both the content of corn stalk fibres and the additional heat treatment was found. As a whole, the additional heat treatment improves the properties of MDF produced with lignosulphonate. Still, in case of increased content of corn stalk fibres, it is necessary to apply softened regimes than the ones selected for this study.

5

A study on extending technologies lifespan for the environment safety

Labidi Amal, Tanabe Ikuo, Takahashi Satoshi

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 21, No. 1

109--120

EN

In recent decades, the technological devices have become a big burden for the environment. In fact, the production processes are depleting the natural resources and the end-of-life processes are emitting big amounts of heavy pollutants and toxic gases. Today, there is an agreement among researchers that the environmental issues must be considered from a life cycle perspective. In order to reduce the negative impacts of technologies on the environment, the best scenario would be to extend their lifespan. However, an old device, is usually linked to low performances, low profit for the manufacturer, additional reparation costs, high risks, etc. In this paper, the Double-Eco (DE) model, an evaluation platform of the compromise between the performances, cost, ecology, safety and lifespan is developed. Also, the environmental impacts of the lifespan are highlighted through the example of personal computers (PCs) and the DE model is applied to three types of grease lubrication as case of study. The results show that (1) evaluating a technology with all its aspects is efficient when deciding whether to extend its lifespan (2) based on the DE model, the lubrication with the longest lifespan has a better evaluation than the two other studied cases.

6

Characterisation and Reverse Engineering of Eco-Friendly Historical Mortar: Qasr Tuba, Desert Castles in Jordan

Ghrair Ayoup M., Said Adi J., Aldaoud Naela, Miqdadi Riham, Ahmad Ahmad A. L.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 3

121--134

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mineral composition of the historical mortars of Qasr Tuba and to re-produce them for the restoration process. The mortar samples were collected from the foundation and walls of Qasr Tuba. The chemical and mineral composition of the mortar was determined using several techniques. In addition, the quantitative minerals content was recalculated for the mortar samples utilizing the material balances equation. Moreover, 12 mixtures of mortar were prepared and tested for fresh and hardened properties, according to their respective national and international standards. The results revealed that two types of mortar were used: (i) the lime-based mortar was used for the foundation and joint mortars in the lower parts of the building walls with a gypsum-hydrated lime ratio of 1:3; and (ii) the gypsum-based mortar was used as joint mortar in the upper parts of the building walls for baked bricks at a gypsum-hydrated lime ratio of 4:1. A pozzolanic reaction in the Qasr Tuba mortar produced a new formation of Xonotlite, Stratlingite, and calcium aluminium hydrate as a secondary cementing mineral. In conclusion, the use of hydraulic lime mortar was considered for building an environment for capturing the CO2 gas.

7

Optimization and validation of Eco-friendly RP-HPLC and univariate spectrophotometric methods for the simultaneous determination of Fluorometholone and Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride

Essam Hebatallah M., Saad Martin N., Elzanfaly Eman S., Amer Sawsan M.

Acta Chromatographica

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2021

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Vol. 33, no. 3

216--227

EN

A sensitive RP-HPLC method is presented for the simultaneous quantification of Fluorometholone (FLM) and Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (THZ). The method has the advantages of being rapid, accurate, reproducible, ecologically acceptable and sensitive. The separation utilized C8 Xbridge® column and mobile phase mixture of Acetonitrile/phosphate buffer pH 3 ± 0.1 (70:30, v/v) with UV detection at 230 nm. Stepwise optimization and factors affecting separation are properly discussed. Different factors were optimized such as stationary phase, selection of organic solvent and its content, buffer pH and concentration, flow rate, elution type and detection wavelength. The studied drugs were efficiently separated in 3.4 min with high resolution. Also, two univariate spectrophotometric methods have been optimized for the quantification of the studied drugs. Method 1: dual wavelength for THZ and iso-absorptive point for FLM, Method 2: ratio difference (RD) for THZ and first derivative FLM utilizing methanol as a solvent. These methods are accurate, precise with minimal data manipulation. Greenness of the methods was estimated using eco-scale tool where the presented methods were found to be excellent green with eco-score of 83 for HPLC and 80 for spectrophotometry. The methods are validated in conformance with ICH guidelines, with acceptable accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The suggested methods can be employed for the economic analysis of THZ and FLM in their pure form and binary ophthalmic formulation, that can be employed by quality control laboratories.

8

Green corrosion inhibitors. A review

Gruca Arkadiusz, Greczek-Stachura Magdalena

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2019

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Vol. 40, nr 1

19--24

EN

Corrosion is a significant issue in wide range of fields, including but not limited to: oil and gas industry, water and land transportation, and sewage systems. Destruction of materials exposed to environment is closely related to corrosion. Pipelines and other metal elements exposed to freshwater, seawater, sewage, soil or harsh environmental conditions are especially susceptible to corrosion. Repairing damage caused by corrosion process costs billions of dollars a year. One of the main corrosion prevention methods is to use corrosion inhibitors. Chemical agents and biocides used as corrosion inhibitors are often highly toxic and pose a serious threat to human health and natural environment. Eco-friendly, low cost, and non-toxic alternative is to use natural, green corrosion inhibitors, such as fruits, fruits waste, seeds or leaves extracts, chitosan etc. These natural substances are a reach source of antioxidants, flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates and biocides. Studies show that the use of natural extracts is highly cost-effective and practical technique in the fight against corrosion. Commercial use of green corrosion inhibitors could contribute to substantial savings in infrastructure maintenance costs. This study aims to exemplify natural surfactants that could be used as non-toxic, cheap and effective corrosion inhibitors.

PL

Niszczenie materiałów wystawianych na działanie warunków środowiskowych jest ściśle związane z procesem korozji. Jedną z głównych metod zapobiegania temu procesowi jest stosowanie inhibitorów. Wiele powszechnie używanych substancji charakteryzuje duża toksyczność dla człowieka oraz dla środowiska. Dobrą alternatywą dla takich środków są naturalne inhibitory korozji ekstrahowane z różnych części roślin. Badania dowodzą, że naturalne ekstrakty roślinne skutecznie hamują korozję, a niektóre wykazują także właściwości biobójcze, pomocne w walce z biokorozją. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie naturalnych ekstraktów, które mogą zostać wykorzystane w zapobieganiu korozji.

9

Multifunctional Finishing of Cotton Fabric

Aslam Sameen, Hussain Tanveer, Ashraf Munir, Tabassum Madeeha, Rehman Abdur, Iqbal Kashif, Javid Amjed

Autex Research Journal

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2019

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Vol. 19, no. 2

191--200

EN

The research in textiles is being driven by ecology, economy, and functionality. Therefore, the present research is focused on the development of multifunctional textiles that consume minimum energy during their processing, eco-friendly chemicals for functionalization, and use short processing steps. Eco-friendly cross-linkers such as butanetetracarboxylic acid and zinc oxide nanoparticles are used to impart wrinkle recovery, antibacterial activity, ultraviolet (UV) protection, bending rigidity, and antistatic properties to cotton fabric just in one step. The treated fabric has been characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffractometer. Wrinkle recovery, tear strength, antibacterial activity, UV protection, and antistatic properties were tested with AATCC 66-1990, ASTM D 1224, AATCC 147, AATCC 183, and UNI EN 1149, respectively. The treated fabric shows excellent functional properties up to 20 washing cycles.

10

The analysis of environmental and human impacts of using Strong Alkaline Water for cooling during machining

Da Silva P., Tanabe I., Junior D. C. R., Takahashi S.

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 18, No. 1

45--60

EN

An eco-friendly manufacturing approach is important for the environment. Enhancing machining performances is not only required to improve product’s quality, time saving, and reduces costs; it is also contributed to the environmental protection efforts. Cooling is important aspect for obtaining this purpose. Therefore the benefits of Strong Alkaline Water (SAW) cooling method was assessed and compared with conventional wet cutting method. An experiment was performed at Nagaoka University of Technology machining centre. Three machine tools including a milling machine, a drilling machine and a turning machine were used. The study shows that using SAW for cooling is far more efficient than conventional cooling method. It reduces annual global warming potential by 72.95%, acidification potential 98.18%, ozone depletion potential 99.6%, smog formation potential 85.71% and human toxicity potential 42.86% compare with conventional method. The study concludes that besides inhibiting corrosion, prolonging tool life, improving surface roughness of final cutting and reducing energy usage, strong alkaline water cooling is an environmentally friendly approach and has positive impact on human health.

11

Assessment of Eco-Friendly Natural Antimicrobial Textile Finish Extracted from Aloe Vera and Neem Plants

Khurshid M. F., Ayyoob M., Asad M., Shah S. N. H.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2015

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Vol. 23, no. 6 (114)

120--123

EN

The aim of the present work was to assess an eco friendly natural antimicrobial textile finish extracted from Aloe gel and Neem plants. Extracted Aloe gel and active substance of Neem were mixed in a mordant to form a finish. Bleached cotton samples were treated with 5, 7, and 10% concentrations of Aloe gel and Neem separately. The same samples were then treated with a hybrid combination of Aloe gel and Neem (HCAN) extracts having 5, 7 and 10% concentrations. These finished samples were subjected to an antibacterial activity test against E. coli and S. aureus, an antifungal activity test against Aspergillus Niger, and a test of their durability of antibacterial finish fastness to washing by standard test methods. It was found that the hybrid combination of Aloe gel and Neem (HCAN) was an effective antibacterial and antifungal agent as compared to Aloe gel and Neem separately. It also showed good durability to washing.

PL

Ekstrakty z żelu aloesowego i aktywnych substancji miodli indyjskiej mieszano w zaprawie barwiarskiej dla uzyskania gotowej preparacji. Bielone bawełniane próbki nasycano roztworem o stężeniu 5%, 7% i 10% żelu aloesowego i miodli indyjskiej. Te same próbki były następnie nasycane preparacją hybrydową zawierającą obydwa składniki o tym samym stężeniu. Uzyskane próbki poddano badaniom antybakteryjnym przeprowadzając testy przeciwko E. coli i S. aureus, i antygrzybicznej aktywności przeciwko Aspergillus niger. Niezależnie od tego przeprowadzano próby trwałości preparacji antybakteryjnych po praniu w standardowych warunkach. Stwierdzono, że preparacja hybrydowa obydwu składników była aktywniejsza zarówno w stosunku do bakterii i grzybów niż preparacje z użyciem jednego tylko składnika.

12

Greening of the Textile and Clothing Industry

Eryuruk S. H.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2012

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Vol. 20, no. 6A (95)

22--27

EN

Today consumers are becoming more aware of the need to protect the environment, and companies use these terms to promote their goods or services with eco-labels. Environmentally friendly (also eco-friendly, nature friendly, and green) are terms used to refer to goods and services, laws, guidelines and policies claiming to inflict minimal or no harm on the environment. Clothing is an integral part of our lives and green or environmental concerns have started to draw more and more attention in the textile and clothing sector . This paper analysed how green the textile and clothing industry is with respect to the product lifecycle, from raw material through the design, production and logistics up to disposal in order to point out important points and parameters for greening the industry.

PL

W dzisiejszych czasach konsumenci stają sie coraz bardziej świadomi potrzeby ochrony środowiska, firmy natomiast korzystają z tego w celu promowania swoich towarów i usług za pośrednictwem znaków certyfikacyjnych. "Przyjazny środowisku" to termin odnoszący się do produktów, usług i procesów, które w minimalnym stopniu zagrażają środowisku. Odzież jest integralną częścią naszego życia, dlatego coraz więcej uwagi poświęcane jest sprawom ochrony środowiska w sektorze tekstylno-odzieżowym. W artykule przeanalizowano wpływ ochrony środowiska w przemyśle tekstylno-odzieżowym w odniesieniu do cyklu życia produktu, od surowca poprzez projektowanie, produkcję i logistykę, aż do gospodarki odpadami w celu wskazania czynności ważnych dla przemysłu z punktu widzenia ochrony środowiska.