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1

Synthesis of the structural diagram with algorithms of the units of the on-board diagnostic system of induction motors of vehicles

Gubarevych Oleg, Melkonova Inna, Melkonov Hryhorii, Melnyk Olha, Miroshnykova Mariia

Diagnostyka

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2024

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Vol. 25, No. 1

art. no. 2024109

EN

In this comprehensive study, the concept and structural diagram of the system for diagnostics of induction electric motors of vehicles with the development of algorithms for the operation of modular units for monitoring the state of the main structural elements are proposed. During the development of the diagnostic system, the peculiarities of the construction of diagnostic systems of rotating electric machines were investigated in the real conditions of their operation, and modern methods of current and vibration diagnostics were implemented. The work algorithms of each module are presented in the functional diagram of the general diagnostic system of and cover important defects of induction motors. The diagnostic system combines methods that use different diagnostic principles and criteria and are adapted for use in an embedded diagnostic system. The developed functional diagram of the diagnostic system can be used for practical implementation in physical form. The use of the proposed diagnostic system will make it possible to obtain continuous information about the state of both electrical and mechanical components of the induction motor when operating under load with a poor-quality power system in real operating conditions.

2

Fault detection and diagnosis of photovoltaic system based on neural networks approach

Rahmoune Ben Mohamed, Iratni Abdelhamid, Amari Amel Sabrine, Hafaifa Ahmed, Colak Ilhami

Diagnostyka

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, No. 3

art. no. 2023303

EN

Solar energy has become one of the most important renewable energies in the world. With the increasing installation of power plants in the world, the supervision and diagnosis of photovoltaic systems have become an important challenge with the increased occurrence of various internal and external faults. Indeed, this work proposes a new solar power plant diagnosis based on the artificial neural network approach. The developed model was to improve the performance and reliability of the power plant located in Tamanrasset, Algeria, which is subjected to varying weather conditions in terms of radiation and ambient temperature. By using the real data collected from the studied system, this approach allow to increase electricity production and address any issues that may arise quickly, ensuring uninterrupted power supply for the region. Neural networks have shown interesting results with high accuracy. This fault diagnosis approach allows to determine the time of occurrence of a fault affecting the examined PV system. Also, allow an early detection of failures and degradation of the system, which contributes to improving the productivity of this photovoltaic installation. With a significant reduction in the time needed to repair the damage caused by these faults and improve the reliability and continuity of the electrical energy production service.

3

UNIKONT 2 – nowy system monitoringu maszyn wirujących

Szubert Wojciech, Bonikowski Grzegorz

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2022

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R. 90, nr 11

27--29

PL

W artykule przedstawiono nową koncepcję monitoringu maszyn wirujących jako integralny system pomiarowy umieszczony w kasecie automatyki 6U. Przeglądowo omówiono elementy składowe systemu wraz z ich parametrami. Określono realizowane pomiary oraz funkcjonalności nowych modułów wykonawczych.

EN

The article presents a new concept of monitoring system for rotating machinery as an integral measuring system placed in a 6U automation cassette. System components and their parameters are discussed in this paper. The performed measurements and functionalities of the new executive modules were defined in this paper.

4

Monitoring, diagnosis and localization of the partial shading fault in a photovoltaic power plant with an approach by artificial neural networks

Saada Zakarya, Zebirate Soraya

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 12

182--186

EN

This paper aims to propose a useful modeling diagnostic method for solar plants. The study was performed on the basis of the localization of the failing panel obtained by an effective comparison of measured output voltages and estimator voltages. The comparison is done with the ideal solar plant using learning approach based on artificial neuronal network (ANN). The partial shading failure was detected by the given equation d²ΔV/dI²>0. The obtained results using MATLAB/Simulink environment show a satisfactory performance in terms of rapidity and precision under variable shading conditions.

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaproponowanie użytecznej metody diagnostycznej modelowania dla elektrowni słonecznych. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie lokalizacji uszkodzonego panelu uzyskanej poprzez efektywne porównanie zmierzonych napięć wyjściowych i napięć estymatorów. Porównanie jest dokonywane z idealną elektrownią słoneczną przy użyciu podejścia uczenia opartego na sztucznej sieci neuronowej (ANN). Częściowe zacienienie zostało wykryte za pomocą podanego równania d²ΔV/dI²>0. Uzyskane wyniki w środowisku MATLAB/Simulink wykazują zadowalające działanie pod względem szybkości i precyzji w zmiennych warunkach zacienienia.

5

Structural diagram of the built-in diagnostic system for electric drives of vehicles

Gubarevych Oleg, Goolak Sergey, Melkonova Inna, Yurchenko Mariia

Diagnostyka

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2022

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Vol. 23, No. 4

art. no. 2022406

EN

Currently, in transport systems, as part of the main and auxiliary equipment, a large number of induction motors with a squirrel-cage rotor of different capacities are used. Their wide application in the transport industry is associated with the main advantages over other types of machines – a fairly high reliability, low cost and ease of maintenance. However, during the operation of these motors, a number of malfunctions can occur that affect the deterioration of the performance of the entire drive, the accuracy of its functions, or accelerate an emergency stop. To ensure proper control of the technical condition of electric motors, modern diagnostic systems are required that operate in real-time and operational loading mode with the transmission of data on the instantaneous state of the main control elements. The paper proposes a block diagram of the diagnostic built-in system and developed a modular unit for it to set the type and degree of the most complex damage - inter-turn short circuit in the stator winding.

6

ORTOPIEZOMETR – Piezoelektryczny system sensoryczny do badań rozkładu nacisku stóp na podłoże w warunkach naturalnych

Klimiec Ewa, Guzdek Piotr, Kołaszczyński Grzegorz, Piekarski Jacek, Grzesiak Wojciech, Szołtysik Krzysztof, Szołtysik Wojciech, Jasiewicz Barbara

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 2

43--46

PL

Wady stóp są powszechnie występującym zjawiskiem zwłaszcza u dzieci i stanowią poważny problem medyczno - społeczny. Do rozwoju wad stóp przyczynia się brak wiedzy i świadomości rodziców na temat profilaktyki wad postawy ciała. W tym kontekście analiza rozkładu nacisku stóp na podłoże w warunkach naturalnych (dynamicznych) może wspomagać diagnostykę wad stóp i postawy ciała. Celem realizowanego projektu jest opracowanie nowoczesnego systemu do badań rozkładu nacisku stóp i położenia ciała w warunkach naturalnych na bazie opracowanej wcześniej i opatentowanej wkładki diagnostycznej do obuwia. Opracowany system diagnostyczno – rehabilitacyjny będzie przystosowany do wykorzystania w telemedycynie.

EN

Foot defects are a common phenomenon especially in children and constitute a serious medical and social problem. The lack of knowledge and awareness of parents about the prevention of body posture defects contributes to the development of foot defects. In this context, the analysis of the distribution of foot pressure on the ground in natural (dynamic) conditions may support the diagnosis of foot defects and body posture. The goal of the project is to develop a modern system for testing the distribution of foot pressure and body position in natural conditions based on a previously developed and patented diagnostic insert for footwear. Developed the diagnostic and rehabilitation system will be adapted for use in telemedicine.

7

The causes and prevention of rolling bearing overheating of the axle box in the freight wagons while driving

Sobaś Marek

Pojazdy Szynowe

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2021

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Nr 1

44--57

EN

The article presents the problems related to the reasons of rolling bearings overheating of the freight wagons during operation. This question is significant as being related to driving safety. It affects the safety of the rolling stock and railway infrastructure. Hence, it may be concluded that attention should be paid to the quality of the bearing node assembly and to a diagnostic system located along the railway infrastructure, designed to detect the overheated rolling bearings.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę związaną z przyczynami przegrzania łożysk tocznych w wagonach towarowych podczas eksploatacji. Zagadnienie to jest o tyle ważne, że związane jest ono z bezpieczeństwem jazdy. Wpływa ono na bezpieczeństwo kursującego taboru oraz infrastruktury kolejowej. Stąd wynika następny wniosek, aby zwrócić uwagę na jakość montażu węzła łożyskowego oraz na system diagnostyczny, przeznaczony do wykrywania przegrzanych łożysk tocznych, rozmieszczony wzdłuż infrastruktury.

8

Boiler Diagnostic Systems - nowe rozwiązanie w diagnostyce kotłów przemysłowych

Reczulski Mariusz

Przegląd Papierniczy

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2020

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R. 76, nr 3

154--156

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano nowe sposoby i rozwiązania w diagnozowaniu funkcjonowania kotłów w instalacjach przemysłowych. Referował je Adam Ossera podczas specjalistycznego seminarium pn. "Szkolenie dla użytkowników i sympatyków technologii Valmet DNA" (PP 12/2019 s. 744-746). Skoncentrowano się na systemie diagnostycznym "Boiler Diagnostic Systems", który znacznie podnosi bezpieczeństwo użytkowania oraz zwiększa efektywność spalania paliwa w kotłach.

9

Potrzeby i możliwości udoskonalenia systemów diagnozujących okrętowych silników spalinowych o zapłonie samoczynnym

Girtler Jerzy

Journal of Polish CIMEEAC

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2020

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Vol. 15, no 1

24--45

PL

W artykule przedstawiono ogólnie własności współczesnych systemów diagnozujących (SDG) okrętowych siników głównych o zapłonie samoczynnym, potrzeby zastosowania SDG do sterowania procesem eksploatacji tych silników i propozycje udoskonalenia SDG dla potrzeb realizacji racjonalnej eksploatacji tego rodzaju silników. Zwrócono uwagę na potrzebę uwzględnienia we wnioskowaniu diagnostycznych wiarygodności diagnozy. Przedstawiono też korzyści wynikające z zastosowana w procesie decyzyjnym statystycznej teorii decyzji. Zasygnalizowano duży postęp w rozwoju systemów diagnozujących silników głównych na przykładzie systemów CoCoS firmy MAN SE (Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg)oraz CBM firmy Wärtsilä Corporation.

10

Nowa koncepcja systemu monitoringu maszyn wirujących

Bonikowski Grzegorz

Energetyka

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2020

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nr 12

666--668

PL

W artykule w skróconej formie omówiono obecny stan techniki monitoringu maszyn wirujących. Pokazano rozwiązania stosowane w Instytucie Automatyki Systemów Energetycznych. Wykazano potrzebę opracowywania nowych rozwiązań systemowych. Przedstawiono założenia nowej koncepcji systemu monitoringu maszyn wirujących.

EN

Discussed is – in a shortened form – the present condition of rotating machines monitoring technology. Shown are solutions applied in the Instytut Automatyki Systemów Energetycznych. Proved is the need of constant elaboration of new systems' solutions. Presented are assumptions for a new concept of the rotating machines monitoring system.

11

Modern measures of risk reduction in industrial processes

Kościelny Jan Maciej, Syfert Michał, Fajdek Bartłomiej

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems

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2019

|

Vol. 13, No. 1

20--29

EN

The article describes standard safety-protection layers according to EN 61511 standard. Their aim is to reduce risk, thus to decrease the frequency of occurrence of threatening incidents and/or consequences of such incidents. The aim of the article was to present currently developed means of increasing process safety, which are not included in the standards. There are described: advisory diagnostic systems, fault tolerant control systems, process simulators for operators training and IT systems supporting safety. Such components can be treated as additional layers of process protection. A simple example comparing the operation of alarm and diagnostic systems as well as the example of the fault tolerant control system of the level in the drum boiler in sugar factory are given.

12

Analysis of selected simulated failure of a reciprocating compressor using computer diagnostic system

Krakowski R.

Journal of KONES

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2018

|

Vol. 25, No. 2

191--198

EN

In the article, the problems of selected failures that may occur during operation of positive displacement compressors and possible reasons for their occurrence were described. It also included methods for checking performance and diagnostics, with particular emphasis on research using an electronic indicator. Possible mechanical damages of air compressors for various applications have also been characterized. Non-destructive diagnostic methods were described to detect and diagnose damage, taking into account their suitability and limitations in their application. In the further part of the article selected tests results of air compressor, specially adapted to simulation of failures were presented. The test stand has been equipped with sensors for measuring the pressure and temperature of the compressed gas and the sensor of the angular position of the compressor shaft, allowing examining the impact of damage on compressor working parameters. The result of the research was to compare the compressor indicator diagrams in the operational condition, with the simulated failure, and between different failures and to learn the changes of processes taking place inside the cylinder during the compressor’s work cycle. All the test results could be observed in real time, besides the diagnostic software, supporting the tests, made it possible to record measurements. In the described software, it is possible to compare the courses for different cases, to then make a comparative analysis of the results obtained in the state of functional and simulated disability.

13

Diagnostyka wspierająca elastyczną eksploatację bloków klasy 200 MW

Trzeszczyński J.

Dozór Techniczny

|

2018

|

z. 1

28--38

PL

Wsród wymagań stawianych blokom energetycznym najważniejsze są wymagania techniczne, decydują bowiem o ich dyspozycyjności. Dla bloków klasy 200 MW, które w przyszłości jeszcze bardziej niż obecnie bedą stabilizować Krajowy System Elektroenergetyczny wysoka dyspozycyjność będzie najbardziej pożądaną cechą. Zapewnić ją może tylko wiedza z odpowiednio zorganizowanej i wykonywanej diagnostyki oraz kreowany na jej podstawie maintenance posiadający odpowiedni zakres i poziom przy akceptowalnych kosztach. W tym celu opracowano kompletny system diagnostyczny, który integruje prognozowanie trwałości i predykcję awarii, uwzględniając warunki eksploatacji ponad 30 bloków klasy 200 MW.

14

Diagnostic and management system specified for control of engine equipped with the HCCI combustion technology

Puškár M., Kopas M., Puškár D.

Diagnostyka

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2018

|

Vol. 19, No. 4

39--44

EN

On the present there is very intensively emphasized the environmental protection, which is also connected with reduction of emissions produced by the vehicles. The actual European emission standard EURO 6 will be replaced very soon with the new and even stricter standard EURO 7. There is a well-known fact that the new regulations are demanding with regard to the NOX emissions. However, there is at disposal a suitable technical solution, namely in the form of an innovative engine technology, which is called the HCCI. A principle of this technology consists in a self-ignition of the homogenous air-fuel mixture using the compression process. Combustion of the mixture is performed in the whole compression volume without a spark ignition, whereby the NOX emission level is almost negligible. However, this technology is also characterised by several serious problems, for example there is occurring a complication concerning control of the self-ignition phenomenon. The presented article introduces an original diagnostic system, which enables to control the whole self-ignition system and in this way to ensure a reliable operation of the HCCI engine. This system is patented now as well as it was tested in an experimental vehicle built for the international competition “shell eco marathon”.

15

Robust diagnostics of complex chemical processes: main problems and possible solutions

Kościelny J. M., Syfert M.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2018

|

Vol. 39, nr 2

165–-183

EN

The paper is aimed at presenting a study of the main limitations and problems influencing the robustness of diagnostic algorithms used in diagnostics of complex chemical processes and to present the selected exemplary solutions of how to increase it. The five major problems were identified in the study. They are associated with: uncertainties of fault detection and reasoning, changes of the diagnosed process structure, delays of fault symptoms formation and multiple faults. A brief description and exemplary solutions allowing increase of the robustness of diagnostic algorithms were given. Proposed methods were selected keeping in mind applicability for the on-line monitoring and diagnostics of complex chemical processes.

16

Diagnostic system for induction motor stator winding faults based on axial flux

Wolkiewicz M., Skowron M.

Power Electronics and Drives

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2017

|

Vol. 2 (37), No. 2

137--150

EN

The article presents the results of research on the use of an axial flux in the diagnostics of induction motor stator winding fed by a frequency converter. Voltage signal waveforms proportional to the axial flux were recorded during motor operation under various conditions and were analyzed with regard to the detection of stator winding short circuits. The taps of the selected coil turns of stator phases were introduced into the tested motor, which allowed to physical modelling inter-turn short circuits. The structure and operation of the computer system used to monitor the state of induction motor windings were discussed. The developed diagnostic system was made in the National Instruments LabVIEW environment. The analysis of faults of the axial flux was made in the detection of induction motor stator winding. The results of experimental research conducted using the developed diagnostic system have also been presented.

17

Operation of the electronic transport systems on within vast railway area

Paś J.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2017

|

Vol. 1, No 1

87--93

EN

The transport safety is a property of the transport process (movement of individuals and/or goods), characterized by absence of danger to life and health of individuals [1,2,10]. This process should represent a high reliability and safety. The measure of safety is certainty that components of the transport process will remain intact during operation, except for natural changes due to ageing and wear. To ensure a sufficient safety level, it is vital to employ the electronic transport systems which aim is to increase the safety of transferred individuals and goods. The electronic transport systems are designed to detect the threats that occur during the transport process (for both stationary and moving objects). This article presents influence of the electromagnetic interferences within vast railway area on the electronic transport systems with one transmission bus. These electromagnetic interferences are able to completely compromise the electronic system, induce the voltage in the transmission buses or in other components of the system and trigger the alarm (higher probability of false alarm). While operating the transport safety system, full spectrum of electromagnetic interferences should be taken into account. Due to complex behavior of the electromagnetic waves during penetration (propagation), influence of the electromagnetic interferences requires separate analyzes for different frequency bands.

18

Classification of elements in the diagnostic model of a technical object for building an expert knowledge base

Duer S., Pokoradi L., Bernatowicz D., Duer R.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2017

|

Vol. 1, No 1

71--78

EN

The following paper presents the problem of classification (identification) elements in the internal structure of a technical object. This problem is directly linked with diagnostics and compilation of an expert data base. The basis of a process of grouping elements into classes is to make a diagnostic model of a given object in a form of a structure or set of basic elements of an object. In order to conduct the grouping of elements into subsets of s-th classes, the following paper compiles and presents analytical formulas and classification rules. Theoretical considerations presented in this paper are also verified using an engine control system as an example of a complex technical object.

19

Maintenance diagnostics of transformers considering the influence of short-circuit currents during operation

Gutten M., Korenciak D., Kucera M., Sebok M., Opielak M., Zukowski P., Koltunowicz T. N.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2017

|

Vol. 19, no. 3

459--466

EN

Article presents theoretical, simulation and experimental analyses of possible effect of short-circuit forces on the transformer windings. The first part of the article is focused to the establishment and activity radial and axial forces during short circuit. It shows dimensions, direction and of course caused mechanical stress. Equation shows basic dependencies of these mechanical forces created in the transformer windings. The last part of the article is focused on the simulation method which shows the mechanical stress caused by the short-circuit currents on transformer. The paper presents experimental methods of diagnostics for analysis of the short circuit on transformer windings.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia teoretyczną, symulacyjną i doświadczalną analizę ewentualnych wpływów prądów zwarciowych na uzwojenia transformatorów. Pierwsza część artykułu koncentruje się na powstaniu i działaniu promieniowych i osiowych sił podczas zwarcia. Przedstawia rozmiary, kierunek i oczywiście powstałe naprężenia mechaniczne. Równanie pokazuje podstawowe zależności sił mechanicznych powstałych w uzwojeniach transformatora. Ostatnia część pracy dotyczy metody symulacji, która przedstawia naprężenia mechaniczne spowodowane przez prądy zwarciowe na transformatorze. Artykuł przedstawia eksperymentalne metody diagnostyki do analizy wpływu zwarcia na uzwojenia transformatora.

20

Diagnostyka obwodów elektrycznych magnesów nadprzewodzących

Wołoszyk M., Ziółko M., Swędrowski L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej

|

2016

|

Nr 50

103--107

PL

W ramach międzynarodowego projektu FAIR, którego uczestnikiem jest również Polska, budowany jest obecnie w Darmstad (Niemcy) akcelerator kołowy. Będzie on służyć do rozpędzania ciężkich jonów do prędkości bliskich prędkości światła. Akcelerator ten będzie zbudowany z magnesów nadprzewodzących co pozwoli m.in. na minimalizację strat energii elektrycznej. Utrzymanie magnesów akceleratora w stanie nadprzewodnictwa wymaga kontroli kluczowych jego parametrów zarówno przed pierwszym uruchomieniem jak i w trakcie eksploatacji. Na Wydziale Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej opracowywany jest obecnie system pomiarowo-diagnostyczny, który ma służyć do testowania stanu obwodów elektrycznych magnesów nadprzewodzących. W artykule przedstawiono wymagania stawiane przed systemem pomiarowym oraz koncepcję działania podsystemów do kontroli stanu izolacji oraz poprawności połączeń magnesów. Omówiono także wnioski wypływające z badań elementów systemu pomiarowego.

EN

Poland is a member of international project FAIR. The purpose of this project is construction of a circular accelerator of heavy ions in Darmstadt (Germany). The main part of the accelerator are superconducting magnets. Maintaining superconducting magnets capable of superconductivity requires precise control of the parameters before the first run and during their operation. For this purpose, the research team at the Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering of Gdansk University of Technology conducts research on specialized diagnostic and measurement system for testing electrical circuits of superconducting magnets in the project FAIR. This paper presents the requirements for diagnostic system and concept of hardware for subsystems testing the resistance insulation and cerrectness of electrical circuit of superconducting magnet. It also presents the conclusions from experimental research of essential system components.