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EN
Purpose: The purpose of this publication is to present the determinants of managerial competencies in the Leadership ecosystem 5.0. The identification of the elements of the Leadership ecosystem 5.0. and its characteristics were also performed. Design/methodology/approach: In the theoretical part, a critical literature analysis was conducted. This included international literature from major databases and Polish literature. Additionally, in order to identify research problems, a diagnostic survey method with Likert scale analysis was used. Findings: The research conducted was based on the authors' categorization of leadership competency areas. The most important competency areas were identified. Furthermore, the research results enabled the identification of criteria distinguishing a leader from a manager. Factors essential for the effective performance of the leader's role were presented. Additionally, indicators of competence within the context of the Leadership ecosystem 5.0 were highlighted. Research limitations/implications: The research is intended to be expanded in the future to include a more extensive and more diverse research sample. Practical implications: The research results and conclusions constitute implications for the development of competencies adequately matching the challenges of the Leadership ecosystem 5.0. The 5.0 Leadership ecosystem brings many benefits, such as increased efficiency, cost reduction, and sustainability. For managers responsible for team creation, member selection, and work organisation, the results and conclusions of the research are deemed a valuable information source aimed at enhancing the organisation's effectiveness. Originality/value: The article proposes an original model of the Leadership ecosystem 5.0. It presents the conceptualization process and characterizes the elements of this ecosystem.
EN
Leadership research is an essential part of all areas of organisational science worldwide, and there is still a lack of studies in this research area. The paper aims to determine leadership competency perceptions and their sub-competencies characteristics and determinants in the fourth industrial revolution era. The research survey, conducted in 2018-2021, covered a sample of 100 respondents from organisations from the Czech Republic. The most important competencies for leadership are effective communication, innovation, cooperation, creativity, solving problems, lifelong learning, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and motivation and support of others. We selected statistical methods ANOVA and linear regression for the characteristics of the respondents and the cluster analysis for the leaders’ 4.0 types determination. The linear regression results showed that age, the field of education, position in the organisation and tenure in the organisation of the respondents affect their assessment of the level of leadership competency. We identified three management types that are currently facing the challenges of Industry 4.0: ICT-oriented Junior Managers, Top 4.0 Prepared Leaders, and Non-Creative Unmotivated Senior Directors. The contribution of this paper is the in-depth study in the area of perceived levels of partial competencies for leadership for different criteria of respondents.
3
Content available Logistic Organization Personnel - General Issues
EN
The article contains a presentation of the results of analyses of studies relating to investing in the personnel of modern organizations. Conclusions from these analyses were related to the need to improve competences by the personnel of logistics companies. The conditions of their functioning and the resulting need to improve or acquire new knowledge and qualifications by employees were emphasized. The role of managers in the process of influencing personnel was highlighted, mainly in the context of creating work teams and striving for their high efficiency.
EN
The article examines the issue of double diplomas in the context of improving the quality of education, using the example of Polish universities. It analyses the educational market of universities in Poland. The implementation of international double degree programs affects the formation of the innovative educational environment of the university and contributes to the development of students’ set of key competencies and the formation of human capital. The article describes the advantages and disadvantages of participating in double degree programs for students, faculty, and higher education, in general. It further shows the influence of the double diploma program on the quality of training of highly qualified specialists. The development and implementation of double degree educational programs in practice correspond to the general strategic interests of the development of Polish universities in the modern educational space from the point of view of improving the quality of education and scientific research, increasing the competitiveness of universities and generally comply with the main principles and provisions of the Bologna process. An algorithm for the implementation of double diploma programs has been developed, which will contribute to the internationalization of higher education, and its integration into the world educational space.
PL
Artykuł analizuje problematykę podwójnych dyplomów w kontekście podnoszenia jakości kształcenia, na przykładzie polskich uczelni. Dokonano analizy rynku edukacyjnego szkół wyższych w Polsce. Realizacja międzynarodowych programów podwójnego dyplomu wpływa na kształtowanie innowacyjnego środowiska edukacyjnego uczelni oraz przyczynia się do rozwoju zestawu kompetencji kluczowych studentów i kształtowania kapitału ludzkiego. Opisano zalety i wady uczestnictwa w programach podwójnego dyplomu dla studentów, wykładowców i ogólnie szkolnictwa wyższego. Ujawniono wpływ programu podwójnego dyplomowania na jakość kształcenia wysoko wykwalifikowanych specjalistów. Rozwój i realizacja programów kształcenia dwustopniowego, w praktyce odpowiada ogólnym interesom strategicznym rozwoju polskich uczelni we współczesnej przestrzeni edukacyjnej. Z punktu widzenia podnoszenia jakości kształcenia i badań naukowych, a także podnoszenia konkurencyjności uczelni, należy przestrzegać głównych zasad i postanowień Procesu Bolońskiego. Opracowany został algorytm realizacji programów podwójnego dyplomowania, który przyczyni się do umiędzynarodowienia szkolnictwa wyższego i jego integracji ze światową przestrzenią edukacyjną
EN
Purpose: Change is nowadays becoming an intrinsic part of any organization’s functioning. The concept of a learning organization that can meet the requirements of the VUCA principle is already common in literature. Since organizations are made up of people led by a leader/manager, thus requiring personal ability to deal with emerging problems. The aim of this paper is to present theoretical considerations and research analysis justifying its thesis that the diversity of a leader’s competencies significantly affects the effectiveness of management and ultimately determines their organization’s success. Design/methodology/approach: The aim of this paper was achieved by conducting an argumentative review of the literature available on the subject, which served as the basis for designing the methodological assumptions and further research. Survey methodology was selected as the main research method. The research was conducted among managers/leaders of a group of selected building materials companies. Such targeted research allowed for proper understanding of respondents’ position in relation to the subject matter and made it possible to draw conclusions. Findings: The conducted research leads to the conclusion that the variety and universality of a leader’s competencies affect the effectiveness of managing a team. The research has resulted in a proposal of a competency model of a modern manager able to effectively manage a company. The model considers the leading competencies as the basis for the proposed spectrum of skills. The leading competencies determining a manager’s actions and allow for the emphasis of the multidirectional nature of the desired features include self-organization, self-improvement, openness to new ideas, strict principles, making correct decisions, and taking care of the team’s relations and environment. The above-listed competencies can be used to generate further skills and traits, which can be used to create a complete competency model of an effective manager. Practical implications: The results of the conducted research and the proposed competency model constitute a valuable source of information for those responsible for managing a team in a difficult VUCA environment. The proposed approach to managerial competencies and in particular to their diversity will contribute to managers’ effectiveness and flexibility. Originality/value: The assumed research position pertains to learning organizations operating in dynamic environments. The key role in such an organization is played by a manager able to not only keep up with the changing conditions, but also anticipate them. The authors of this paper propose a model allowing managers/leaders to learn and evolve in response to emerging challenges, thus ensuring their company’s effectiveness.
EN
Purpose: The article's primary goal is to identify the most important values in the life of representatives of Generation Z after their experience of remote work in an uncertain time of COVID-19 pandemic and critical competencies essentials at home-office. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted a diagnostic survey with a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was carried out using the CAWI method. It was filled in by 310 respondents who represent Generation Z, are professionally active and worked remotely during the pandemic. Frequency and percentage statistics and descriptive parametric were applied in the statistical evaluation. Findings: The research results showed that, in Gen Z-ers' opinion, they need specific competencies to be effective in remote work. They indicated the most important ones: the ability to use remote technologies and manage their own time, independent problem solving, self-motivation and commitment. Research limitations/implications: The authors intend to continue the research carried out in the discussed topic, as well as in the field of adaptability to remote work of other three generations, i.e., Y, X and BB. Due to the limitations of the research sample, it is important to underline that generalizing the research results must be done with caution. Practical implications: Human resource managers are challenged to develop the competencies necessary for effective work in a virtual environment. It is also a guideline for which areas employees need support and appropriate training policy. Originality/value: Our paper contributes to the latest insight into essential competencies for Gen Z in remote work. Managers need this knowledge to manage young employees from the Z generation best and ensure their effectiveness while working remotely.
7
Content available Foresight of the innovation manager competencies
EN
In the current circumstances, creation of a model of innovation manager competencies appears to be an important scientific and practical task of ensuring the innovative development of the economy. Identification of future needs in competencies enables the education system to adapt elaborately the process of professional training of innovative personnel and increase the competitiveness of educational programs. The following paper summarizes and examines the existing models of competencies and skills based on bibliometric analysis of published works and content analysis of documents in Scopus and Web of Science, two leading databases. Studied were the competencies of the managerial profession on junior and middle management levels engaged in innovation activities, which includes the following: assessment of the commercial potential of innovations; operational planning and organizing management of innovation activities; management of all stages of the innovation project; working with partners in the innovation market; control of measures to promote innovations in the market, etc. An approach to form a model of competencies of an innovation manager has been proposed in the form of an ordered list of five groups: professional, functional, digital, socio-cultural and cognitive competencies. The paper uses foresight methodology to determine the future demand for competencies and areas of professional innovative training. The authors analyze the potential of foresight methodology and study of future in the development of innovation management competencies. First and foremost, an attempt has been made to assess the level of training and significance in practice for managers of 61 competencies through a large-scale national survey of innovation experts working in Kazakhstan companies. The researchers consider modern methods of training and developing the competencies of innovation managers. For this purpose, the study has been supplemented with in-depth interviews.
PL
W obecnych warunkach stworzenie modelu kompetencji menedżera innowacji wydaje się ważnym zadaniem naukowym i praktycznym zapewnienia innowacyjnego rozwoju gospodarki. Identyfikacja przyszłych potrzeb w zakresie kompetencji pozwala systemowi edukacji na wszechstronne dostosowywanie procesu doskonalenia zawodowego innowacyjnej kadry oraz zwiększanie konkurencyjności programów edukacyjnych. . Niniejszy artykuł podsumowuje i analizuje istniejące modele kompetencji i umiejętności w oparciu o analizę bibliometryczną opublikowanych prac oraz analizę treści dokumentów w dwóch wiodących bazach danych Scopus i Web of Science. Badano kompetencje zawodu menedżera na niższych i średnich szczeblach zarządzania zaangażowanego w działalność innowacyjną, w tym: ocenę komercyjnego potencjału innowacji; planowanie operacyjne i organizacja zarządzania działaniami innowacyjnymi; zarządzanie wszystkimi etapami projektu innowacyjnego; współpraca z partnerami na rynku innowacji; kontrola działań promujących innowacje na rynku itp. Zaproponowano podejście do kształtowania modelu kompetencji menedżera innowacji w postaci uporządkowanej listy pięciu grup: kompetencji zawodowych, funkcjonalnych, cyfrowych, społeczno-kulturowych i poznawczych . Artykuł wykorzystuje metodologię foresight do określenia przyszłego zapotrzebowania na kompetencje i obszary profesjonalnego szkolenia innowacyjnego. Autorzy analizują potencjał metodologii foresightu i badania przyszłości w rozwoju kompetencji zarządzania innowacjami. Przede wszystkim podjęto próbę oceny poziomu wyszkolenia i znaczenia w praktyce menedżerów 61 kompetencji poprzez szeroko zakrojone ogólnopolskie badanie ekspertów ds. innowacji pracujących w kazachskich firmach. Badacze rozważają nowoczesne metody szkolenia i rozwijania kompetencji menedżerów innowacji. W tym celu badanie zostało uzupełnione o wywiady pogłębione.
EN
Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the role of business simulations in shaping entrepreneurial skills at a university, where simulation games are used as a tool to support the teaching process. Therefore, the article presents the effectiveness of their use in academic conditions in a practical context, based on scientific research. Design/methodology/approach: For the purposes of this article a survey was conducted among students who participated in classes using simulation games. Findings: The introduction of innovative teaching methods at universities seems necessary due to the changing economic needs, and thus the need to acquire new competences in the labour market by employees (university graduates or students working during the course of study). One of the most difficult problems results from the discrepancy between the goals of the educational system and the insufficient preparation of lecturers to work in the present conditions, and the low level of development of their skills. Research limitations/implications: It is advisable to carry out further scientific research in the field of using of simulation games due to the fact that they are increasingly used as a tool to support the process of practical learning. Practical implications: Not without significance for the learning process is also the emotional involvement of participants who acquire knowledge more easily if they are interested in the given issue and understand the benefits resulting from it. Social implications: Nowadays, it is impossible to imagine didactic activities carried out only in a conventional way. Currently implemented didactic processes at universities are often supported by active and modern teaching methods which include, among other things, simulation games. Their main advantage is that they facilitate the transfer of knowledge in an interesting way, teach creative problem solving, arouse interest and allow to gain new experiences, including interpersonal ones. Originality/value: Active learning tools such as collaborative learning and problem-based learning can partly replace the traditional lecture-based method that continues to dominate in higher education. Advocates of active learning show that these innovative teaching strategies are more effective in increasing student motivation, knowledge acquisition, and general academic achievement.
EN
Purpose: An attempt to identify the competencies of the project manager desired by the employers and to determine whether changes have occurred over time. Design/methodology/approach: Job offers were automatically downloaded from website with job offers. An analysis of text mining of fragments of offers describing the competence was carried out. The analysis of text mining included initial text processing, creation of corpora of analyzed documents, creation of a document-term matrix, topic modeling algorithm and the use of classic methods derived from data mining. Findings: The most frequently used words/n-grams and the correlation of selected words/ n-grams with other words/n-grams were presented in the form of drawings. Based on the frequency of words/n-grams and the correlation value, efforts were made to identify the project manager competencies. The topic modeling algorithm was used to generate topics that can also be used to identify expected project manager competencies. Research limitations/implications: Only offers written in Polish, downloaded from one websites with job offers, which had the phrase “kierownik projektu” (“project manager”) in their job title, were analyzed. Data was collected from 09 to 11 April 2018 and from 09 to 11 April 2019. Practical implications: The method applied can be used by organizations preparing for the profession of a project manager, to modify and better adapt curricula to the needs of the labor market. Originality/value: Studies have shown that text mining of job offers can, to some extent, help determine the desired project manager competence.
EN
Food safety means all the conditions that have to be met and actions that have to be taken at all stages of food production or sales to protect human health and life. Studies have demonstrated that organic food is considered by consumers to be healthier and safer than conventional food produced by means of intensive farming methods. In this context, the interest in organic food among both consumers and distributors is increasing. This means that there are many factors determining organic food production. Among them are those related to competencies that affect product safety, which represents a guarantee that the enterprise will achieve market success and is one of the sources of competitiveness for such enterprises. Therefore, the aim of the study was to present assessment of soft competencies of laboratory employees by their immediate superiors. The problem was identified more closely as a case study of the corporation that produces organic foods, whereas assessment of competencies was compared to the specific features of the food sector the enterprise operates in, with the examples of the branches located in Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania.
11
Content available remote Organy kierowania i dowodzenia siłami zbrojnymi w NATO oraz Polsce
EN
This article presents the distribution of the main command and control bodies of the armed forces in NATO and Poland, taking into account the most important competences and tasks resulting from the most important doctrinal documents and legal bases at the levels of command and control of the armed forces.
EN
Responsibility for the credibility and quality of an organic product lies with the entrepreneur. It is therefore in the entrepreneur’s interest to recruit competent employees who stimulate the desired behaviours and activities conducive to the achievement of strategic goals connected with production of products with the quality expected by consumers of organic foods. Therefore, it was considered purposeful to analyse the issues of competencies of production workers' in relation to the Robles' set of soft skills. The topics discussed in the study include knowledge, skills, and internal motivation of the employees. A closer examination of the discussed problems was conducted with the example of a corporation X for its branches located in Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania which produce organic flour. The five-point Likert scale was used in the empirical examinations.
13
EN
Along with the dynamic development of the business services sector in Poland, both in terms of quantity (increase in the number of employees) and quality (increase in handling complex processes), the competence of employees and candidates to work becomes an important determinant of this process. The article analyzes reports on the sector of modern services and the labour market in the scope of desirable competencies of employees in the context of upcoming technological changes (Industry 4.0). As a result of the analysis, a catalogue of meta-competencies was identified, which are key from the point of view of the development of the business services sector and other branches of the modern economy.
EN
Purpose: To search for training methods for specialists in industrial safety, environmental and occupational safety and health in conditions of insufficient (or absent) laboratory support and to study the relationship between the student learning approach and acquired competencies. Design/methodology/approach: To study modern advances in industrial safety, environmental and occupational safety and health and training methods for specialists a systematic literature review approach has been used. For publications from 2017, queries were asked through keywords and safety related topics. To relationship study between the student learning approach and acquired competencies a student survey on random sampling has been used. A total of 112 students of the 3rd and 4th year of study at the university were interviewed. Findings: The results of the survey showed that the students’ number who simultaneously successfully answered theoretical questions and completed practical tasks is 33.8% from the group with theoretical training and 75% from the group that was trained in the workplace. The relationship between the groups with a visit to the existing enterprise and acquired competencies was justified by the association coefficient and contingency coefficient that are 0.7 and 0.4 respectively. Research limitations/implications: A student’s survey was conducted at only one university. Questions were asked only according to the curriculum of the course “Labour Protection”. No survey for other training courses conducted. Practical implications: The research results are reasonable and can be applied at universities to improve the educational process of training specialists. Originality/value: It was proposed that students be trained using existing enterprises as a laboratory base and by the methods of statistics mathematical processing was substantiated the proposal feasibility.
PL
Przedstawiono: uzasadnienie, że podstawowym warunkiem kształcenie inżynierów w zakresie metod obliczania i wymiarowania urządzeń zaopatrzenia w wodę są wysokie kwalifikacje i kompetencje nauczycieli akademickich w zakresie mechaniki płynów i hydrauliki; ogólne założenia programowe katedr w zakresie kształcenia wysokich specjalistycznych kwalifikacji nauczycieli akademickich; rola profesora w działalności katedr - jako nauczyciela pracy naukowej i dydaktycznej; klasyfikację kwalifikacji nauczycieli akademickich; założenia programowe katedr mechaniki płynów i hydrauliki; przegląd przyczyn niskiej efektywności procesu doktoryzowania i habilitowania; oraz wnioski i uwagi końcowe.
EN
The article contains the presentation of: reasons why the high qualifications and competences of academic teachers of fluid mechanics and hydraulics are the most elementary requirements in engineers' training in calculative methods and dimensioning of water supply equipment; general assumptions for faculty programs concerning education of highly qualified academic teachers; the role of a professor within the faculty structure, a teacher of research and teaching; the classification of the qualifications of academic teachers; program assumptions for fluid mechanics and hydraulics faculties; a survey on the background of poor effectiveness in the doctorate and habilitation processes; and conclusions and final comments.
PL
Przebieg procesu budowlanego wymaga udziału osób pełniących samodzielne funkcje techniczne w budownictwie – osób, które swoją wiedzą i doświadczeniem są gwarantem prawidłowego przebiegu i bezpieczeństwa tego procesu. W przypadku sporu sądowego z zakresu budownictwa ich rola ulega marginalizacji, a głos opiniotwórczy uzyskują biegli sądowi, których nieustandaryzowane kwalifikacje wprowadzają wątpliwości co do rzetelności ustaleń dowodowych. Taka paradoksalna sytuacja wzmacnia wartość opinii prywatnej stanowiącej istotny głos inżyniera posiadającego uprawnienia budowlane.
EN
The course of the construction process requires the participation of people who perform independent technical functions in the construction industry – people who, through their knowledge and experience, guarantee the correct course and safety of this process. In the case of litigation in the field of construction, their role is marginalized and the opinion is obtained by court experts whose non-standardized qualifications generate doubts as to the reliability of evidence findings. This paradoxical situation reinforces the value of private opinion, which is an important voice of an engineer with building qualifications.
PL
Zaprezentowany system rządów w państwie oraz podstawowe zasady ustrojowe zawarte w Konstytucji w sposób bezpośredni wpływają na pozycję i kompetencje poszczególnych organów w sferze bezpieczeństwa, a także obronności państwa. Niniejsze dało podstawę do podjęcia analizy kompetencji organów w zakresie kierowania bezpieczeństwem. W przedmiotowym artykule przedstawiono kompetencje Prezydenta RP, a następnie zwrócono uwagę na szczególnie ważną rolę Rady Ministrów, charakteryzując uprzednio system bezpieczeństwa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej.
EN
The presented system of government in the state and basic constitutional principles contained in the constitution directly influence the position and competence of individual authorities in the sphere of security as well as state defense. These provided the basis for an analysis of the competences of the authorities in the field of safety management. The article presents the competences of the President of the Republic of Poland, and then attention was paid to the particularly important role of the Council of Ministers, characterizing the security system of the Republic of Poland.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono znaczenie zatrudniania interim managerów w warunkach dynamicznych zmian zachodzących w otoczeniu. Podkreślono znaczenie interim managementu jako nowoczesnego podejścia do zarządzania. Omówiono podejście do zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem przyszłości. Autorzy dokonali również przedstawienia własnych doświadczeń i wniosków realizując projekty w ramach pełnionej funkcji menedżera. Zwrócono uwagę na znaczenia wpływu zarządzania czasowego na powodzenie zmian w przedsiębiorstwie.
EN
The article presents the importance of employing interim managers in the face of the dynamic changes in the environment. The significance of interim management as a modern approach to management was emphasised. The approach to future enterprise management was discussed. The authors also presented their own experiences and conclusions, implementing projects in their official capacity of managers. The significance of the impact of interim management on successful changes in the enterprise was emphasised.
19
Content available Kompetencje przyszłości
PL
Rewolucja techniczna XXI wieku, postępująca automatyzacja i digitalizacja procesów, nieustanny rozwój komputerów oraz urządzeń cyfrowych ułatwiających komunikację sprawiają, że konieczne jest rozwijanie nowych kompetencji, które pozwolą na funkcjonowanie na rynku pracy w przyszłości. W artykule wskazano na wybrane badania prowadzone w obszarze kompetencji pracowniczych oraz podkreślono, które kompetencje – zarówno pracowników niższych szczebli, jak i liderów, będą odgrywały kluczowe znaczenie w najbliższych latach.
EN
The technical revolution of the 21st century, the progressive automation and digitization of processes, the constant development of computers and digital devices facilitating communication make it necessary to develop new competencies that will allow to function on the labor market in the future. The article points to selected research conducted in the area of employee competences and underlines which competencies - both of lower level employees and leaders – will play a key role in the next years.
PL
W artykule przeanalizowano zagadnienia dotyczące sukcesorów współczesnych przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych. Zwrócono szczególną uwagę na pożądany profil kompetencyjny sukcesora ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem trzech grup kompetencji. Podkreślono rolę inteligencji emocjonalnej, która stanowi istotną część kompetencji sukcesora. Wskazano również metody doskonalenia kompetencji z obszaru inteligencji emocjonalnej na podstawie badań cytowanych w opracowaniu autorów oraz wyników badań własnych. Uzupełnienie rozważań stanowią zagadnienia dotyczące roli nestorów w procesie przygotowania sukcesorów do zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem rodzinnym.
EN
The article analyses the issues concerning the successors of contemporary family enterprises. Particular attention was paid to the desired competence profile of the successor, with special regard to three groups of competencies. The role of emotional intelligence, which is an essential competence of the successor, was emphasised. In addition, the methods for improving competencies related to emotional intelligence were indicated based on the results of own studies and studies quoted in the authors' elaboration. The deliberations were supplemented with the issues concerning the role of nestors in the process of preparing successors for managing family enterprises.
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